© GEO Secretariat

GEOSS: A Global Earth Observations System of Systems to Inform Decisions

João SOARESGEO Secretariat consultantjsoares@geosec.org

WMO/Geneva

In support to the: G20 Global Agricultural Geo-Monitoring

© GEO Secretariat

Environmental Challengesfor the 21rst Century

The origins of GEO...2002

• Johannesburg WSSD called for a strengthened cooperation and coordination among Global Observations Systems and research programs for integrated global observations

• G8 held in Evian that called for strengthened international cooperation on global observation for the environment

© GEO Secretariat

© GEO Secretariat

U.S. Department of State, Washington DCJuly 31, 2003

GEO, the Group on Earth ObservationsAn Intergovernmental Organization with 87 Members and 61

Participating Organizations

© GEO Secretariat

The Vision for GEOSS…

…a world where decisions and actions are informed by coordinated, comprehensive and sustained Earth observations...

Currently chaired by China, EC, South Africa and USA

GEO is implementing GEOSS according to its 10 yearImplementation plan established by its plenary in 2005

© GEO Secretariat

© GEO Secretariat

IKONOS

QuickBird

SPIN-2SPOT 4, 5

EROS A1

EnvisatAura/Aqua/Terra

Grace

QuikScatSage

SeaWindsTRMM

Toms-EP

UARSLandsat 7

SORCE

ACRIMSAT

CBERS

SeaWiFS

ERBS

Jason

Orbview 2, 3

Radarsat ALOS

DMC

A space based Babel´s tower ?

GEOSS

Human capitalExperience + qualification

Informal + formalDevelop talents

Deliverables Information for supporting decision-making

Instutional systemNetworkinggovernancePolitical commitment tosustained data sharing

InfrastructureSpatial + in situ instrumentation

Architecture + Data management + Data portalsSoftware + tools

© GEO Secretariat

Access to Data and Information

Contributors register observation systems, data sets and services

Users discover

and exploit resources

contributed to GEOSS

© GEO Secretariat

• Data and Products at Minimum Time delay and Minimum Cost

• Free of Charge or minimal Cost for Research and Education

GEO Data Sharing Principles

• Full and Open Exchange of Data, recognizing Relevant International Instruments and National Policies

© GEO Secretariat

Free and Open Access to Satellite Images: CBERS (China/Brazil), LANDSAT (USA) data use increased by a factor of 100+

FCT National Demonstrators

From 2009• Brazil• Guyana• Mexico• Indonesia (Borneo)• Australia (Tasmania)• Cameroon• Tanzania

From 2011 onwardsProgressive inclusion of countries from UN-REDD & World Bank FCPF is being planned.

From June 2010• Colombia• DR Congo• Peru, and

• adding Sumatra to Indonesia

time-series product from various sources of satellite data

Sy

ste

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ic S

ate

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Da

ta A

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uis

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ns

Op

tica

lS

AR

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

…..

….

…

…

2003

2012

…

…

1991

1992

1995

….

2003

2012

…

Common Processing Forest Conversion

Fo

rest

In

ven

tory

or

Car

bo

n M

od

el

Acc

ou

nti

ng

Ru

les

and

In

tern

atio

nal

Rep

ort

ing

Time series consistency Is critical

Verification

© GEO Secretariat

FCT main components

1. A scientific component

2. A “pre-operational” component, ensured today by CEOS on behalf of its member space agencies

3. A national component, seeking commitment to the activities and involvement of the national technical institutions (inventories done at national levels).

14

An Overview of the GEO Agriculture Monitoring initiative

• Agriculture has an established global monitoring community

• Multiple operational agricultural monitoring systems - most of them use satellite data in some way– Non coordinate using available data - no standardized methods

• Different countries have different capabilities for monitoring their agriculture– differing quality of reporting

• Improving satellite and in-situ observations would enhance our ability to effectively monitor agriculture

The Agriculture COP of GEO

GEO Agricultural Monitoring COP

Building onexisting systems

Agricultural Monitoring Systems Contributing to the GEO Agriculture Monitoring Task

UN-FAO GIEWS

Provides global information on food supply and demand provides early warnings of impending food crises in individual countries

USAID FEWSFamine Early Warning System

• Focus on access to food (Africa, Central America & Afghanistan)

• Geographically characterizes vulnerability and interprets hazards to food insecurity through:– Routine monitoring of rainfall, vegetation, crops, and market

prices

MARS-FOOD Crop Monitoring SystemMARS-FOOD Crop Monitoring SystemEuropean Commission Joint Research Center (JRC)European Commission Joint Research Center (JRC)

Crop Assessment ProcessCrop Assessment Process

Data collection Data collection & retrieval& retrievalEarth Observation Data

Meteorological Data

Agronomic Database

WEB InformationEuropean Media Monitor

Processing &Processing &AnalysisAnalysis

#Y

Bay

Mudug

Gedo

Hiran

Lower Juba

Galgadud

Bakool

LowerShabelle

MiddleJuba

MiddleShabelle

Mogadishu

Ethiopia

Somalia

#Y

Tog-Dheer

Djibouti

AwdalGalbeed

Bakool class "isolated fields/ rainfed"Agro-pastoral sorghum

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

M A M J J A S O N D J F

Time

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

mm

rain 2003-04Average 98-022002-032003-04

Cumulated PrecipitationIran (south)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Sep1 Oct1 Nov1 Dec1 Jan1 Feb1 Mar1 Apr1 May1 Jun1 Jul1 Aug1

dekads

mm

2003/2004 2002/2003

Kenya

Percentage of maize area in each

class

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2001 2002

C-NDVI

Crop GMS

WS Index

DisseminationDissemination

- EU Delegations- National EW Agencies

- Int. Institutions (FAO, …)

Bulletin Dissemination

Data Dissemination

ReportingReporting

USDA Foreign Agricultural Service

• Crop condition monitoring (monthly)• Production Forecast (season) • Monitoring 26 countries

China Crop Watch

• 作物长势监测 - 每月

• 主要作物作物产量监测 - 每季

• 全球 26个国家

CropWatch website http://www.cropwatch.com.cn/en/index.html

GEO´s coordination rolein support of agricultural monitoring

• Help establishing an operational and sustained system of satellites with optimal requirements.

• Networking of institutions across the globe working with key partnership and membership.

• Foster the development of capacity at national and regional levels to incorporate Earth Observation data into their monitoring systems.

© GEO Secretariat

© GEO Secretariat

Thank you!