BUREAU OF MINERAL RESOURCES, GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS

I RECORD I I

1985/8

GAS STORAGE

IN . AUSTRALIA

by

s. OZIMIC and l. PAIN

The information contained in this report has been obtained by the Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics as part of the policy of the Australian Governmet1t to assist in the exploration and development of mineral resources. It may not be published in any form or used in a company prospectus or statement without the permission in writing of the Director.

BMR RECORD 1985/8

GAS S TOR AGE I N A U S T R A L I A

BY

S. OZIMIC & L. PAIN

SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION

GAS STORAGE

General Statement

Storage Techniques

DEVELOPMENTS IN AUSTRALIA

Victoria

South Australia

Western Australia

New South Wales

Northern Territory

Queensland and Tasmania

REFERENCES

TABLES

i .

1 - Summary of Australian operating and potential gas

storages.

FIGURES

1 - An aerial view of the liquid natural gas storage

tank, at Dandenong, Victoria

2 - Cooper Basin, volume of sales gas storage 1980-1983.

3 - St. Vincent Basin, coastal section showing potential

sub-surface gas storage reservoirs.

PLATES

3

4

4

4

6

6

8

9

12

13

13

14

1 - Australian sub-surface natural gas storages

(operating and potential)

(Bock Pocke t )

ii.

Figures on Plate 1

1. Locality map

2. Cooper Basin stratigraphy

3. Moomba, structural cross-section

4. Moomba, field limits

5. Dongara, structural cross-section

6. Dongara, structural contours on

top of basal Triassic

7. Perth Basin, stratigraphy

8. Woodada, structural cross-section

9. Woodada, structural contours on

top of Caryngina Formation

10. Sydney Basin, location of potential

gas storage sites

11. Sydney Basin, rock unit correlation

1.

SUMMARY

In Australia there are currently three operating natural

gas storage projects (Table 1, Plate 1):

1. a liquid natural gas (LNG) plant at Dandenong, Victoria,

2. a sub-surface sales gas storage in the Cooper Basin,

South Australia (S.A.).

3. a sub-surface ethane storage in the Cooper Basin, S.A.,

In addition, current available information indicates there

are at least seven domestic feasibility studies being undertaken

(Table 1, Plate 1) which may lead to the development of gas

storage:

1. in a disused coal mine (N.S.W.)

2. in two depleted gas fields Western Australia, and in one

depleted gas-producing coal shaft, N.S.W.

3. in aquifers in the Sydney Basin N.S.W.

in St Vincent Basin S.A.

Underlying Darwin region N.T.

I'

~

V> ;;;-o ~

~o .... ..,V> w .. "''-'~ ><.., ." "'.,,'" >:0 V> ...:IV>

W V>'" "''''0 W "'W ." 0 0..'"

'-' ." 1><0 .... ...:I'" '-' .... I>< ." '-''''0 0 .... ." '-' 00 '" "''''w "' .. 0'"

." > .... ~ ""''''0 ~V'lca>< V>'-' "' .. "" V>"" .... 0 .... "-~'" '" .... 0 .... E .... E 00 .... Cl ...:I

U ........ V> 000 ~'" 0...:10..

'" '" '-'V> .... ....H'"

Z "'''' ZO V>;::! '" "' .... .".,,'" Cf-'...Jo.. .... .., .... "''''V> "''-'''' "'U ° "'." 0 ...."'''' '" .... '" ." 0 "'U ." 0..0

." ~ "''-' ~ '-'''''''' ~Cl~(J) .... '" ."." .... "'0 > ",0.. '" HO 0'" V> 0.. .. .... '" -<f-Ic::r,:Z ."." '" "'''- '" "' .... 0 '-'''"' '" .... V>'" t:)tnOt-l au ~ uo ~ f-IU)O::::o 0"' .... (f)::;' 0 f-<

VICTORIA DANDENONG LIQUID OPERATIONAL SALES GAS CONNONHEALTH 0.002 0.002 GIPPSLAND BASIN MELBOURNE NATURAL GAS SINCE 1980 INDUSTRIAL GASES (12 X 103 (12 X 103 AND PLANT LTD, & GAS & FUEL tOllHeS of tOllnes of ENVIRONS

CORPORATION, VIC. LNG) LNG)

SOUTH NOO~IBA • A' PARTIALLY GAS OPERATIONAL SALES GAS SANTOS LTD NIA 0.325 COOPER BASIl( ADELAIDE AUSTRALIA DEPLETED SINCE 1980 AND

FOR~IATION SYDNEY

SOUTH NOONBA 'B' PARTIALLY GAS OPERATIONAL ETHANE SANTOS LTD N/A 0.064 COOPER BASIN PETROCHENICAL AUSTRALIA DEPLETED SINCE MAY '84 PLANTS

FOR~IATION

SOUTH ST VINCENT AQUIFERS SALES GAS SOUTH AUSTRALIA

1/ / COOPER BASIN ADELAIDE

AUSTRALIA BASIN DEPARTHENT OF HINERALS AND ENERGY

N

HESTERN DONGARA SOON-TO-BE SALES GAS STATE ENERGY 11.270 / NORTH HEST PERTH AUSTRALIA DEPLETED GAS CONflISSION OF SHELF AND

FIELD HESTERN AUSTRALIA ENVIRONS

'" '"

1/ '" HESTERN HOODADA GAS FIELD '" SALES GAS STATE ENERCY 0.68 NORTH HEST PERTH a AUSTRALIA 0 CONHISSION OF SHELF AND '" 0.. HESTERN AUSTRALIA ENVIRONS

;:; V>

/ NEH SOUTH BURHOOD DISUSED w SALES GAS AUSTRALIAN 0.040 COOPER BASIN NEHCASTLE H

liALES COAL NINE 0 GAS LIGHT CONPANY SYDNEY AND '" .... liOLLONGONG '" .. !::

i/ / NEW SOUTH BALHAIN DEPLETED GAS ;::! SALES GAS AUSTRALIAN COOPER BASIN SYDNEY liALES PRODUCING COAL ::! GAS LIGHT CmlPANY

SHAFT IliELLS '" ." W

""' NEW SOUTH SYDNEY AQUIFERS

j SALES GAS AUSTRALIAN 21.300 / COOPER BASIN HEH SOUTH

liALES BASIN GAS LIGHT CONPANY WALES

NORTHERN DARIHN AQUIFERS SALES GAS NORTHERN / 1/ AMADEUS BASIN DARHIN TERRITORY TERRITORY

1 DEPARTHENT OF NINERALS

TABLE 1: SU~~IARY OF AUSTRALIAN OPERATING AND POTENTIAL GAS STORAGES.

3 .

INTRODUCTION

This Record summarises the current knowledge of the

Australian developments in surface and sub-surface storage of

natural gas. It covers in some detail the operating projects;

those under feasibility studies; and discusses in general terms

the concepts of the developments considered.

The purpose of the summary is to give factual information

regarding these dev~lopments and to give assistance in:

planning of new gas storage facilities,

formulation of policies for a possible national gas storage

program.

Data used in compilation of this summary were obtained

by the Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics

(BMR) from:

State Mines Departments and their agencies,

petroleum exploration companies,

gas distributing companies,

BMR's research and assessment.

4.

GAS STORAGE

General Statement

Because natural gas is used mainly for industrial and household heating its

consumption rate is subject to considerable seasonal, weekly, and daily

variation. Seasonal demand variations are due mainly to the need for

domestic heating in winter, the weekly demand pattern is due to the

industrial weekend shut down, and daily demand variations are due to

household, and to a lesser extent industrial, demand peaks,. A pipeline

large enough to cope wi th.the peaks of a highly variable demand would be

unnecessarily expensive; a pipeline of a certain size can be economically

justified only if it operates at or near capacity throughout the year.

For a natural gas distributor the following are among the means

available to meet or control demand patterns:

development of gas storage near the points of use;

duplication of the pipeline;

restriction of consumption by means of complex contract arrangements;

variation of price structure in relation to demand.

Storage of gas near the final usage point offers possibly the most efficient

means of balancing pipeline energy supplies with a multiplicity of widely

fluctuating market requirements as well as providing security of supply.

Gas may be injected into storage when market requirement$.- fall below

available gas flow in the pipeline. It is withdrawn from storage when

market demand exceeds available supplies from other sources.

Storage Techniques

The main techniques used for storage of gas are:

- Depleted gas and/or oil fields,

5.

- Aquifers

Salt cavities,

- Abandoned coal mines,

Liquid natural gas (LNG) tanks.

The storage of natural gas in depleted gas and/or oil fields developed as a

sub-discipline of gas technology. The developments in storing gas in

aquifers have, however, raised gas storage technology to the status of a

special discipline.

The first attempt to store gas underground was performed in WeIland County ,

Ontario (Canada), in 1915, by re-injecting gas into a depleted field.

Since that time, numerous storages have been developed, first in the USA

then in Europe, and from 1980 also in Australia.

In USA at the end of 1983, there were over 420 gas storage pools (380 in the

depleted gas and/or oil fields; 40 in aquifers). In France the first

underground storage was put into service at Beynes, near Paris in 1956. At

the present time, France has 13 storage facilities: 11 in aqu.ifers and 2

in salt cavities.

The technique of storing gas in salt cavities is simple: it consists of

dissolving the solt with fresh water and draining off the brine from a

single well which will then serve for gas injection and withdrawal. Such

facilities are used in France, U.S.A., West Germany and Great Britain.

In Great Britain in 1980, the British Gas Corporation developed the first

storage of gas in a partially depleted gas field, the Rough Gas Field 20 km

off the Yorkshire coast near the city of Hull.

The storage of gas in disused coal mines is a practical proposition and the

developmental costs are comparatively low. Storage of gas in abandoned coal

mines was successfully developed in Belgium in 1976 where there are

currently two such storages operating.

6.

The storage of gas in liquid form (liquified natural gas - LNG) is a

further method by which gas can be stored reasonably efficiently in

relatively small storage systems. In this form 1 cubic metre of LNG is

equal to 600 cubic metres of natural gas at atmospheric conditions. A

numberof such storages are used world wide including one in Australia.

DEVELOPMENTS IN AUSTRALIA

Victoria

A liquid natural gas (LNG) plant at Dandenong, Victoria, (Plate 1, Fig.

1) was completed in early 1980 and is operated jointly by the Commonwealth

Industrial Gases Ltd (CIG) and the Gas and Fuel Corporation of Victoria

(Gas & Fuel Corp., 1983).

The plant includes the only LNG storage facility in Australia, and is the

first installation in the world to integrate an air separation plant with

an LNG liquefaction and storage facility. The basic function of the complex

is simple: the CIG Cryocentre liquefies natural gas from the Gas and

Fuel Corporation (GFC) in quantities sufficient for use by both parties.

CIG then uses the extreme cold of part of the LNG as a source of refrigeration

to liquify atmospheric gases for its own commercial, medical and industrial

use. This concept is unique in the world.

The plant's liquid natural gas storage tank has a capacity of 12 000

tonnes of LNG or the equivalent of 2 x 106m3 of natural gas. The LNG tank

is filled with gas from the Gippsland Basin, offshore Victoria, via a spur

to the 174 km gas pipeline from the ESSO/BHP Longford gas processing

plant.

The volume of LNG stored at the Dandenong plant provides an

invaluable back-up supply of natural gas to boost the Gas and Fuel

Corporation's in-hand gas capacity and improve the guarantee of security

of reticulated supply to urban, regional and industrial Victoria.

According to Gas and Fuel Corporation (1983), the storage volume of

LNG is sufficient to supply all their domestic consumers for about 2~

days in winter or up to 5 days in summer. I I .J

7

Fig I. An aerial V1ew of the Liquid Natural Gas Storage plant at Dandenong, Victoria.

8.

South Australia

Sub-surface storage of sales gas <llmd ethane in the Cooper Basin, SA,

is being operated by Santos Ltd (Plate 1).

The sales gas storage was developed in early 1980 in partially

depleted gas bearing lower Darolingie Beds within the Moomba gas field

(Plate 1, Figs 3 & 4). The stored sales gas volume rose initially from

83 x 106m3 in January 1982 to 189 x 106m3 prior to winter 1982 when a

portion of the stored gas was produced to meet peak demands. At the end of

1982 the volume of gas in storage3had increased to 285 x 106m3. The stored volume at the end of 1984 was 325 x 10 m .

The ethane storage was developed over the past three years and became

operational during 1984. According to Santos Ltd (1983), the storage utilises

the lower Daralingie Beds north of the present sub-surface sales gas

storage area. The ethane storage is part of the Cooper Basin producers long

rangeathanemarketability planning related to the establishement of a possible

petrochemical plant in South Australia. At the end of 1984, the volume of

ethane in storage was 64 x 106m3•

Sub-surface storage of natural gas in aquifers underlying an area north

of Adelaide has been under investigation since 1978 by the South Australian

Department of Mines and Energy (SADME Min. Ind. Quarterly No. 11, Sept., 1978).

The study has centred on the Tertiary sedimentary sequence beneath the

North Adelaide plains, in the Port Gawler and Brickland Park areas

following exploratory drilling and seismic surveys (Fig. 3).

According to the South Australian Department of Mines and Energy, an

area of about 5 km2 would be required to provide storage for some 5.0 x

109m3 of gas, which would be equivalent to about two months supply for the

Adelaide gas market. Such storage, if established, would provide

flexibility for the 782 km long Moomba to Adelaide gas pipeline and would

also offer an emergency supply if the pipeline failed.

9.

Western Australia

Sub-surface storage of natural gas has been contemplated by the

State Energy Commission (SECWA) since 1979 to assist in meeting peak demands

for the Perth, the south-western part of the State, and the Pilbara region

gas markets. According to the SECWA (1983), when the Northwest Shelf comes

into production and the Dongara field is no longer producing, the State

will be dependent for its gas supplies on one offshore gasfield (North

Rankin), with a single offshore pipeline and initially, a single production

platform.

Therefore a feasibility study to use the Dongara and the Woodada gas

fields (Plate 1, Figs 5, 6, 8, & 9) for storage of gas is being conducted

coinciding with the development of the Northwest Shelf gas resources and the

completion of the 1480 kmlong gas pipeline from Dampier to Perth. The

soon-to-be depleted Dongara gas field located 386 km north of Perth has

the capacity of storing up to 11.3 x 109m3 of gas. The second gas storage

field under consideration, the Woodada gas field, with a storage capacity

of about 0.7 x 109m3, is located 60 km south of the Dongara field. Both fields

are connected to the Dongara to Perth gas pepeline.

.., E

'" Q

x

10.

400-

-

329~==---===-==,=",===:===-======-~=-=-_ __ -... 325 ---,--

//

:::-r-----------,-------('/

200

I I I I I I I I

189+------f

100

/ / / / '

/ /

/ 83-+---/ -

O~ 1980

/ /

/

/ /

/

1982

Ye.r

./

1983 1984

(After SANTOS LTD 1984)

12/33

Fig. 2 Cooper Basin. Volumes of sales gas storage, 1980 -' 1983.

Para Fault N

Fig 3.

HINDMARSH

11.

CLAY

CAMBRIAN BEDROCK

POTENTIAL GAS STORAGE

o !

18 km I

(After S.A. Dept Mines 1979)

s

• lV~

St Vincent Basin coastal section show1ng potential sub-surface gas storage reservoirs.

iV

12.

New South Wales

The highly populated and industrialised areas of New South Wales

are one of the largest markets for natural gas in Australia. Natural gas

supplies are brought into these areas by long-distance pipeline (Moomba­

Sydney) 1300 km from the Cooper Basin in the northeast corner of South

Australia. During July 1982, an explosion in the western part of the Moomba

to Sydney pipeline threatened supplies to NSW markets, and highlighted the

need for a suitable gas storage facility to supply the major NSW markets

during times of emergency or peak demands.

For the past four years, the Australian Gas Light Comapny (AGL), NSW's

sole gas supplier, investigated a number of potential gas storage sites

in proximity to NSW markets. It conducted feasibility studies to store gas

in a disused coal mine, a depleted coal shaft, and in a number of aquifer

beds (Plate 1, Figs 10 & 11).

According to AGL, the disused coal mine (Burwood Colliery),

located near Newcastle, could store about four to five days' gas requirement

(approx. 40 x 106m3) for Newcastle, Sydney and Wollongong (Australian

Financial Review 30.7.82). Possibilities of storing gas in a depleted

gas producing coal shaft (Balmain Shaft) located in central metropolitan

Sydney is also being investigated by AGL (pers. comm. Mr T. Davis, AGL, June

1982). Gas produced from the Balmain Shaft was used during World War II

as an emergency fuel in motor vehicles. For this purpose, a production

rate of 3240 m3 per week was attained (Mayne et aI, 1974).

AGL is also investigating possibilities of storing gas in a number

of aquifers within the Sydney Basin (Plate 1, Figs. 10 & 11). These

potential storage reservoirs are favourably situated to the NSW gas

market and the existing gas pipeline. Their combined storage capacity

(Plate 1) would appear to be adequate to serve the NSW market for peak

shaving and security of supply. The current NSW daily demand is in the order

of 8 x 106m3.

13.

Northern Territory

During the past several years the Northern Territory Government has

given consideration to marketing natural gas in the Darwin area, particularly

of late in connection with electricity generation. Possible sources of this

gas have been remote fields in the Bonaparte Gulf and, more recently, fields

in the Amadeus Basin.

As all the possible supplies to Darwin are in remote locations, some

consideration has been given to possible storage in surface and sub-surface

(aquifer) facilities for peak demands. The information available indicates

that storage plans are currently at a very superficial level only.

Queensland and Tasmania

No developments in gas storage are known.

I I , . .:;

14. REFERENCES

AUSTRALIAN FINANCIAL REVIEW, THE -30 July 1982: 'Pipeline failure shows need for gas reserves'.

BATTERSBY, D.G., 1976 - Cooper Basin Gas and Oil Fields. In: LESLIE, R.B.,

Evans, H.I., & KNIGHT, C.L. (Eds), Economic geology of Australia

and Papua New Guinea. 3 Petroleum, Australian Institute of Mining and

Metallurgy, Monograph 7, 321-368.

COMMONWEALTH INDUSTRIAL GASES LTD AND GAS & FUEL CORPORATION OF VICTORIA

1981: A submission to the Institute of Engineers Australia,

Victorian Division for IEngineering Excellence Award on the liquid

Natural Gas Plant at Dandenong, Victoria.

DEPARTMENT OF MINES AND ENERGY, SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Mineral Industry Quarterly No. 11, Sept. 1978.

GAS AND FUEL CORPORATION OF VICTORIA: Annual Report 1980; Annual Report 1983.

HUDBAY OIL (AUSTRALIA) LTD., 1983 - Proposal to drill Woodada - 7

development well, EP 100 Western Australia (unpublished).

JONES, D.K., 1976 - Perth Basin, In: LESLIE, R.B., EVANS H.I., & KNIGHT, C.L. (Eds), Economic geology of Australia and Papua New Guinea. 3

Petroleum Australian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, . Monograph 7, 108-126.

MAYNE, S.J., NICHOLAS, E., BIGG-WITHER, A.L., RASIDI, J.S., & RAINE, M.J.,

1974 - Geology of the Sydney Basin - A Review. Bur. Miner. Resour.

Aust. Bull. 149

OZIMIC, S., 1979 - Petrological and Petrophysical study of Permian Arenites for Potential Subsurface storage of Natural Gas, Sydney Basin, NSW., Australia. APEA J. Vol. 19 pp. 115-130

SANTOS LTD: Annual R~port 1981; Annual Report 1982; Annual Report 1983.

STATE ENERGY COMMISSION, WESTERN AUSTRALIA, 1983: Natural Gas in Western Australia Rep. No.5.

DEPARTMENT OF RESOURCES AND ENERGY

COM PILED BY: S, OZIMIC, and L. PAIN DRAWN BY S, ANDREWS

STATUS LO CALITY MAP NUMBER(S) BASIN

FIELD(S)

POOL(S)

RESERVOIR(S)

OR SHAFT(S)

TYPE OF GAS STORED OR TO BE STORED

TYPE OF STORAGE

STORAGE CAPACITY X 10 6 m3

CURRENT VOLUME STORED X 10 6 m3

DEVELOPED

-~ 1 ) T

COOPER I

MOOMBA

Daralingie Beds

Daralingie Beds 1

1

I 1

1

I 1

I I

-¢-(SaleS gas)

-'-

Lower Daralingie Beds

~(Ethane)

PARTIALLY DEPLETED GAS BEARING FORMATIONS

N/A N/A

325 64

LOCALITY MAP Darwin

13 \

AUSTRALIAN SUB-SURFACE NATURAL GAS

-~2) T

PERTH I

(OPERATING AND POTENTIAL)

FEASIBILITY STUDIES IN PROGRESS -

13) T

I

.-14) T

.-I 5) T

DONGARA WOODADA STOCKYARD MOUNTAIN

WORON­ORA

Caryngina Formation

Caryngina Fm I I I I I I I I I

Irwin River Coal Measures

Irwin River C M I I

Caryngina Formation

-'--

Caryngina Fm I I I I I 1

I I 1

TO BE DEPLETED GAS FI ELDS

11270 680

Nowra Sandstone

-'--

Snapper Point Formation

Nowra Sst 1

I 1

1

Nowra Sandstone

Upper Nowra Sst

I I 1

I 1

I I Upper Sn~pper Pt Fm

130 180 92

STORAGES

-~6) T

DURAL SOUTH

Nowra Sandstone

Nowra Sst I I 1

I I 1

-17) 1

Nowra Sandstone

Nowra Sst I I I I I I

AQUIFERS

8878 922

-18)

SYDNEY

.-~ 9) T

EAST MAITLAND

Nowra Sandstone

Snapper Point Formation

Berry Fm/ Nowra Sst

I 1

1

1

1

1546

"-

Snapper Pt Fm I

4730

Muree Sandstone

Muree Sst I I I I I I

4994

1985/8 PLATE 1

BUREAU OF MINERAL RESOURCES, GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS.

RESOURCE ASSESSMENT DIVISION (PETROLEUM BRANCH)

-UOJ T

BALMAIN SHAFT

lIIawarra Coal Measures

-'-

Upper lIIawarra C M

I I I I I I I I I I I

-111 J T

BURWOOD COLLIERY

Newcastle Coal Measures

_"'-

Dudley Seam I I I I I I I I I I I I

DISUSED COAL SHAFTS/MINES

N/A ?40

~.~------------------------------------------------------------------------------NONE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------.~

MOOMBA STRUCTURAL CROSS-SECTION A-A'

M8 M9 M2 M4

PERTH BASIN

DONGARA STRUCTURAL CROSS SECTION B-B'

WOODADA SYDNEY BASIN STRUCTURAL CROSS SECTION C-C'

C 0 _ ~

... ! line of section Sub Sell SYDNEY BASIN

\ A c· 0 0 0 A' ~-~-~'----T--+-;-' m

B 0-14 012 0-8 0-15 0 -17 0-7, 1m)

ro,-,,,-,m-, ~----f=~~\--------~--~ shown in Fig.9) LOCATION OF POTENTIAL GAS STORAGE SITES ,-_______ ...:.R=OCK UNIT CORRELATION

\ / \NT I \ /

North Rankin ;$

Dampier

~ \ , "

.-" Ahee Spnngs OLD

~ IPaim Valley ,-- ______ 1

--~ WA

•

\ Dongara , 1i1i12,3

I

i P,nh~

~Piniarra ..___--

- Gil. pip.lin8s

- - - GIIS pipBlins (plllnnfld)

o Opsr8ting glls storage hu:;/it;lIs

Iii Potential gas storagB '"ciliritls

* Uquid nllturlll glls pftmt

* SIIIIJS glJs

... EtllIlDB

I © ... / Roma ........ Moomba , Rri"~

SA J _______ .~~ba,~

~

NSW

/ 4-1 1 .--.., fjI ewcastJe

St Vincent Adelaide'. Sydney Basin 12 / VIC '\. ......... ~donga Wollongong

Ballarat elbourne

~i tGippsland Basin D,"~~nong ~

~art

OPERATING & POTENTIAL GAS STORAGES

LOCATION MAP REFERENCE NUMBER ANO NAME

1---,--1 -....'M .... O""OM"'B .... A _____ _+__ 8 - KUR~RAJONG.HE ... IGH .. ,T"_S __ __ ~ - DONGARA _______ +_ 9 - EAST M,AITLAND ___ __

3 - WODDADA ___ 10 - BALMAIN SHAFT ___ _ 1--~ -:..- STOeKYAR,Il MOUNTA'-I'cN:-_- _-_-__ --+~~ I_I_= _BLJRWOODCOLL_IERY

~_~ WDIlONO'",:RA'---~ _ ___ -I-_"_1 ,.-.2 _- _ Sr.~rl.C ENT BASIN A.~E.."A _ _ -I ~6,-- DURAL SOUTH "13 - DARWIN ARE~~7.~_---j

7 - MULGOA _ _ ___ __ _ ~ - DA,NDE.!DNG LNG P_LA~-NcT~ _ _ -j

• Because of insufficient data, the potential sub- surlace gas storage zones are not depicted on Plate 1. L-__________ ~ _____ ______ ~

Figure 1

COOPER

BASIN

Figure 3

TATARIA,. UPPER TOOLACHH

1- - - - - STAGE 5 fORMATION

KAZA,.IAN

~ LOWER

STAG{ 5

ARTINSKIAN ~n:: UPPER

STAGE 4

51 AfiE 3

ROSEN~ATH

SHALE

EPSILON FORMATION

r.=URT=",::-i, SHAlf

PATCHA -

WARRA FORMATION

ARTINSKIAN

t----j- ---~ SAKMARIAN STAGE 2 ~AF~A~

MERRJMELIA FM

Figure 2 (After BatlelSby 1976)

Oalllm: Sea Level (After Ballersby, 1976

MOOMBA ~'- ,,---,\

,(, - I )j I /"' ....

t N

I fA \ / co \ \& ,MS • Moomba \

\ M9 '-~

o ,

\ 0 )

\ ~;M1 (

\ \M' \

Skm '-./'

A

I Modified after Battersbv, 1976

Figure 4

Sub Sea Lel/el B 1200

~--===-t-zl---=~~==~===== -~L: --~N --~ 1600

"J,)1 Pal I '"' , • Ft '" "~If~"\ .. 1000

2200

. ~ ~km -_ 2000 (line of sectron shown in Frg. 6) -

o BASAL TRIASSIC SST ~ WAGINA SST [E!IJ IRWIN RIVER eM P,w

8 KOCKATEA SHALE ffi CARYNGINIA fM D GAS lLTl Oil Oatum : Sea Level 2600

Figu re 5

DONGARA STRUCTURE CONTOURS ON TOP

OF BASAL TRIASSIC

[] 4km, '-- --~, B - - D-7

Depth in metres jAiler Jones !97tl Figure 6

(After Jones 1976) Datum: Sea Le~el

Figure 8

OSBORNE FM ~~':': 7;;:;

LO WER SOUTH PER TII 1- ::, ::"': ;: FM 1*., *

uPp," VARRAGADH F::-:::> FM :: :::: ::: ._ :_:

JURASSIC 1 IM~IDD~LEt~j~ I-c "'00' FM

LOW," ~""~I UPPER LESUEUR SST ::<

TRIASSIC MIDDLE WOODAOA FM ---

1> 1 r---1--;;";:;;",;;-:",-;;;,, t:_~ __ "-LOWER -_-_--:::

UPPER WAfi lPliA SST L,'_:, )"",~S;j

PERMIAN LOWER ~ ,;2 .....

."~ .. '\\ll!" :~:;..:~ F'gu,. 7 IAf"'J~

T,D.2663m

CARYNGINIA FORMATION

[] ~ 2 km ,---~,

(Alter Hudbay Oil (Australia ) ltd , 1983

WOODADA STRUCTURE CONTOURS ON TOP

OF CARYN GINA FORMATION

WOOd'dr/\~~ , ~ ".JO~ ~ I lj wL[{;~L:d2

~P~ \ j.'Y; I

I

~ 2rkm Datum: Sea level

j!\fter Hudbay Oi~Ausllali.!LlId , 19B;!L

Figure 9

III - S(mcrur" COlllour(m!

-- fJIIs/mgmalorplpeline

(\ 50'~

~' --~'

I All" O,;m;" 19791 Figure 1 0

4 6 2 DURAL KURRAJONG

1 WORONORA- l SOUTH-l HEIGHTS-l 7 STOCKYARD : 5, EAST

MOUN;TAIN - l i KrRKt;iAM-1 ! MUlGOA-2 ' MAITLANO- l

, ' : ' : I i , I" I ', , '.1' / : ' i2: GROUP : /122 /,jj' , :

1JJ.b i I'" ~ ~, ,,~ / /c~"., ~ )c'- \518 t- 'i(t ~." 14v--1B= 1,9 'o'S

I~ I 1\ aBO f I I~~ LBRING

4901'1""\' 1\ ~ \ GROUP A i~ l:E S 'LTSTONE

616 ,6fq~ '\ I , _16'" , I 1 I MUREE

9OUt- ~ l::' i ~18B. ' " ',OA wll 168012

:oiii~ c:J &",~ I <~ IIll I~_ V .. BRANXTON

['::k?;" ~-' L C= r~ r FOR MATION

. :: ' ~~~ I~=k'o~~ Vl~Jrp ; 00;'; 'h I , r- ~g~UCR~~L II, ~--;, t'.'-: ~0. 'd'N'':- NE"6;,. V ' IFARL RUTHER FORO

1 1 \1B.,,,,,,"0E,,,,,, •• ~ ~'" l~~ mil FORMAT'ON

"12 ',",~:,~~v~, f." i8i6, ~ WASP HEAD I \180 Z lB f:: [.:>

FORMAT'ON m~t;: \' 1-j:~:'"":~:::3' r:,~I.A LL ,NO ,'IF

i56;; - ~;~'.;P 1/' FORMATION 1',: 3049,G 1 ~ ~P~~Bc~~~.BEACH ~ FORMATION

DEpth in metres ~' Ma",.' " 19741 Figure 11

AUSTRALIAN GAS STORAGES SUMMARY SHEET AUST: 1/84

12/40

, I