fscn1905 fall 2012
TRANSCRIPT
FSCN 1905: Library Research
Who am I?
Megan Kocher• Librarian for 3 departments:
– Food Science and Nutrition– Animal Science– Soil, Water, and Climate
• [email protected]• 612-625-3605
Agenda
• Intro to Library home page• What is a scholarly article?• Keywords• Search tips• Databases• Citation
Review Articles vs. Research Articles
Research Articles
Research articles in the sciences are generally reports of experiments or other forms of analysis. They introduce the topic, explain how the work was done, what resulted, and how that results might be interpreted. Research articles are considered primary sources because they contain the original research information and/or data.
Parts of a Research Article
• Introduction• Materials and Methods• Results• Discussion• Conclusions• Bibliography or Literature Cited or
References
Review Articles
Review articles are generally written by experts in the fields, and they provide an overview of a topic. They are often referred to as secondary literature, since they do not directly report on an experiment or other new idea.
What do Review Articles Do?
• Provide background• Include a bibliography of the primary
research literature• Help you identify a narrower area of
interest
Brainstorming Keywords
Effects of baconOn fetal development
BaconSwineHogdevelopment
Effects of Maternal cholesterol
MaternalPrenatalFetal dev.cholesterol
Search Tips
• Combine ideas or sets with AND– Using "AND" is a form of Boolean Searching (and, or,
not). – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oa66AxTbjxA&featur
e=youtu.be&t=3m19s
• Use the subject terms the database provides, to be comprehensive
• Use a wildcard (*) to get words with various endings– forest* (= forest, forests, forestry, forester)– signal*– father*
Databases
• Google Scholar• Pubmed• Ovid Medline• FSTA
Exercises
Citing Sources & Avoiding Plagiarism
University of Minnesota Definition of Plagiarism
Plagiarism shall mean representing the words, creative work, or ideasof another person as one's own without providing proper documentationof source.
Examples• Copying information word for word from a source without usingquotation marks and giving proper acknowledgement by way of footnote, endnote, or in-text citation;• Representing the words, ideas, or data of another person as one'sown without providing proper attribution to the author throughquotation, reference, in-text citation, or footnote;• Producing, without proper attribution, any form of workoriginated by another person, such as a musical phrase, a proof, aspeech, an image, experimental data, laboratory report, graphicdesign or computer code;• Paraphrasing, without sufficient acknowledgment, ideas taken fromanother person that the reader might reasonably mistake as theauthor's.• Borrowing various words, ideas, phrases, or data from originalsources and blending them with one's own without acknowledging thesources.
How to use other people’s words and ideas
Summarizing
• Text is much shorter than original
• Must use your own words
• Must cite original source
Paraphrasing
• Text may be shorter or longer than original
• Must use your own words
• Must cite original source
Quoting
• Text is exact length of original.
• Uses original author’s exact words
• Uses quotation marks or block quotes
• Includes page number
• Must cite original source
Exercise
Original quotation:"Roosevelt first used the term Square Deal following the settlement of a mining strike in 1902 to describe the ideal of peaceful coexistence between big business and labour unions. The Square Deal concept was later largely incorporated into the platform of the Progressive Party, when Roosevelt was its presidential candidate in 1912" (Britannica, p. 184).
Example 1
Paraphrase: Roosevelt invented THE TERM SQUARE DEAL after the MINING STRIKE IN 1902 was settled TO DESCRIBE THE IDEAL OF PEACEFUL cooperation BETWEEN BIG BUSINESS AND LABOR UNIONS. THE SQUARE DEAL CONCEPT WAS LATER LARGELY worked INTO THE PLATFORM OF THE PROGRESSIVE PARTY, WHEN ROOSEVELT WAS ITS PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE IN 1912. Is it plagiarism?Why?• Substituting new words, and changing a few words around
in the sentences doesn't make it a paraphrase!• The structure of the two sentences is virtually identical. • There is no citation (Britannica, p.184) at the end of the paraphrase, pointing out the source of the information.
YES!
Example 2
Paraphrase: Roosevelt first used the term Square Deal to describe the ideal of peaceful coexistence between big business and labor unions, although it was later largely incorporated into the platform of the Progressive Party, when Roosevelt was its presidential candidate in 1912 (Britannica, p. 184). Is it plagiarism?Why?• Omitting a few words from the sentences doesn’t make it a paraphrase! • The structure of the paraphrase is still almost identical to that of the original quotation. • OK—at least this person used a citation at the end of the “paraphrase”!
YES!
Example 3
Paraphrase: Although originally used in reference to relationships between companies and labor unions, the Square Deal ultimately became a component of the Progressive party platform in 1912. Is it plagiarism?
Why?•The author did not cite the original source.
YES!
Example 4
Paraphrase: Although originally used in reference to relationships between companies and labor unions, the Square Deal ultimately became a component of the Progressive party platform in 1912 (Britannica, p. 184).
Is it plagiarism?
Why?• Summarized in author’s own words.• Cites source
No!
Image CreditsSCRTD – Employee Aerobic Class RTD_1481_11, CC BY-NC-SA, Metro Transportation Library and Archive,FlickrIMCOM-E Fitness Day 2010, CC BY-NC, Herald Post, FlickrBibliography, CC BY-NC, papertrix, Flickr