from curse to calling: a short history of the meaning of work by joanne b.ciulla
TRANSCRIPT
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From Curse to Calling: A Short History of the Meaning of Work
By Joanne B.Ciulla
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“So the Lord God banished [Adam] from the Garden of Eden to work the ground from which
he had been taken.”
-- Genesis 3:23
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“Working hard pays off in the future,
Being lazy pays offnow!”
-- anonymous bumper sticker
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“I love this game!”
-- Chipper Jones, highly paid professional baseball player
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Do we work to live,live to work,
or both?• The ideal you hold depends on when and
where you live.
• The reality for you depends on who you are.
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The Western ideal for the meaning of work has changed through time.
• Ancient Greece– Work is a curse and should be done by slaves.
– Aristotle agrees that household work should be done by slaves and also says that work for profit brings its own curse.
• Early Christians– Work can be good (if done to supply the basics
of life) or bad (if done with pride, envy, greed, gluttony, lust, anger, or sloth).
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The Western ideal for the meaning of work has changed through time.
• Middle Ages– Our work is part of who we are, including the
moral standards associated with it.
• Renaissance– Work provides the arena for expressing our
individual creativity.
• The Reformation → Protestant Work Ethic– Work is a vocation, a calling, through which we
find purpose, satisfaction, and meaning in life.
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Summary of Ciulla re the“Ideal” of Work
• Over time, the ideal that society holds regarding work has changed. Once it was seen as a necessary means for living. Now it is seen as providing a purpose for living.
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What is the reality today?
• “Do good in school so you don’t have to do a f****** job like this,” factory co-worker of Professor Gravander, 1965.
• “I have the best job in the world; I get paid for what I would do for fun if I had another job,” Professor Gravander, 2009.
• First question after most introductory handshakes today, “What do you do?” (that is, “what’s your job?”)
• “I’m going to take the offer with the highest salary,” anonymous Clarkson graduate, 2008.
• In 2005, median US household income = $46,326, and 12.6% of the US population lives below the poverty level of $19,971 for family of four. (Note: 40 hours per week at a NYS McDonalds pays about $17,000 per year.)