Gender capacity assessment and development in the CGIAR Livestock and Fish Research Program

Focus group discussions

Els Rijke, Transition International, consultantViolet Barasa, ILRI

Diana Brandes – van Dorresteijn, ILRI

Tanzania, 1-8 December 2014

Why Gender Capacity Assessment and Development?

• Addressing gender issues is key:

– 2/3 livestock keepers are women;

– Women play important roles but are often constrained;

– Addressing inequalities can increase agricultural production and improve food security;

– Business development, income/employment

• Skills and resources needed

• Gender Capacity Development = priority gender strategy

• Be systematic, deliberate, rigorous to assess capacties

• Use beyond ILRI / LAF = “a service” for/to govern./private sector

Objectives

• Analyze gender capacities of the LAF partners

• Define desired future gender capacities

• Design tailor-made capacity development interventions per country

• Tanzania: to review the methodology for gender capacity assessment, by piloting the three sets of tools (enabling environment, organisationaldevelopment, individual (needs and) assessment)

The big picture

Gender capacity audit/ Impact

assessment

Gender capacity

development strategy

Gender-CD Strategy

Implementation

Monitoring and

Evaluation

Tools

Gender capacities

Actors

Level

3 dimensional framework

Levels of analysispolicies, rules and legislation, regulations, power relations and social norms

internal policies, arrangements, procedures and frameworks allowing an organization to operate and deliver on its mandate

skills, experience, knowledge, leadership and motivation of people

Core Gender Capacities

1. Gender analysis and strategic planning

2. Gender responsive programming, budgeting

and implementation

3. Knowledge management and gender

responsive M&E

4. Effective partnerships and advocacy on

promoting gender equality

5. Gender and leadership

6. Innovation in gender responsive approaches

Actors and functions

• Research

– universities,

– research institutes

• Development

– local government offices

– extension offices

– local / national NGOs

– service providers

FGD and interview guide

• Assesses capacities of development partners and research partners

• At organizational and individual levels

• FGD and interview guide

• Guided self assessment

• Scoring and qualitative information

• Existing and desired capacities

• This tool will take approx. 3 hours.

Gender analysis and strategic planning

• The capacity to do gender analysis, access to and knowledge of gender analytical tools, and the capacity to use information from analysis in strategic planning.

• Gender analysis: who does what? Who has what? Who decides? How? Who gains? Who loses?

• Gender sensitive value chain analysis: market system and social context: who does what, receives what, uses what resources and makes what positions at different points in the system, why do any existing social hierarchies exist and persist

• gender analytical tools: components of gender analytical methodologies or frameworks (participant observation, participatory rural appraisal (PRA) techniques, formal surveys)

Gender analysis and strategic planningWhat are gender issues in the dairy value chain in Tanzania?

• predominantly short value chains in which women dominate

• women play important role in the dairy value chain, esp. feeding cattle, rearing calves, but are relatively invisible

• Women decide on milk revenues in 80% of cases. women sell milk mostly at farm gate, informal markets, non-pasteurized milk (MilkiT proposal)

• Women participate in hubs and collectives, but less active than men

• ownership and decision-making regarding cattle?

• Intra-household consumption? Who decides, who benefits?

• access to adequate feeding, breeding, animal health and credit services?

• access to / control over land, capital, knowledge and information

• Constraints and benefits in VC upgrading: will women benefit more? Or will they be left out? Gender changes in labour when shifting from pastoralist to intensive systems

Are these gender issues analyzed? Who is doing this analysis? What is (not) known?

Gender responsive programming, budgeting, and implementation

• The capacity to develop gender responsive

programs and implement them as planned,

allocate financial and human resources to it,

having a gender sensitive structure and

organizational culture, reflected amongst others

in an internal gender balance.

• Gender Responsive Programming: Programming

that is aware of gender roles and relations and

responds to these

Gender responsive programming, budgeting, and implementation

• Are gender issues taken into consideration in program implementation, service delivery?

• Are gender issues researched?

• Research can be done either specifically on gender issues in value chains (strategic gender research), or, gender is mainstreamed into research.

Knowledge management and gender responsive M&E

• The capacity to collect and analyze sex disaggregated and gender equality data, to monitor and to report on gender responsive programming.

• Gender responsive monitoring and evaluation tracks changes in: the material conditions and social positions of women and men participating in the chain; gender attitudes and practices of chain actors; and chain level performance, including women's and men's shares in chain employment and income across nodes.

• A gender-sensitive indicator can be defined as “an indicator that captures gender-related changes in society over time”

• sex disaggregated data: Statistics disaggregated by sex or gender. within and beyond the household, not the same as household data disaggregated by household head.

•

Effective partnerships and advocacy on promoting gender equality

• The capacity to build coalitions, influence government and external partners, and to advocate for women's rights

• collaborative partnership approach “beneficiaries” become partners in development processes, which is empowering and facilitates mutual learning and will create more meaningful inclusive and sustainable development.

• Tanzania: Dairy Development Forum, Dairy Market Hubs…

• Gender equality?

• Other partnerships?

• Do you advocate for gender equality?

Gender and leadership

• The commitment and vision towards gender equality and women’s rights; women's leadership and power to take decisions.

• Commitment and leadership is important throughout the organization, from management down to other staff.

Innovation in gender responsive approaches

• Innovative and experimental

approaches for impact in women's

empowerment (from

accommodating to transformative),

capacity to search for, absorb and

share information, knowledge and

resources

Working definitions of gender(i) The gender equality continuum

/ responsive

Gender accommodating approaches

Recognizes and responds to the specific needs and realities of men

and women based on their existing roles and responsibilities.

• Examples of such approaches are: improving women's skills in

poultry farming (a traditional women's commodity), designing

trainings in a way that they are easily accessible for women who

tend to be more tied to the house, developing credit mechanisms

that can be accessed by women's savings groups.

• Such actions are important and may be easier to implement, less

challenging to the status quo

• But, the interventions tend not to address women's ability to

control the benefits, their decision-making power, their position in

the household and society. They tend to focus more on involving

women than on gender and engaging men

Gender transformative approaches

Improving women's access and control over resources and technologies

while explicitly aiming to change gender norms and relations in order to

promote gender equality.

• The social context is not just something to understand and work

within, but as something to act on

• Aim to address the causes of gender inequality and not just the

symptoms.

• Examples of interventions are: organizing women and creating

awareness of their rights, increasing women's ownership of livestock

and their ability to market on their own terms, interventions at

household level that improve intra-household decision-making on

livestock management including sales and distribution of income from

sales.

Innovation in gender responsive approaches

• Tanzanian examples of Gender

Transformative Approaches (GTAs)?

• Experiences with Gender

Transformative Approaches (GTAs)?

• Other innovative approaches and

methods with regard to gender?

Internal Organization

Organizational gender issues and the organization’s gender-responsive practices and performances :

• Gender balance within the organization

• Organizational norms and values

• Gender sensitive workplace (equal pay, equal opportunities to promotion and training, access to child care, flexible work schedule, safe workplace, prohibition of discrimination, women friendly equipment and facilities, etc.)

• The adjustment of policies and procedures

What are some gender-responsive practices and performances?

Inputs for the Capacity Development Strategy

• Vote to define the priority of importance of capacities:

• each participant gets 5 votes to indicate which five

capacities are more important / relevant according to him /

her.

• Important capacities can include weak capacities that need

to be strengthened, as well as existing capacities that need

to stay in place.

• Discuss the outcome of the voting and make a priority

listing of 5 – 10 capacities.

• Discuss and agree for each prioritized capacity how to

maintain or strengthen them.

Individual Questionnaires

• For individual (esp. mid level) staff

• Managers to encourage staff

• Individual level

• Scoring on parameters and optional comments

• Prioritizing capacities for CD

• Google Forms survey, max 15 min

• Optional print outs

CGIAR is a global partnership that unites organizations engaged in research for a food secure future. The CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish aims to increase the productivity of small-scale livestock and fish systems in sustainable ways, making meat, milk and fish more available and affordable across the developing world.

CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish

livestockfish.cgiar.org