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Fall 2012

From Baodiao to Zigen- Commemorating Baodiao’s 40th year and Zigen’s 20th year .......................................... 1从保钓到滋根 ............................................................... 1村校行记 ...................................................................... 10A Tour of Three Village Schools................................... 11记美乐完小饮水项目 .................................................... 12The Drinking-water Project of Meile School ................ 12两代人的乡村小学 ........................................................ 16

Small-scale schools of villages ........................................ 16互惠店义卖在故事 ........................................................ 21Our Thrift Shop ............................................................ 21记一次农民工子弟学校的家长会 .................................. 22Memo from a Parent Conference of a School of migrant children .... 23Zigen Express.............................................................. 30滋根活動簡報 ............................................................... 30

Contents

From Baodiao to Zigen- Commemorating Baodiao’s 40th year and Zigen’s 20th year

Baodiao’s 40th Year Commemoration Lecture by Pat K.P.Yang in 2009 sponsored by Tsinchu, Taiwan Tsinghua University and Beijing – Tsinghua University Library Archives Access Findings

I am extremely happy to meet with old Baodiao friends with whom we went through young and passionate times in order to create an ideal society. I am even more happy today after 40 years in our beloved Taiwan to openly face everyone in the situation free of White Terror and introduce the infl uence of Baodiao on us.

The Baodiao movement was started in the 70s of the last century in the United States, primarily made up by Taiwan and Hong Kong foreign students in the U.S., and grew from concern for Diaoyu Island’s sovereignty to gradual concern for Taiwan’s hardworking masses, mainland China, and China’s future. For many years, China was viewed as a sick patient of East Asia, and Chinese people were viewed as backwards. For over a hundred years China suffered severe aggression, and overseas Chinese could not lift their heads with dignity. At the start of the seventies, as a result of China’s Ping-Pong diplomacy and Nixon’s visit to China, the U.S. began to have more objective coverage of China. We were able to understand that following 1949, under the complete Western embargo of China,

从保钓到滋根 -纪念保钓40年，滋根20年

杨贵平 2009年于台湾新竹清华大学举办的保钓40年

纪念会演讲及北京清华大学图书馆保钓资料馆的访

问整理

我非常高兴见到各位新朋友，以及和我们一起共渡过

年轻、激情时代、想创造一个理想社会的保钓老朋友。我

今天更特别的高兴，在近四十年后、在我们热爱的台湾，

公开的面对著大家，没有白色恐怖的情况下，介绍保钓对

我们的影响

上个世纪70年代在美国开始的保钓运动，主要是台湾

及香港的留美学生参与。从关心钓鱼岛的主权，到逐渐开

始关心台湾劳苦大众，关心中国大陆，关心中国前途。多

年来，中国被认为是一个东亚病夫，中国人是落后的，

中国百年来受列强侵略，中国人在海外抬不起头来。70年

初，由于中国的乒乓外交和尼克松访华，美国对中国开始

有比较正面的报道，我们才了解到1949年后，中国在西方

全面封锁下，中国人能独立自主，自力更生，有自尊的站

起来，这是多么激动人心的变化！

60, 70年代,美国社会民权运动、和反对越南战争运

45

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动，和全球风起云涌的社会运动蓬勃开展,在校园，在街头，游行，示

威，辩论触动着许多人的灵魂，也促动了我们多年封闭的生活。这时大陆

正是文化大革命,它提出创造一个比较平等的社会，如工农兵当家作主，

文化上提倡新的内容，不都是帝王将相，而是工农兵为主。

这使我们对长期接受的自我为主，要做人上人的精英思想进行反思，

寻求新的人生道路。

我们开始自觉的寻找在台湾时和美国主流文化看不到的书籍，报道，

如饥如渴的了解什么是帝国主义，社会主义，新中国。在学校组织国是研

在究会，自发地反对帝国主义，反对台湾国民党政府，认识新中国，自我

价值观的改变，这其中有爱国主义的内容，也有介绍社会主义的内容.

80年代以后，我们离开了学校，每个人都有了自己的工作和自己的家

庭。但因为“保钓”的影响，总想为这个社会做一点事的火种，始终在心

里面没有泯灭。到底能够作什么事？大事做不了，大概还可以做小事。我

想这就是后来的滋根提倡做小事和做实事的开始。　

提倡做小事做实事当时保钓的积极份子董叙霖在联合国工作，他参加了联合国“百分之

一基金会”。这是联合国一些员工自愿地组织起来，把他们每年百分之一

的收入，用来支持发展中国家小型项目的一个组织。董叙霖提出：“我们

也许可以用同样的经验成立一个组织，聚少成多，做小事、做实事”。这

就是滋根基金会成立的背景

董叙霖提出滋根基金会的愿景，是支持“以人为中心、可持续的发

展”。

这并不是一个空洞的口号。在一个只看“物”、不看“人”，只看国

民生产总值、只看经济，以消费为主的经济发展模式下的社会，是不可能

持续的。人与人之间的关系被“物”所主导，现代人用了下一代的资源，

使我们的环境越来越恶化。所以我们希望看到一个“以人为中心，可持续

发展”，与自然相协调，以合作为主的另一种发展模式。在发展中，首要

的是每个人应保障基本需要，因此我们具体支持的对象是“中国处境贫困

的人民”，支持的内容是“人的基本需要”，这包括基本教育，基本医疗

卫生，营养和保护环境适当技术的推广。滋根还特别注重女童及妇女接受

教育及参与发展的平等权利。

为什么选中国大陆？中国大陆同胞同文同种，中国的历史和文化深深

的在我们心中。此外，当时的中国大陆还是一个发展中国家，再加上“保

钓”的影响，使我们不能忘怀有悠久历史，饱经忧患的祖国。

Pat K. P. Yang 楊貴平 President

Lily Waiyee Lee 李慧儀 Chairperson

Shih-Chang Lu 呂世章 Treasurer

Lapyan Chan 陳立人 Secretary

Vickie Liu Chen 劉虛心

Bik-Lam Lee 利碧琳

Paul Lee 李隆生

Terry Lee 李騰芳

Andy Pao 保延昭

Joseph Tsao 曹宏遠

George Yu 余超華

Lapyan Chan, Vickie Liu Chen,

Zhihong Hu, Bik-Lam Lee,

Xiaoxi Tong, Pat Yang

213-37 39th Ave,Ste355bayside,NY 11361Tel & Fax:1-585-302-5486Web Site: www.zigen.orgE-mail:Zigen@zigen.org

2Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

Board of Directors:

Editorial Board:

Address:

《滋根会讯》是大家的园地，希望各地

会员勇跃投稿，报道各地区的滋根活

动，分享参与滋根工作的感受和意见。

并借此互相勉励，共同努力，把滋根工

作推进到一个新里程碑！

The Zigen Newsletter is an open forum for all friends and members. We encourage you to share your thoughts and experience with us. Contributions ar welcome!

　　

找保钓朋友出钱出力　　

有了愿景、有了对象、有了具体的目标，我们需要

钱、也要人。当然，关于“人”方面，第一个就是找保钓

的老朋友。1988年，在我们纽约的家里，找了一群“保

钓”的老朋友。居乃虔、李腾芳，董叙霖，后来的刘虚

心，曹宏远及小辈李慧仪，陈立人等，这些人变成“滋根

基金会”的强力支持者。大家凑了3000块钱，这就是滋根

开始的老本。

之后，我们想光是有纽约的人支持还不够，台湾也要

有啊！非常偶然的，碰到了从台湾来美访问的韩嘉玲，跟

她谈起“滋根基金会”和支持中国贫困地区的发展。韩嘉

玲马上投入并同意：“台湾也要有一个滋根。”她写了一

个名单，里面多是参加过台湾“保钓”的人。她说“只有

他们才最熟心”。

1990年，我离台20年，第一次重新回到台湾，立刻就

在我妹妹杨小定的公寓里开始招兵买马。当时一个人都不

认得，就按名单打电话给陈映真、夏铸九、王晓波、林圣

芬等人：“我们有一个滋根，支持中国贫困地区的发展，

你们要不要参加？” “行！”“好，交钱。” 这样，

1992年在台湾成立了“中华滋根协会”，杨小定虽然没有

参加过“保钓”，但一直是台湾滋根的骨干和主力。

落叶归根，中国大陆也应该有滋根。经过非常艰苦历

程，1996年，在中国正式成立了在国家民政部注册的全国

性民间社团组织，全称是“中国滋根乡村教育与发展促进

会”。当时中国滋根的一些理事例如赵玉芬，戴新生，陈

家耐，范乐年等都是曾经在美国及欧洲参加过保钓，回到

中国大陆工作定居的人。

2007年，在香港成立了“香港滋根”。至此，美国、

中国大陆、台湾及香港，都有了在法律上独立，有共同理

念，互相合作的滋根姐妹组织。

滋根的成员及积极支持者，很多都是参加过“保钓”

的，“滋根”因此始终带着“保钓”运动的深刻印痕和贡

献。当然，此后有很多没有参加过“保钓”的人，也陆陆

续续参加了“滋根”。

寻找贫困地区，从偶然到选择有了正式的组织、有了3000块钱，要支持对象是最贫

3Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

困的人，当然是在农村。但是到哪去找贫困的农村？当时

参与滋根的人中，只有很少的人到过中国大陆，即使到了

大陆，也只是去了北京、上海这些大城市，没有人去过农

村。这怎么办？生命里有很多的偶然，有的偶然开花结

果，有的偶然随风而逝。偶然遇见大陆清华大学教授毛健

雄到美国访问，他的弟弟毛健全在贵州工学院教书，“什

么人都认得，贵州又最穷”。 毛教授带我们去了贵阳，并

开始在一个县城的乡镇中心支持图书，从此“滋根”和贵

州结了缘。

1990年初，经毛老师的介绍，我和董叙霖到了以苗族

为主的黔东南苗族侗族自治州的雷山县，在访问中，遇到

了一个苗族女代课老师，她说，“你们为什么不支持女孩

子上学？我的村里很多女孩没有上学，“以前还有多，

现在一、二年级有几个，到了高年级一个女孩子都没有

了”。 我非常惊讶，要求去访问她的村子。行程是非常艰

苦的：没有交通车，在县城找到一辆拉猪的破旧卡车，开

向了苗岭深山。路是狭窄弯曲的黄泥山路，被水冲刷了，

到处是深深的沟痕，车子颠簸，路两面是没有护边的悬崖

绝壁，触目惊心。经过3个多小时惊心的车程，车停了，我

们以为到了，当地的随行者指着杂草丛生的小径说“从这

儿就要步行了”， 爬过三个大山，涉水过河，终于见到一

个个苗族的村寨

在村中我遇见很多不到十岁的女孩，背着更年幼的弟

妹在田间干农活，当我问她们“有没有上学？” 她们多摇

头，我了解到她们从未上过学。

深入调查——为什这么多女童没上学？针对女童入学少的现状及原因，访问了学生、家长、

老师和村民。发现当地适龄（6岁至12岁）男童的入学率

77%，女童入学率只有27.8%。许多学校除一、二年级有

几个女生外，全是男生，在一些学校甚至一个女学生都没

有。经过大量的访问和调查, 得出以下影响入学率特别是

女童入学的主要因素：

1，家长不能负担昂贵的书费和学杂费。当时虽有九年

义务教育法，但没有做到免费教育，贫困的父母不能承担

超出他们经济能力的书费和学杂费。当时一个小学生一年

的学费要40元人民币，但是农民一个人一年的现金收入不

到100人民币，他们需要用这些钱买种子、化肥、灯油等

等，因此根本拿不出钱送孩子上学。许多男孩上学的费用

也是家人�借西凑弄来的。一个家庭如有两个孩子上学，

往往牺牲了女孩；

2、学校距离家太远。许多村附近小学只到一、二年

级，到了高年级，就要走2到3小时的路到中心校，中心校

住宿条件�差，孩子要自带柴米，女童住校不安全，父母

不放心；

3、传统重男轻女的思想，加上父母承担昂贵的上学费

用，更使父母支持男孩而不支女童上学。

同时，我也看到，中国农民是重视教育的，访问中遇

到许多父母因没有给孩子上学而痛哭失声。

从6岁到14岁，大大小小都来上学了—20年的第一年

我带着雷山县教育局要求支持方祥乡12个最偏远村寨

的女童助学金的申清书，回到纽约。滋根的会长李慧仪立

刻召集大家开会。12个村的适龄女童共300多人, 对支持部

份女童或是全部, 我们也作了很多讨论：如只支持一部份

女童，大家都一样贫困

都需要。怎样选择？如全部支持，经费从那里来?结果

大家同意全部都支持，加强出去捐款, 如不够就由与会者

自己垫付。 滋根和雷山县教育局签了合同, 由滋根提供这

12个村所有6岁到12岁的女童入学助学金，共6年，以使贫

困女童能安心到小学毕业。那时一个孩子一年的助学金一

年是7美元。能够免费上学的消息传出去后再加上老师挨

家挨户的发动女童入学，村里的女童，除了极少几个

在四、五年级外，大大小小都来上一年级,有的还带了弟妹

来上学。

格头村的李雪花，交腊村的杨艳英已经14岁了，也上

了小学一级。

深山苗寨来了一批批远方的客人1991年，我和滋根的会员蒲慕明（有名的生物化学教

授）、台大教授杨小定及另外两个会员在贵阳汇合，坐了

8小时火车后再坐2小时的汽车才到雷山县城。到了雷山，

我再度到了方祥。蒲慕明及杨小定很少爬山，穿的鞋也不

合适，撑着一步步走着。艰辛跋涉，终于到了方祥乡格头

村。

我们住在农民家, 清晨听见村中充满了嘹亮的读书

声，念书声振动着木板搭的小学校, 校舍都跟着摇动, 孩

子们红红兴奋的小脸, 村寨充满了生命的气息。老师告诉

我们,当他们知道女孩子上学不用交费，就挨家挨户的去说

服家长送孩子来上学。雷山县教育局也大力支持，学生增

加了，需要老师，教育局就派了师范毕业有经验的老师来

到村小。离开格头村后，女孩们一路唱着苗歌送行，直到

被山谷隐没了我们的身影。

我们一行再继续向深山中方祥出发，那儿还有8个学

校。这次的山路比到格头还更远，更陡，我们要爬两座大

山，精疲力尽的下了山，终于到了一湾清测见底的小河，

没有桥，没有通到对岸的河道，大家只好脱了鞋，卷起了

裤子，涉着冰凉的河水，跌跌撞撞的过了河。杨小定老师

每隔十分钟就会间“还有多久”，并一路怪鞋子不好，就

这么上山下山地翻过了三座山，4小时后才终于到了方祥中

心平祥村。

进到村里，迎面看到一间破烂的小木屋，大约就是学

校，木屋前，几个孩子在黄泥场上追赶着玩耍，其中有两

个是女该子。我们齐声问“几岁了？有没有上学？”她们

�看头大声的说：“我们都上学了”。记得去年来这儿调

查时，村里只有二个女孩在学校，深深感到滋根助学金的

效果。我们大家在村裹过夜，住在村民家，晚上没有电

灯，在煤油灯下和村民及老师一起谈村的历史，农民生活

的辛酸，孩子上学的困难。在这远离外面世界的深山村

落，我们彼此是多么的接近，我们共同关心着同一个主题

“女孩子上学难”。

每次访问看到更多的需要以后的每一年, 一些滋根的会员和义工， 都会自费到

方祥, 同样的翻山越岭, 同样的淌水过河, 住在农民家。

滋根支持的一些女童有的进入了五年级，学校的老师、村

民都和我们成了老朋友，每次访问，都会和他们淡到深

夜：谈他们的风俗习惯，谈他们的需要，谈他们的理想家

乡。

老师和贫困村民们的幻想是最基本的：女孩上学了，

男孩的入学率也增加了，但还有些孤儿男孩，生活更苦，

没钱上学；村里以前的赤脚医生，在人民公社解散后，没

有公共的支持，大都再成了农民。没有医生，村民的小病

成了重病，孩子吃了河里的生水，得了痢疾，脱水差�死

了；一个孩子砍柴时砍到脚，发炎不治，一只脚跛了……

　　　

学校来了申请，要求支持孤儿男孩；卫生院来了申请,

要求支持卫生员和卫生员培训。

邻村，邻县，来了申请支持女童入学，我们开始深刻

4Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

感受到贫困农民的孩子特别是女童上学难，偏远乡村缺医

少药的普遍需求。

他们的梦想，成为了滋根的梦想和滋根支持的孩子见面, 和老师、家长们一起喝酒。

我们不是去检查项目, 我们是去看望他们, 看怎么改进工

作。 滋根和方祥的孩子、老师、村民成了朋友, 成了家

人, 成了建设家乡的伙伴。

当时雷山县的教育局派了副局长李文和秘书石声德做

滋根的联络人，卫生局的吴如群, 保护处的余志彪，退休

的老教育局长余志芳，司法局长胡志鸿等都成了滋根项目

顾问, 乡和村里的一些老师及村长也成了滋根的朋友, 每

次到雷山县城或是到深山苗寨，我们都有一群对本乡本土

关心, 对滋根关心的当地人, 我们在一起谈着如何发展家

乡，他们的梦想，成为了滋根的梦想。

我们又在李慧仪家开会, 谈的都是怎样捐款, 怎样让

更多人知道中国贫困人民需要。要捐款，首先拉亲戚朋

友，捐�的人需要给收条, 要有财务报告, 要编写滋根通

讯, 要办捐款餐会。滋根会员们多有自己的工作，这些事

只能够在下班后和周末去做。一日又一日，一年又一年，

二十年过去了。

从美国通往遥远方祥的路上，坐飞机，火车，运货拉

猪的大卡车，小汽车，最后爬山涉水，爬三座大山，淌水

过两条河，我每年一次，不间断的走了十三年，直到通了

公路。

孩子一天天长大了，滋根也逐年成长滋根支持的孩子们一天天长大了, 进了初中, 进了高

中, 进了大学, 。。她们毕业后，回村成为第一个女老

师，第一个女卫生员；有的进城务工，给家乡带进了收

入，讯息和技能；更多的则留乡创业，在村里改进生产，

成立了妇女小组，发动村民建设家乡。二十年前的女童，

今日的妇女，是发展乡村家园的主力军。乡村发展需要人

才：滋根开始从事乡村领袖人才的培训， 乡村教师的培

训， 更直接的 为乡村发展培训人才。

二十年来，滋根长期支持中国十一个省的二百多个贫

困学校和乡村的基础教育、基本医疗卫生、乡土文化及环

境改善。滋根支持当地人缺少的基本需要，当地提出项目

5Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

计划, 当地执行项目，滋根只给一些必要的支持，滋根只

是起一个雪中送炭的作用。

从苗乡小妹到村寨建设者十四岁才上小学一年级的李雪花，初中毕业后，看到

村里没有女老师，回到村里做代课老师，十年过去了，李

雪花离开了学校，组织妇女，成立了妇女中心和绣花小

组，带动妇女建设家园。

·14岁才上小学一年级的杨艳英，师范大学毕业了，

回到村里，做了女老师，

·杨竟芬卫校毕业了，成为村里的第一个女卫生员

·更多的女童初中毕业了，是能写能算，有科学知识

的农民

·吴晓平初中毕业了，加入了村妇女小组，留村创业

改善家园。

共建美丽的毛坪村 坐落在崇山叠嶂的苗岭深处的毛坪村，滋根在这儿从

支持女童上学开始，如今：

·中年以下的女性村民都完成了小学、初中教育；

·村中有熟悉村民的女卫生员为村民就近看病；

·全村推广了节柴灶；砍柴不用走那么远了，妇女的

劳动力得到解放；

·留村的妇女成立了妇女小组，把妇女们团结起来，

组织绣花以及各种活动，成为带动乡村发展的一个主要力

量。

不同背景，不同地方，走到了一起从1970到2009，四十年过去了，当年意气风发，激情

理想的保钓朋友们，已不再年轻，大多已从工作中退休，

但他她们仍然关心世界，关心社会，从不同层面默默的为

一个更公平合理的未来做贡献。

二十年来参与滋根的保钓朋友们，仍然本着做小事，

做实事的精神，走村串寨，访问贫困农村农民，了解她们

的困难和需要，参与滋根的捐款，宣传，通讯等等工作。

滋根会员的数目不断增加。他／她们来自于美国、香

港、台湾、欧洲，近年来更多的来自中国大陆。大家来自

不同的地区，不同的背景，不同的职业，因着滋根，从陌

生到熟悉。

Continued from page 1the Chinese people were able to independently rise up with dignity and regenerate themselves – this was such a heartening transformation!

During the 1960s and 70s, the American Civil Rights movement, the anti-Vietnam war movement and the global and the world's surging social movements fl ourished, on campus and in the streets, the protests, demonstrations and debate touched many people's souls, and activated our many years of isolated life. At this time in mainland China, the Cultural Revolution proposed the creation of a more equal society, in which workers, peasants and soldiers are masters of the country , and promoted new content in culture in which not all were emperors, but mainly workers, peasants and soldiers.

This has made us to refl ect on the life philosophy based on one’s self and acting as an elite, and to seek a new path in life.We started consciously seeking reading materials that could not be seen in the mainstream American and Taiwan culture such as reports on hunger and thirst in order to understand what is imperialism, socialism, and the new China. In the school organizations, study sessions spontaneously led to resistance against imperialism, against the KMT government in Taiwan, recognition of the new China, and changes in self-based value system , including patriotism as well as the introduction of socialism.

Since the 1980s, we have left our schools, and each of us have our own work and families. But due to the influence of “Baodiao”, the kindle of our wish to make a contribution to this society had never been extinguished. What could be done? If not big things, the little things could still be done. I believe this was the start of Zigen’s advocacy of “doing the little and practical things.”

Advocating Doing the Little and Practical ThingsAt the time, Baodiao activists Hsu-Lin Tung was a member

of the staff at the United Nations, and had participated in the “1% Fund” of the United Nations. This was organized by some United Nations staff members to donate 1% of their annual income for the purpose of supporting small-scale projects in developing countries. Hsu-Lin Tung proposed that “we may use the same experience to found an organization to accomplish much with little, doing the little and practical things.” This was the background of the Zigen Fund’s founding.

Hsu-Lin Tung proposed the vision of the Zigen Fund as one of “human-centered, sustainable development.” This is not merely an empty slogan. In a society with an economic model that only considers “goods” and not “human beings”, and only considers GNP and economic consumption, is unsustainable. Interpersonal relations are governed by “material goods”, and present persons are using the resources of future generations, resulting in the ever worsening of our environment.

Therefore we wish to see a “human-centered, sustainable development,” a development model that is in harmony with nature and is based on cooperation. Within development, the

fi rst priority is the guarantee of each person’s basic needs; thus the targets of our support are “poor people in China’s remote border region” and the content of our support are “basic human needs”, including basic education, health care, nutrition and the promotion of environmentally sound technologies. Zigen also emphasizes girl children and women’s education and rights to equal opportunities for development.

Why choose mainland China? Mainland China is our common homeland, and we share a common language and race, and Chinese culture and history is deeply within our hearts. Furthermore, at the time China was still a developing country, and in addition to the infl uence of “Baodiao”, so we could not forget our careworn motherland with its long history.

Finding Baodiao Friends to Donate Funds and Labor

With a vision, target of support and a concrete goal, we needed funds as well as personnel. Of course, with regard to “people”, the first priority was to find old Baodiao friends. In 1988, in our New York home, we found a group of old “Baodiao” friends, including Ju Naiqian, Tengfang Lee, Hsu-Lin Tung. They were later joined by Vicky Liu, Hongyuan Cao, Lily Chen and Lapyan Chan. These people became the strongest supporters of the Zigen Fund. Every one donated $3000, which served as Zigen’s starting capital.

Afterwards, we felt that the support of those in New York was not enough, and we also needed support from Taiwan. Very fortuitously, we met Jialing Han, who was visitng the U.S. from Taiwan, and discussed the “Zigen Fund” and support for the development of China’s por regions with her. Jialing Han quickly joined and agreed: “Taiwan will also have a Zigen.” She compiled a name list including more former Baodiao participants in Taiwan. According to her, “only they were the most enthusiastic.”

In 1990, I had left Taiwan for 20 years, and returned to Taiwan for the fi rst time, where I immediately started to recruit members and raise funds from my sister Yang Hsiao-Ting’s apartment. At the time I did know a single person, and made telephone calls to Yingcheng Chen, Chu-Chiu Hsia, Wang Xiaobo, Li Shenfen, and told them: “We have a Zigen to support the development of China’s poor regions, do you want to participate?” “OK!” “Fine, please donate.” In this manner, the “Chinese Zigen Association” was founded in Taiwan in 1992. Though Hsiao-ting Yang had not participated in “Baodiao”, she has always been Taiwan Zigen’s backbone and main force.

Just as falling leaves return to their roots, mainland China should also have a Zigen. After an extremely arduous process, in 1996 a nationwide civil society organization was founded in China and registered in the national civil affairs bureau with the name “China Zigen Association for the Promotion of Rural Education and Development”. At the time, a number of board members of China Zigen including Zhao Yufeng, Dai Xinsheng,

6Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

Chen Jianai, and Fan Yuenian had all been participants in Baodiao in Europe and the U.S., and returned to work and reside in mainland China.

In 2007, “Hong Kong Zigen” was founded in Hong Kong. To date, the U.S., mainland China, Taiwan and Hong Kong all have a legally independent, mutually cooperating sister organizations with common ideals.

Many of Zigen’s members and supporters have participated in “Baodiao”, and “Zigen” has consequently carried the Baodiao Movement’s deep impression and contributions. Of course, there have been many who did not participate in the Baodiao movement that have gradually participated in “Zigen”.

In Search of Poor Regions, From Chance to Choice

With a formal organization and 3000 dollars, the targets of support are people in poverty, who are of course in the countryside. But where to find those poor in the countryside? At that time, only a few among those participating in Zigen had gone to mainland China, and among those in mainland China, they had only been to cities such as Beijing and Shanghai, and none had gone to the countryside. What was to be done? In life there are many accidents, and some accidents have results while others pass with the wind. It was by accident that I met Tsinghua University Professor Mao Jianxiong in the U.S.. His younger brother Mao Jianquan was teaching at Guizhou Institute of Technology, and “he knew everyone in Guizhou, the poorest province in China”. Professor Mao brought us to Guiyang, after which we started to support the purchase of books in a township center and the fates of Zigen and Guizhou were joined.

Starting from the 1990s, on the suggestion of Professor Mao, Hsu-Lin Tung and I arrived at Leishan County in Qiandongnan Miao-Dong Autonomous State. During the interview, we encountered a Miao female substitute teacher who asked, “Why do you not support girls to go to school? In my village, many girls are not going to school. Before there were many, but now there are only a few few in fi rst and second grades. In the higher grades, there is not even one girl.”

I was very surprised, and requested to visit her village. The journey was extremely arduous, and as there was no public transportation, we had to rent an old truck for carrying livestock to drive us into the Miao villages deep in the mountains. The route was made up by a winding, dirt, mountain road that had been scoured by water and was surrounded by deep gullies. The truck was bumpy, and on both sides of the road were steep cliffs without any guard barriers in between, which was totally staggering. After three hours of staggering journey, the truck fi nally stopped. We thought we had arrived, but the local guided pointed to a path overgrown by weeds and announced that we would start walking on foot. Having climbed three mountains and crossed rivers, we fi nally arrived at a tiny Miao village.

In the village we met many girls younger than 10 years of age carrying their even younger brothers and sisters while tending fi elds. When I asked, “Are you going to school?” they

lowered their heads and I understood that they had never gone to school.An in-depth investigation – why were so many girls

not going to school?With regard to the reality and reasons for low enrollment

of girls, I interviewed students, parents, teachers and villagers. I discovered that the local enrollment rate for boys was 77%, and for girls only 27.8%. Many schools were almost entirely made up of boys apart from the first and second grades. In some schools, there were no girls at all. After a large number of interviews and investigations, I determined that the following factors were mainly responsible for determining enrollment of girls in school:

Parents are unable to afford expensive book fees and tuition fees. At the time, though the compulsory education law had already been in place for several years, free education had not been achieved, and poor parents could not afford the book fees and school fees. At the time, the annual tuition for a primary school student was RMB 40, but the annual income of a farmer was less than RMB 100. They needed these funds to purchase seeds, fertilizers, lamp oil, etc., and thus were unable to obtain funds to send their children to school. The school expenses of many boys also had to be borrowed or gathered. For example, a family with two school aged children would always sacrifi ce the girl.

2. Schools are located too far from home. Many village schools only have first and second grades, and higher grade students must walk 2 or 3 hours to the central school. Boarding conditions in the central school are extremely poor, and children must bring fuel and rice, and girl students are unsafe, causing anxiety among parents.

3. Traditional thinking favoring males over females, in addition to parents having to bear expensive school fees reinforces parents having to favor boys going to school instead of girls.

At the same time, I have also seen that Chinese peasants value education, and in my interviews I met many parents who were in tears because they were unable to send their children to school.

From Ages 6 to 14, Younger and Older All Came to School – the First of Twenty Years

Bringing the applications from the Leishan County Bureau of Education requesting support for school girl scholarships in the 12 most remote villages in Fangxiang Township, I returned to New York. Zigen Chairperson Lily Lee immediately convened a general meeting. There were over 300 school girl dropouts in the 12 villages, and we had much discussion on whether to support all of the girls: for example, were all students in need of support?

How to choose? If all were to be supported, where would the funds come from?

In the end, everyone agree on full support through increased fundraising from outside, with members covering any

7Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

remaining expenses.

Zigen and the Leishan Bureau of Education signed a contract, with Zigen providing scholarships for all schoolgirls between ages 6 and 12 for a period of 6 years, enabling poor girl students to feel secure about graduating from primary school. At the time, the scholarship amount for a child over one year was $7. With the spread of the news that girls could go to school for free and the teachers mobilizing each household to enroll girls in school, all the girls in the village except for a few that were enrolled in the fourth and fi fth grades, came to enroll in the fi rst grade of school, with some even bring their younger siblings. Li Xuehua of Getou Village and Yang Yanhua of Jiaola Village were already 14 years of age when they became fi rst graders. Guests from Far Away Arrive one by one at Miao

Villages in the Deep MountainsIn 1991, myself and Zigen member Moo-Ming Poo

(renowned Professor of Biology), Taiwan University Professor Yang Hsiao-Ting and two other members gathered in Guiyang, and arrived in Leishan County town after an 8-hour train ride and 2-hour bus ride. Having arrived in Leishan, we travelled again to Fangxiang. Moo-Ming Poo and Hsiao-Ting Yang very seldom hiked mountains, and did not have suitable footwear, and had to walk step-by-step. After an arduous trek, they fi nally arrived at Getou Village in Fangxiang Township.

We boarded in the peasants’ homes, and at dawn we heard the village center fi ll with the sound of loud and clear reading which shook the wooden planks of the primary school. The dormitory also was shaken, the children’s faces were reddened with excitement, and the village was full of the flavor of life. Teachers informed us that upon their learning girls could go to school free of charge, they went to each household to persuade parents to send their children to school. The Leishan County Bureau of Education also provided its full support, and the number of students increased, and with the need for more teachers, the Bureau of Education dispatched experienced teachers who had graduated from normal institutions to the village primary school. After leaving Getou Village, the girls sent us on our way while singing Miao songs, until our fi gures had disappeared behind the mountain ridges.

We continued on our journey deep into the mountains of Fangxiang, where there were 8 more schools. The mountain trail on this section of the journey was even longer and steeper, and we had to climb over two high mountains, and we descended the trail exhausted when we fi nally arrived at a small river without a bridge or path on the opposite bank. All of us could only take off our shoes and roll up our trousers to wade across the icy river waters. All along the way, Hsiao-Ting Yang would demand to know how much longer the trip was, and blame her footwear, and after passing three mountain peaks, arrived four hours later at the center of Fangxiang in Pingxiang Village.

We entered the village, and along the way we saw a run-down wooden house, which was probably the school. In front

of the wooden house, several children were chasing each other on the dirt courtyard in play, among which were two girls. We asked, “What are your ages? Are you going to school?” They replied in a loud voice: “We are all going to school.” Remembering our investigation from the previous year, there were only two girls in the school, and we deeply felt the impact of Zigen’s scholarships. We all spent the night in the village, residing in the villagers’ homes without electric lighting and together discussed with the villagers and teachers about the village’s history, the hardships of the peasant life, and the diffi culties of children in going to school. In this village deep in the mountains, far away from the outside world, we were so close together in sharing concern for one issue: “the hardship of girls going to school.”

On Each Visit We Identify More NeedsEach year afterwards, a number of Zigen members and

volunteers would all go to Fangxiang at their own expense, and would likewise climb mountains and valleys, and wade across rivers to live in the homes of peasants. Some of the girls supported by Zigen had entered the fi fth grade, and the teachers in the school and villagers had all become old friends. On each visit, we would always have discussions with them deep into the night: we would discuss their customs and traditions, their needs, and their ideal home villages.

The teachers and poor villagers had the most basic fantasy: girls were going to school, and the enrollment rate of boys had also increased, but there were still some orphan children whose lives were even harder and did not have money to go to school; the barefoot doctors in the village, following the dismantlement of the people’s communes, did not have public support, and most became peasants again. Without doctors, the minor illnesses became major, and when children drank untreated water from the river, they contracted dysentery and almost died from dehydration; one child cut his own feet when cutting wood, and became crippled.

The applications came from the schools requesting support for the orphan boys; applications came from health clinics requesting support for medical staff and training. Other applications came from neighboring villages and counties requesting support for girls school enrollment. We began to deeply feel the impact the difficulty that poor peasants in sending their children to school, particularly girls, and the common needs of remote villages with shortage of medical care and medicine.

Their Dreams Became Zigen’s DreamsWe met with the Zigen-supported children, and drank wine

together with the teachers and parents. We were not there to inspect projects, but to see them and to improve our work. Zigen and Fangxiang children, teachers and villagers became friends, relatives, and partners in building their communities.

At the time, the Leishan County Bureau of Education appointed Vice-Bureau Chief Li Wen and Secretary Shi Shengde to become Zigen’s contact persons, and Wu Ruqun of the

8Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

Health Bureau, Yu Zhibiao of the Department of Environmental Protection , retired Educational Bureau chief Yu Zhifang, and Justice Bureau Chief Hu Zhihong all became Zigen project consultants. Some teachers and mayors in the townships and villages also became Zigen friends, and each time we arrived at Leishan County town or the Miao villages deep in the mountains, there was always a group of local people who were concerned for their hometowns and countryside, and for Zigen. We discussed together how to develop their hometowns, and their dreams became Zigen’s dreams.

Again we convened at the home of Lily Lee, discussing how to donate funds and let more people know the needs of the poor in China. To raise funds, fi rst we had to bring together relatives and friends, and give receipts to donors, prepare financial reports, compile Zigen newsletters, and organize fundraising dinner parties. Zigen members all had their own jobs, and this work could only be done after fi nishing their own jobs or on the weekends. One day after another, and one year after another, twenty years passed.

From America to the roads of distant Fangxiang, every year I rode planes, trains, and cargo trucks and small cars, until finally we had to climb over three mountains and cross two rivers without interruption for 13 years, until it was accessible by highway. Children Have Grown up Daily, and Zigen has also

grown over the yearsThe children supported by Zigen have grown up day by

day, and have entered middle school, high school and university. Following graduation, they have become the first female teachers, the first female health workers; some have gone to work in the city, and provided income for their families, as well as information and skills; more have stayed in their township to build their careers, improve production in the village, founded women’s groups, and mobilized villagers to build their hometowns. The girls from twenty years ago are today’s women, and the primary forces in developing the countryside. Rural development needs talent: Zigen has begun to carry out rural leadership training and rural teachers training in order to more directly cultivate talent for rural development.

Over twenty years, Zigen has supported basic education, health and medical care, local culture and environmental improvements in over 200 villages in 11 provinces of China. Zigen has provided support for locals where there is a shortage of basic needs, for local project proposals and supervision of projects. Zigen only provides necessary support, and plays only the role of giving temporary relief.

From Miao Countryside Little Sister to Village Builder

Having started first grade at 14 years of age, Li Xuehua, following graduation from middle school, saw that there were

no female teachers in the village, and returned to the village to serve as a substitute teacher. After 10 years, Li Xuehua left the school and organized the women to establish a women’s center and embroidery group, mobilizing them to build their community.

Having started the fi rst grade at the age of 14, Yang Yanhua graduated from Normal University and returned to the village to become a female teacher.

Yang Jingfen has graduated from medical school, and become the village’s fi rst female health worker.

More girls have graduated from middle school, and are able to write and calculate, and are peasants with scientific knowledge. Wu Xiaoping has graduated from middle school, joined a women’s group, and remained in the village to build her career and improve the community.

Building the Beautiful Maoping Village TogetherDeep in the lofty peaks and valleys of the Miao mountains

in Maoping Village, Zigen first started supporting girls education. At present:

Female villagers younger than middle age have all completed primary and middle school education.

The village has local female health workers nearby treating villagers. \

The entire village has promoted fuel-saving stoves; the walking distance for cutting wood has been shortened, and the women’s labor has been relieved.

The women remaining in the village have established a women’s group, uniting the women and organizing an embroidery group as well as various activities, and become the main force in driving rural development.

Different Backgrounds and Locations, Walking Together

From 1970 to 2009, over 40 years have passed, the once high-spirited, passionate and idealistic Baodiao friends are no longer young, and the great majority have retired from work. Yet they still care for the world and society, and they silently make contributions on various levels to a more just and equitable future. The Baodiao friends who have participated in Zigen for twenty years have kept the spirit of doing the small and practical things, and still walk through and around the villages to visit the poor peasants and understand their difficulties and needs, and participate in Zigen fundraising, publicity and dissemination work.

The number of Zigen members is increasing continuously. They originate from the U.S., Hong Kong, Taiwan, Europe, with more from mainland China in recent years. Every one originates from different regions and backgrounds, different occupations, but because of Zigen, they have gone from strangers to the familiar.

Pat Yang

9Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

村校行记

6月下乡做项目访问去了高岩村、三角田村、南猛村，

以及高岩小学、三角田小学、岔河小学，这些村校全部都

是滋根在贵州省雷山县的“一校一村”项目村。

之前了解到一些图书项目的情况，但仅限于学生讲故

事，而学生讲的故事是在我们资助的书里找出来的，比

如：《小猪过生日》《骆驼和羊》等。深入到学校了解，

才知道学生对于图书阅读，不仅仅是为了讲故事比赛，更

多是为了提高学习成绩和阅读能力。

到高岩小学正是课间操时间，学生都整齐的排着对在

操场上做早操，用一双双好奇的眼睛看着我们。因为学生

流动的原因，高岩小学每年都是隔年招生，现在的班级有

1、3、5、三个班级，明年会招2、4、6个班级。一年级的

学生说：“很想看图画多一些书，因为字很多很难认不出

来”。我随手拿了书架里的有图画的书发现书都被抢破边

了，班主任老师说，这个班的学生经常抢书看，有时候抢

不到的还要吵架，连老师都没有办法，如果抢其他东西可

以批评学生，可是抢着看书，老师实在找不到什么理由来

批评学生，只希望下次配书的时候可以多配一些。

了解完图书项目以后，校长又与我们交流了去年滋根

在学校实施的一些项目：比如：营养加餐、民族民间文化进课堂等项目效果都很不错，有专门的人 负 责 来 煮 面条、米粉、稀饭等给学生补助营养加餐。民族民间文化进课堂项

目从去年9月份开始实施到今年3月份，效果很不错，但是因为教民间文化的老师病逝了，现在暂时由学校的金老师来教学生，校长说还会找民间更好的老师来教学生吹芦笙。

下午，我们去了岔河小学，这个学校只有图书阅读项目，学校老师和学生对于滋根还有些陌生，不过都非常的有积极性，学校的图书阅读6个班级都有。学生很踊跃的说自己想要看的书，三年级的李胜江说他只想看《十万个为什么》，还有五年级的杨春雨喜欢看《水浒传》，那些书柜里的书大家都看完了，他们希望看更多的书。

下午4点钟我们去了南猛芦笙村，滋根资助这个村的项目主要有修建芦笙场，15个学生助学金，维修村活动室，做过一期妇女健康卫生培训等项目。村民们还是那么的热情、好客，虽然没有12道拦路酒，但是也有了两道拦路酒。　

第二天我们很早就去了三角田村，三角田学校的学生是我看到这三所学校学生最多的一所。他们都是来自乌响村、青山村、乌吉民村等5个自然寨的学生158名，走进教室，引人注目的是滋根图书架上贴着的“滋根图书角”，这是三个学校唯一有滋根图书标签的学校。学生的气氛也感觉到不一样，后来了解到滋根曾经在这个学校给学生做过培训，这也就是他们与其他学校的不同之处的缘故吧。

离开学校后我们去了三角田村，村长带我们去看资助芦笙项目，已经购买了崭新的13把芦笙放在村委正等着过鼓藏节的时候吹。村长还向我们提出要修建芦笙场以及做妇女刺绣和健康卫生的项目，大冲自然寨有想申请栏杆围芦笙场的需求，因为那个芦笙场在河边比较危险，村民在操场上打球和跳芦笙都不安全。

两天的下来感觉收获很大，通过了解，下次资助的图书要结合当地的学校意见，多配一些适合学生看的书，还可以在学校多开展民族民间文化进课堂项目。村里可以多做一些妇女方面的培训项目，特别是妇女健康卫生，手工刺绣等，支持一些在地文化的发展与文化的延续也是比较的有意义。

张云飞

滋根资助高岩小学图书

学生中餐——还在等着还没有到位的同学

热情好客的苗族妇女

滋根志愿者周忠民老师与村民

10Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

Last June I went on a tour of Gaoyan Village, Sanjiaotian Village, Nanmeng Village, and Gaoyan School, Sanjiaotian School, and Chahe School. All these schools are part of “one school and one village” project of ZiGen in LeiShan Country of GuiZhou Province.

Prior to the school visits, what I had learned about their libraries was limited only to story-telling projects based on books we had provided-- Little Piggy's Birthday, The Camel and the Sheep, etc.. It was during my visit that I learned that the students read the books not just to engage in story-telling competitions but more to improve their grades and raise their reading ability.

I arrived at Gaoyan School when the children were all lined up, doing calisthenics during recess. They looked at us with curiosity Due to the high turnover, Gaoyan School recruited students only every other year, so at the time my visit, there were only fi rst, third, and fifth grades, with second, fourth, and sixth graders to be recruited next year. Some fi rst-graders said, "We would like to have more picture books. We can't read all those diffi cult characters." I checked the picture books on the bookshelves and found that they were all torn and frayed at the edges. The fi rst-grade teacher said that the children often fought for the picture books, and there was little she could do, because she could scold them if they fought for other things, but when it was books they fought for, she couldn't think of a reason to reproach them and could only ask us to provide more of such books in the future.

After I finished checking the library project, the school principal told us about some other Zigen projects that had started last year: like the school-meal nutrition project and the folk-culture class project. Both were successful. There was an assigned dietician responsible for the nutrition of the school meals, and the folk culture project had been successful since its inception last September until March this year, when the teacher

of the course died of illness. Mr. Jin on the school's faculty had taken over as a temporary substitute, but the principal said he would seek a better teacher from the community to teach the children to play the lusheng pipe.

In the afternoon, we went to Chahe School, which had only one project--the library project. The teachers and the children were not yet very well acquainted with Zigen, but they were filled with enthusiasm. Their library project covered all six grades. The children told me what books they wanted to read. Li Shengjiang, a third grader, said he wanted to read Ten Thousand Whys. Yang Chunyu, a fi fth grader, told m he would like to read Water Margin. The children had fi nished reading all the books on the bookshelves and asked for more.

At 4 pm we went to Lusheng Village of Nanmeng. Zigen's projects for this village included building the Lusheng Playground, offering 15 scholarships, repairing the Village Recreation Center, and a women's health training program. The villagers were as cordial as ever and treated us to liberal servings of wine.

Early the next morning we went to Sanjiaotian Village School, whose student body was larger than the other two, with 158 students coming f rom Wuxiang Village, Qingshan Village, Wujimin Village and two other villages. When I went into a classroom, the first thing that caught my eye was the Zigen bookcase with the label "Zigen Books Corner." This was the only school where I saw a Zigen label. The ambience of the school was also different

from the other two schools. Later I learned that Zigen had trained the students there, which probably accounts for the difference.

After leaving the school, we went on to Sanjiaotian Village. The village head took us to see the lusheng project. Thirteen brand-new lusheng pipes had been deposited at the Village Committee's offi ce, waiting to be played at the Guzang Festival. The village head talked about the afore-mentioned playground project, and asked for projects for courses on embroidery and health. Dachong Village asked for railings around the Lusheng Playground because, situated right by the river, it could be dangerous for villagers to play ball and other games there.

The two-day visit was a rewarding experience for me. I learned that in the future, we need to consider suggestions from the schools when we donate books, to provide books suited to the children's needs, to have more courses on folk culture, and to launch more projects for the village women, especially courses on women's health and hygiene, embroidery, etc., in support of the development and continuation of local culture.

A Tour of Three Village SchoolsZhang Yunfei

11Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

记美乐完小饮水项目丁思悦

The Drinking-water Project of Meile School

Ding Siyue打开水龙头就可

以接到干净清澈的自来水，这对于在城市生活的人来说是再自然不过的。然而对于丽江黎明乡美乐小学的孩子们来说，他们最大的愿望就是能随时用到干净而没有杂质的水。

这个愿望终于变成了现实。随着滋根水源项目的投入，云南省丽江市玉龙县黎明乡美乐小学的老师们在山上确定了3个固定水源并修建了4个水池。水源的水被引到水池中将落叶淤泥等杂质沉淀再流入下一个水池，如此重复直到最后一个水池中。从最后这个水池流出的水基本来说非常清澈，足以用来洗漱或者做饭。

在水源项目的投入之前，学校是直接从水源处用铁管引水下来的。中间没有任何过滤的过程，水中杂质很多。尤其是到了下雨的时候，水源周围的淤泥混入水中，从水管中接出来的水浑浊不堪，根本没法使用。有的水源附近还有一些施工场地，水质污染十分严重。

然而即使是这样受了污染的水也不是总能有的。当时学校里总是断水，一周甚至会发生两三次。因为水管很容易生锈，连接水管处的塑料又非常容易老化碎裂，再加上有些水管是露在地面上的，一旦有车经过就会压断。一旦断水，所有的课程根本没办法正常进行：老师会带着一些学生上山寻找水管断裂的具体位置，有时要花上整整一天的时间；而剩下的学生则要到下面村子储水的地方去抬水。抬水的过程中不可避免的会洒水在身上，赶上冬天的话孩子们真的很辛苦。

美乐小学也曾试着和村子商量共用储水，然而整体水量比较少，供村子里的人都不见得供的上来，很多情况下小学根本抽不上水来。当找水源、抬水变成了美乐小学师生的另一项“作业”后，孩子们的学习生活势必会收到非常大的影响。小学的老师们焦急万分却也无能为力。好在水源项目的到来解决了这一问题，如今孩子们再也不用担心断水的问题了。现在每天晚上，孩子们都会排着队拿着脸盆，到水龙头那里接水洗漱。

小学的孩子们不爱喝热水所以总是直接饮用水龙头中没有经过过滤和净化的水。水中大量的细菌让孩子们非常容易生病，尤其是拉肚子。有时候将近半个班的孩子同时拉肚子，连上厕所都变成一件很困难的事情。最严重的时候将近二百人的学校最后能坚持上课的只剩下四五十个孩子。

如此频繁的疾病不仅耽误了学生们的课程进度更是拖垮了他们的身体。于是滋根在2011年又给每个班配备了一个净水器。每日有值日生从水管理接了水倒入净水器里。净水器有效的过滤饮用水里面的大肠杆菌等细菌的含量，孩子们的饮水健康也终于得到了保障。

美乐小学饮水项目是服务于学校和社区的成功项目，值得进一步复制和推广，滋根根据当地的需求和积极性在云南省的项目地区开展“一校一村”的前景非常广阔。

吃饭时盛汤的孩子们

City dwellers take clean running water for granted, but the greatest wish of the children of Meile School, Liming Township in Lijiang, was to have easy access to clean water.

Their wish has at long last become a reality. As part of the Zizen Drinking Water Project, the teachers of Meile School chose three fi xed water sources on the hills and built four pools. Water from the sources sits in one of the pools until fallen leaves, silt and other impurities settle before it is channeled into another pool, and the same process is repeated until the water fl owing into the fourth and last pool is clean enough for washing and for cooking.

Before the Drinking Water Project kicked off, the school authorities had used iron pipes to bring water directly down from the sources without any fi ltering devices, so the water was by no means clean. Worse still, whenever it rained, the mud around the water sources would get into the water, rendering the water from the pipes completely unusable. The construction site nearby was another source of pollution.

And the supply of such polluted water was quite unpredictable. Water outages used to occur two or three times a week. The pipes rusted easily, the plastic connecting tubes aged and cracked quickly, and some pipes, laid on ground surface, got crushed under passing wheels. During a water outage, the teachers would take some students up the hills to locate the broken pipes--and endeavor that could take a whole day, and the rest of the students would go to a village downhill to carry water from the water tank. Inevitably water would splash onto the children as they carried it up. It was really hard on the children, especially if this happened in winter.

Meile School had tried to share the village's water but because the village didn't have much water to begin with, there was little water to spare for the school. When searching for water and carrying water had become an added "homework assignment" for the teachers and the students, the children's study and life suffered. The teachers felt exasperated but there was little they could do. Luckily Zigen's project solved their problem. Now the children don't have to worry about water outages. Every evening they stand in line, each carrying a washbowl, to get water from the taps to wash up.

Primary school children don't like drinking hot water and therefore are prone to drinking directly from the tap. The bacteria in the unfiltered and unpurified water easily make children sick, often with diarrhea. Sometimes, when half the children in a class came down with diarrhea at the same time, going to the lavatory could become quite a challenge. In worst cases, only forty or fifty children out of nearly two hundred could make it to class.

Such frequent bouts of illnesses not only held the children back from their studies but also took a toll on their general health. In 2011, Zigen provided each class with a water-purifi er. Every day, students on duty pour water from the pipes into the purifi ers which fi lter out a variety of bacteria and thus ensure safe drinking water for the children.

12Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

美乐完小化粪池项目记事

2 0 1 1年以前，若问起美乐小学的学生们最害怕的事情是什么，答案竟然不是作业 ， 不 是 考试，而是“排污 ” 。 他 们说，每次上完厕所之后都不敢冲水，生怕水漫了出来，因为这就意味着又要开始一轮“排污”了。到底什么是排污呢？原来美乐小学以前的厕所是我们常说的旱厕，没有化粪设备，仅在厕格挖一个大坑用作储粪，由于粪池长期暴露于空气中，因此会有臭气冲天、滋生蚊虫等卫生问题。而更严重的问题出现在当大坑满了的时候，在如此偏僻的学校中，挖粪挑粪之类的工作只能落在老师和学生们的身上。

跟美乐小学的校长雀伟老师聊起这个问题时，他也是感慨万分。据他介绍，这种“排污”活动，一个学期要进行两到三次，每次要持续整整一天。在那一天甚至之后的几天里，整个学校都弥漫着非常难闻的味道，根本上不了课。

每次排污的时候女老师都会带着一到三年级的学生在教室里自习，而男老师则要承担起挖粪的工作，把挖出来的东西装到桶里，再交给四五六年级的学生。而学生们则两人一组，负责把这一桶桶的东西从厕所运到学校外面的拖拉机上。

我们去美乐的时候六年级的孩子已经毕业了，所以我们就和五年级的学生们聊起了他们对排污的回忆。他们是学校里最后一批真正参与过排污的学生，虽然已经过去了几年，但在谈起来的时候，每个孩子都是记忆犹新。

每次排污之前，老师都会通知他们穿上最脏最烂的衣服，并且发给他们胶皮手套。即使每个人都小心翼翼，但是在走动的过程中还是避免不了的会洒出一些到地上或者是衣服上。据说，每次排污之后大家都会争先恐后的去洗澡洗衣服，但是无论洗的多认真，那难以忍受的味道总能跟随在他们身边很久。聊天的过程中，一个小姑娘还很羞涩的承认，她有一次在抬粪的过程中摔了一跤，虽然当时桶里的东

西已经倒了出去，但是地上还是有很多污物。小姑娘很坚强的没有哭，但是想来也一定觉得很郁闷很难堪。当时我问他们有没有人觉得排污这件事情很有意思，或者觉得能够有一天的时间不同上课感觉还挺好的，所有的孩子一致的把头摇得像拨浪鼓一样。

美乐小学位于老君山金沙江上游的黎明乡美乐村，学校周围以种植烤烟为主，而烤烟不能施用厕所里面的粪水，一旦浇上粪水，烤烟就会被烧苗而枯死。这是近几年美乐完小附近村民普遍该种烤烟后，学校厕所粪水成为一大难题的根本原因。所以他们每次挑粪出来都只能雇一辆拖拉机把大粪运到更加偏远的空地上。我们都知道这些粪水对金属是有很严重的腐蚀性的，在加上气味等等多种因

素，很少有拖拉机愿意运的，即使愿意收费也非常高。按每次2000元算的话，一个学期就要花费将近6000元在排污上。更别提每次运送经过乡里的人家和商铺时，大家的种种怨言。

好在这一切困难终于在2011年得到了转机。随着滋根化粪池项目的到来，学校的孩子们终于不再需要每隔几个

美乐完全小学的大门

13Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

丁思悦

4，000元），还弄得全体师生和校园、拉粪经过的街道全 都 臭 气 熏天。让人担心的是，如果学生在参与清除粪水劳动后个人卫生做不到位，很有可能导致细菌感染和导致寄生虫病，尤其是炎热的夏天，由粪水感染大肠

杆菌导致的腹泻、痢疾等疾病很容易对学生的健康产生危害。今年11月份，学校的化粪池项目在滋根滋根的经费资助下，在黎明乡中心校关心指导下，美乐完小学生家长投工投劳的支持下顺利竣工了，学校在也不用花高价请农用车来粪水了，教师、学生、家长最头疼的问题解决了，学校环境的到了改善，从而避免了学生的一些疾病；整个校园也不会再有粪臭的难闻气味了。”

月就忍受一次那难闻的气味了。而且随着苍蝇等蚊虫的减少，孩子们的疾病也得到了一定的控制。问起孩子们的感受得到的都是开心、方便、不臭了这样很淳朴的回答，记忆最深刻的就是一个孩子仰头灿烂的笑道：再也不怕给厕所冲水了！

美乐完小的校长雀伟老师感慨的说：“我们学校是以前散落在13个自然村的校点撤并后组建起来的。原来的厕所粪池的容量已经远远不能容纳现有人口的排放量，厕所粪满为患。师生们每学期都要全体总动员大干两次，一次3天，下到厕所的粪坑里用双手靠盆、桶，一盆一盆，一桶一桶，端到校门外高价（一次拉6趟要花2，000元）请来的车内拉走。师生们苦干一次浑身上下要臭10多天。厕所是全体师生和家长都头疼的问题，挤占了学校的教学经费（我们学校每年全部的教学经费就7，000元，拉粪就用了

The story of the septic-tank project of MeiLe primary school

Before 2011 ,if you asked the students of MeiLe primary school what they feared most, the answer was not homework or examination, it is “blowdown”. They said, each time after using the toilet, they dared not to fl ush water, afraid that water would overfl ow, because this meant the new round of “blowdown”. So, what is “blowdown”? so that is the original toi let in MeiLe was the latr ine

without running water that we used to say, there was no sewage equipment. Only a big pit was dug next to the toilet used for the storage of manure. For the holding tank was exposed to the air, there were some healthy problems like stinking smell assaulting everyone's nostrils, and mosquito-breeding etc. what was worse, when the holding tank was full, in such a remote school, only the teachers and the students could take the responsibility of pollution discharge.

When talking about this problem with the headmaster of MeiLe primary school, teacher QueWei, he was fi lled with a thousand regrets. As he explained, this kind of “blowdown” activity would be carried on two or three times a semester, and each time would last a whole day. During that day, even the following several days, the unpleasant smell spread all over the school, we could not have class at all.

Each time during pollution discharge, the female teachers would take the students from grade 1 to grade 3 make self-studies in the classroom. While the male teachers was undertaking the work of digging manure, and put it into a bucket, and then hand it over to the students of grade 4, 5 and 6.and the students work in pairs, their duties were transporting the buckets of these things to a tractor outside the school. When we went to MeiLe, children of grade 6 had graduated. So we talked with grade 5 students about their memories of

14Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

Ding Siyue

“blowdown”. They were the last batch of students who had really participated in the pollution charging. Although years had passed, when talking about this, each child had a vivid memory.

Each time before the “blowdown”, teachers would inform them to put on the worst clothes, and gave them rubber gloves. Even if everyone was very careful, inevitably, some of the manure would be spilled to the ground or clothes while walking. It is said that each time after the “blowdown”, everyone would

take a bath or do some washings falling over one another. But no matter how carefully you do it, the insufferable smell would stay around them for a long period. During the chat, a little girl acknowledged shyly that she fell down while she was carrying the manure. Although the manure in the bucket had been poured out, but there were a lot pollutions on the ground, the little girl did not cry with her strong will. But it must be depressed and embarrassed when you think about it. Then I asked

whether or not there was anybody thought it as a funny thing, or anyone would feel good while you got a day free of class, and all of them shook their head like a rattle.

MeiLe primary school locates in MeiLe village of LiMing country which lies at the upper reaches of JinSha River in LaoJun Mountain. Around the school, the main plant is flue-cured tobacco, Manure in the school latrine can not be applied to it. Once applied, the seeding of the flue-cured tobacco will wither due fertilizer burn. That is the basic reason why the manure became a big issue after the villagers around the MeLle generally begun to plant fl ue-cured tobacco. It is well known that the manure is corrosive to metals, with the unfavorable smell and some other factors, few were willing to transport that with tractors, even if they were willing to, the pay was will high. Counting 2000 yuan each time, almost 6000 would be cost on pollution discharge. Not to mention the complaints of people when passing by their houses and shops.

Fortunately, all the difficulties took a favourable turn in 2011. With the coming of septic-tank project of ZiGen, fi nally,

the school children did not have to bear the unfavourable smell once every few months. With the reduction of flies and mosquitos, children’s diseases got under control to some extent. When asking the feeling, all you got would be some very simple answers like pleasure, convenience and no more smell. The most impressive was that a child said brilliantly, while he was laughing into the air, that he would never be afraid of fl ushing the toilet.

Teacher CuiWei, the headmaster of MeiLe primary school, he sighed with emotion: Our school was formed after consolidating 13 village schools. The former holding tank could not nearly accommodate the manure of existing population, the holding tank was so full that it caused many troubles. Teachers and students had to work energetically twice a semester, 3 days a time. .they jumped into the holding tank, carried the manure with bowls and buckets , bowl by bowl and bucket by bucket, to a tractor outside the school which could carry the dirty things away.(2000 yuan for 6 rides every time). After one day’s hard work, the unpleasant smell would stay with you for more than 10 days. The toilet was a headache for all the teachers, students and parents. The education funds were misused on it(all the allocated education funds were 7000 yuan, and 4000 were cost on the “blowdown”.), the unpleasant smell stayed on teachers’ and students’ body and spread all around the school yard and the roads passed through. The worry was that , the bacteria and the parasites might cause some diseases i f p e r s o n a l hygiene was no t ensu red after the work, especially in hot summers. D i a r r h e a , dysentery and other diseases c a u s e d b y E . c o l i i n the manure , w e r e e a s y t o d o h a r m to students’ health. With the financial support of ZiGen and the guidance of centre school of LiMing village and with the labor support of students’ parents, the septic-tank project was completed in November of the year. It will never be necessary for the school to spend a lot money on hiring a tractor to carry the manure, the troublesome problem for teachers, students and the parents get resolved, the school environment get improved, some diseases of students will be avoided; in the entire school, the unfavorable smell is gone for ever.

15Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

产生原因：在2001年以前，几乎每个村子都能见到一

所小学校。我记得我小的时候就是在本村上的小学，等我

上高中的时候，我的小外甥就不在本村上学了，后来慢慢

地学生人数减少，学校被撤并了，其原因主要有：一是近

些年人口流动大，孩子随父母外出打工上学增多，二是许

多独生子女的家庭在农村增多，村里孩子自然会减少。于

是附近几个村子的学生汇到一个小学上学，到现在为止，

一村一所学校已经并不常见了，产生了两种模式下的学

校。其一是剩下的学校有幼儿班和一二年级的孩子和小学

生，这样的模式在当下普遍存在，以前村里被撤并的学校

保留下来后变成小教学点或小规模学校，例如青龙县草场

小学；其二就是地处偏远、交通不便，附近又没有可以合

并在一起的，所以被保留下来的小学校，例如青龙县花果

山小学，青龙镇马丈子小学，一般像这样的学校教师人数

少，采用包班教学，教师任务自然就重了许多，生源保证

不了的话，必定也会面临消失的命运。

发展趋势：2012年当我们还为撤点并校的政策积极改

善的时候，国务院总理温家宝主持召开国务院常务会议，

研究部署深入推进义务教育均衡发展和规范农村义务教育

学校布局调整工作，会议审议通过《教育督导条例（草

案）》，或许撤点并校的步伐真的要停下来了，但是现在

有许多地区还在建设楼房式的大规模小学，把大量的资金

投入到基础建设上，硬件投资远比软件的投资多的多，忽

略或忽视村校的基本设备的资源配置，村校的校长或负责

人为了能够改善一下自己学校环境，有的曾积极出去找一

些社会资金来弥补教育资金的空缺。随着政策的缓和与变

化，目前小教学点和小规模学校这两种模式被固定下来，

呈现一个乡镇中办学模式为交通好一些的是寄宿制学校管

理，不容易合并的学校成为小规模学校，合并之后的成

为小教学点，师资和设备优越上以此为寄宿制学校、小规

模、村教学点。

我们为什么要支持小规模学校：从撤点并校以后，我

们积极的支持了农村寄宿制学校学生生活营养改善，为在

校吃住的小学生提供营养补助，如今国家推出义务教育阶

段免费午餐的实施更好的解决了大部分农村偏远地区寄宿

制学生营养条件，完善了农村寄宿制学校生活条件，但是

资金的投入对小规模学校不沾边，对农村非寄宿制学校更

不沾边，光靠在校生名额给予额定资金，除了日常性行政

支出外，所剩无几，今年我们侧重小规模学校发展，以一

个乡镇为试点，对校点或小规模学校进行资助，目的是对

于改善教学环境，为师生学习获取帮助，一方面，小规模

学校现存的问题主要在于地处偏远的乡镇，教育资金投入

不足，教师培训机会非常少，有的教师任教十几年，没有

接受过较为系统的教师培训，更为重要的是教育教学给学

生的发展带来的提高成长相对而言步伐缓慢，接触新事物

方面要比城镇学生少得许多，另一方面，小规模学校承载

着就近入学的责任，减少学生上学的负担，为学生家长提

供着便利和放心。另外，因为建设寄宿制学校，离家远的

孩子在10岁以上就开始住校，孩子还不能自立，给老师和

家长带来很多生活上的不便利，然而小规模学校的学生就

近入学，学生家长方便照顾孩子，家庭教育中感受亲情的

爱对孩子的成长是起到至关重要的作用的。

第二，以乡镇为范围做项目，考虑尝试与地方总校建

立教学机制模式，把项目活动引入到教学活动中，对老师

教学成长作为一个评比参考，让教师有一个年轻的心态，

让学生成长有一个良好的过程，让老师提出意见或建议，

我希望在大家参与的同时共同改善项目存在的不足之处，

这样做并不是单一的为做项目而做项目，不然项目会孤

立，学生和教师参与度不够深入，尤其是小教学点和小规

模学校，更需要发展，更需要我们。

两代人的乡村小学

Small scale schools of villages

Before 2001,almost each village had a primary school. I remember when I was young, i attended my primary school in my village. And when i was in senior high school, my nephew did not go to the primary school in his village. Gradually, the number of the students decreased, and the schools were consolidated. There are some main reasons for this. The first one is that with the growth of the fl oating population in recent

years, when their parents work out, more and more children joined in the school in their parents’ working place ; Secondly, while the number of the one-child family increased in the village, the number of the children will decrease spontaneously. So the students of several nearby villages were gathered to one school. Until now, one village with one school is not common, and schools under two modes emerged. The first one are the

16Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

Gaoyang

高阳

remaining schools with kindergarten, grade one and grade two. This kind of mode is very common for now. The remaining schools in the village which were not consolidated changed into small teaching point or small school, the Grassland primary school in Qinglong country was a good example. The second kind are those schools that are remote, without convenient traffi c conditions, there was no nearby schools to be consolidated, so they got remained. For example, Huaguoshan primary school in Qinglong country, Mazhangzi primary school in Qinglong town. Generally, there are not too much teachers in this type of school, teaching in the one-teacher-for-one-class system, the teachers′ workload is very high. If the source of students can not be ensured, the school will face the destiny of evanishment.

Development trends: when we wanted to make some improvements for the “school consolidation” policy in 2012, the premier Wen Jiabao presided over a state council excutive meeting, making research and deployment to further promote the balanced development of compulsory education and adjustment to standardize the layout of rural compulsory education schools. Education Monitoring and Guidance Code Draft was discussed and passed during the meeting. Maybe the step of school consolidation will come to an end, but in many areas, building-like large scale primary schools are under construction. A lot funds are invested in the infrastructure construction, Investment in hardware is much more than the software, ignoring or neglecting the allocation of the basic equipments of village schools. In order to improve the environment of the schools, some of the headmasters or responsible persons actively went out and looked for some social funds to make up for the vacancies of education funding. With the detente and change of the policy, at present, small teaching points and small scale schools, these two modes are determined. Presenting such a school pattern in a town: schools with convenient traffic conditions are boarding schools; schools that are not easy to be consolidated become to be small scale schools; The consolidated schools changed to be small teaching points. The sequence of the superiority or teachers and equipments is boarding schools, small scale schools and small teaching points.

Why do we support small-scale schools: after the school consolidation, We actively support the improvement of living nutrition of rural boarding school students, providing nutrition subsidies for primary school students eating in school. Now the

implementation of “free lunch” policy during the compulsory education stage, which is promoted by the country, better improves the nutritional conditions of most of the remote rural boarding students, improve the living conditions of rural boarding schools. But the investment does not cover the small scale schools, not to mention the rural non-boarding schools. Only depends on the rated funds based on the students number, except for the routine administrative expenditure, very little remained. This year we put emphasis on the development of small-scale schools, taking a village or town as the experiment site, subsidizing the small teaching point and small scale school, aiming to improve the teaching environment and seek help for the study of teachers and students.

On one hand, the main problems for small scale schools are that they locate in the remote towns, education investment is insuffi ciency, the teachers have little chance to get trainings. Some have never got a systematic teacher training after teaching for more than 10 years. The chance of exposure to new things is far less than urban students. On the other hand, small scale schools take the responsibility of “nearby enrollment”, reducing the students’ load, providing parents with conveniences and reassurance. In addition, due to the construction of boarding schools, children over 10 years old who live far away will start to live at school. These children can not take care of themselves. this brings a lot inconveniences to teachers and parents. However, the small scale schools take the policy of “nearby enrollment”, it is easy for parents to take care of their children. It is crucial for children′ growth to feel the love of affection in family education.

Secondly, making projects in a township range, considering the attempt to establish a teaching mechanism mode with local educational institutions, introducing the project into teaching activities and taking this as a reference for the appraisement of teachers’ progress. Making our teachers have a young mind, letting the students to get a good growth progress, allowing the teachers to offer advices or suggestions. I hope everybody could figure out the shortcomings while participating in the project, so we are not making the projects only because we should. Otherwise, the project will be isolated, students and teachers can not make a further participation. Especially small teaching points and small-scale schools, they need development, need us!

17Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

2001年以来，政府围绕着提升义务教育办学质量，采取“以县为主”教育管理体制，并进行大规模的农村中小学布局调整和“撤点并校”行动。然而由于县级教育财政投入的不足，又正逢加速城镇化建设，这项举措的负面问题，逐渐暴露出来。将学校撤并后，采取的办法是办农村寄宿制学校。但农村寄宿制学校办学配套设施和人力都难以到位，导致上学远、上学贵、交通及食品安全、营养、管理师资不足等一系列问题，亟待解决！

为此，“校车”成为缓解由于学校被过度撤并，既不能住校路途又较远的学生上下学方案。可是在很多偏远山区，冬季路面长期结冰和山路崎岖，校车的安全隐患非常大。很多地方甚至因校车数量有限，学生只能轮流放假，又造成教学与生活秩序的混乱。究其原因，仍然主要是校车运行成本太高的问题。

在住校、校车和走读（就近入学）之间，通过一个阶段调查不难发现：

从教育负担上看：住校>校车>走读；（这里的费用是指政府投入、家长投入、社会投入的总和）

从人身安全问题上看：校车>住校>走读；（校车方案

主要表现在乡村道路交通安全问题上，住校主要表现在住校生集体生活的吃、住、行问题上）

然而，从教育效果上看：走读？住校？校车？过去，政府仅仅从现代化教学资源配备、教师资源集

中两方面考量，认为布局调整更加有利于提高教学质量。历史教育理论以及现实实践早已证明，以现行的农村寄宿制学校教育与管理方式，儿童获得的发展是片面的，对社会的责任感培育也是缺乏的！

事实上，乡村的教育资源广泛存在于生活和自然之中，现代化教学资源仅仅只是教育资源的一小部分；加强乡村师资的培养和保障才是最根本的，但不只是将教师学科化、媒体化的培养；还应该注重包班教学、复式教学、小班教学等多元化、多样化的培育与评价认可；特别是不能将分数选拔为唯一衡量标准，教育承载的意义还应包括对乡土的认同，对民族的责任，和受教育者的自尊、自信！

滋根的“一校一村”项目就是为了支持那些还保留有学校的村庄能够为孩子们的教育和村庄的发展以及本土文化的复兴提供一个综合的平台。

住校？校车？走读？

Boarding School? School Bus? Commuting?Since 2001, for the purpose of increasing the qualities of

compulsory education, our government adopts an educational system called “withdraw points and combine schools”. The program focuses on districts and calls for big-scale school closing in remote areas and reorganizations in central areas. But because the district level educational resources vary greatly, combined with the current pace of rapid urbanization, many shortcomings of this program have now surfaced. Many districts chose to meet the policy requirements by having country-side boarding schools. But many problems are now present for those boarding schools: long commutes, high fees, transportations, food safety, nutrition, lack of teaching resources and staff, etc. All these issues are in urgent need of resolutions.

School bus has become an answer to many of those schools that went through the over-closing and reorganizing process. High hopes were pinned to those buses to carry students who live far or can’t live in school. But in many remote areas, the roads are frozen in winter times, windy country roads are very narrow and steep—just to name a few of those school bus safety concerns. In many places, the numbers of school buses are so limited that students have to stay home and wait for turns—a practice to cause chaos in teaching and studying schedules. The root of the problems lies mostly in the high cost of running a school bus program.

Among the choices of boarding, school bus, and commuting (school near-by), it is not too diffi cult to fi nd out:

For cost concerns: boarding>school bus>commuting (the cost here are mostly calculated by the combined numbers of government funding, parent funding, and social funding)

For personal safety concern: school bus>boarding>commuting

(school bus’ main concern is the road safety on country sides; boarding school’s main concern is the living conditions of the schools).

But for the concerns of an effective education, which is better? Commuting? Boarding? Or School bus?

In the past, government made decisions based mostly on two considerations: modern education resource distributions and teaching resources concentrations. A reorganization of educational systems was thus adopted for the hope of increasing teaching qualities. However, the current practice and historical education theories have proved that the current boarding school system, among its administration and management styles, are very limited. The students’ developments and their sense of social responsibilities are also lacking behind.

In fact, the educational resources exist widely in country living and natures, and modern education is just a small part of the whole resources. The most essential thing to do is to preserve and to strengthen teaching staff in the country sides. This is not only for adding courses in teaching schools, or for exposing teachers to the media, but to pay more attention to multiple and complex teaching models and recognitions: for example charter classes, complex modeling, and small class teaching It is wrong to put school scores as the only measurement of a successful education. The meaning of an education should include appreciations of hometowns, social responsibilities, self-esteem and self-confi dence!

The goal of Zigen’s “One School One Village” program is to support those country-side schools and villages that can provide a balanced platform both for children’s education, the development of the village and for local culture’s preservation and developments.

18Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

Li Guangdui

李光对

滋根长期支持者朱迪.曼顿的来信

嗨，大家好：

现在我和我的部分工作人员在对朗德进行了一次完美

的访问之后来到了西江。周六那天，老师们带着我们来去

了一个美丽的湖边，然后去了一个相当优美的地方，处于

两山间的“一线天”。下一步，我们将会去雷山和我们之

前的姐妹们汇合。

我们感觉我们在黄平的英语教师项目是成功的，下一

年，我们将被邀请去做三周的回访，而不是像今年仅仅两

周的时间。李小平老师，贵州省黄平县的教育局副局长，

是一位专业的教育家，给我们留下了很深刻的印象。他曾

在英国和日本参加过教育培训，与他交流非常愉快。倪永

旺也多次从雷山过来，协助我们与当地教育部门进行很好

的互动，感觉非常愉快。

关于培训；我们发现，参加培训的46名老师英语水平

普遍很低，听力和写作技巧也都比较薄弱。他们甚至没什

么机会用英文交流，其中有几位在同我们交谈过程中还是

比较用心，也很专注的，但大多数还是无法做到有效的沟

通。尽管我说的是VOA“慢速英语”，但大部分人仍然很

难理解一些比较简单的句子。

不过，在第一周的培训中，他们开始放松，并且敢于

尝试一些简单的口语。在这个过程中，我们提供了一个全

英语式环境，并通过互动促进课堂的活跃性，这种方式得

到了他们的欣赏及认同。项目很成功，遗憾的是我们未能

给他们做第三周的课程。部分老师还设计出了示范课，得

到了我们的指导。基于这些老师已经接受过一定培训，李

老师便接受了辛西娅的建议，让他们组成一个培训团队，

并正式地受邀和其他的老师们一起分享我们这一套教学方

法。

这一年中，我们团队的四个人在已有的项目经验基础

上，取得了很不错的成绩。今年新加入的艾米丽.何，幼年

时光在中美两国生活过，是一个极为聪明的姑娘，她将在

清华大学就读农村发展专业的研究生；佐伊和杰里米，是

很棒的助教，他们很巧妙地平衡各自的多重角色并帮助我

们应付课堂上的各种问题。他们都是我们项目非常优秀的

人才。我们团队中有5个人能说中英文双语，唯独我的中文

是最后才慢慢学成的。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

致以诚挚的问候

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

朱迪.曼顿

A Letter From JudyHi, Everyone,Some of my staff members and I are now in Xijiang after

a wonderful visit to Langde. Saturday the teachers took us to a lovely lake where we went into an awesomely beautiful crevice between 2 mountains. Next we are going to Leishan where I will reunite with some former sts.

We feel our English for English Teachers Program in Huangping was successful and we have been invited back for next year for 3 weeks, rather than only 2 this year. Mr. Li Xiaoping, the director of education in Huangping County, Guizhou, is a dedicated educator and gave us a deep impression. A former English teacher with training in UK and Japan, communication with him was easy. Li Yongwang came several times from Leishan to interact with us and the local education offi cials. He’s delightful!

We found the English level of the 46 teachers we trained was very low. Their listening comprehension and writing skills were very weak. They’d had little or no chance to speak English. A few were very diligent and focused on careful English in conversations with us, but the majority could not communicate effectively. Even though I speak VOA’s “special English”, most had diffi culty understanding the simplest sentences.

However, during the fi rst week of class, they loosened up and braved some oral English. As we provided total immersion in an English environment, they began to show appreciation of our interactive methods to invigorate their classes. Progress was evidenced and it was a shame that we couldn’t have given them a 3rd week of classes. Some of the teachers gave model lessons and received our critique. Since these teachers did receive some training, Mr. Li accepted Cynthia’s suggestion that they form a training team and that they officially be asked to share our methods with other teachers. Ni Yongwang enthusiastically supported this idea.

Our team this year was terrific with 4 of us having had previously experience with the program. New this year were Emily He, a delightful young woman who grew up in both China and the US. She’s going to enter a graduate program in BJ in rural development. Zoe and Jeremy were great classroom assistants, handling their various roles with fi nesse. Both were delightful and great assets to our program. Five of our staff members were bilingual and my Chinese is fi nally emerging!

Warm regards to all, Judy Manton

19Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

我喜爱阅读

在几年前，我们学校由于条件有限，还没有一个像模

像样的图书室，我们在课余时间只能在操场上玩游戏，或

者是在教室里枯燥乏味的写作业。那时候的我们，多么羡

慕电视里大城市的同学呀，学习之余可以在学校宽敞明亮

的阅览室里看自己喜欢的课外书籍。

滋根的叔叔阿姨帮我们圆了这个梦想，他们捐赠给我

们很多有益的图书，我们学校也终于有了一个初具规模的

图书室了，它的名字叫做“爱的书库”，从那以后，我们

的课余时间变得丰富多彩，每星期都可以在图书室借阅喜

欢的图书啦！

书为我们插上了翅膀，我们可以飞出大山，去见识外

面的世界，可以遨游古今，了解许多对我们有益的知识，

还可以汲取更多的阳光雨露，让我们更加茁壮的成长。前

些天，我们班借到的是《少年冒险王》，书名就深深的吸

引了我们，一拿到书，我们就如饥似渴的看得起劲。书里

讲的是四个少年误闯了神秘的神农架野人区。在野人区这

群孩子遇到了许许多多的困难，比如说猴子的抢劫、铁牛

的袭击、野人的追捕，可是他们用自己的聪明才智化解了

所有的危险。

读完后，我感受到那些孩子是多么的勇敢、坚强、持

之以恒。我们现在的孩子和那些孩子相比简直就是天壤之

别。那些孩子曾经一天徒步行走１５０里路，而现在的孩

子做事一但有了困难就会半途而废，根本就禁不住打击和

风吹雨打，更别说一天徒步行走１５０里路。我真希望大

家都来读一读这本书，不要再一有困难就半途而废，要像

书中的少年一样经得住打击和风吹雨打，要持之以恒。

在“爱的书库”里，像这样有益的图书还有很多很

多，大家可喜欢了，我们也深深的知道，因为叔叔阿姨们

无私的爱，才让我们的心愿达成，图书室里的每一本书都

凝聚着他们深深的爱，我以后一定会认真学习，长大以后

回报社会，把叔叔阿姨们的爱传递下去，让爱的星火永远

闪亮！

文/武汉市新洲区旧街中心小学五（1）班

I Love Reading

A few years ago, our school did not have a real library because of the lack of resources. In spare times we could only play in the playground, or worked on boring homework in the classrooms. We envied other children who live in big cities, where they can read interesting books in nice big reading rooms in their own spare time.

The uncles and aunts from Zigen helped our dream come true. They donated many nice books to us and our school’s reading room finally began to take shape. We call it the “Library of Love”. Since then, our spare times become a lot more interesting, we are able to borrow books to enjoy reading every week!

Books put wings to our imaginations, and we can fly over mountains and get to know the outside world. We can roam the ancient and modern, gain useful knowledge that will nurture our growth. A few days ago, our class borrowed a book called < Juvenile Adventure King>, its title attracted us greatly. We started reading immediately. The book was about 4 youths who entered the mysterious Shennongjia Savage area by mistake. The numerous challenges they encountered include monkey robbery, tractor attack, savage hunts, etc. But they resolved all the dangers with their ingenuity.

Upon reading, I feel that those kids were so brave, strong, and persistent, so different from children like us. They were able to walk 150 kilo meters per day, but nowadays kids drop out whenever they are in difficulty and can’t keep up with challenges, let alone walking 150 miles. I hope we can all read this book, and learn not to give up easily and be persistent, like those youths in the book,

In the “Library of Love”, there are many good books like that and we love them all. We also know it is the selfless loves from uncles and aunts that make our wishes come true. I will study hard and give something back to the society when I grow up, and carry the love that I received from others, and let the lights of love shine forever.

Written by: Zuo Xiaokang Grade 5 Class 1 of Jiujie Central Primary School of

Xinzhou District Wuhan

20Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

Zuo Xiaokang左晓康

我是滋根互惠店里负责销售事物的成员，我会参与滋根的这项工作，是因为知道互惠店准备了质量不错的衣物，以便宜的价格卖给需要的人，可以帮他们省下不少钱，还可以做环保。而且互惠店里的东西都是义卖的，卖得的资金又都用到帮助流动儿童和打工者的各种项目中。

去年九月中互惠店刚开张时，附近的建筑工师傅、工厂里的女孩子小伙子都会来光顾。有的年轻人打扮时髦，也很愿意来买。有个打工女孩常常来，她说她工作很忙，早上6点起床工作，休息时间才有办法来互惠店找我聊天买衣服。互惠店里男女老少的衣服都有，她也会帮老公挑几件体面的衣服。还有一个男孩子，在十月初的时候第一次来到店里，天气已经变冷，他还穿着短袖上衣，我叫他穿件厚衣服，他说他没衣服，请我帮他挑两套，我挑了两套西装给他，40元拿走两套，让小伙子很高兴，常常来淘宝。

我们一会儿去工地义卖衣服。每周固定有一两次会到附近的工地去，建筑工师傅很希望有T恤衫干活时候穿，但是在外面买往往一件就是好几十块，对他们来说还是太贵了，干活时候穿坏了也很可惜。我们特地去提供便宜实惠的衣服，一件大概5-10元，冬天时候棉袄羽绒服也才20元。这样让他们既能省下很多买衣服的钱，也能得到受尊重的感觉。

滋根互惠店的东西全都是义卖的，募捐的过程很辛苦。我们的衣服主要来自小区和高校，事先得花功夫跟这些地方沟通联系，他们答应后我们才能去募捐。冬天，冷风刮得猛，滋根伙伴们在风中冻得瑟瑟发抖的等人来捐赠；而炎热的夏天，顶着晃眼的太阳，汗流侠背的站在小

互惠店义卖的故事

区里，还要经受蚊子不断地叮咬；收到了捐献的衣物后还要租面包车把物品运回史各庄。后期衣物的清洁整理也很需要人力，要分质量、男女、冬夏季节等，还要清洗消毒，最后才能拿出去卖。为了节省成本，我们都是利用周六、日两天自己出去卖，如果请人，支出会更多，所以互惠店是大家轮班守店的。

再说说我们去赶集的事吧。每周日我和滋根的伙伴要在清晨五点半起床，踩着三轮车去沙河南大桥的集市上摆摊。每到八点多钟，就会出现一位大叔，大叔边挑衣服边砍价。我们不给砍价，这大叔还是会带走四五件。后来他再来，我会跟他说：“你别买啦，一人只能买三件，其他的还要留着给别人的。”大叔却仍然要买，他可能挺爱我们这摊子，每次都会来。我们不给他少收钱，他还是边嚷嚷边光顾。

还有一对看起来家庭条件不错的夫妇，时常会来摊子转转，每次来总会买几件。有一次先生挑了件西装外套，我问他之前买的西装穿了没？他妻子说：“他就喜欢穿这里买的西装，家里几百块钱的都被晾在旁边呢！”我知道他们是支持滋根的善良人士，希望多买几件衣服好帮助我们。后来他们又过来，我就会说有需要的话再买，不然买回去不适用，我们也觉得不好意思。

虽然经营互惠店挺辛苦的，但我们觉得这是件有意义的事。在这个过程中遇见你们，心里也很高兴很感激。我知道你们相信互惠店，也愿意用各种方式支持滋根。金龙年里，互惠店的工作也开展了，希望大家能继续支持！谢谢你们！

Our Thrift ShopI am a sales assistant in a Zigen thrift shop. I took on this

job because I learned that the shop sold good-quality clothes at a low price to those in need, so as to help them save money, and in an eco-friendly way, too. What's more, all the funds from the sales of the items are used to help migrant workers and children.

As soon as the shop opened for business last September, it began to attract not only construction workers and factory workers in the neighborhood but also fashionably dressed young people. One young woman who often comes said that she was so busy that she got up at 6 am every morning to go to work and was able to come to shop and to chat with me only on her lunch breaks. Our shop is stocked with clothes for men, women, the elderly and children, so she sometimes also picks some nice clothes for her husband. A young man who came to our shop for the first time at the beginning of October in short sleeves asked me to pick some warm clothes for him since he had none. So I picked two Western-style suits, for which he paid 40 yuan. He was so happy that he has become a frequent customer.

Once or twice every week, we also go out to the nearby construction site to sell our wares. Construction workers like to put on T-shirts when they work but T-shirts can sell for a little

under 100 yuan in regular stores, which is too expensive for them, considering the fact that T-shirts get worn out quickly on construction sites. So we offered them T-shirts for only 5-10 yuan each and down coats for only 20 yuan. They not only save a lot of money but also feel being respected.

Since ours is a non-profi t shop, we work hard to raise funds. Local residential communities and colleges are our main sources of clothes for sale. We get in touch with them in advance and go to collect clothes only after we obtain their consent. In winter, we shiver in the bitterly cold wind as we wait for donors, and in summer, we stand in the gated communities under the blazing sun, sweating and putting up with mosquito bites. After we've collected the clothes, we rent vans to transport the collections to our shop. And then we put in a lot of work cleaning the clothes, sorting them by quality, gender, and season. Then we wash and sterilize them before taking them out for sale. In order to save on cost, we go out to sell them only on Saturdays and Sundays. Hiring people to do that would add to our expenditure, which is why we take turns watching the shop.

About our trips to the markets: Every Sunday, my Zigen friends and I get up at 5:30 am and go on our tricycles to the

21Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

刘足珍

Liu Zuzhen

market at Henan Bridge to set up our stall. There's one "uncle" who always shows up at a little after 8 am to pick clothes and to haggle with us over the price. Even though we always refuse to lower the price, he still buys about four or five items each time. Sometimes I say to him, "Each customer can buy only three items. Please leave the rest for other people." But he still doesn't stop. He really likes our stall. Even though we don't give him discounts, he still shows up every Sunday, complaining as he shops.

There's also a couple who look like they are quite well off. They would buy a few item every time they come. Once, when the husband picked a jacket, I asked him if he had worn

the jackets that he already bought from us. His wife said, "He likes wearing jackets bought from your stall but not those bought elsewhere for hundreds of yuan!" I know they are kind people buying things from us in order to support Zigen. When they came again, I told them to buy only stuff they needed. Otherwise we would feel bad if what they bought couldn't be put to use.

It takes a lot of work to run this thrift shop of ours, but this is for a good cause, and we are very happy and grateful to meet you. I know you believe in what we do and are supporting Zigen in various ways. Hope you will continue to support us. Thank you!

记一次农民工子弟学校的家长会

第一个话题是流动少年儿童升学的问题；

那么流动儿童是怎样升学呢？有两种可能，第一种是

孩子学习不理想，在北京读完初中后直接上一个技术学校

然后找工作。还有一种情况是孩子学习比较好，准备读完

初中考高中然后再考大学。在北京考大学是不可能的，因

为考大学要在户口所在地考。那么久引出来要转学的问

题。转学并不是简单的事情，需要一个过程，比如手续问

题，各地区需要的手续不一样。有的要转学证明，有的要

学籍。很多家长说大多数学生回老家考试都不行，都需要

降级。是不是北京的教学质量不好，老师不认真教啊。就

这个问题我给大家说明一下：孩子以前一直在北京读书，

回老家上学也是新环境，他要有一个适应的过程。再有课

本的深浅度也不一样，再加上新老师新同学，处在这样的

条件下他是很紧张的。就如我们从这个单位到另一个单位

是很难一下子适应。但是我们的孩子毕竟占优势，那就是

孩子年龄偏小，因为老家他都是公立学校，孩子上学必须7

周岁否则不收。但在这里，有的孩子6周岁甚至有孩子5周

岁就上一年级了，这样至少他降一级也还和同班的孩子一

样大，甚至比他们还小。再有转学时机的问题，你的孩子

要打算回老家上学那么要做好准备工作，需要哪些手续可

以提前跟学校打好招呼，这样才能不耽搁孩子按时上学。

第二个问题是网络对孩子的影响：

我们都知道现在是信息时代，我们不管做什么像找工

作、查资料、打游戏、看电影、买东西等，只要你打开电

脑进入网络世界就没有办不到的，电脑给人们带来了方

便，也带来了快乐同时也带来了危害。什么危害呢？那么

就是我们的孩子。我们都知道网络上的知识很开阔，如果

你是成年人你可以控制自己，那么我们的孩子因为年龄

小，没有自控能力，变成了电脑控制他。

举个实例，山东有个初二的学生，上网不久就迷上了

一个比大小的游戏，说你用一元钱就可以开个户头进入这

个游戏，如果你赢了就有1000块钱进账，如果你输了我只

拿100元，没有钱他们可以借，不要利息。这个学生一看这

个游戏值得玩，刚开始几次他都赢了，一下子进账5000多

元，他高兴得越玩越大，最后一下子输掉8000多元，学也

不敢上，家也不敢回。最后家里到处找他，找到他才跟父

母说，上网赌钱输掉8000多元。爸爸吓了一跳，怎么会输

那么多，爸爸根本不知道网上还有这个，非常生气。家里

本来就穷，父母东借西凑好不容易还上了这8000多块钱，

他也开始上学了。 虽然他现在又开始正常的上学生活了，

但他心里还是很不甘心，他没有认为那是陷阱越陷越深，

而是认为那天自己运气不好，心里老是想着等运气好了，

再去玩几把就能把输的钱赢回来了。

这一去一下输掉了十万，十万元对一个普通百姓来说

那简直就是天文数字，他蒙了，不知道该怎么办，最后想

到了死。他又不甘心这么死去，他想做一次补救。如果成

功了就挽救自己，也能挽救好多青少年。所以他给当地政

府发了一个博客：请政府救救我吧，如果你们不救我，我

只有死路一条了，用我的死来告诉别人千万不要再上这个

当。请给我答复，如果三天我没有收到你们的答复，那么

我就用死来告诉世人。然而，三天过去了，他没有收到回

复。他给他的表哥发了一个博客消息，说明他死的前因后

果，他说最后对不起父母，如果有来生再好好孝敬他们，

发表完就喝了农药。等他表哥看到赶过来的时候他已经停

止了呼吸。他父母很伤心，不知道为什么会发生这样的

事，后听他表哥说明马上去找当地政府，政府部门的人表

示也是刚看到这个信息，正准备派人调查。现在这个案件

正在审理中。通过这个例子，我只想告诉大家，如果发现

孩子又问题，一定要及时解决不然后悔莫及。

通过这两个话题的讨论使家长们认识到这虽然是社会

问题，但父母更应该关注孩子的身心发展。发现问题及时

解决，不应该只顾挣钱忽略了对孩子的教育。

22Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

李淑兰

Memo from a Parent Conference of a School of migrant children

The first topic is grade/school advancing of migrant children

How do the students in school of migrant children advance to the next level? Two possibilities: first is to go directly to a technical school after graduating from junior high, and then fi nd a job after the training. Another possibility is to continue studying in high school, and to go to college. It is almost impossible to go to college in Beijing because the students registered their residence elsewhere. Therefore a new issue of school transfer arises. It is not a simple task to transfer schools, it is a process that can get complicated, and it differs in every district. Some schools need transfer documents, school registrations, etc. Many parents said most students can’t even go back home to take the college entrance exam and have to demote to lower grades. Does that mean that the teachers in Beijing are not good enough and the teaching quality is not satisfi ed?

I tried to explain to the parents: Students have been in Beijing schools and they need to

adjust to new environments when they return to their home schools. There are different text books, different teachers, and new classmates, and they need time to ease their anxieties for a new environment. For instance, the public schools in some home provinces require the fi rst graders to reach age 7, but here in Beijing many children 6 or younger are allowed to go to first grade. That may explain why some students are demoted in home schools because they are in same age bracket with the other students. Furthermore, there are timing and administration issues for school transfers, so parents need to plan ahead in order not to delay schools for their children.

The second topic is the infl uence of internetIn this age of information, we can do almost anything on

the internet: finding a job, looking for information, playing games, watching movies, shopping, etc. Along with all the convenience and happiness that come with the internet, there are hidden damages that may affect our children. We know that as adults we may practice self-control over information provided by computers; but for youngsters, they may become computer-controlled instead.

Here is a true story: an 8th grader in Shandong was addicted to an online gambling program that claims to turn 1 to

1000 when wins, and only takes 100 away when loses. One can also take a loan without interest if he has no money left in his account. This sounded good and that student won a few times in the beginning and gained 5000. He got excited and played larger and larger amounts and lost 8000 in the end. He was so afraid that he quit school and skipped home. His parents looked for him everywhere. Finally they found him, upset by the big loss of 8000. Because they were a very poor family and the money they earned very hard was for their son’s education. Though the student was back to school, in his mind he still believed the online gambling loss was not a trap but a pure bad luck, and he dreamed to win back the money when he had the chance to play again.

So he did, and he lost another 100,000. That amount of loss was far too huge for an average family to bear. He got so desperate that he thought of suicide. But he wanted himself and thousand others to be rescued from the despair, so he sent out a blog of plea to the local government: Please save me, government! If you don’t save me, all I have left is death. I hope my death can serve as an alarm call to those who got into similar situation. Please reply me! If I don’t get a reply within three days, I will use my death to show the world. Three days passed and he got no reply. He sent his last blog message to his cousin and told him the reasons for committing suicide. He said lastly that he was so sorry to his parents and he would become a good son if there were another life. He drank pesticide after he sent out the message. His cousin rushed to him after seeing the message, but he was dead already. His parents were very sad and questioned why this would have happened. They found the local government after learning the last message to his cousin. The local government said they also just saw the message and was about to start an investigation. But it was all too late to save a life --- I just want to share this case with everyone here: if you find out your child is in trouble, please resolve the problems immediately before it gets too late and too sorry.

The discussions of the two topics make parents believe that despite there are social problems, parents should stay watchful for their own children both physically and psychologically. Problems need to be resolved immediately, and they should pay enough attention to their children’s education while earning money

23Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

Li Shulan

一个家庭四五百块人民币的助学金意味着什么？助学金，原来不单单只

是把钱给家长。我们跑遍大山里的每个学校，开家长会。跟家长讨论区区这笔小钱该怎么用，能真正用在孩子们的身上。尽量说方言，但方言还必须翻译成傈僳话，说明这笔钱不能拿去买烟买酒，而是要给孩子多买件床单或衣服，可以让学生在学校替换着用，不至于整间宿舍臭烘烘。低年级学生很用力地帮自己家长写名字，家长再按下手印，拿到这笔钱。我心里说不出什么，至少，看到一点希望。

驱车深入大山里的小学。从丽江到石鼓镇、到黎明乡中心、蜿蜒老君山上游美乐河两岸千岩万壑纵谷深处的村落，不通公路。越野车，颠颠晃晃地攀上山坡边的小学，灰扑扑的小学生们跑到坡边上来好奇张望外来的我们，恭敬的说声老师好。

我们坐在教师食堂的火塘边烤火，山里的寒气呵着灰蒙蒙的天气，等待需要走上四五个小时山路的家长们下来开会。助学金发放加上家长会在这里彷佛是件大事，足以耗上一天半天的时间。

黎明乡中心校领导陪著我们讨论家长会开会内容，以及农村里正在发生的多项问题。例如落户；许多学生的父母未到法定年龄结婚生子，因此无法帮孩子报户口，有的甚至不在意，造成许多孩子无法接受义务教育，或者有的实际年龄与学龄不符。再如卫生；学生住在学校只有一身衣服一床被套，衣服一个礼拜回家换洗一次，被套则是整学期没换，到了夏天，彼此传染皮肤病。还有一直以来的抽烟喝酒问题、从来不太清楚的家庭经济管理观念，有了钱容易花，钱却不容易找等等。我们琢磨该如何进行，如何以最简单共同参与的方式和家长聊这些问题。

资助可以有很多方式，可以直接将钱打到学校帐上转发，或者直接发放物资，还是带着教育意义的亲自对话？一点点的心思和一点点的费力，也许像是播下一些小小的种子，会在某些地方微微发芽。

在台湾，我曾经也是各式各样奖学金的受助者，深刻理解没有这些钱我无法轻易读到现在。可从未真正明白这些钱背后承载多大的意义；它仅仅不过化为数字，在我应缴的学费表格里少掉几千几百块。根本就不清楚这些钱从哪里来，以为是成绩表现好的奖励。然而作为滋根的传统，散播好几个省无数个村寨的助学金项目，一个一开始我不以为然的简单项目，等到跟著滋根跑了一年半，走访不少家庭和学校，才知助学金原来可以做得那么用力那么深。

助学金背后- 「助学」的意义二十多年的助学金支持，滋根从最初支持女童上学的

助学到随着社会环境变迁而有所改变。最初的助学支持承载了改变在乡村里的女孩没有权利上学的观念；而现在当

男孩女孩都能上学的时候，助学金承载更多因贫困或家庭困难（包括孤儿、单亲）而失学的学生的支持意义。同时，贫困的概念本身一直随当前社会经济快速变化而变化，因所谓贫困而失学的学生类型也变得多样。项目工作人员不得不对贫困定义重新思索，对失学原因细究，同时思考助学金的项目内容：这样一点钱能在一个家庭起到多大作用，这笔钱背后究竟能承载哪些改善或教育的内容意义？

当我们发放黎明中学助学金的时候，挨着名单一个

一个问，才发现九十名受助学生已有七名不读，整个学校四百多名学生，在这学期中以前已有五十多名学生辍学，大山深处出来的学生辍学率更高。失学原因远比小学生复杂得多，不再单纯只是父母付不出生活费让小孩念书，或者因双亲四处打工、单亲疏於照顾而就学流离。初中学校管理与教学是一方面的问题，更多是长大的少年接近工商业生产线的链带，在城乡差距的推拉之下，书没念完就被吸附到附近城市打工，更远的到达深圳、广州（有工厂直接到村里来招人的）。贫困已经完全是另外一层意思，和城市水平相比，农村里部分父母基本鼓励孩子外出打工，度过家里困难为优先。

跟学校教育相比，谈及家庭教育，和父母对话显得困难。

家长们陆陆续续地走进学校开会，有的父母不在家是爷爷奶奶来了，有的拿着酒瓶，有的手上的烟未曾停过，黝黑的皮肤缝隙隐约有股山里的浓浓土味以及汗酸。他们渴望自己的孩子走向城市，明显的外出务工要比读书会更快速得到实际效益，如果学生在学校里的学习让他们看不见未来，或者对于学习成就失去信心的话。

助学金作为一个对话的引子-家长、学校以及乡村发展

我们试图从对贫困意义与教

24Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

林慧珍

育的关系阐释里开启对话：“我们就是因为心情不好才抽烟喝酒，因为没什么收

入，家里又那么多事，生活苦闷，只好抽烟喝酒，可以让心情好一点啊！”

“我们家是几乎连菸酒都买不起，”“我抽烟那么多年了，这种习惯是不可能改掉了。这

是我们这一代人的生活习惯，我们这一辈就是这样活过来的，我们没机会受好的教育，也没机会赚什么大钱，就只是个农民。学生娃娃有的是机会，他们现在命好，有机会受好的教育，学校老师要好好地教，让他们养成好习惯，我们父母做不来的，就要学校老师多费心，从他们这一代改变起。”

这几位家长的话语里头强烈吐露一种宿命感，像是守著没几亩地的包谷田，顿时让我想起父亲一辈他们对自己的生活命运有著坚定的宿命观，任何奢侈的事都不觉得归他们的份，把孩子好好养大成人有个好成就好归宿便什么都好了。自我懂事以来，父亲便是一直蹲在摩托车前操弄他的工具，车子一直换，他的姿势不变二十多年。我有时

想著，该如何去理解上一辈的时代命运在他们身上刻划的痕迹，我似乎不能简单地拿著我们这一辈的理想去撼动上一辈人既定的价值观。

有些家长看来还比我年纪小，却隐隐透露像台湾我父那辈的影子，是什么样的社会环境与观念限缩了相信自己有能力发展的余地？

除此之外，用很简单的算帐方式和家长们谈家庭经济管理的重要性，除了开源也要节流。每有一点对话空间，教育就在里头慢慢渗透了，如涓涓细流，或许有那么点滴的改变。我们谈及了这个大山里组建中草药种植合作社项目的可能性，如何与当前几家已在种植的农户组织合作，就刚起步的或有兴趣的农户给予培训支持，透过合作产销，避免中间商收购，将利润真正回归到农民身上。也谈及了如何以天然方式在山坡边进行土鸡养殖相关的培训，养出健康的土鸡，而非以不良的饲养方式低价竞争。

一旦有机会启动，将是一条漫长的学习道路，教育与发展平行如春天吐露的花瓣在农村小道上缓慢而如实地铺开。

What Does It Mean To Have a 400 Yuan Educational Grant In A Family?Sending out educational

grants is not as simple as to putting money to parents’ h a n d s . We t r a v e l l e d through every school in the mountains and held parent conferences, discussing how to put good use of

these tiny grants. We tried our best to talk in local dialects, and had to be translated again into the language of SuSu. We listened to the locals declare that the money will not be taken for alcohol and cigarettes, and will be used to buy clothing and bedding for the children---- it is very important for students who live in school so that the dorms wouldn’t smell bad. Lower grade students helped their parents write down their names clearly, parents pressed down their fi nger prints fi rmly. I can’t say too much in my heart, but at least, I see some hopes.

We drove to schools that are located deep in the mountains. From Lijiang to Shi Gu Zhen, to Central Li Ming district, we followed the windy roads of Lao Kun Hill and the cliff paths of Mei Le River, and arrived the remote villages that don’t have a paved road. Bumping up and down in our jeep seats, we reached hill side schools and were greeted by students in their dusted outfi ts, who ran out curiously and politely said “Hello Teachers” to us.

In the cold mountain mist, we kept warm by the fi re near the teacher’s dining hall, waited patiently for parents who had to walk down four, five hours to get to the school’s parent conference. It is such a big event here to have grants distributed, plus the parent conference---big enough to spend a day and a half for that.

The head of Li Ming District Central School accompanied

us and discussed the materials for parent conference, along with many other issues in the village. For instances, how to register a student’s residence? Some parents gave birth to children before reaching their legal marriage age so many births are unregistered. But in order to get into the system for school admission, children have to be locally registered and matched to their actual age. Many parents don’t even want to care about those details. Another issue is sanitation. Students only have one set of clothes and one set of bedding, they washed clothes every week at home, but the bedding did not get washed for the entire school semester. And that is a cause for contagious skin disease in summer times. Then is the never-ending issue of alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking. Many families are not keen on money management, they do not understand the grants can be easily spent but hard to get. We thought about how to proceed, and how to communicate with parents using the simplest yet mutually participating methods.

There are many ways to distribute funds. We could do a direct fund transfer to the schools’ accounts, in-kind distributions, or this sort of face-to-face educational dialogs. A little bit of thoughtfulness and a little bit of efforts, similar to spreading seeds, perhaps, they may grow somewhere, someday.

In Taiwan, I used to be the recipient of many kinds of educational grants and scholarships. I understand thoroughly that without these funds I can’t study this far. But I have never truly understood the meaning behind those funds. They were merely some numbers to help me scratch off hundreds or thousands dollars of school fees. I cared less about how the money came from, thinking they were simply rewards of my good scores. Not until I am in Zigen’s traditional program to distribute educational grants to numerous villages in several provinces, and have gone through much travelling by foot to far-away schools and families for over a year and a half, I fi nally

25Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

Lin Huizhen

understand that educational grants can be done in such a force and depth.

Behind the Grants: the Meaning of “Assisted Learning”The twenty years practice of assisted learning has

transferred Zigen from its original goal of helping rural girls to attend school. The original commitments helped change the rural notion that young girls had no rights to go to school. And now, when boys and girls can all go to school, Zigen’s commitments have turned more towards assisting poor and disadvantaged families (including orphans, single-parent children) to continue learning. Along with the rapid changes that come to the society and economy in the past decades, the concept of being poor and disadvantage keeps changing, and the reasons that students drop out school also become varied and complex. Project managers have to rethink about the defi nitions of poor and disadvantage, to study the reasons of quitting school, and to really think about the projects themselves: how much help this little money can bring to a family? How much change or educational value this small fund can bring to a student?

When we sent out grants in Li Ming Middle School, we talked to the assisted students one by one. We found out that among the 90 students that received our financial aids, seven had quitted school. In the entire student body of more than 400 students, 50 of them have quitted, and the dropout rate for students living in the mountain areas is even higher. The reasons here for dropout are more complex than in primary schools, not simply because parents can’t afford the living or studying fees, or parents have to work elsewhere, or lack of cares by single parents. Besides the problems of middle school management and teaching qualities, a bigger issue is the economical unbalances between a rural and an urban society, and the growing commercial temptations to young students. Many students are tempted by the job opportunities in the cities, so they quit school and start working in a nearby city. Some students even travel far to work in Shenzhen or Guangzhou (there are factories that come to villages for direct hiring). The concept of being poor or disadvantage has a totally different meaning now. It could mean a certain match to city living standards. Many rural parents encourage their children to work outside of home, and to take care of the family’s fi nancial troubles fi rst.

Compared to the discussions on school educations, the topic of family education and the conversations with parents went a lot more diffi cult.

Parents streamed into school for the conference, in cases when parents were absent, a grandma or grandpa came. Some carried a wine bottle, some were smoking nonstop. You can almost sense some sort of mountain smells from their tanned skins. They were eager for their kids to work and live in a city, and expressed clearly that working outside of home can make a better living than studying here at home. If they can’t see a future for their kids in school, or notice that their children’s grades are failing, it is better off then, that the kids can start working right way.

Educational Grants as an Introduction of Dialogs ---

Parents, Schools, and Village DevelopmentsWe tried to start the conversation by explaining the

relationship between being poor and having an education:“The smoking and drinking started when we tried to get

rid of bad moods. We don’t have much money, but plenty of headaches at home and life gets bored. The drinking and smoking help the moods.”

“In my house, we can hardly afford buying alcohols and cigarettes.”

“I have smoked for many years and it is impossible for me to kick this habit now. This is the life style of our generation, and this is how we live. We did not have a chance to get a good education, and did not have the opportunity to get rich, we are just farmers. Now the young kids have plenty of opportunities and can get a good education. Teachers must do a good job teaching them, so that kids can have good habits. Things that we parents can’t do, teachers can help them, so that this generation can change.”

There is a great sense of fate in these conversations, similar to those farmers who spend their entire life working around some small corn fields. I recalled my own father and his generation, who also share a very strong sense of fate. They don’t believe any kind of luxury life had anything to do with them. Bringing up their kids to a successful and prosperous life is the only thing they ever hoped for. Growing up, the picture of my father crouching in front of a bike and fi xing things has never changed. Bikes changed, but his posture never did for twenty some long years. Sometimes I would think: how to understand the deep marks of fate that had casted into them over the hard years? I simply can’t change their firm believes and value system by using my generation’s dreams and hopes.

Some parents looked younger than me, but their expressions resembled so much of my father’s generation in Taiwan. What kind of social environment and believes have restricted their confi dence of growth potentials?

Besides that, we talked about how to use a simple way to calculate family budgets and the importance of family finance, and the need to save money while making money. Whenever there is a chance for conversation, there is some sort of education getting in. Like small streams, a few drops of change may come along. We also talked about the possibility of a cooperation venture of herbal planting in the mountains, and how we have talked to a few growers already, and we will provide training and supports to the interested new growers. Through this direct cooperation model, we can avoid brokers so that profi ts can go back to the growers. We also talked about the training program to raise organic cage-free chickens in the hill sides, and strategies of keeping fair prices on healthy chickens instead of getting into a price war with bad feeding practices.

This will be a long learning road. Whenever there is an opportunity to get started, growth and education will slowly explode in parallel in those country roads, much like the fl owers in a spring.

26Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

中国人，川流不息的流动

从史各庄到距离最近的地铁--生命科学园站，会经过

一座土桥，土桥的一端是密密麻麻错乱纷歧的住家商店，

另一端是占地面积广大的永旺国际商城。越过永旺，新颖

的地铁站就在眼前。每到周日晚上，滋根史各庄社区活动

室的伙伴都会扛着器材从村子走向土桥，穿过永旺，他们

的目的地是地铁站附近的工地。抵达后在工地的小卖部外

架好设备，不多久工地的师傅会纷纷而来，滋根伙伴们的

忙活一番之后，墙上的布幕开始闪烁着影像，电影就要上

映。

为建筑工提供放电影服务，是史各庄活动室主要项目

之一。2005年滋根决定在北京建立据点，其实就是着眼于

流动群体的现身。比如永旺周边正在兴建的商场就需要许

多劳动力，这些劳动力的提供者多半住在工地上的简易工

寮，极少数在外租房。其中的一些人在周三到周日晚间若

有空闲，会走进活动室拿张凳子坐下来听歌看影片。我初

来的第一天就与这些师傅打过照面，师傅们的年纪从20多岁到50多岁之间；然而，流露乡音的嘴角旁常是一贯的腼

腆。之前曾经来了一对远从云南来打工的夫妇，他们说从

老家坐火车到北京得三天两夜，可见外出打工在经济支助

上有一定的吸引力。

季节性的打工性质让活动室无法持续与这些师傅保持

联系，我刚来时认识了几位师傅，在北京初雪刚飘落时因

工程结束转往另一处工地，有些是工程结束就返乡，更多

的是年节返乡。大约十二月底，来看影片的师傅逐渐减

少，要么是天气太冷不想外出，要么就是回老家了，以至

于活动室关于建筑工的项目在这时候总要停顿。

这些建筑工居住的简易工棚像是一排排的小型公寓，

按需求一层层叠加上去。电影放映的空余时间我们常会去

拜访一些建筑工师傅，在一楼，我们遇到一位师傅正在

“电力提供房”为手机充电，他说原本的220伏电力至今只

剩下36伏，连煮饭都不给力。顺着铁梯往上爬，房间外晾

晒着一些衣物，而每个房间有一扇门和两扇窗户，门打开

后可以看见五六张双层的木板床，床下摆满个人物品床上

堆着棉被枕头，除此之外别无他物；也就是说，这是一个

没有私人空间的空间。再怎么不细心的人也会发现这里头

没有厨房厕所浴室，甚至连充电烧热水都不行，房间只提

供睡觉的功能。

当天我们拜访的那一间都是年轻小伙子，大家挨在一

起聊天玩手机。他们来自河南安阳，也都是80、90后的孩

子，出外打工的经历却挺丰富，有的还会开搅拌机和塔

吊。他们说喜欢当建筑工就是因为比较自由，干的不顺心

可以走人；但是，他们也看见工地的矛盾和不公，主要是

包工头制度和未签合同，只能选择睁一只眼闭一只眼。

不过，包工头也有可能成为被“黑“的对象，他们必

须承担上层单位没有按期发放或恶意不发放工资的危机。

当然，处在最底层的建筑工师傅需要面临最多的风险；我

们偶尔会听到建筑工师傅：”这几天没工作，因为我们在

罢工呀“、”我们要去讨薪啦“，几乎都是由于没有拿到

工资之故。

没有签合同是另外一项重大问题。我们接触到的师傅

们几乎没人签合同。很多师傅以为合同就是卖身契，没有

意识到许多权益都随这张薄薄的纸飞走。也有师傅签了合

同，自己身上却没有保留一份，都被老板收去，这样的霸

王合同也无法发挥效用。没有合同，工资工时可由老板调

动、发生意外难以索赔、无法获得三险保障…建筑工师傅

等于处在随时被宰的情况下岌岌可危。

为此，在建筑工项目上，滋根希望提升建筑工的阶级

意识，进一步去争取维护自己的权益。目前借着在活动中

心和工地播放影片或电影的方式拉近与建筑工的距离；然

而，提供娱乐只是手段，重点是让他们了解自己的权益，

所以与权益相关的新闻、法规讲解就很必须。活动室每周

会自制PPT，在工地和活动室各解说一遍给师傅们了解。

过年后来的这批师傅挺活泼，还会在我们即将讲新闻前扮

起小班长维持秩序，每次讲新闻也会加进来讨论分享。在

工地上反应更是热烈，有一次活动中心的伙伴讲完，有位

大爷跑来握住她的手，嘴里说着“看到就让我想起我的闺

女，我知道是真心为我们好的!”还有一次，工地的几位大叔跑来活动室找我们，话完

家常包董平、石文博与我领着他们到互惠公益店淘宝。路

上大叔不经意说道：“虽然我们活在文明现代的社会，

但是呢，其实我们还是像奴隶一样，在为有钱人工作赚

钱。”话语中的无奈辛酸，一语道破新自由主义市场机制

下建筑业的压迫性本质。

2011年最后一天，为了与这些师傅们分享新年的欢乐

气氛，活动室策画了跨年同欢会，到场的师傅将微微的笑

容挂在嘴边，问起他们来自哪里、在哪儿干活，仍旧腼

腆。最后，我们以很简便的形式与大家跨越了这一个年，

并留下诸位的倩影；当我提到要将照片洗出送给他们时，

大家倒是很有默契都举了手表示想要一张。

今年四月份，活动中心决定举办庆祝五一赠衣给工

27Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

张郁琳

友活动。师傅得知五一赠衣活动都挺期待，我们在发放

衣服前三四天给他们填写单子以确定所需衣物，再拿着

单子到互惠公益店里寻找合适的。几乎所有人都在赠与

对象一栏中写上“本人”，有一位师傅很贴心，填的是

“妻子”，他想给在老家的妻子拿件冬天的外套。赠衣

当天，负责互惠公益店的刘足珍老师，以打工妇女的身

分先和师傅讲起这个活动的目的和意义。接着活动室伙

伴开始发送衣服，叫到名字的师傅接过衣服后迫不及待

在身上比试着；事前没登记的师傅也在现场各拿一件。

最后，每个人手中都有一份来自滋根的礼物，陪伴他们

度过接下来的寒暑。

这就是活动室伙伴接触到的建筑工人。建筑工人是中

国移动人潮中相当庞大的一支，他们见证了农村的衰微、

打造出城市的荣景，然后继续过着漂泊的日子。上面提过

滋根在北京成立项目点的用意是要服务打工群众与其子

女，而建筑工的项目就是基于这理念拓展。活动室目前以

播放影片和宿舍探访的方式走向建筑工，并预计开拓其他

诸如工友书屋、文娱设备提供等小项目。以娱乐为媒介从

中引导师傅们对自身所处位置有更多的认识，这一点在策

略上对于活动室而言相当重要。史各庄位于拆迁危机较大

的城中村，或许无法长久在此，加上建筑工的流动性很

大，从长远的角度来看，意识的灌输相当有必要性。师傅

们表示不仅平常会把在这边的信息分享给朋友，也可以带

往下一个工作点。

The Chinese, stream fl owsThe Chinese, stream fl ows From Shigezhuang village to the nearest subway station-

-Life Science Park Station, there is a bridge, one side of the bridge is the divergence of numerous disorders home stores, the other side the Aeon international Mall which occupies a big area .Crossing the Aeon, there is a new station .Every Sunday night, Zigen partners in the Shigezhuang village community will carry equipment from village to the bridge, their destination is the subway station near building site.Arrival there,they start to prepare everything. Meanwhile ,the builders are there,then the screen started fl ickering images on the wall, fi lm will be shown.

Providing film services for builders, is a main activity of Shigezhuang village community.In 2005, zigen decided to set a foothold in Beijing, just because they would like to focus on mobile population.such as the place around the Aeon shopping mall,it requires a lot of labors, who were force to live in the simple hut on site.Some of them listen to the song or see the movie from Wednesday to Sunday evening if they are free.I met them when I went there fi rst time,they are about over 20 to 50 years old;However, they are shy.there are one couples who come from Yunnan, it takes three days and two nights to come to beijing. So we can fi nd visible work is really appeal them on the salary.

Seasonal working makes us cannot continue to keep in touch with these builders. There are several workers I know had gone to another building site because they finished that buildings .Some of them return home when they finished one project. But the majority back to hometown at the end of year.

About the end of December, people who come to see the fi lm gradually decreased, even the activity will pause for the weather is too cold and they don't want to go out or go home.

These builders living in temporary shed like rows of small apartments, by layering up demand.In the spare time we usually visit them. On the fi rst fl oor, we met a worker,who is charging a cell phone in the"power provided room", he told us that the original 220-volt electricity so far only 36 Volt, even cannot cook.On the second floor, there are some clothes outside the room, and each room has a door and two Windows, you can see fi ve or six double wooden bed, under the beds there full of personal belongings. It is a space with no privacy.No matter how careless, we can find there's no kitchen ,toilet and bathroom, even charging and hot water,the room is only for sleeping.

That day we visited a room, all the people live there are young, they were chat and play phone together.They come from Anyang, Henan province, were born in 1980s to 1990s, but the work experience are very rich. Some can open the mixer and tower cranes.They said they like this job because it is free, you can at anytime;However, they also found there some conflict and injustice, mainly contractors system and did not sign the contract, the only choice is pretending see nothing.

However, the contractors also have the potential to become "black" object, they must assume the upper flats on schedule or malicious withholding wage crisis.Of course, at the bottom of the construction, the workers need to face to more risks;We occasionally heard that: "we didn't work these days, because we are on strike," "we are unpaid", almost always because of lost

28Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

Zhang Yulin

wages.Without a signed contract is another major problem.

Many workers we interviewed didn't sign a contract .They think contracts are indentured servants, but could not realize that many interests are fl ew away with the thin sheet of paper. A few workers has signed the contract, but he did not keep the copies, the boss collected all, such a fi ghter contract could not be effective.Without the contracts, wage and work hour can be mobilized by the boss, an unexpected difficulty three insurance claims, lack of access to protection ... Builders are in a precarious position at any time.

So, Zigen hope to promote workers ' class consciousness on the project, then fi ght for their rights and interests.Currently take the chance of offering movies to close the distance with workers;However, the means of entertainment is a way, we focus on their rights. Therefore, the news rights-related, regulations, explanation is must.Activity room will make PPT on a weekly, at the site and activity room to explain once to the workers. The group came here after new year is very lively, also worked as monitor to maintain order before we are about to tell news , sometimes, they also join in the discussion. One time, one worker came and hold her hand, said, "seeing you reminds me of my daughter, I know you are really good for us!"

Another time, several workers came to the room to look for us, after chat with them, Bao Dongping, Shi Wenbo and I led them to the mutual public goods shop in Taobao.On the way,one carelessly said: "Although we live in a civilized and modern society, but, actually, we are like slaves, working for the rich to earn money. ”In the discourse of helpless bitterness, it is the oppressive nature of the construction industry under the neo-liberal market.

The last day of 2011, in order to share the joy of new year with these workers, we organized a party for them. The smiling hanging on their lips,but when we asked them where they came from, where are they work etc, they were still shy.Finally, we

crossed this year in the easy and simple way , and took pictures for them;When I told them I will send the pictures to them, they left hands to want get one sheet.

In this April , activity center decided to organize a celebration for Labor Day , send clothes to the workers for free. They were quite looking forward to it when they heard that.About four days before, we asked them to fi ll in a form to make sure what clothes are they want. Then we went to the benefi cial public goods store to look for the right clothes .Almost all gifts in the object column write "I", but there was a worker is very intimate, and fi lled "wife", he wanted to take coat for his wife, his wife lives in his hometown.On that day, Liu Zuzhen, who charges of mutual charity shop,explained the purpose and significance of this activity first. Then she started to send clothes. After the worker received the clothes they were bursting to try them; The workers who were not registered in advance also got a piece.Finally, everyone got a gift from the Zigen, accompany them through the next couple of years.

These are the builders we knew. They are one huge group of population mobility, they witnessed the decline in rural areas, to build boom of a city, and then continue to live a wandering life. This project mentioned above in Zigen is intending to service the workers and their children in Beijing .The project for builders is based on this idea .Activities now going to the builders via playing movies and dorm visiting , and is expecting to set other programs such as opening a workers' Bookstore, offering entertainment devices and other small items.　　　

It is a very important strategy to make the workers know more about their own position in the society through the entertainment media.Shigezhuang village located in the demolition crisis place, may not be able to last long time, combined with the high mobility of construction workers, on a long view, indoctrinating the concept is necessary. construction workers said they not only share the information with friends but also bring this to the next site.

　　

29Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

滋根活動簡報云南省玉龙县黎明乡助学金发放

4月16日至21日，云南玉龙黎明、黎光、堆美、美乐四所完小的192名小学生和黎明中学的90名中学生，收到了滋根所

支持的助学金共76,200元。助学金发放过程中，还召开了受助学生家长会，家长、学校老师和滋根共同探讨孩子的教育问

题。

阮月、林慧珍、黄刚

山西石楼田家岔村“一校一村”项目进展

自5月4日起，山西省石楼县田家岔小学34名小学生以“保护水资源”为主题，开展美术作品设计、制作手抄报等活动

向村民进行环保知识宣传，并开始排练“六一”儿童节节目。

15日，田家岔村召开村民会议，讨论规划中国滋根支持的80口山地水窖项目和5条农田道路建设实施方案；确定了村

庄河道垃圾清理与修建垃圾集中堆放点、山地水窖修建选址工作等具体事宜。

22日上午，田家岔乡土文化艺人、秧歌专家走进田家岔小学，进行乡土文化传承。

23日至25日，田家岔村民、学生、老师一起，对村庄河道垃圾进行清理。

24日下午，石楼县人民医院口腔科医生来到田家岔村，为村民学生讲解牙齿健康知识，并现场检查村民、学生牙齿健

康问题。中国滋根将支持田家岔村学生牙刷、牙膏，为他们养成良好的生活习惯创造条件。

刘磊

滋根将开展对毕节市卫校学生的奖/助学金项目

6月2至5日，滋根的倪永旺与志愿者张郁琳进行了贵州省毕节市卫生学校的项目前期调研。调研过程中，得到了贵州

省教育厅职业教育处、贵州毕节市卫校以及毕节市卫生局的大力支持。从2012年度秋季学期起，滋根将在毕节市卫校开

展针对中等职业学校学生的奖/助学项目。以期望促进和激励职业学校的学生积极向上的意愿和学习动力,同时希望引起社

会公众关注中职教育，并使学生及家长以及社会对与职业教育的认识和看法有所改观。倪永旺

滋根为房县留守儿童捐书3千余册

6月26日湖北省房县教育局收到滋根寄来的图书40件共3320 册。该批图书将分配到房县谢湾小学、石堰河小学、上龛

小学和九道小学四所农村寄宿制学校，共惠32个班级，898名学生。

倪永旺

滋根为房县留守儿童捐书3千余册

6月26日湖北省房县教育局收到滋根寄来的图书40件共3320 册。该批图书将分配到房县谢湾小学、石堰河小学、上

龛小学和九道小学四所农村寄宿制学校，共惠32个班级，898名学生。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　徐少辉

黎明乡、石头乡学校饮水健康、净水器使用与维护培训结束

2012年6月14日下午滋根在云南省丽江市玉龙县黎明乡中兴完小组织了关于由莫清华和黄刚主讲，黎明乡、石头乡

共15名乡村教师积极参与的“饮水健康、净水器使用与维护培训”。一位参与培训的老师说：“自从2011年滋根最先在

黎明乡实施饮水健康、净水器使用与维护培训以及支持了第一批的净水器以来，在校师生因为饮用水受到污染导致的痢

疾、腹泻等肠胃方面的疾病明显减少。以往经常闹肚子、面黄肌瘦的孩子体质有了明显增强，学习成绩、体育成绩等都

有了很大进步”。滋根期望老师们接受培训后会到学校进一步给全校师生说明饮水与疾病的关系，农村饮水安全问题以

及可采取积及措施，进一步培养孩子们健康饮水的习惯。

　　　　　　　　　　　 黄刚/林慧珍

30Zigen Fund Newsletter 滋根会讯 45

You can contact Dongjing(DJ)Cai at 1-585-302-5486 or zigen@zigen.org