geria project
TRANSCRIPT
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Stuart, JeanetteStuart, Jeanette
Garcia,Garcia, LourdesLourdes
Caswell, LeaCaswell, Lea Dagos, CherieDagos, Cherie
Bautista, KitBautista, Kit Bagui, SidBagui, Sid
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Sulat ni Tatay at Nanay
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INTRODUCTION
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Albert Sy, 64 years old, 200 lbs, widow,
diabetic and on injectible insulin, part
left leg amputation and depressed.
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What is Diabetes ?
When you have Diabetes your
body does not use insulin very
well or does not make enough
insulin.
Because of this, you have
high blood sugar.
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Where does insulin comefrom?
The Pancreas makes insulin.
The Pancreas is locatedbehind the stomach.
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What is an Insulin?What is an Insulin?
A hormone secreted by the beta cells,A hormone secreted by the beta cells,which are one of four types of cells inwhich are one of four types of cells inthe Islets of Langerhans in thethe Islets of Langerhans in thepancreas.pancreas.
Insulin allows glucose to move intocells to make energy
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Affected Parts of the body
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGYThe pathophysiology of Type 1 diabetes mellitus
suggests that it is an autoimmune disease, in
which the body's own immune system generatessecretion of substances that attack the beta cells
of the pancreas. Consequently, the pancreas
secretes little or no insulin.
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Causes
Auto immune response
Genetic factors
Virus
Diabetes Secondary to
Other Conditions
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Polydipsia/Extreme Thirst
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Polyuria/Frequent Urination
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Polyphagia /Always Hungry
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Blurred Vision
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Nausea
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Lethargy / Fatigue
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Sudden weight loss for noreason
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Recurrent infection and slowhealing of wounds
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Numb or tingling hands orfeet
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TreatmentTreatment
Taking insulin Eatinghealthy
foods
Exercising regularly and maintaining ahealthy weight
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Monitoring blood sugar
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Blood flow problem
Sexual problems
High Cholesterol
Heart Disease
Oxygen
Respiratory problems Joint problemsHypertension
Glucose levels
Heart attacks
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Maintain a normal blood pressure
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Nursing Care PlanNursing Care Plan
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Activities of Daily LivingActivities of Daily Living
6:006:00 -- 6:30 am6:30 amPraying timePraying time
6:30 - 7:00 amTaking a bath, brushing of teeth
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7:00 7:30 A.M.Exercise
Activities of Daily LivingActivities of Daily Living
7:30 A.M.Insulin shot
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Activities of Daily LivingActivities of Daily Living
8:008:00 8:30 A.M.8:30 A.M.BreakfastBreakfast
8:30 9:00 A.M.Reading Newspaper
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Activities of Daily LivingActivities of Daily Living
10:3010:30 A.M.A.M.Blood Glucose MonitoringBlood Glucose Monitoring
10:00 11:00 A.M.Playing puzzle
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Activities of Daily LivingActivities of Daily Living
11:0011:00 12:00 noon12:00 noonWatching TV with familyWatching TV with family
11:30 A.M.Insulin Shot
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Activities of Daily LivingActivities of Daily Living
12:0012:00 1:00 P.M.1:00 P.M.Lunch and Brushing of teethLunch and Brushing of teeth
1:00 3:00 P.M.Rest or Sleep
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Activities of Daily LivingActivities of Daily Living3:30 5:30 P.M.
Visiting time (with relatives or friends)/Karaoketime
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Activities of Daily LivingActivities of Daily Living
5:305:30 6:30 P.M.6:30 P.M.Listening to the musicListening to the music
6:00 P.M.Insulin Shot
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Activities of Daily LivingActivities of Daily Living
6:306:30 7:30 P.M.7:30 P.M.Dinner and BrushingDinner and Brushing
of teethof teeth
7:30 8:30 P.M.Rest or Watching TV with
Family
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Activities of Daily LivingActivities of Daily Living
9:30 PM9:30 PMBlood Glucose MonitoringBlood Glucose Monitoring
8:30 12:00 MNSleep
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Activities of Daily LivingActivities of Daily Living
11:00 P.M.11:00 P.M.Insulin shotInsulin shot
12:00 12:30 A.M.Midnight snack
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Activities of Daily LivingActivities of Daily Living
12:3012:30 6:00 A.M.6:00 A.M.SleepSleep
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SundaySundayBR Oatmeal, Fortified, Instant - 4 Oz
Milk, Cow's, Nonfat (skim) 1 Cup
MS Apple, Raw - 1/2 Medium
L Chicken Sandwich - 1 Serving
Carrot, Baby, Raw - 6 Oz
AS Raisin, Seedless 25 RaisinPeanut, Dry Roasted, No Salt 1 Oz
D Jambalaya - 1 Serving
Broccoli Vinaigrette - 1 Serving
ES Yogurt, Strawberry, Nonfat 8 Oz1237 Calories(kcal); 84 Protein(g); 174Carbs(g); 28 Fat(g); 5 Sat Fat(g); 227Cholest(mg); 25 Fiber(g); 1291Sodium(mg)
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MondayBR Milk, Cow's, Nonfat, Vit-a (skim)- 8 Oz
All-bran, Rte - 1/2 CupMS Pear, Raw - 1 Pear
L Cheese And Fruit Submarine Sandwich - 1 Serving
Salad Dressing, French, Diet - 1Tbsp
Iceberg Lettuce, Raw - 1/2 CupAS Carrot, Raw - 10 Large Strip
D Mixed Vegetables, Boiled, No Salt - 4 Oz
Kale, Boiled, No Salt - 1/2 Cup
Eggplant Parmesan - 1 Serving
Spaghetti Pasta, Cooked, Enriched - 1 Cup
ES Applegurt - 1 Serving
1276 Calories(kcal); 74 Protein(g); 211 Carbs(g);
24 Fat(g); 11 Sat Fat(g); 55 Cholest(mg);
38Fiber(g); 1633Sodium(mg)
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TuesdayBR Milk, Cow's, Nonfat, Vit-a (skim) - 1 Cup
Ham And Eggs - 1 Serving
MS Egg Bagel - 1 Mini-bagelCheddar Cheese - 1 Cubic-inch
Milk, Cow's, Nonfat, Vit-a (skim) - 8 Fl Oz
L Mixed Vegetables, Boiled, No Salt - 1/2 CupTuna On Pita Bread - 1 Serving
AS Broccoli, Raw - 1/2 CupSalsa, Chunky Chili Dip, Canned - 2 TbspApple, Raw - 1 Medium
Cheddar Cheese - 1 Cubic-inch
D Salad Dressing, French, Diet 2 OzSloppy Joes - 1 Serving; Cauliflower, Frozen - 1/2 Cup
Iceberg Lettuce, Raw - 4 Oz
ES Cantaloupe, Raw - 1 WedgeMilk, Cow's, Nonfat, Nfms, Vit-a (skim) - 1 Cup
1159 Calories(kcal); 84 Protein(g); 160 Carbs(g);
24 Fat(g); 11 Sat Fat(g); 105 Cholest(mg);
16 Fiber(g); 1674 Sodium(mg)
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Thursday
BR Milk, Cows Nonfat, Vit-a (skim) 1 CupBlackberry, Raw cup All-Bran. Rte 1 Cup
MS Fruit Smoothie 1 Serving
L Spinach Pasta WithOlive Oil 1 Serving
ZucchiniW
ith
skin, Boiled, No Salt 1 CupAS Celery, Raw 2 Medium Stalk
D Turnip Greens, Boiled, No Salt 1 CupBeefTenderloin 1 ServingBrown Rice, Long Grain, Cooked 1 Cup
ES Cottage Cheese, 1% Fat 2 OzMixed Fruit, Dried Oz
1258 Calories(kcal); 67 Protein(g); 177Carbs(g); 40 Fat(g); 16 Sat Fat(g); 101cholest(mg); 41 fiber(g); 1002 sodium(mg)
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Saturday
BR Milk, Cows Nonfat, Vit-a (skim) 1/2 CupSpecial K, Rte Cup
MS Carrot, Raw 1 CupSalad Dressing, French, Diet 1 Oz
L Enchilada Vegetable Wrap 1 Serving
AS Apple, Raw 1 Medium
D FishWithTomatoes 1 ServingSpaghetti Pasta, Cooked, Enriched 1 Cup
ES Watermelon, Raw 1 Cup
1238 Calories(kcal); 61 Protein(g); 174 Carbs(g); 36Fat(g); 14 Sat Fat(g); 98 cholest(mg); 17 fiber(g);1301 sodium(mg)
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Eating healthy foods Avoid simple sugars like cakes and chocolates. InsteadAvoid simple sugars like cakes and chocolates. Instead
have complex carbohydrates like rice, pasta, cereals andhave complex carbohydrates like rice, pasta, cereals andfresh fruits.fresh fruits.
Do not skip or delay meals. It causes fluctuations inDo not skip or delay meals. It causes fluctuations in
blood sugar levels.blood sugar levels.
Eat more fiberEat more fiber--rich foods like vegetables.rich foods like vegetables.
Cut down on your salt intake. Limit table salt, or flavor
intensifiers that contain salt, such as monosodium glutamate
(MSG).
Avoid alcohol. Dietary guidelines recommend no moreAvoid alcohol. Dietary guidelines recommend no more
than two drinks for men and no more than one drink perthan two drinks for men and no more than one drink per
day for women.day for women.
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Increase fluids especially H2OIncrease fluids especially H2O
Cut down on fatty foods. Avoid frying food. FriedCut down on fatty foods. Avoid frying food. Friedfood absorbs the fats from the cooking oils, increasingfood absorbs the fats from the cooking oils, increasingyour dietary fat intake. Instead, bake or broil food. Ifyour dietary fat intake. Instead, bake or broil food. Ifyou do fry, use polyunsaturated oils.you do fry, use polyunsaturated oils.
Low cholesterol diet
Do not eat meat more than once a day. Eat fish andpoultry more often than red or processed meats becausethey are less fattening.
Do not eat more than 4 eggs per week.Although
they are a good source of protein, and they're low insaturated fat, eggs are very high in cholesterol.
Choose fresh fruit for dessert, rather than cookies,Choose fresh fruit for dessert, rather than cookies,cake, or pudding.cake, or pudding.
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Exercising regularly and maintaining ahealthy weight
Regular exercise is an importantRegular exercise is an importantpart of diabetes control.part of diabetes control.
Daily exercise . . .Daily exercise . . .
* Improves cardiovascular fitness* Improves cardiovascular fitness* Helps insulin to work better and* Helps insulin to work better andlower blood sugarlower blood sugar* Lowers blood pressure and* Lowers blood pressure andcholesterol levelscholesterol levels* Reduces body fat and controls* Reduces body fat and controlsbody weightbody weight
Always carry quick sugar sourcesAlways carry quick sugar sourceslike candy or softdrink to avoidlike candy or softdrink to avoidhypoglycemia (low blood sugar)hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)during and after exercise.during and after exercise.