Geography, Exploring the Geography, Exploring the Past, and the Expansion Past, and the Expansion and Fall of Rome – Test and Fall of Rome – Test

Study GuideStudy Guide

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1) What is a republican form of 1) What is a republican form of government?government?

A government A government in which the in which the people choose people choose a leadera leader

2) What leader gave himself the title 2) What leader gave himself the title Augustus, after he took power?Augustus, after he took power?

OctavianOctavian

3) What is an empire?3) What is an empire? A group of A group of

different different territories or territories or cultures led by cultures led by one leaderone leader

4) What is the name of the leader 4) What is the name of the leader who divided Rome into east and who divided Rome into east and

west?west?

DiocletianDiocletian

5) Who was Clovis and what 5) Who was Clovis and what did he do?did he do?

Leader of the Leader of the Franks, Franks, conquered the conquered the Roman Roman province of province of GaulGaul

6) List four things that led to the 6) List four things that led to the decline of the Western Roman Empire decline of the Western Roman Empire

and describe why they made Rome and describe why they made Rome Fall.Fall.

Political CorruptionPolitical Corruption – politicians were – politicians were more interested in their own financial more interested in their own financial gain or success – they did not put the gain or success – they did not put the interest of Rome first. This political interest of Rome first. This political corruption made Rome fall because corruption made Rome fall because without good leadership, Rome’s without good leadership, Rome’s political system failed and the people political system failed and the people lost trust in their government and lost lost trust in their government and lost faith in Rome.faith in Rome.

6) List four things that led to the 6) List four things that led to the decline of the Western Roman Empire decline of the Western Roman Empire

and describe why they made Rome and describe why they made Rome Fall.Fall.

InvasionsInvasions – Germanic tribes, Slavs, – Germanic tribes, Slavs, Huns, Visigoths, and other groups Huns, Visigoths, and other groups attacked and invaded the Roman attacked and invaded the Roman Empire. This weakened the empire Empire. This weakened the empire because the army was not able to because the army was not able to stop the invaders and Rome lost stop the invaders and Rome lost territory and power.territory and power.

6) List four things that led to the 6) List four things that led to the decline of the Western Roman Empire decline of the Western Roman Empire

and describe why they made Rome and describe why they made Rome Fall.Fall.

Disloyal ArmyDisloyal Army – soldiers grew – soldiers grew disinterested in the Roman military disinterested in the Roman military and began to follow other leaders. and began to follow other leaders. This lack of loyalty caused Rome to This lack of loyalty caused Rome to fall because the military lost its fall because the military lost its strength and was not able to strength and was not able to defend Rome from invading armiesdefend Rome from invading armies

6) List four things that led to the 6) List four things that led to the decline of the Western Roman Empire decline of the Western Roman Empire

and describe why they made Rome and describe why they made Rome Fall.Fall.

Economic DeclineEconomic Decline – Rome’s declining – Rome’s declining army stopped them from conquering army stopped them from conquering new territory and therefore they were new territory and therefore they were unable to collect as much money in unable to collect as much money in taxes from the new Roman territories. taxes from the new Roman territories. To compensate, Rome taxed the To compensate, Rome taxed the Roman citizens heavily and this made Roman citizens heavily and this made Rome fall because the people were Rome fall because the people were poor, disheartened, and hungry.poor, disheartened, and hungry.

7) Who was the capital of the 7) Who was the capital of the Byzantine Empire named after?Byzantine Empire named after?

Constantine – Constantine – the capital was the capital was called called ConstantinopleConstantinople

8) What was the Justinian Code?8) What was the Justinian Code?

A code of laws A code of laws to regulate life to regulate life in the in the Byzantine Byzantine EmpireEmpire

9) What is a schism?9) What is a schism?

A split or A split or separationseparation

10) Who was the top leader in the 10) Who was the top leader in the Roman Catholic Church?Roman Catholic Church?

the Popethe Pope

11) List 2 reasons for the Great 11) List 2 reasons for the Great Schism, between the Roman Schism, between the Roman

Catholic Church & the Eastern Catholic Church & the Eastern Orthodox Church?Orthodox Church?

1)1) In the Roman Church the In the Roman Church the Pope wanted authority over Pope wanted authority over the emperor and in the the emperor and in the Eastern Orthodox Church the Eastern Orthodox Church the emperor wanted authority emperor wanted authority over the church – this over the church – this disagreement caused a split disagreement caused a split or schism.or schism.

2)2) The Eastern Orthodox Church The Eastern Orthodox Church did not want people to use did not want people to use icons. They considered icons, icons. They considered icons, false gods and the Roman false gods and the Roman Catholic Church approved of Catholic Church approved of the use of icons.the use of icons.

12) What is a mosaic?12) What is a mosaic?

A picture A picture made out made out of small of small colored colored tiles or tiles or glass.glass.

13) Describe the philosophy of 13) Describe the philosophy of Stoicism:Stoicism:

Stoicism was developed Stoicism was developed by the Greek philosopher – by the Greek philosopher – Zeno. The philosophy Zeno. The philosophy stresses the importance of stresses the importance of virtue, duty, and virtue, duty, and enduranceendurance in life. This in life. This allows one to be clear allows one to be clear thinking, levelheaded and thinking, levelheaded and unbiased. In practice it is unbiased. In practice it is designed to empower an designed to empower an individual with virtue and individual with virtue and strength and to give an strength and to give an individual the ability to individual the ability to readily refuse corruption, readily refuse corruption, temptation, and help temptation, and help those who are in need.those who are in need.

14) What emperor led Rome in 14) What emperor led Rome in the era known as the Pax the era known as the Pax

Romana?Romana?

AugustusAugustus

15) What did Constantine do to 15) What did Constantine do to help the Christians?help the Christians?

He declared He declared an end to all an end to all attacks on attacks on Christians in Christians in the the Byzantine Byzantine EmpireEmpire

16) What year do most historians 16) What year do most historians use to mark the fall of the use to mark the fall of the Western Roman Empire ?Western Roman Empire ?

476 CE 476 CE (AD)(AD)

17) What other ancient culture 17) What other ancient culture greatly influenced Roman culture, greatly influenced Roman culture,

architecture, and ideas ?architecture, and ideas ? GreeceGreece

18) Who was allowed to vote in 18) Who was allowed to vote in the Roman Republic?the Roman Republic?

All men born All men born freefree

19) 19) Why was the location of the Why was the location of the Byzantine Empire beneficial for Byzantine Empire beneficial for

trading ?trading ? The Byzantine The Byzantine

Empire was Empire was located located between between Europe, Africa Europe, Africa and Asia and and Asia and was a was a “crossroads” of “crossroads” of trade.trade.

20) 20) Why did Romans build Why did Romans build aqueducts?aqueducts?

Romans Romans built built aqueducts aqueducts to bring to bring fresh water fresh water to the cities to the cities and townsand towns

21) 21) Name four groups that invaded Name four groups that invaded the Roman Empire:the Roman Empire:

HunsHuns Germanic Germanic

tribestribes SlavsSlavs VisigothsVisigoths

22) 22) Why did Rome change from a Why did Rome change from a republic to an empire?republic to an empire?

Julius Caesar Julius Caesar (a powerful (a powerful man) named man) named himself sole himself sole ruler and the ruler and the republic republic ended.ended.

23) 23) Describe two influences of Describe two influences of Roman culture that can still be seen Roman culture that can still be seen

today:today: Architecture – Architecture –

arches, vaults, arches, vaults, aqueducts, and aqueducts, and roadsroads

Government – Government – system of laws system of laws that stressed that stressed fairness and fairness and common sense – common sense – equal treatment equal treatment under the law and under the law and innocent until innocent until proven guiltyproven guilty

24) A way of representing 24) A way of representing Earth’s curved surface on a flat Earth’s curved surface on a flat

map.map.projectionprojection

25) A map that shows features 25) A map that shows features of the earths surface that of the earths surface that

humans created.humans created.Political mapPolitical map

26) A naturally formed feature 26) A naturally formed feature on the Earth’s land surface.on the Earth’s land surface.

landformlandform

27) A person who studies and 27) A person who studies and interprets the past.interprets the past.

historianhistorian

28) A human made object.28) A human made object.

Artifact Artifact

29) A work produced about a 29) A work produced about a historical event by someone historical event by someone who was not actually there.who was not actually there.

secondary sourcesecondary source

30) A measure of distance 30) A measure of distance north and south of the equator.north and south of the equator.

latitudelatitude

31) The condition of the 31) The condition of the atmosphere at a particular atmosphere at a particular

place and time.place and time.

weatherweather

32) A way of life shared by a 32) A way of life shared by a group of people.group of people.

cultureculture

33) A map that focuses on a 33) A map that focuses on a specific type of information.specific type of information.

thematic mapthematic map

34) The study of humans and 34) The study of humans and human cultures.human cultures.

anthropologyanthropology

35) The pattern of weather 35) The pattern of weather conditions in a certain location conditions in a certain location

over a long period of time.over a long period of time.

climateclimate

36) A map that shows 36) A map that shows landforms and bodies of water.landforms and bodies of water.

physical mapphysical map

37) A document or artifact 37) A document or artifact created during a particular created during a particular

historical period.historical period.primary sourceprimary source

cats

38) The recovery and study of 38) The recovery and study of physical evidence from the physical evidence from the

past.past.archaeologyarchaeology

39) An unwritten verbal 39) An unwritten verbal account of events.account of events.

oral historyoral history

40) The process of digging up 40) The process of digging up historically significant objects historically significant objects

for the purpose of study.for the purpose of study.excavationexcavation

41) The study of the Earth’s 41) The study of the Earth’s surface.surface.

geographygeography

42) The measure of distance 42) The measure of distance east or west of the prime east or west of the prime

meridian.meridian.

longitudelongitude

43) One of the largest seven 43) One of the largest seven land masses of Earth.land masses of Earth.

continentcontinent

44) Either of two equal halves 44) Either of two equal halves of Earth, marked by the of Earth, marked by the equator and the prime equator and the prime

meridian.meridian.hemispherehemisphere

45) The study of past events.45) The study of past events.

historyhistory

46) The skills and methods 46) The skills and methods used in the making of maps.used in the making of maps.

cartographycartography

47) What continent would you 47) What continent would you be in if you went to the be in if you went to the

coordinates 60coordinates 60˚N, 120 ˚W?˚N, 120 ˚W?

North America

N

S

EW

48) What ocean would you be 48) What ocean would you be in if you went to the in if you went to the

coordinates 90coordinates 90˚N, 60 ˚E?˚N, 60 ˚E?

Arctic Ocean

N

S

EW

49) Which line of longitude 49) Which line of longitude runs through South Americaruns through South America??

60˚WEST

N

S

EW

50) What ocean would you be 50) What ocean would you be in if you went to the in if you went to the

coordinates coordinates 00˚, 30˚ W ?˚, 30˚ W ?

Atlantic Ocean

N

S

EW

TEST INFORMATIONTEST INFORMATION

Test will be 58 points and will contain..... a multiple choice section about the rise and

expansion of Rome a matching section using the “Geography of the

World and Discovering the Past” vocabulary a multiple choice map skills section on continents,

oceans, and longitude and latitude a open response section where you will have to

write in complete sentences about the Fall of Rome

an extra credit section with five questions about Ancient History - (You can go on SharePoint to access the Ancient History questions and answers.)

Study Tips Try not to save all your studying for the night

before the test. Study a few days before and then review the information the night before.

Have a friend or parent ask you the questions on this Study Guide and see if you can answer the questions without looking. If you are studying by yourself, look at the questions and cover the answers.

If you have extra time, go through the assignments in your unit packet and read over the questions and answers. Look at the “Understanding Timelines and Dates” assignment, and check out the Ancient History questions on SharePoint; they will help on the extra credit!

Test Taking TipsTest Taking Tips On the day of the test LISTEN to the teacher’s directions

(that’s me!!!) before the test! Read the directions on the test carefully! When answering multiple choice questions, read the

questions and answer choices to find the best answer. You may see two answers that you think are correct. One of them is “better” than the other.

When you are asked to answer a question using complete sentences, make sure they are “complete” complete sentences. You should restate part of the question in your answer and then give as many details as you can to support your answer.

You should always go back and check your work after you finish the test. Silly mistakes can be avoided if you read the questions carefully and don’t rush.

Study, study, study!!Study, study, study!!