friday, september 19th obj 1: state the parts of the cell theory. obj 2: explain why cells are so...

Friday, September 19th

OBJ 1: State the parts of the cell theory.OBJ 2: Explain why cells are so small.OBJ 3: Calculate a cell’s surface-to-volume ratio.OBJ 4: List the advantages of being multicellularOBJ 5: Explain the difference between prokaryotic

cells and eukaryotic cells.

Warm-up: When Hooke saw “juice” in some cells, what was he looking at? Why did Hooke think cells existed only in plants and fungi and not in animals?Homework: Read pages 4-8 and 9-15. Protein

Deficiency presentations due 10/. *Microscope QUIZ on 9/25

To Do

Quick notesMicroscope

First Cells

Robert Hooke (1665)CorkCells only in plantsAnton van Leeuvenhoek (1673)Compared blood cells of fish, birds & frogs

to that of humans & dogsYeasts in bread = unicellular

Cell Theory

1. All organisms are composed of 1 or more cells.

2. The cell is the basic unit of life in all living things.

3. All cells come from existing cells.

Cell Similarities

Cell membraneDNACytoplasm- jelly-like substance that

protects organelles and provides an internal highway to transport materials.

Organelles- structures INSIDE cellsSmall in size*

Surface Area to Volume Ratio

Cells need a larger surface areaWhen cells grow, (as the volume

increases) outer surface grows too!(but not as fast!)

Benefits of Being Multicellular

Ability to grow larger without loosing its ability to get the materials for survival

Specialized cells perform a variety of functions

Prokaryotic Cells

Does not have a nucleusalso known as bacteriaworld’s smallest cells DNA is long, circular (like a rubber band)No membranes around their organelles

Eukaryotic Cells

Have a nucleus & many other membrane-covered organelles

DNA stored in the nucleus (and there’s more of it!)

May have a cell wall

Cell divided into compartments

Prokaryotic Eukaryotic

No Nucleus Nucleus

No Membrane-covered organelles

Membrane-covered organelles

Circular DNA Linear DNA

Bacteria All other cells

The Microscope

http://www.brainpop.com/technology/scienceandindustry/microscopes/

Label worksheet




Conclusion

Questions?!

Monday, September 22

OBJ 1-5. See previous notes/ slides.

Warm-up: Complete SR on page 15.

Homework: Study parts of the microscope and notes. Begin reading pages 16-24. *Protein Deficiency presentations due 10/. *Microscope QUIZ on 9/25

To Do…

Finish notesLabel parts of the microscopeMovieYour Creatures!

The Microscope

Label parts of the microscope.

See the following PowerPoint's: 1-Microscopes 2- Parts of the microscope and their function

Intro to the Microscope: Facts

Microscopes in this lab are descendants of those made in the 1600s.

Still use similar models- compound microscopes. Use 1 or more lenses to magnify objects.

Light microscopes: use compound lenses and light. Lens bends or refracts light to make object larger. *See next slide for convex lens

Scanning electron microscopes (SEMs): use electrons (negatively charged electrical particles) to magnify objects up to two million times. *Used to view objects smaller than that which can be seen by light microscopes.

Microscopes continued

Virtual Tour

http://www.discoveryeducation.com/teachers/free-lesson-plans/virtual-electron-microscope.cfm

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Swcz_TJMz0I

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9nUseN_E-l0

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PMIU1fkIPQs

How to prepare slides: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GHnndVuaync










http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GHnndVuaync


The SCOPE!!

Remember: how do we carry a microscope?

TWO HANDS

Review part of Microscope

Conclusion

Tuesday, September 23


Warm-up: Microscopes continued: name the powers for each objective lens.

Homework: Study parts of the microscope and notes. Continue reading pages 16-24. *Protein Deficiency presentations due (TBA)*Microscope QUIZ on 9/25

To Do…

Addition to microscope diagrams◦http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PMIU1fkIPQs

MoviePreparing slides

◦http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GHnndVuayncYour turn to tryParts of the microscope song- one more

time! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Swcz_TJMz0I




Conclusion

Can you name and describe two organelles you read about last night for homework?

Wednesday, September 24


Warm-up: Microscopes continued: describe the difference between the fine adjustment knob and coarse adjustment knob.

Homework: Review parts of the cell; finish packets. Microscope QUIZ tomorrow!

To Do…

Protein Deficiency presentationsMoviePreparing slides

◦http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GHnndVuayncParts of the microscope song- one more

time! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Swcz_TJMz0I

Notes: parts of the cell



Conclusion

Can you name and describe two organelles you read about last night for homework?

Thursday, September 25

OBJ 1-5. See previous notes/ slides. OBJ 6: Explain the function of each part of a eukaryotic

cell.

Warm-up: Microscope Quiz

Homework: Finish packet questions 6-10. Review day’s notes; POP QUIZ potential! Bibliography of your text book due tomorrow (use www.easybib.com). Diseases that lack protein project due 10/6.

http://www.easybib.com/

To Do…

QUIZ Review: Cell Similarities Parts of the cellExplain lab: The Letter E-Lab

Word Bank

EyepieceBaseFine adjustment knobStageArmRevolving nose pieceBody tubeStage clipsDiaphragmCoarse adjustment knobLight sourceLow objective lens (x10)Medium objective lens (x40)High objective lens (x100)

Cell Similarities

Cell membraneDNACytoplasm- jelly-like substance that

protects organelles and provides an Organelles- structures INSIDE cellsSmall in size*

When we talk about cells we need to know the appropriate WORDS!

Organelles: structures within the cell, sometimes surrounded by a membrane.

33

Cell Membrane

All cells are covered by a cell membraneSeparates outside materials from inside

materialsAllows nutrients & waste products in & outInteracts with things outside the cell

- Looking Inside Cells

34

Cell Wall

- Provides strength & support to the cell membrane of a PLANT cell


35

Nucleus

The nucleus is the cell’s control center, directing all of the cell’s activities.


36

Mitochondrion

Mitochondria are known as the “powerhouses” of the cell because they convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions.


37

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Is similar to the system of hallways in a building. Proteins and other materials move throughout the cell by way of these “hallways”. The spots on this organelle are ribosomes, which produce proteins.


38

Golgi Body

Receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell.


39

Vacuole

Stores water, waste and other materials.Help support the cell.


40

Lysosomes

Digest food particles, wastes, cell parts, and foreign invaders

ONLY in Animal cellsContain ENZYMES


41

Chloroplasts

Make food using the energy of sunlightIn Plants ONLYContain chlorophyll (makes cholorplasts

GREEN) Energy is trapped by chlorophyll and is

used to make sugar (aka photosynthesis)Sugar produced goes on to mitochondria


42

Conclusion

1. Why is the cytoplasm important to the cell?

2. What do you think is the most important organelle to the cell? Justify your answer.

Friday, September 26


Warm-up: Section Review on page 23.

Homework: Complete handout. Review day’s notes; POP QUIZ potential! SitN# 5 due 10/10. Disease prjt due 10/6

Add this question to your Section Review

What would be the negative effects of a cell’s not having lysosomes?

To Do…

Explain homeworkPreparing slidesRead through today’s labLetter “E” lab

Monday, September 29

OBJ 1-6. See previous notes/ slides.OBJ 7: Describe the difference between animal cells and

plant cells.

Warm-up: What is the difference between animal and plant cells?

Homework: Finish (we will see how far we get!!) Letter “E” Lab questions (postponed until tomorrow). Review day’s notes; POP QUIZ potential! A/P cell QUIZ on Tuesday

To Do…

Check “How the Cell Operates” packet/ HWPreparing slides/ Read through today’s labLetter “E” lab

What happens to the projected image when it goes through the microscope?

Why is it important to use the low power objective lens to focus instead of the high powered lens?

Conclusion

Tuesday, September 30


Warm-up: What is the purpose of a bibliography?

Homework: 1.) SitN# 5 due 10/10. Disease prjt due 10/6. SF due 10/1

Peer Reviewed

Articles have been reviewed by scientists in a particular field◦These scientists have compared YOUR data

with data from similar experiments to see if what YOU say makes sense

To Do…

A/P QuizLetter “E” labScience Fair STUFF!



Conclusion

Wednesday, October 1


TURN IN DRAFT BIBLIOGRAPHY

Warm-up: What does a rigid cell wall allow a plant cell to do? Why is this important for the survival of a plant?

Homework: TEST on 10/9; study all notes; SF Hypothesis/ Prediction due 10/8; SitN# 5 due 10/10

To Do…

The Letter “E” labAnimal vs. Plant diagrams (OPTIONAL)GO: draw a plant cell & an animal cell

(OPTIONAL)



The Letter E lab

Graphic Organizer

Complete the graphic organizer, filling out the function portion and checking whether the organelle is found in just plants, just animals, or both.

OPTION: Once you are done, draw an animal cell & a plant cell on the back of your graphic organizer using colored pencils.

Cell city ◦Open to page 16 and make sure you have these terms written down

◦These are the ONLY organelles you have to worry about ◦Google Cell City – the first link should be the activity for

today. (I will show you)

Think back to the microscope: if the high powered objective lens is in position and the focal view is blurry, what should you do? Explain.

Conclusion

Thursday, October 2


Warm-up: Take out animal and plant cell from yesterday.

Homework: SitN# 5 due 10/10; SF Hypothesis/ Prediction due 10/8; TEST on 10/9; study all notes

To Do…

1. Plant and animal cell diagrams2. Go over organelle functions3. Venn Diagram/ handouts4. G.O. of P & A cells

Parts of the Animal Cell

1. Cell membrane2. Mitochondria3. Nucleolus4. Lysosome5. Chromosomes (chromatin)6. Golgi Body 7. Cytoplasm8. Endoplasmic reticulum (Rough E.R.)9. Nucleus10. Ribosomes11. Centrioles (Animal cell ONLY)12. Vacuole13. Endoplasmic reticulum (Smooth E.R.)

Parts of the Plant Cell

1. Cell wall2. Golgi body3. Mitochondria4. Endoplasmic reticulum (Rough E.R.)5. Nucleolus6. Chromosomes (chromatin)7. Nucleus8. Cell membrane9. Chloroplast (Think Green!)10. Vacuole11. Ribosomes12. Mitochondria13. Endoplasmic reticulum (Smooth E.R.)14. Cytoplasm

Create a triple Venn diagram

Plant CellAnimal Cell

Prokaryotes

Cell wall RibosomeEndoplasmic reticulumMitochondria ChloroplastGolgi ComplexVesicleVacuoleLysosome Cytoplasm

OrganellesNucleusAnimal cellPlant CellBacteria Circular DNA Linear DNANo Nucleus Membrane covered-organelles No membrane-covered organelles

Words 2 Use

Conclusion

1. Why are cells so small? (hint: page 37 of text)

2. List two organelles plant cells have that animal cells do not?

Monday, October 6 & Tuesday, October 7


Warm-up: Get ready for today’s lab

Homework: Chapter Review pg 28 #1-13. TEST on 10/9. SF due 10/8. SitN# 5 due 10/10. QUEST on Thurs. 10/17

Cheek and Onion cell lab

Be sure to follow all safety instructions. Remember: iodine stains!

To Do… Lab

Conclusion

What 5 characteristics of mitochondria suggest that they may have originated as bacteria? (See Book C, page 28)

Wednesday, October 8


Warm-up: Turn in DRAFT Hypothesis/ Prediction (place in Science Bin)

Classwork: Finish Lab and complete Ch. Review- pgs 28-29 #16-22

Homework: Finish Lab questions- due tomorrow. SitN# 5 due 10/10. SF Materials, Procedures, Variables (with Plan of Analysis) and Number of Trials due 10/15. TEST tomorrow!

Open to page 16 and take out your animal and plant cell diagrams.

◦These are the organelles you have to worry about ◦Google Cell City – the first link should be the activity for

today. (I will show you)

◦Name three organelles located in the animal cell, but not in the plant cell. What do these organelles do in the plant cell?

◦What 5 characteristics of mitochondria suggest that they may have originated as bacteria? (See Book C, page 28)

Cell City

Conclusion

Thursday, October 9


Warm-up: Place lab in Science bin.

Classwork: TEST right now!

Homework: Read and take notes on text pages 34-37.

*SF M, P, V (with plan) and T due 10/15

Homework REMINDER!

TESTScience Fair – do you have ANY questions!Let’s begin the next chapter

*SF M, P, V (with plan) & T due 10/15*Review Science Fair calendar.

To Do…

friday, september 19th obj 1: state the parts of the cell theory. obj 2: explain why cells are so...

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