future role of dso with large-scale dersfuture role of dso with large-scale ders co-operation...

ideal grid for all

Future role of DSO with large-scale DERs

Co-operation workshop of ENERGY 2013.7.1.1 projects

Aachen, Germany

19th of March 2015

ideal grid for all 10/04/2015 WWW.IDE4L.EU – ”Future role of DSO with large-scale DERs” SLIDE 2

Agenda

9.00 – 9.30 – Introduction

9.30 – 10.30 – IDE4L Project presentation

10.30 – 11.00 – Coffee break

11.00 – 11.45 – DREAM Project presentation

11.45 – 12.30 – evolvDSO Project presentation

12.30 – 13.30 – Lunch Break

13.30 – 14.15 – INCREASE project presentation

14.15 – 15.00 – Related projects: CEER, ELECTRA

15.00 – 16.00 – Coffee Break & Collection, grouping and selection of discussion topics

16.00 – 18.00 – Discussion

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Purpose of the workshop

• The aim of the workshop is to discuss and conclude about the future role of DSO

10/04/2015 WWW.IDE4L.EU - ”Future role of DSO with large-scale DERs” SLIDE 3

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10 questions

1. Consider the most relevant outputs of your project for DSOs. When you expect these solutions (concepts or technical solutions) to be feasible and profitable for DSOs compared to passive network design?

2. Which EU distribution automation trends does your project/concept fit into and how?

3. Which information would the DSO need, to observe the impacts of intermittent distributed energy resources (DG, DR, storage)?

4. What is the expected requirement for supply reliability (power quality and supply reliability) and how that might be reached?

5. What kinds of technologies and functionalities DSOs will need to utilize for occasional congestion management?


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10 questions

6. What flexibilities, services and technological solutions are available to the DSO to host increasing RES and DERs?

7. According to your active network concept what for, when (which year) and where DSO will purchase flexibility services?

8. How the coordination of flexibility resources between DSO, TSO, retailer, balance responsible party, etc. should be realized?

9. What kind of standardization is needed for information exchange needs in active networks?

10. How should the regulation framework be changed for realizing your concept of active network?


ideal grid for all 10/04/2015 WWW.IDE4L.EU - ”Future role of DSO with large-scale DERs” SLIDE 6

• IDE4L project overview

• ANM concept and distributed automation architecture

• Interactions of commercial and technical aggregator

• Breakthroughs of monitoring

• Breakthroughs of control

• How IDE4L will change business (of DSO)?

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From concept to demonstrations

1. Defining the concepts • Active network (D2.1)

• Automation for active network management (D3.1)

• Aggregator system (D6.1)

2. Developing planning methods and automation functionality

3. Building and running the demonstrations in: • Denmark (Østkraft Holding A/S)

• Italy (A2A Reti Electtriche SpA)

• Spain (Unión Fenosa Distribución, S.A.)

4/10/2015 WWW.IDE4L.EU- ”Future role of DSO with large-scale DERs” SLIDE 7

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Main objectives

• Demonstrate the automation system and selected use cases for active distribution network

• Develop an advanced distribution network automation system enabling utilization of flexibility services of DERs and their aggregators

• Develop advanced functions for monitoring and control of the whole network

• Fault location, isolation and supply restoration (FLISR)

• Congestion management and voltage control

• Interactions between distribution and transmission operators


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Expected outcomes

• Planning tools to design active distribution network and to evaluate costs and benefits of developed concept and technical solutions.

• Advanced automation system will extend monitoring and control functions deep in the distribution network.

• Increment of network hosting capacity for DG

• Management of fast changing conditions and integration of large number of DG and DR

• Use of standards, like IEC 61850, for reusability and general applicability to other EU scenarios

• Aggregation of information from small-scale DERs and flexibility services for distribution network management


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Expected outcomes

• The same automation infrastructure will be utilized to enhance the distribution network reliability

• Automatic fault location, isolation and supply restoration algorithm will be developed and demonstrated to improve the reliability of distribution network.

• Design of a universal controller to enable flexible operations of microgrids, smoothly transitioning from grid-supporting mode, grid-connected mode and islanded mode, while guaranteeing quality of service.


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IDE4L automation architecture: Physical overview


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1. Integration and participation of DERs in the automation system

1. Integration: hosting capacity and reliability increase • Congestion management and power control distributed at MV, LV and

control center levels

• FLISR: both centralized and decentralized, permit to reduce the effects in terms of duration and extension of faults in the grid

2. Participation into the automation system: • Directly: in case of congestions or voltage issues, via active/reactive

power injection

• Indirectly: scheduled reprofiling (SRPs) and conditional reprofiling (CRPs) are traded through the commercial aggregator.


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2. Extension of monitoring and control functions


Measurement acquisition Primary Substation

Automation Unit

(PSAU)

Secondary Substation

Automation Unit

(SSAU)

MV power control DMS /control center

Control center power

control

Network and

protection description

update

Grid tariff

TSO

Secondary

Substation level

Primary Substation

level

Control center

Level

Microgrid level

DERs level

Buy/sell CRP (conditional re-profiling) service

Reconnection to main grid

Network

reconfiguration

Market agent

Microgrid central

controller

Commercial aggregator

Buy/sell SRP (Scheduled re-profiling) service

State estimation and forecast

Measurement acquisition

LV power control


Transmission

system level

Market level Trade of SRPs and CRPs

Microgrid power control


Collection of dynamic

informations

Level at which automation is

performed Actor

Function

FLISR Primary substation

IED

Secondary substation

IED

HEMS

Market operator

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3. Wide applicability in European context 1. Smart Grid Architecture Model (SGAM) and the Use Case

Methodology [1] • Collection of use cases

• Definition of components, functions, communication protocol, standards, business framework

2. Integration of other EU project architectures (INTEGRIS, ADDRESS) • Evolution of existing and tested architectures

3. Implementation base: • Semantic models

• Standardized data models (IEC 61850 and CIM data models)

• Information exchanged (defined in terms of protocols and communication requirements)


[1] Smart Grid Coordination Group, CEN-CENELEC-ETSI, Tech. Rep., 2012

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Aggregators

• Technical aggregator • Validates the submitted offers:

• Off-line Validation Tool (OLV)

• Real-Time Validation Tool (RTV)

• Purchases flexibility services for avoiding network constraints

• Calculates and provides the Flexibility Table (Limits for each Load Area)

• Commercial aggregator • Segmentation of consumers/prosumers with similar behaviour

• Consumption forecast

• Market prices forecast

• Estimation of consumers´ behaviour /flexibility

Determination of market bids

• Commercial optimal planning

Maximization of aggregator profit

10/04/2015 WWW.IDE4L.EU - ”Future role of DSO with large-scale DERs”

SLIDE 17


Chain of events (day-ahead electricity market)

FS sell bidding

FS buy bidding

Market closure

Bids validation

(OPF)

Grid validation

Settlement

Aggregator Market Players

Market Closure

DSO TSO Settlement

Price signals to

prosumers (primary

controller HEMS,

MGC)

Aggregator sells SRP

products.

Players buy these

products for satisfying

their needs

DSO/TSO Off-

line validation

process


Commercial Aggregator: DR standardization

Products Conditionality Example

Scheduled re-

profiling (SRP)

Unconditional

(obligation)

The aggregator has the obligation to provide

flexibility services

Conditional re-

profiling (CRP)

Conditional

(real option)

The aggregator must have the capacity to

provide flexibility services


Commercial Aggregator key functions

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What’s missing? • Decentralized/Standard automation

• Centralized model / non-standard

• Decentralized model / standard-based

• LV grid • EV, PV, HP and demand-response

schemes mainly affect the LV grid

• Monitor the LV grid

• TSO-DSO interaction • Today’s models of distribution

networks are no longer valid

• Need of dynamic information

• Data management • Data coming from heterogeneous

system

• Correlate and validate MV&LV data



Hierarchical automation system Control center

DMSMonitoring

Control

PSAU

Operator Operator

SSAU

Monitoring

Control

Monitoring

Control

Grid Level

MV level

LV level

PSAU PSAU

SSAU SSAU

1. Cooperation with commercial

aggregator and Electrical market

2. Decision of Grid tariff

3. Collection and harmonization of

measurements at grid level

4. Coordination of PSAUs

5. Coordination of secondary controllers

1. Coordination of FLISR

2. Control of PS IEDs (OLTC,

capacitors)

3. Collection and harmonization

of measurements at MV level

4. Coordination of SSAUs

5. Secondary power control

1. Control of SS IEDs (OLTC,

capacitors, DGs)

2. Collection and harmonization

of measurements at LV level

(smart meters)

3. Secondary power control

4. Decentralized FLISR


IEC 61850 Protection Function Parameters Update • Background

• 28% of the malfunctions of protection functions are already caused by wrong configurations according to the North America Electric Reliability Corporation last report

• Changes in topology for fault restoration and optimization purposes

• Impact of high rate of DG connection

• Objetive Process to change remotely functional parameters and data subscriptions in peer to peer communications without interrupting operation

• Proposed Schema • Protection, monitoring and control functions modelled with

standardized Logical Nodes

• Use of MMS messages to update: • LN setting values

• GOOSE ID subscriptions


Decentralized IEC 61850 FLISR Solution

• Objetive Decentralized FLISR Schema based on IEC61850 GOOSE messages that contemplates different interruption technologies at distribution level, islanding mode protection and new IEC 61850 guidelines

• Proposed Schema • Protection functions modelled with standardized Logical

Nodes

• Decentralized logic selectivity using GOOSE messages • 1st Isolation Step

• 2nd Isolation Step

• Fault Restoration Algorithm

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Power quality: flicker mitigation in MV/LV networks with short-term storages • Concept:

• The design of the system and its controller will be the main contributions of the project.


Grid

Short-term

storage

Load

Control system

V(k

V)

V(k

V)

(acts a as a “flicker”

emmiter)

with flicker

component clean voltage

waveform

ideal grid for all 10/04/2015 WWW.IDE4L.EU - ”Future role of DSO with large-scale DERs”

SLIDE 28

Islanded Operation of microgrids

DROOP

Grid Emulator 200 kVA

1. Implement a smart interconnection Switch capable to communicate with the secondary substation with IEC61850 MMS messages for protections coordination

2. Develop an improved droop control scheme to permit islanded operation with only renewable sources interfaced with power electronics

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Tertiary control for network congestion management

• Basic tasks • Management of the whole network

• Connection to the market place

• Control functions • Automation of flexibility services to DSO (off-line and real-time

validation)

• Economic optimization of network operation

• Slow restoration after network faults

• Properties • No direct control of DER. DER activated through the market place

• Day ahead + on demand operation

• Location within control center


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Secondary control for network congestion management

• Basic tasks • Automatic control of a local network

• Coordinated operation with upper level as well as same level controllers

• Control functions • Coordinated voltage control (OPF)

• Real time operation + congestion forecasting

• Properties • No connection to the market place. Only direct control - predefined

contracts, grid code requirements and DSO’s resources

• Located at secondary and primary substations


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How IDE4L will change business (of DSO)?

• Active network becomes an option for network reinforcement • Postponing investments of physical infrastructure by smart

functionalities (flexibility for planning of uncertain future)

• Replacing network reinforcement with smart functionalities (savings)

• Planning methods • Operational planning (day-ahead)

• Forecasting

• Scheduling of control actions and purchasing of flexibility services

• Expansion planning • Roadmap to target (what, when, how much)

• Postponing vs. always heading towards target

• Target network planning (40-50 years ahead) • Building a vision and possible scenarios

• Green field approach Optimal MV network for given supply and consumption points


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EMS

How IDE4L will change business (of DSO)?


Distributed

Active Network /

Customer

N-1 design

PV, EV, heat pumps, …

SCADA / DMS

Primary control of DER

Commercial Aggregator

Decentralized FLISR

AMR Centralized (DERs

and intelligence)

AMI

SAU with functions

Microgrid

Feeder automation

Passive Network /

Customer

Technical Aggregator

SAU

Wind, hydro, …

System of microgrids

PMU

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Thank you

future role of dso with large-scale dersfuture role of dso with large-scale ders co-operation...

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