functions of communication.ppt

7/27/2019 FUNCTIONS OF COMMUNICATION.ppt

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Chapter 1

Human Communication:

What and Why


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Chapter HighlightCommunication, as we will studyit in this book, possesses three

important characteristics: It occurs between humans

It is a process

It is symbolic


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Communication Defined Communication as we know it is

not a discrete individual act or aseries of incidents pasted likephotograph.

Communication is a continuous on-going process

It is like a motion picture in whichthe meaning comes from theunfolding of interrelated series ofimage.


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Communication is Symbolic Symbols are used to represent

things, processes, ideas, or event inways that make communicationpossible.

Effective communication depends onagreement among people aboutthese rules.

Symbolic meaning is not onlyapplicable to verbal behaviors butalso non-verbal behaviorscommunication


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Types of Communication Intrapersonal Communication

Communication with one self

Dyadic/Interpersonal Communication

two person interacting

identical to interpersonalcommunication

interpersonal communication is notlimited to two persons only

Small Group Communication Public Communication

Mass communication


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Types of Communication

Small Group Communication

Common fixtures of everyday life

Posses characteristics that are notpresent in a dyad

Example, two or more members ofgroup can form a coalition to

defend their position against othermembers

Continuation


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Types of Communication Public Communication

occurs when a group become toolarge for all members to contribute

one characteristic of a group isan unequal amount of speaking

limited verbal feedbacks

Mass communication messages that are transmitted to

large, widespread audience viaelectronic and print media.

Continuation


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Functions of Communication1. Physical Needs

absence of satisfying communication can

even jeopardize life itself

medical researchers have identified a wide

range of hazards that result from lack ofclose relationship

Example:

i. People who lack strong relationships have two orthree times the risk of early death

ii. Terminal cancer strike socially isolated peoplemore than those who have close relationship

iii. Divorced, separated, and widowed people are tentimes more likely to need hospitalization formental problem


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Functions of Communication

1. Physical NeedsExample:

iv. Pregnant women under stress and withoutsupportive relationships have three timesmore complications than pregnant who sufferfrom the same stress but have strong socialsupport

v. Socially isolated people are four times moresusceptible to the common cold than thosewho have active social networks.

Continuation


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2. Identity Needs

a. Shape Identity

Enable us to learn who we are as a person

Deprived of communication, we have no sense

of identityExample: Wild Boy of Aveyron

spent his early childhood withouthuman contact

could not speak/lack identity as a

human Genie

spent her life in empty, darkbedroom

Continuation


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2. Identity Needs2. Attempt to get others to view us the way we

want them to do so

3. Social Needs

1. Beside helping to define who we are,communication provides a vital link with others

Example: Pleasure, to have good time,affection,inclusion, escape, control

4. Practical Needs

1. Is the tools that let us tell the stylist how wewant our hair to be cut or let the doctor knowwhere it hurts.

2. Key to effectiveness in a variety of everydaysettings

Continuation


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Modeling Communication

1. Linear Model


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1. Linear Model

a. A sender encodes ideas andfeeling into some sort of message

and then conveys them to areceiver who decodes them

b. One important element of thelinear model is the communicationchannel - the method by whichmessage is conveyed betweenpeople


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1. Linear Model

c. Linear model introduces theconcept of noise - a term used by

social scientist to describe anyforces that interfere with effectivecommunication

b. Three types of noises

1. Physiological2. Psychological

3. External


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2. Transactional Model

a. The way most communicationoperates

b. Simultaneous sending andreceiving of messages

c. Communication is fluid, not static

d. Communication is relational, not

individual


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What Makes an Effective Communicator

Characteristic of CommunicationCompetence

a. There is no ideal way to

communicateb. Competence is situational

c. Competence is relational

d. Communication can be learned


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Continuation

Characteristic of EffectiveCommunicators

a. Able to choose a wide range ofbehaviors

c. Ability to choose the mostappropriate behaviors

d. Posses skill at performingbehaviors

e. Empathy/Perspective taking

f. Cognitive complexity

g. Self-monitoring


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Communication does not alwaysrequires complete understanding

More communication is not alwaysbetter

Communication is not always a goodthing

Communication will not solve allproblems

Meaning rest in people, not words

Communication is not simple

Clarifying misconception

about communication

functions of communication.ppt

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