Fully coupled modelling of complex sand controlled completions

Michael Byrne

Outline

• Background

• Objectives

• Reservoir, Fluid Properties and Pressure

• Validating Modelling Fluid Flow Through Inflow Control Device (ICD)

• Sector Model Geometry and Results

• Complete Model Geometry and Results

• Summary

13

85

m

17

17

m

18

08

.4m

17

37

m

21

95

.1m

25

02

.9m

25

95

.8m

2

61

9.1

m

27

37

.7m

Sector 1: To Be Recompleted

332m

Sector 2 20m

Sector 3 71.4m

Sector 4 386.7m

Sector 5 307.8m

Sector 6 92.9m

Sector 7 23.3m

Sector 8 118.6m

9-5/8” 40# Casing, 12spf – 5-1/2” SAS

9-5/8” 40# Casing and 7” 29# Casing

6-5/8” SAS 5-1/2” SAS

Sector 1 Reservoir B1 Sand (10D) Annular Perm’ 5D Completion 9-5/8” 40# Cased + Perf’ 5-1/2” SAS + ICD

Completion 9-5/8” 40# Casing Completion

7” 29# Casing

Sector 4 Reservoir B1 Sand (10D) Annular Perm’ 5D Completion 9” Open Hole 1 port 33 x 6-5/8” SAS (1 SP)

Sector 5 Reservoir A3 Sand (2D) Annular Perm’ 1D Completion 9” Open Hole 1 x 6-5/8” SAS (1 SP) 10 port Crossover 25 x 5-1/2” SAS (1 SP) 10 port

Reservoir B1 Sand (10D) Annular Perm’ 5D Completion 9” Open Hole 8 x 5-1/2” SAS (1 SP) 1 port

Reservoir A3 Sand (2D) Annular Perm’ 1D Completion 9” Open Hole 2 x 5-1/2” SAS (1SP) 1 port

Sector 8 Reservoir A3 Sand (2D) Annular Perm’ 1D Completion 9” Open Hole 9 x 5-1/2” SAS (1SP) 10 port2

Well Length = 1352.7m Split into 4 Completion sections and

8 Reservoir sectors

Sector 4 B1 Sand

Sector 5 A3 Sand

Sector 6 B1 Sand

Sectors 7 + 8 A3 Sand

Sector 1 B1 Sand

Typical Sector 1 set-up, 1000’s of Perforations Background

Objectives

The modeling was undertaken with the following objectives: 1. To determine if addition of a new cased and perforated interval would

improve well oil productivity and retain production from original open hole section.

2. To quantify the productivity of 12 shots per foot (spf) vs 6 spf vs OH options. (The open hole option here is included merely as a benchmark).

3. To determine the productivity of the cased and perforated interval when connected to the existing open hole section.

Reservoir, Fluid Physical Properties and Pressure

Reservoir Section Length (m) Completion Type FluidNo of ICDs

and SAS

No of ICD

Ports Open

Reservoir

Permeability (mD)

Annulus

Permeability (mD)

S01 332 12 SPF Oil 28 10 10,000 5,000

S02 20 Casing Shoe N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

S03 71.4 Casing Shoe N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

S04 386.7 Open Hole Water 31 1 10,000 12.15

S05 307.8 Open Hole Water 26 10 2,000 2.45

S06 92.9 Open Hole Water 8 1 10,000 12.15

S07 23.3 Open Hole Water 2 1 2,000 2.45

S08 118.6 Open Hole Water 9 10 2,000 2.45

Fluid Property Vermillion Oil Vermillion Water

Density (kg/m3) 889 1,016

Viscosity (cP) 15.0 0.6

Reservoir Pressure (psi) 783

OH Bottom Hole Flow Pressure (psi) 682

C&P Bottom Hole Flow Pressure (psi) 673

Validating Fluid Flow Through Inflow Control Device (ICD)

ICD open nozzles 10 Ports

CFD Modelling

ICD open nozzles 10 Ports

Validating Fluid Flow Through Inflow Control Device (ICD)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Pre

ssu

re D

rop

Acr

oss

IC

D (

psi

)

Water Volume Flow Rate (bpd)

Pressure Drop Across ICD

1 Port Open Actual

1 Port Open CFD

0

20

40

60

80

100

40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Pre

ssu

re D

rop

Acr

oss

IC

D (

psi

)

Oil Volume Flow Rate (bpd)

Pressure Drop Across ICD

2 Port Open Actual

2 Port Open CFD

Pressure Drop for1 Port Open, 50 bpd of water: from 30 psi to 14 psi (16 psi pressure drop)

Excellent Correlation Between CFD Pressure Drop and Measured Pressure Drop

Open Hole Sector Model (1 Joint ~ 39 ft Long) Geometry

ICD Drainage Layer Wellbore Annulus Reservoir

Drainage Layer Length

Detail Completion Modelling

C & P 6 spf Sector Model (1 Joint ~ 39 ft Long) Geometry

Detail Completion Modelling

C & P 12 spf Sector Model (1 Joint ~ 39 ft Long) Geometry

Detailed Completion Modelling

Pressure Drop Calculation

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Reservoir Inlet Wellbore Inlet MicroAnnulus Inlet Drain Holes Inlet

Pre

ssu

re (p

si)Pressure Drop

10 Darcy Permeability

The major pressure loss component in the system is at the ICD, proving that the ICD is the dominant factor that influences the fluid inflow into the well

Inflow Performance Comparison

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

Open Hole 12SPF 6SPF

Vo

lum

e F

low

Rat

e (

bb

l/d

ay)

Comparison of Inflow Performance

130 psi (local) Pressure Draw Down

• The C & P configuration introduces further restriction (pressure drop) hence less flow rate • The ICD in all three cases had 10 ports open to minimize its influence.

Productivity Index

y = 2.7065x + 13.626

y = 4.278x + 32.994

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

Vo

lum

e F

low

Rat

e (

bb

l/d

ay)

(Local) Pressure Draw Down (psi)

Inflow Performance Against Drawdown

6 SPF

12SPF

Linear (6 SPF)

Linear (12SPF)

• For the 12 spf configuration, increasing the drawdown results in higher inflow compared to the 6 spf configuration – hence higher Productivity Index • 12 spf is to be used for the complete model

C&P Completion Flow Structure Near the Wellbore

Hee

l

Toe

Insignificant pressure drop from reservoir to wellbore annulus away from the ICD and drainage layer ~ No inflow away from the drainage layer

The Complete Geometry: 12 spf C&P coupled to OH Completion

332 m of 12 SPF C&P 28 x Stand Alone Screen (SAS) , 28 x Inflow Control Device (ICD) More than 10,000 Perforations

930 m of OH 76 x Stand Alone Screen (SAS) , 76 x Inflow Control Device (ICD)

Over 500 million cells For multiphase runs up to 30,000 iterations Using 1024 parallel cores.......48 hours to convergence

Water Production; OH Completion On Its Own

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

S04 OH Only S05 OH Only S06 OH Only S07 OH Only S08 OH Only

Vo

lum

e F

low

Rat

e (

bp

d)

Reservoir Section

OH Completion Only

S04 OH Only

S05 OH Only

S06 OH Only

S07 OH Only

S08 OH Only

Section S05, despite having lower reservoir permeability and shorter length than the section S04, produces most of the water, due to all 10 ICD ports being open, compared to just 1 port being open on the S04 section; indicating that the ICD is the dominant factor to control the flow rate

10 D Permeability 1 ICD Port Open 386.7 m long

2 D Permeability 10 ICD Port Open 307.8 m long

10 D Permeability 1 ICD Port Open 92.9 m long

2 D Permeability 1 ICD Port Open 23.3 m long

10 D Permeability 10 ICD Port Open 118.6 m long

Water and Oil Production; Coupled C&P and OH

8,3336,976

13,80114,667

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

Water: OH Only Water: C&P + OH Oil: C&P + OH Oil: C&P Only

Vo

lum

e F

low

Rat

e (

bp

d)

Water & Oil Volume Flow Rate

• When the C&P recompletion section is connected to the existing OH completion, there is reduction in both the water and oil production compared to OH and C&P on their own • This is expected as the water and oil flow would “work against each other”, and it suggests the importance of modelling the entire well as one system

Flow Structure Around the ICD and the Tubing Outlet

Red : 100% Oil Blue : 100% Water

ICD Near the Heel

The 1st ICD in the C&P Section

Tubing Outlet

A cross section through the 1st ICD in the C&P Section

Summary

• A complex numerical challenge was solved using CFD and HPC

•Addition of the new completion will improve well productivity and still preserve drainage from the open hole section

• The sector model sensitivity runs proved that the perforations located away from the drainage layer of the screens had minimal contribution to the well’s productivity

• The sector models also proved that in terms of productivity, the OH ranked the best followed by the 12spf and 6spf completion

• ICD is the dominant factor in controlling the flow rate

• There is a considerable importance to model the C&P well and the OH well as one fully connected system

Acknowledgements

• Dr. Lesmana Djayapertapa, Ken Watson, Senergy •Barry Goodin, Vermilion Oil & Gas Australia Pty Ltd •Ken Ichihashi for his significant contribution in the early stages of this study • Vermillion and Senergy Management for permission to publish this material

Slide 20

Thank You Any Questions ?