gases methane and uses

7/31/2019 Gases Methane and Uses

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Methane Gases

Properties and it uses

Chemical name: CH4

Other names

Natural Gas, Marsh Gas, LNG


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Founder

It was first discovered byAlessandro Volta in 1776 who noticedbubbles rising from a pond and found

that these bubbles could be ignitedwith a naked flame.
http://www.eoearth.org/article/Volta,_Alessandro_Giuseppe_Antonio_Anastasiohttp://www.eoearth.org/article/Volta,_Alessandro_Giuseppe_Antonio_Anastasio


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Uses of methane gas

Used primarily

as fuel to make heat and light. In homes, methane may be used to fuel a water heater, stove and

clothes dryer.

manufacture organicchemicals.

methanol (CH3OH),

formaldehyde (CH2O),

nitromethane (CH3NO2),

chloroform (CH3Cl),

carbon tetrachloride (CCl4),


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Chemical reaction of CH4

The principal use of methane is as afuel. The combustion of methane ishighly exothermic.

CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) CO2(g) + 2

H2O(l)

Delta H = 891 kJ

The energy released by the combustion of methane, in the form of naturalgas, is used directly to heat homes and commercial buildings. It is also usedin the generation of electric power.


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Sources of Methane

Natural

Industrial

Livestocks Sinks


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Where is methane found?

Pockets of methane exist naturallyunderground.

It is found in Coal gas. methane is manufactured by the distillation of

coal.

Methane can be formed by the decay ofnatural materials and is common inlandfills, marshes, septic systems andsewers.


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Natural source

Natural sources of methane -wetlands.

Where soils are waterlogged andoxygen concentrations are low orzero, a group of microorganismscalled methanogens may produce

large amounts of methane as theyrespire carbon dioxide to deriveenergy.
http://www.eoearth.org/article/Wetlandhttp://www.eoearth.org/article/Oxygenhttp://www.eoearth.org/article/Energyhttp://www.eoearth.org/article/Energyhttp://www.eoearth.org/article/Oxygenhttp://www.eoearth.org/article/Wetland


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Natural sources

Anaerobic bacterial decomposition ofplant and animal matter,

such as occurs under water,

produces marsh gas, which is alsomethane.


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Natural gas - CH4

It is the principal component ofNatural gas, a mixture containingabout

75% CH4,

15% ethane (C2H6),

5% other hydrocarbons, such as propane (C3H8)

and

butane (C4H10).


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Industrial sources

Industrial sources arise from

losses occurring during oil, coal & gasextraction

from waste treatment

from landfill sites

rice cultivation biomass burning
http://www.eoearth.org/article/Coalhttp://www.eoearth.org/article/Coal


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Live stocks

Eructation and flatulence are theproximate causes of large quantities ofmethane emissions from cattle, sheep,

goats &other livestock.

Livestock grazing contributes anestimated 20 percent of all global

methane emissions

What is Eructation and flatulence ? Eructation is the usually noisy release through the mouth of the air contained in

the esophagus and stomach. Generally, this occurs after meals, when the

stomach is more full. Flatulence is the voluntary or involuntary release of the air contained in the final


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Methane as Raw material

It is a raw material for themanufacture of

methanol (CH3OH),

formaldehyde (CH2O),

nitromethane (CH3NO2),

chloroform (CH3Cl),

carbon tetrachloride (CCl4),

and some freons


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http://www.eoearth.org/article/Methane

Information on Toxic Chemicals

State of Wisconsin
http://www.eoearth.org/article/Methane?topic=49554http://www.eoearth.org/article/Methane?topic=49554


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Industrial sources

Methane is synthesized commerciallyby the distillation of bituminous coaland by heating a mixture of carbon

and hydrogen.

It can be produced in the laboratoryby heating sodium acetate with

sodium hydroxide and by thereaction of aluminum carbide (Al4C3)

with water

gases methane and uses

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