geologic history of n. america. mesozoic era the terrains of california are visible in the west....
TRANSCRIPT
Mesozoic Era
• The terrains of California are visible in the west.
• These were added to the coast as we overran the Farallon plate later on.
• The Appalachians are visible on the east coast of the continent.
Cretaceous Inland Sea• During the Cretaceous
period, 90 million years ago, an inland sea formed in the center of the country.
• It was later filled in from sediment from the erosion of the Rockies on the west, Appalachians on the east.
20,000 years ago
• The last ice age ended 10,000 years ago.
• The ice had advanced into much of the north and eastern United States.
• Glaciers also existed in the mountainous regions of the West.
Present Day
• As the glaciers retreated, they carved out huge depressions now called the Great Lakes.
• The Great Lakes hold 1/5 of the world’s freshwater reserves.
Sedimentary layers
• As you watch these pictures change, notice how the sediment changes.– Mud will solidify into shale– Water drops organisms which will solidify into
limestone– Sand will solidify into sandstone
• These are the layers you see in the Grand Canyon; a visual history of Arizona’s past.
Kartchner Caverns
• Underground caverns are formed in limestone which is deposited when an area is covered by shallow seas.
• We can see in the previous and following diagrams that Arizona has been under water in the past.
Permian Extinction
• The Permian period was the last in the Paleozoic Era.
• At the end of the Permian period, 95% of all species on Earth disappeared.
• Scientists are not sure why.
Cenozoic Era
Miocene epoch 18 mya• Uplift of the Colorado
Plateau 18 million years ago.
• The uplift created the Grand Canyon, the Petrified Forest, the Mogollom Rim and the parks of Utah (Zion, Bryce and Canyonlands)
Colorado Plateau
• The Colorado Plateau covers a large part of the Southwest U.S.
• The uplift caused rivers to reverse course, mountains to form and canyons to be created.
Colorado Plateau in Arizona
• The uplift of the Colorado Plateau is the single biggest event that shaped Arizona as we know it today.
• Arizona now has three distinct areas; the low deserts, the Rim country and the plateau or higher elevation area
Grand Canyon
• The Colorado River began to flow to the west during the uplift.
• The river was able to cut through the rising land quickly; much quicker than if the land was not lifting underneath it.
• The Canyon formed in 6 million years which is very fast in geologic terms.
Mogollom Rim
• The Mogollom Rim is the edge of the Colorado Plateau.
• We are driving up the edge of the plateau when we drive up to Payson or Prescott. ( )