functional models
TRANSCRIPT
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A comparative case study of functional models to support systemarchitecture design
Sonia Ben Hamida abc , Antoine Grandou b, Marija Jankovic b, laudia !ckert d, Alain Huet a , Jean"Boc#uet b
a AIRBUS Defence & Space, Les Mureaux, FrancebEcole Centrale Paris, C atena!"Malabr!, Francec Institut # e Rec erc e $ec nolo%i ue S!ste'(, Palaiseau, France# )pen Uni*ersit!, Milton +e!nes, En%lan#
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A comparative case study of functional models to support systemarchitecture design
• Why modelling functions matters?
onte$t
• Improving understanding and knowledge capture
Motivation
• Case study, Approaches selection & Evaluation criteria
Methodology
• Advantages and limits for each approach
%esults
• Complementary use of modelling methods
&iscussion and onclusion
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onte$t
System architecture' “(1) the arrangement of functional ele'ents ; (2) thfrom functional elements to p !sical co'ponents ; (3) the specification of the
among interacting physical components” (Ulrich, 1995)= functional architecture = one facet of system architecture
(unctions' allow to translate needs into physical structures that will meet those needs!ut “ no clear and uniform definition of a function !oreo"er, it seems i'possiblefunction o#$ecti"ely” (Umeda et al , 1995)
(unction modelling' a formal way to define and model functions= framework for overall system description!ut more than )* different function modelling approaches (%rden et al , 2&&
am"iguity in functional description
A comparative case study of functional models to support systemarchitecture design
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Motivation
#ain purposes of functional description (*omiyama, 2&13)+$epresent the purpose of the artefact
E%plain the behavior, structureCapture customer re#uirementsIllustrate the overvie+ of the system
ifficulties to use function modelling in industry environment'(ractice' ) e"er used it”, “ o added "alue”, “ ot practical” (*omiyama et al , 2&13)Identify the distance "etween the model and the systemIdentify if elements have "een missed*nderstand rationales
A comparative case study of functional models to support systemarchitecture design
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%esearch design
Case study' esign of an intelligent refrigerator (-e.is et al, 2&13)Which new services to enhance customer satisfaction?
+election of the four modelling approaches'
A comparative case study of functional models to support systemarchitecture design
Approach Selected because
(ro"lem definition process (*huillier et al , 2&1&) s applied by industry to compl
unction-!ehavior-+tate (/himomura et al , 199') s one of the only process ori
unctional representation to support ideageneration (0ha ra#ati et al , 2&&5)
takes into account e$isting soluti
Affordances (0ormier et al , 2&13) s user"centric
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Selected criteria
ndustry criteria %esearch criteria Su''ers, -./01
$efine operational scenario until elementaryoperation and function Scalability, -remature commitment, onstructio
+pecifies functional interface "etween elementaryfunctions onstruction
+pecifies "ehavior of elementary function Behavior
#ap Elementary function and flow on physical itemsand links onsistency
.erification capa"ilities /consistency checks0 onsistency
+imulate simple "ehavior Behavior
$eada"ility of models /easiness to review ,communicate and present to non-specialist0 .isibility
Ease of use1Ergonomics (le$ibility, loseness of mapping, !proneness
A comparative case study of functional models to support systemarchitecture design
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%esults )/ -roblem definition process
+tep-"y-step systematic method
Completeness of the model?$ationale of the model
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unction' )description of "ehavior a"stracted "yhuman through recognition of the behavior forutili0ation 2
3hinking of functions and theirperformances at the same time
iscovering functions through a top-down4"ottom-up approach
(oor reada"ility and not functionalalternatives management
%esults 1/ (unction"Behavior"State approach
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%esults 2/ (unctional representation to support idea generation
unction' )description of the action or effectre#uired "y a design pro"lem, or that issupplied by a solution 2
+imilarities of the pro"lem to tackle withe%isting systems
ifficult with an increased num"er ofcomponents and interactions
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&iscussion
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onclusion
!uilding and using functional models is not straightfor+ard in stages
We have identified four approaches with regard to their applindustry
We discussed the merit and limits of each of them, and the com
use of these modelling methods
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%eferences
65 +himomura, #5 6oshioka, 75 3akeda, 65 *meda, 35 3omiyama, $epresentation of design o"8ect "ased on the functional evolution process model, 9ournal of #echanical esign5:;< /: >0 ;;:4;; 5(5 Cormier, A5 lewnik, @5 ewis, 3owards a ormaliBation of Affordance #odeling in the Early +tages of esign, in' A+#E ;