frram rela
TRANSCRIPT
CCNA Lab – Frame Relay en Routers Cisco en topología hub-and-spoke
Posted in cisco, Networking, Sistemas, Utilidades, virtualización on Nov 2nd, 2010
Fuente: Cisco Networking Academia – Supplemental Activities for CCNA – Configuring Frame-
Relay
ConfiguringFrameRelay.zip : ConfiguringFrameRelay
CCNA Lab – Frame Relay en Routers Cisco en topología hub-and-spoke
Escenario:
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Una topología en estrella tipo Hub-and-Spoke
Un FR hub router R1
Un Switch Frame Relay
Tres FR spoke routers R2,R3,R4
Configurando la interfaz física Frame Relay en Router R1?123
R1(config)# interface serial0/0/0R1(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relayR1(config-if)# no shutdown
Configurando las subinterfaces en R1?123456789101112
R1(config)# interface Serial0/0/0.102 point-to-pointR1(config-subif)# ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.252R1(config-subif)# frame-relay interface-dlci 102R1(config-subif)# exitR1(config)# interface Serial0/0/0.103 point-to-pointR1(config-subif)# ip address 10.0.1.5 255.255.255.252R1(config-subif)# frame-relay interface-dlci 103R1(config-subif)# exitR1(config)# interface Serial0/0/0.104 point-to-pointR1(config-subif)# ip address 10.0.1.9 255.255.255.252R1(config-subif)# frame-relay interface-dlci 104R1(config-subif)# exit
Configurando enrutamiento estático en R1 para alcanzar las LANs de cada router spoken?123
R1(config)# ip route 10.20.20.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.1.2R1(config)# ip route 10.30.30.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.1.6R1(config)# ip route 10.40.40.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.1.10
Configurar enrutamiento e interfaces FR en los router Spoke
Configurar el interfaz físico Frame Relay en los router spoke?123
R2(config)# interface serial0/0/0R2(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relayR2(config-if)# no shutdown
2
Configurar el subinterfaz en R2?1234
R2(config)# interface Serial0/0/0.101 point-to-pointR2(config-subif)# ip address 10.0.1.2 255.255.255.252R2(config-subif)# frame-relay interface-dlci 101R2(config-subif)# exit
Configurando ruta por defecto en R2?1 R2(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.1.1
Se repiten los pasos de R2 en R3 y R4?12345678
R3(config)# interface serial0/0/0R3(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relayR3(config-if)# no shutdownR3(config)# interface Serial0/0/0.101 point-to-pointR3(config-subif)# ip address 10.0.1.6 255.255.255.252R3(config-subif)# frame-relay interface-dlci 101R3(config-subif)# exitR3(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.1.5
?12345678
R4(config)# interface serial0/0/0R4(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relayR4(config-if)# no shutdownR4(config)# interface Serial0/0/0.101 point-to-pointR4(config-subif)# ip address 10.0.1.10 255.255.255.252R4(config-subif)# frame-relay interface-dlci 101R4(config-subif)# exitR4(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.1.9
Verificar Conectividad
Prueba de capa de aplicación: telnet
Prueba de capa de red: ping, traceroute
Verificando en R1 la conexión a los routers spoken
R1# show frame-relay map
R1(config)#do sh frame-relay map
Serial0/0/0.102 (up): point-to-point dlci, dlci 102, broadcast, status defined, active
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Serial0/0/0.103 (up): point-to-point dlci, dlci 103, broadcast, status defined, active
Serial0/0/0.104 (up): point-to-point dlci, dlci 104, broadcast, status defined, active
Ver los LMI
R1# show frame-relay lmi
…
Ver los PVC
R1# show frame-relay pvc
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Configuración Frame relayEl primer paso dentro de la configuración de Frame-Relay es el de la activaciónde la interfaz que conecta a dicho router con una CSU/DSU, conectada a su vez con el switch del proveedor.Además de la dirección IP correspondiente se debe establecer el tipo de encapsulación:
•IETF para equipos No cisco.
•Cisco para equipos cisco, en el caso de elegir esta encapsulación no hará falta especificarla.
Router(config)#interface Serial 1Router(config-if)#ip address [direction IP+máscara]Router(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay [cisco/ietf]Router(config-if)#bandwidth [valor del ancho de banda en Kbps]Si fuera necesario, según la versión de IOS, configurar LMI:
Router(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type [cisco/anci/q933a]
ARP inverso está activado por defecto, si fuera necesario activarlo:
Router(config-if)#frame-relay inverse-arp [protocolo] [dlci]
Donde:
protocolo: IP, IPX, appletalk, decnet, etc
dlci: numero de dlci de la interfaz local, valor entre el 16 y 1007.
Configuración estática de Frame-RelayCuando un router no soporta ARP inverso, o cuando se quiere controlar el tráfico sobre los circuitos virtuales se debe definir estáticamente una tabla de dirección remota y su DLCI.
A partir de la configuración básica se agrega le mapeo estático:Router(config-if)#frame-relay map [protocolo][dirección destino][DLCI local][broadcast][ietf/cisco][payload-compress paket-by-paket]
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Donde se define el tipo de protocolo, la dirección IP del destino y el DLCI local. Con dispositivos Cisco no es necesaria la configuración de la encapsulación, mientras que con dispositivos no Cisco se debe utilizar IETF. Los parámetros restantes son opcionales y habilitan el envío de difusiones y la compresión de sobrecarga.
configuración subinterfaces
Al establecer una conexión con un CSU/DSU se pueden abastecer varios PVC en una sola conexión física. Para este fin es necesario configurar subinterfaces que actúen como interfaces lógicas conectadas a los PVC.
Una subinterfaz no tiene forma predeterminada de conexión y puede configurase como:
Punto a punto: cada subinterfaz establece una conexión PVC directa punto a punto con su correspondiente router remoto. El tráfico de actualización de enrutamiento NO está sujeto a la regla del horizonte dividido.
Multipunto: una subinterfaz establece múltiples conexiones PVC a través de la nube Frame-Relay a varias interfaces físicas o subinterfaces de los routers remotos. El tráfico de actualización de enrutamiento está sujeto a la regla del horizonte dividido.Proceso de configuración de subinterfaces: Seleccione la interfaz en la que creará las subinterfaces y verifique la NO existencia de direccionamiento de capa tres. Configure la encapsulación Frame-Relay correspondiente en dicha interfaz. Seleccione la subinterfaz y si se utilizará como punto a punto o multipunto, rango de 0-4.294.967.295. Recuerde que no tienen valor predeterminado. Configure el valor de DLCI local en la subinterfaz, rango de 16-1007.
Comandos de configuración de subinterfaces:
Router(config)#interface Serial [número]Router(config-if)#no ip addressRouter(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relayRouter(config-if)#exitRouter(config)#interface serial [número.número de subinterfaz]
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[multipoint/point-to-point]Router(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci [DLCI local]
Verificación de la configuración
show interfcace serial nº pto: Muestra la información relativa a los DLCIs usados en la interface. show frame-relay traffic: Muestra las estadísticas globales de Frame Relay desde la última reinicialización del router. clear frame-relay inarp: Borra los mapeos Frame Relay creados dinámicamente. show frame-relay lmi: Muestra las estadísticas sobre la LMI (Local Management Interface) show frame-relay map: Muestra las entradas de mapeo actuales y la info sobre las conexiones. show frame-relay pvc: Muestra las estadísticas sobre los circuitos virtuales permanentes(PVCs) para las interfaces Frame Relay.
Solución de problemas
debug frame-relay: Muestra información sobre los paquetes recibidos en la interface Frame Relay. debug frame-relay lmi: Muestra información de los paquetes LMI intercambiados entre el router y el proveedor del servicio.
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CONFIGURACION DE FRAME RELAY CON SUBINTERFACES PUNTO A PUNTO
Cuando configuramos una Frame Relay con subinterface se debe de asociar el DLCI o DLCI's en cada interface usando el siguiente comando.
Router (config) # interface serial [slot_#/] port_#. subinterface_# point-to-point|multipoint
Router (config-subif) # frame-relay interface-dlci local_DLCI_#
Si tiene un interface punto a punto asignará un solo circuito virtual y un DLCI solo DLCI a cada lado.
Si tiene un interface multipunto puede asignarles varios DLCI's.
Generalmente se asigna el mismo número de circuito virtual que al DLCI, aunque comos sabemos pueden ser diferentes.
Asegurese de que configura el direccionamiento al subinterface, no al interface físico.
CONFIGURACION DE FRAME RELAY CON SUBINTERFACES PUNTO A PUNTO
En este ejemplo asimismo que el LMI se detectara automáticamente.
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Aquí no configuraremos las rutas estáticas en los routers B y C, ya que cada interface d cada Router tiene una subred diferente.
CONFIGURACION DEL ROUTER A
RouterA(config)# interface serial 0
RouterA(config-if)# encaspulation frame-relay ietf
RouterA(config-if)# no shutdown
RouterA(config-if)# exit
RouterA(config)# interface serial0.1 point-to-point
RouterA(config-subif)# ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
RouterA(config-subif)# frame-relay interface-dlci 101
RouterA(config-subif)# exit
RouterA(config)# interface serial0.2 point-to-point
RouterA(config-subif)# frame-relay interface-dlci 201
RouterA(config-subif)# ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
CONFIGURACION DEL ROUTER B
RouterB(config)# interface serial 0
RouterB(config-if)# encaspulation frame-relay ietf
RouterB(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
RouterB(config-if)# no shutdown
RouterB(config-if)# exit
RouterB(config)# interface ethernet 0
RouterB(config-if)# ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
RouterB(config-if)# no shutdown
RouterB(config-if)# exit
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CONFIGURACION DEL ROUTER C
RouterB(config)# interface serial 0
RouterB(config-if)# encaspulation frame-relay ietf
RouterB(config-if)# ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
RouterB(config-if)# no shutdown
RouterB(config-if)# exit
RouterB(config)# interface ethernet 0
RouterB(config-if)# ip address 172.17.1.1 255.255.255.0
RouterB(config-if)# no shutdown
RouterB(config-if)# exit
Lo único que cambia entre la configuración del router a y router B son sus direcciones privadas de sus redes y las IP's que se unen al router A, que como se ve, es diferente a la IP del router B, ya que se trata de diferentes subredes.
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Configuring Frame Relay in Point-to-Point topology on Cisco IOS.Posted on May 14, 2010
Configuring Frame Relay on Cisco Systems router is not so difficult and
takes several minutes. My virtual lab consists of Dynamips network
simulator running on Ubuntu. Here is the topology we will use:
In Frame Relay Point-to-Point topology every pair of routers have their
own subnet (usually /30). It is not a good solution if you are running out of
IP addresses in your network – in every subnet used for connecting routers,
2 of 4 available addresses are wasted for network address and broadcast
address.
However configuring Frame Relay with point-to-point sub-interfaces avoids
problem of split horizon rule that can appear when using distance vector
routing protocols such as RIP orEIGRP.
Synopsis:
What we are going to do is configure routers R1, R2 and R3 with point-to-
point sub-interfaces. We will use inverse ARP for IP to DLCI mapping. We
will also configure Frame Relay switch (FRSWITCH). So, let’s get this
network started!
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First, we will configure Frame Relay switch. After enabling switching on
router we will make some routes and specify interface type to be a DCE
(by default a router is considered to be a DTE device).
FR-SWITCH(config)#frame-relay switching
FR-SWITCH(config)#int s 1/0
FR-SWITCH(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
FR-SWITCH(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce
FR-SWITCH(config-if)#frame-relay route 102 interface serial 1/1 201
FR-SWITCH(config-if)#frame-relay route 103 interface serial 1/2 301
FR-SWITCH(config-if)#no shutdown
FR-SWITCH(config-if)#int serial 1/1
FR-SWITCH(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
FR-SWITCH(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce
FR-SWITCH(config-if)#frame-relay route 201 interface s1/0 102
FR-SWITCH(config-if)#frame-relay route 203 interface s1/2 302
FR-SWITCH(config-if)#no sh
FR-SWITCH(config-if)#int s 1/2
FR-SWITCH(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
FR-SWITCH(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce
FR-SWITCH(config-if)#frame-relay route 301 interface s1/0 103
FR-SWITCH(config-if)#frame-relay route 303 interface s1/1 203
FR-SWITCH(config-if)#no sh
To examine and verify route statements type show frame-relay route
FR-SWITCH#show frame-relay route
Input Intf Input Dlci Output Intf Output Dlci Status
Serial1/0 102 Serial1/1 201 active
Serial1/0 103 Serial1/2 301 active
Serial1/1 201 Serial1/0 102 active
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Serial1/1 203 Serial1/2 302 active
Serial1/2 301 Serial1/0 103 active
Serial1/2 302 Serial1/1 203 active
Now we have to configure3 remaining routers. Configuration on each
router will be very similar – after enabling FR encapsulation we will specify
interface DLCI and IP address.
R2(config)#int s 1/0
R2(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R2(config-if)#no ip add
R2(config-if)#clock rate 128000
R2(config-if)#no sh
R2(config)#int s 1/0.201 point-to-point
R2(config-subif)#ip add 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
R2(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 201
R2(config)#int s1/0.203 point-to-point
R2(config-subif)#ip add 10.1.1.9 255.255.255.252
R2(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 203
On router R1:
R1(config)#int s 1/0
R1(config-if)#encap frame
R1(config-if)#clock rate 128000
R1(config-if)#no sh
R1(config)#int s 1/0.102 point-to-point
R1(config-subif)#ip add 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
R1(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 102
R1(config)#int s1/0.103 point-to-point
R1(config-subif)#ip add 10.1.1.5 255.255.255.252
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R1(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 103
And on R3:
R3(config)#int s 1/0
R3(config-if)#enc frame
R3(config-if)#enc frame-relay
R3(config-if)#clock rate 128000
R3(config-if)#no sh
R3(config)#int s 1/0.301 point-to-point
R3(config-subif)#ip add 10.1.1.6 255.255.255.252
R3(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 301
R3(config)#int s 1/0.302 point-to-point
R3(config-subif)#ip add 10.1.1.10 255.255.255.252
R3(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 302
Now, we can examine FR map f.e on R1:
R1#sh frame-relay map
Serial1/0 (up): ip 0.0.0.0 dlci 103(0x67,0x1870) broadcast, CISCO, status
defined, active
Serial1/0 (up): ip 0.0.0.0 dlci 102(0x66,0x1860) broadcast, CISCO, status
defined, active
Serial1/0.102 (up): point-to-point dlci, dlci 102(0x66,0x1860), broadcast
status defined, active
Serial1/0.103 (up): point-to-point dlci, dlci 103(0x67,0x1870), broadcast
status defined, active
Everything seems valid all circuits are in active state. Let’s perform a ping.
R1#ping 10.1.1.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.1.1.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
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Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 48/80/108 ms
Our network works. That’s all about Frame Relay in Point-to-Point topology.
Lab Frame-Relay sobre GNS3
Primero armar una topologia como muestra el grafico:
Configuracion del dispositivo Frame-Relay:
Configurarlo igual que en la siguiente imagen:
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Configuracion de los 3 Routers:
Router1
Código:
Router(config)# interface Serial0/0Router(config-if)# no ip addressRouter(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay
Router(config)# interface Serial0/0.1 point-to-pointRouter(config-if)# ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.252Router(config-if)# frame-relay interface-dlci 101
Router(config)# interface Serial0/0.2 point-to-pointRouter(config-if)# ip address 192.168.100.5 255.255.255.252Router(config-if)# frame-relay interface-dlci 102
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Router2
Código:
Router(config)# interface Serial0/0Router(config-if)# no ip addressRouter(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay
Router(config)# interface Serial0/0.1 point-to-pointRouter(config-if)# ip address 192.168.100.2 255.255.255.252Router(config-if)# frame-relay interface-dlci 202
Router3
Código:
Router(config)# interface Serial0/0Router(config-if)# no ip addressRouter(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay Router(config)# interface Serial0/0.1 point-to-pointRouter(config-if)# ip address 192.168.100.6 255.255.255.252Router(config-if)# frame-relay interface-dlci 203
Esta es una guia basica de Frame-Relay pero es bastante clara. La arme usando una
que encontre que me gusto.
Espero que les sirva.
http://eduangi.org/node189.html
Ejemplo de Configuración de OSPF en Modo Point-to-Point en Subinterfaces Frame Relay
Router(config)#interface Serial0
Router(config-if)#no ip address
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Router(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
Router(config)#interface Serial0.1 point-to-point
Router(config-subif)#ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 51
Router(config)#interface Serial0.2 point-to-point
Router(config-subif)#ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 52
Hasta aquí sería la configuración de los subinterfacesRouter(config)#router ospf 1
Router(config-router)#network 10.1.0.0 0.0.255.255
Frame Relay point-to-multipint + OSPFTodos son Router c7200IOS (tm) 7200 Software (C7200-IK9S-M), Version 12.2(40a), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)GNS3
TOPOLOGIA
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Asi debemos configurar el switch FRAME-RELAY
Configuracion R1
hostname R1!interface Loopback0ip address 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.0!interface Serial1/0ip address 192.168.192.1 255.255.255.0encapsulation frame-relayip ospf network point-to-multipointserial restart-delay 0!
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router ospf 1log-adjacency-changesnetwork 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0network 192.168.192.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Configuracion R2
hostname R2!interface Loopback0ip address 192.168.200.1 255.255.255.0!interface Serial1/0ip address 192.168.192.2 255.255.255.0encapsulation frame-relayip ospf network point-to-multipointserial restart-delay 0!router ospf 1log-adjacency-changesnetwork 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255 area 0network 192.168.192.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Configuracion R3
hostname R3!interface Loopback0ip address 192.168.232.1 255.255.255.0!interface Serial1/0ip address 192.168.192.4 255.255.255.0encapsulation frame-relayip ospf network point-to-multipointserial restart-delay 0!router ospf 1log-adjacency-changesnetwork 192.168.232.0 0.0.0.255 area 0network 192.168.192.0 0.0.0.255 area 0__________________________________________________________________________Otra manera de hacerlo es configurando un Router como switch frame-relay
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De esta manera fue configurado dejo un vistaso al running-config
hostname Switch-RF!frame-relay switching!interface Serial1/0no ip addressencapsulation frame-relayserial restart-delay 0clock rate 64000frame-relay intf-type dceframe-relay route 102 interface Serial1/1 201frame-relay route 103 interface Serial1/2 301!interface Serial1/1no ip addressencapsulation frame-relayserial restart-delay 0clock rate 64000frame-relay intf-type dceframe-relay route 201 interface Serial1/0 102!interface Serial1/2no ip addressencapsulation frame-relayserial restart-delay 0clock rate 64000frame-relay intf-type dceframe-relay route 301 interface Serial1/0 10
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***El resto de los Router's (R1,R2 y R3) quedan igual a la configuracion anterior, o si queremos agregamos los mapas de frame-relay manualmente de la siguiente manera en cada una de las interfaces de los Router's:
R1interface Serial1/0ip address 192.168.192.1 255.255.255.0encapsulation frame-relayip ospf network point-to-multipointserial restart-delay 0frame-relay map ip 192.168.192.2 102 broadcastframe-relay map ip 192.168.192.4 103 broadcast
R2interface Serial1/0ip address 192.168.192.2 255.255.255.0encapsulation frame-relayip ospf network point-to-multipointserial restart-delay 0frame-relay map ip 192.168.192.1 201 broadcast
R3interface Serial1/0ip address 192.168.192.4 255.255.255.0encapsulation frame-relayip ospf network point-to-multipointserial restart-delay 0frame-relay map ip 192.168.192.1 301 broadcast
Frame-relay malla completa
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CONFIGURACION
1ro configuraremos el Switch FRL
Router(config)#hosname FRL FRL(config)#frame-relay switching
Ahora configurar las interfaces con las DLCI's
interface Serial0/0 no ip address encapsulation frame-relay serial restart-delay 0 clock rate 64000 frame-relay intf-type dce frame-relay route 102 interface Serial1/1 201 frame-relay route 103 interface Serial1/2 301 frame-relay route 104 interface Serial1/3 401 ! interface Serial0/1 no ip address encapsulation frame-relay serial restart-delay 0 clock rate 64000 frame-relay intf-type dce frame-relay route 201 interface Serial1/0 102 frame-relay route 203 interface Serial1/2 302 frame-relay route 204 interface Serial1/3 402 ! interface Serial0/2 no ip address encapsulation frame-relay serial restart-delay 0 clock rate 64000 frame-relay intf-type dce
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frame-relay route 301 interface Serial1/0 103 frame-relay route 302 interface Serial1/1 203 frame-relay route 304 interface Serial1/3 403 ! interface Serial0/3 no ip address encapsulation frame-relay serial restart-delay 0 clock rate 64000 frame-relay intf-type dce frame-relay route 401 interface Serial1/0 104 frame-relay route 402 interface Serial1/1 204 frame-relay route 403 interface Serial1/2 304
Congif R1
interface Serial1/0 ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation frame-relay serial restart-delay 0 frame-relay lmi-type cisco
Config R2
interface Serial1/0 ip address 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.0 encapsulation frame-relay serial restart-delay 0 frame-relay lmi-type cisco
Config R3
interface Serial1/0 ip address 192.168.0.3 255.255.255.0 encapsulation frame-relay serial restart-delay 0 frame-relay lmi-type cisco
Config R4
interface Serial1/0 ip address 192.168.0.4 255.255.255.0
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encapsulation frame-relay serial restart-delay 0 frame-relay lmi-type cisco
Point to Multipoint Frame Relay Topology
As you have already seen we will configure R1 interface as multipoint but R2 and R3 as
point-to-point. Note that by default Split Horizon Rule is in effect on interfaces and EIGRP
traffic between R2 Lan and R3 Lan would not be advertisted if we will not disable this rule
on R1 S0/0.1 subinterface. To get this working you have to do next configurations:
First we need to configure interfaces, subinterfaces, Frame Relay Encapsulation and Frame
Relay mapping for our Routers
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R1
interface Loopback0
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
interface Serial0/0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
interface Serial0/0.1 multipoint
ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.248
no ip split-horizon eigrp 1
frame-relay map ip 192.168.0.2 102 broadcast
frame-relay map ip 192.168.0.3 103 broadcast
R2
interface Loopback0
ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
interface Serial0/0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
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interface Serial0/0.1 point-to-point
ip address 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.248
frame-relay interface-dlci 201
R3
interface Loopback0
ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
interface Serial0/0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
interface Serial0/0.1 point-to-point
ip address 192.168.0.3 255.255.255.248
frame-relay interface-dlci 301
Now we can configure EIGRP to route traffic between Routing Devices
R1
router eigrp 1
network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.7
network 192.168.1.0
no auto-summary
R2
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router eigrp 1
network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.7
network 192.168.2.0
no auto-summary
R3
router eigrp 1
network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.7
network 192.168.3.0
no auto-summary
Let’s check Routing tables on R2, R3 and to verify ping between R2 and R3
show ip route output
R2 to R3 LAN ping output
28
This OSPF network type behaves like a hybrid between multipoint non-broadcast and point-
to-multipoint because DR/BDR election does not happen (multipoint non-broadcast) and
Neighbor discovery the same (point to multipoint) which results from ‘nonbroadcast’
keyword in router configuration command. So, if neighbor discovery doesn’t take place we
must add them manually under router configuration section.
With these in mind I will start to set up our lab, will use the same topology like in previous
articles. In next picture you have the topology.
OSPF Point to Multipoint Non Broadcast over Frame Relay
R1 has Permanent Virtual Circuits (PVC) with all other routers while others have only with
R1. In table below you see PVC on R1.
29
R1 to DLCI
R2 1002
R3 1003
R4 1004
R2, R3 and R4 all have only one PVC to conect to R1. DLCI of this PVC is 1001. R2, R3
and R4 are in the same subnet and to reach each other we’ll add some mappings which will
go to R1 as a transit point. Next you see configurations for routers with interfaces, OSPF,
PVCs and mappings configured. Highlighted with red are OSPF network type
configurations.
R1
R1(config)#interface loopback 0
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config)#interface Serial0/0
R1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R1(config)#interface s0/0.1 multipoint
R1(config-subif)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.248
R1(config-subif)#ip ospf network point-to-multipoint non-broadcast
R1(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 1002
R1(config-fr-dlci)#frame-relay interface-dlci 1003
R1(config-fr-dlci)#frame-relay interface-dlci 1004
30
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1
R1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.7 area 0
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#neighbor 10.0.0.4
R1(config-router)#neighbor 10.0.0.3
R1(config-router)#neighbor 10.0.0.2
R2
2
R2(config)#interface Loopback0
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config)#interface Serial0/0
R2(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config)#interface Serial0/0.1 multipoint
R2(config-subif)#ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.248
R2(config-subif)#ip ospf network point-to-multipoint non-broadcast
R2(config-subif)#frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.3 1001
R2(config-subif)#frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.4 1001
31
R2(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 1001
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2
R2(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.7 area 0
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#neighbor 10.0.0.1
R3
R3(config)#interface Loopback0
R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
R3(config)#interface Serial0/0
R3(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config)#interface Serial0/0.1 multipoint
R3(config-subif)#ip address 10.0.0.3 255.255.255.248
R3(config-subif)#ip ospf network point-to-multipoint non-broadcast
R3(config-subif)#frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.2 1001
R3(config-subif)#frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.4 1001
R3(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 1001
32
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3
R3(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.7 area 0
R3(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R3(config-router)#neighbor 10.0.0.1
R4
R4(config)#interface Loopback0
R4(config-if)#ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0
R4(config)#interface Serial0/0
R4(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R4(config-if)#no shutdown
R4(config)#interface Serial0/0.1 multipoint
R4(config-subif)#ip address 10.0.0.4 255.255.255.248
R4(config-subif)#ip ospf network point-to-multipoint non-broadcast
R3(config-subif)#frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.2 1001
R3(config-subif)#frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.3 1001
R4(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 1001
33
R4(config)#router ospf 1
R4(config-router)#router-id 4.4.4.4
R4(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.7 area 0
R4(config-router)#network 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R4(config-router)#neighbor 10.0.0.1
Further I will show results of ‘show ip route’ command on R4 and a ping to R3 loopback
interface.
IP routes on R4
Ping Results from R4 to R3 loopback interface
34
In this lab we’ll use the same topology as in the previous one, where we talked about how to
configure OSPF on nonbroadcast network type. In Point to Multipoint OSPF behaves
opposite to the Non Broadcast network type, namely here OSPF does not elect a DR/BDR
but neighbor discovery proccess takes place. So, in this case we shouldn’t add neighbors
manually. In topology below you see that interfaces of all routers which communicate
through Frame Relay are in the same subnet and each of them has a LAN connected
simulated by Loopback interface.
OSPF point to multipoint over FrameRelay
35
DLCI mappings are the same like in previous article. In table below you see them on R1. R1 has PVC with all
routers, but the others have only with R1 and this DLCI is 1001 on all other Routers (R2, R3, R4).
R1 to DLCI
R2 1002
R3 1003
R4 1004
In next listings you see configuration for routers.
R1
R1(config)#interface loopback 0
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config)#interface Serial0/0
R1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R1(config)#interface s0/0.1 multipoint
R1(config-subif)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.248
R1(config-subif)#ip ospf network point-to-multipoint
R1(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 1002
R1(config-fr-dlci)#frame-relay interface-dlci 1003
R1(config-fr-dlci)#frame-relay interface-dlci 1004
R1(config)#router ospf 1
36
R1(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1
R1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.7 area 0
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2
R2(config)#interface Loopback0
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config)#interface Serial0/0
R2(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config)#interface Serial0/0.1 multipoint
R2(config-subif)#ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.248
R2(config-subif)#ip ospf network point-to-multipoint
R2(config-subif)#frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.3 1001
R2(config-subif)#frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.4 1001
R2(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 1001
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2
R2(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.7 area 0
37
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R3
R3(config)#interface Loopback0
R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
R3(config)#interface Serial0/0
R3(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config)#interface Serial0/0.1 multipoint
R3(config-subif)#ip address 10.0.0.3 255.255.255.248
R3(config-subif)#ip ospf network point-to-multipoint
R3(config-subif)#frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.2 1001
R3(config-subif)#frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.4 1001
R3(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 1001
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3
R3(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.7 area 0
R3(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R4
38
R4(config)#interface Loopback0
R4(config-if)#ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0
R4(config)#interface Serial0/0
R4(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R4(config-if)#no shutdown
R4(config)#interface Serial0/0.1 multipoint
R4(config-subif)#ip address 10.0.0.4 255.255.255.248
R4(config-subif)#ip ospf network point-to-multipoint
R3(config-subif)#frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.2 1001
R3(config-subif)#frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.3 1001
R4(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 1001
R4(config)#router ospf 1
R4(config-router)#router-id 4.4.4.4
R4(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.7 area 0
R4(config-router)#network 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
I highlighted with red command where we configure OSPF network type ”ip ospf network
point-to-multipoint”. You will see in next screenshots that for this kind of OSPF network
there is not such a concept like Designated Router or Backup Designated Router.
39
Neighbors on R1 and R4
As you can see in place where should be mentioned DR/BDR or DROTHER there is a dash.
Now let’s check if we have routes from R4 to other Routers and we’ll try a ping test.
IP routes on R4
40
Ping Results from R4 to R3
Everything is fine and ping works well from R4 to R3. This is what we needed to get into this
network. Good luck to you!
Frame Relay Point to Point with EIGRP
41
As you already have seen we have here a HUB and Spoke topology, R1 is used as HUB
Router and R2 with R3 are used as Spoke Routers. To get this working you have to do next
configurations:
First we need to configure interfaces, subinterfaces and Frame Relay Encapsulation for our
Routers
R1
interface Serial0/0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
interface Serial0/0.1 point-to-point
ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 102
interface Serial0/0.2 point-to-point
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 103
R2
interface Serial0/0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
42
interface Serial0/0.1 point-to-point
ip address 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 201
R3
interface Serial0/0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
interface Serial0/0.1 point-to-point
ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 301
Now we can configure EIGRP to route traffic between Spoke Routers
R1
router eigrp 1
network 192.168.0.0
network 192.168.1.0
no auto-summary
R2
router eigrp 1
network 192.168.0.0
43
no auto-summary
R3
router eigrp 1
network 192.168.1.0
no auto-summary
44
45
OSPF non-broadcast network type over Frame Relay
In this topology only R1 has PVCs with each Router. In next table is shown DLCI mappings for them.
R1 to DLCI
R2 1002
R3 1003
R4 1004
On R2, R3 and R4 DLCI to R1 is the same: 1001. How I said before, between R2-R3, R3-
R4, R2-R4 there is not PVC connection and will not add each other in neighbor list except
R1. In turn on R1 will add in neighbor list all Routers. Also we need to add DLCI mappings
on FR Switch Like in picture below.
Frame Relay mapping
Now we’ll configure Routers with DLCI assigned on interfaces and OSPF neighbors manually added. R1
R1(config)#interface loopback 0
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
46
R1(config)#interface Serial0/0
R1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R1(config)#interface s0/0.1 multipoint
R1(config-subif)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.248
R1(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 1002
R1(config-fr-dlci)#frame-relay interface-dlci 1003
R1(config-fr-dlci)#frame-relay interface-dlci 1004
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1
R1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.7 area 0
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#neighbor 10.0.0.4
R1(config-router)#neighbor 10.0.0.3
R1(config-router)#neighbor 10.0.0.2
R2
R2(config)#interface Loopback0
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config)#interface Serial0/0
47
R2(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config)#interface Serial0/0.1 multipoint
R2(config-subif)#ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.248
R2(config-subif)#ip ospf priority 0
R2(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 1001
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2
R2(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.7 area 0
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#neighbor 10.0.0.1
R3
R3(config)#interface Loopback0
R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
R3(config)#interface Serial0/0
R3(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
48
R3(config)#interface Serial0/0.1 multipoint
R3(config-subif)#ip address 10.0.0.3 255.255.255.248
R3(config-subif)#ip ospf priority 0
R3(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 1001
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3
R3(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.7 area 0
R3(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R3(config-router)#neighbor 10.0.0.1
R4
R4(config)#interface Loopback0
R4(config-if)#ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0
R4(config)#interface Serial0/0
R4(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R4(config-if)#no shutdown
R4(config)#interface Serial0/0.1 multipoint
R4(config-subif)#ip address 10.0.0.4 255.255.255.248
R4(config-subif)#ip ospf priority 0
49
R4(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 1001
R4(config)#router ospf 1
R4(config-router)#router-id 4.4.4.4
R4(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.7 area 0
R4(config-router)#network 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R4(config-router)#neighbor 10.0.0.1
With red we have highlighted OSPF priority configuration, we have done that because we
want R1 to be Designated Router. In this topology where all Routers are in the same
subnet we need a designated router for this subnet, PVC with all routers has only R1 that’s
why we have configured OSPF priority 0 to other routers, with priority 0 Router will not be a
DR or BDR (Backup Designated Router). Now it’s time to see the results we got. In next
screenshots are shown Neighbors relationships formed, routes learned by R2 and Ping
results from R2 to R4.
Neighbors on R1 and R2
50
IP routes on R2
Ping Results from R2 to R4
From the pictures everything is fine except Ping from R2 to R4 loopback interface. If you look in Routing Table you see that next hop to go to 192.168.4.1 is Router R4 (10.0.0.4), but there is no any PVC between these two routers and that’s why ping to R4 failed. If we add Frame Relay mappings on R2, R3 and R4 to each other, ping will work fine. In next configs we added mappings. R2
R2(config)#interface Serial0/0.1 multipoint
R2(config-subif)#frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.3 1001
R2(config-subif)#frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.4 1001
R3
51
R3(config)#interface Serial0/0.1 multipoint
R3(config-subif)#frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.3 1001
R3(config-subif)#frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.4 1001
R4
R4(config)#interface Serial0/0.1 multipoint
R4(config-subif)#frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.3 1001
R4(config-subif)#frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.4 1001
And now the results:
Ping Results after adding Frame Relay mappings
Results are as expected by using Frame Relay mapping with the same DLCI that goes to
R1.
52
Point to Multipoint Frame Relay Topology
As you have already seen we will configure R1 interface as multipoint but R2 and R3 as
point-to-point. Note that by default Split Horizon Rule is in effect on interfaces and EIGRP
traffic between R2 Lan and R3 Lan would not be advertisted if we will not disable this rule
on R1 S0/0.1 subinterface. To get this working you have to do next configurations:
First we need to configure interfaces, subinterfaces, Frame Relay Encapsulation and Frame
Relay mapping for our Routers
53
R1
interface Loopback0
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
interface Serial0/0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
interface Serial0/0.1 multipoint
ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.248
no ip split-horizon eigrp 1
frame-relay map ip 192.168.0.2 102 broadcast
frame-relay map ip 192.168.0.3 103 broadcast
R2
interface Loopback0
ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
interface Serial0/0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
54
interface Serial0/0.1 point-to-point
ip address 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.248
frame-relay interface-dlci 201
R3
interface Loopback0
ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
interface Serial0/0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
interface Serial0/0.1 point-to-point
ip address 192.168.0.3 255.255.255.248
frame-relay interface-dlci 301
Now we can configure EIGRP to route traffic between Routing Devices
R1
router eigrp 1
network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.7
network 192.168.1.0
no auto-summary
R2
55
router eigrp 1
network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.7
network 192.168.2.0
no auto-summary
R3
router eigrp 1
network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.7
network 192.168.3.0
no auto-summary
Let’s check Routing tables on R2, R3 and to verify ping between R2 and R3
show ip route output
R2 to R3 LAN ping output
56