free + freedom: liberating higher education through open educational practices
TRANSCRIPT
Free + FreedomLiberating Higher Education through
Open Educational Practices
Open Studies Teaching Fellow, Kwantlen Polytechnic UniversityOER Research Fellow, Open Education Group
Faculty Workshop Facilitator, Open Textbook Network
Rajiv Jhangiani, Ph.D.
@thatpsychprof
“higher education shall be equally accessible to all”
$17,849 for 8 months
$12.20 minimum wage
1463 hours
28 hours/week for 52 weeks
• AB Students now work 231% more hours than they did in 1975 to pay for PSE
• AB Students now work 231% more hours than they did in 1975 to pay for PSE
• Half of Bachelor’s degree graduates rely on student loans
"Kids Giving you problems? Hire an Elephant" by peasap is licensed under CC BY 2.0
• AB Students now work 231% more hours than they did in 1975 to pay for PSE
• Half of Bachelor’s degree graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan debt surpassed $15 billion
• AB Students now work 231% more hours than they did in 1975 to pay for PSE
• Half of Bachelor’s degree graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan debt surpassed $15 billion
• Average student debt in Canada is $28,495The cost of textbooks has risen by 1041% since 1977
Source: Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives
• AB Students now work 231% more hours than they did in 1975 to pay for PSE
• Half of Bachelor’s degree graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan debt surpassed $15 billion
• Average student debt in Canada is $28,495
• 3 years after graduating, only 34% are debt free
• AB Students now work 231% more hours than they did in 1975 to pay for PSE
• Half of Bachelor’s degree graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan debt surpassed $15 billion
• Average student debt in Canada is $28,495
• 3 years after graduating, only 34% are debt free
• When debt reaches $10,000, program completion rates drop from 59% to 8%
• The cost of textbooks has risen by 1041% since 1977
“The opposite of Open is not closed;the opposite of open is broken”
-John Wilbanks
"France in 2000 year (XXI century). Future school." by Jean Marc Cote is in the Public Domain
Let’s try a thought exercise
"More?" by Alan Levine is licensed under CC BY 2.0
"Ellis Hall Active Learning Classroom" by Queen's University is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0
open.bccampus.ca
What can YOU do?
• Survey your student body• #textbookbroke campaign• Presentations • Utilize visuals, create displays• Speak directly to faculty & admin• Suggest that faculty review a textbook• Showcase examples• Form a student-led OER group• Connect. Collaborate.
Not purchased the required textbook
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
46 15.5 22.7 7.8 8.1
Never
Rarely
Sometimes
Often
Very Often
Percentage of Respondents
ACTUAL SPENDING ON TEXTBOOKS (PAST 12 MONTHS)RANGE: $0-$3000; MEAN: $698; MEDIAN: $500
Jhangiani & Jhangiani (in press)
Used interlibrary loan copies
Leased e-chapters
Rented e-textbooks
Rented print textbooks
Used library reserve copies
Leased e-textbook
Shared textbooks with classmates
Downloaded textbooks from the internet
Purchased used copies from the campus store
Sold used textbooks
Purchased textbooks from a source other than the campus store
Unaffected by the cost of textbooks
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%Jhangiani & Jhangiani (in press)
Buy used (if possible)Buy onlineResell (if possible)RentShared purchase(Inter)library loansPhotocopyInternational editionOld edition
Revise Remix
Retain Redistribute
Reuse
Source: David Wiley, http://opencontent.org/blog/archives/3221 March 5, 2014, CC-BY
open = free + permissions
Source: Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons report
rijksmuseum.nl
gutenberg.org
open.bccampus.ca
openstax.org
Source: Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons report
HOW IMPORTANT TO YOU ARE THE FOLLOWING FEATURES OF YOUR OPEN TEXTBOOK?
Shareability
Permanent retention
Option to print
Convenience/portability
Immediate access
Cost savings
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
12.6
6.7
9.6
7.8
2.9
1
13.6
22.1
15.4
4.9
1
1.9
31.1
20.2
21.2
16.5
10.6
9.6
21.4
26
21.2
32
36.5
26.9
21.4
25
32.7
38.8
49
60.6
Not important at all Of little importance Of average importanceVery important Absolutely essential Jhangiani & Jhangiani (in press)
I would not have bought the text book for this course because it's an elective. I would have possibly walked away with a C, now I might actually get an A-
It is easily accessible and convenient. Material is easy to understand and follow
I personally really like the convenience of having the complete set of chapters on my computer and even accessible from my phone if I need it. I like that I don't have to lug around another text book
It's free and it's a great money saver
Jhangiani et al. (under review)
Jhangiani, R. S., Dastur, F., LeGrand, R., & Penner, K. (under review). As good or better than commercial textbooks: Students’ perceptions and outcomes from using open digital and open print textbooks.
Exam 1 Exam 2 Exam 30
102030405060708090
100Traditional
Open Print
Open Digital
Perc
ent C
orre
ct
p < 0.05 ns ns
“Mad” “Glad”
“Sad” “Rad”
Cost
Completing with C or Better
Student Success per Dollar
0 100%
$200
“Mad” “Glad”
“Sad” “Rad”
Cost
Completing with C or Better
Commercial
Student Success per Dollar
0 100%
$200
“Mad” “Glad”
“Sad” “Rad”
Cost
Completing with C or Better
Commercial
OER
Student Success per Dollar
0 100%
$200
Commercial vs. OER
Hilton et al. (in press)
Cost savings
Access
Portability
Course performance
Adapt, update, & remix
Enrolment
Student retention
Program completion
"Recycling Water Bottles" by Mr.TinDC is licensed under CC BY-ND 2.0
Open Pedagogy: HOW
Deeper learning (Farzan & Kraut, 2013)
Evaluate and defend credibility of sources (Marentette, 2014)
Write more concisely and think more critically (Farzan & Kraut, 2013)
Collaborate with students from around the world (Karney, 2012)
Provide and receive constructive feedback (Ibrahim, 2012)
Enhance digital literacy (Silton, 2012)
Communicate ideas to a general audience (APS, 2013)
22,000
37,000+
97%
Students who have taken on Wikipedia assignments since 2010
New articles that students have created
Instructors who say they will, or plan to, teach with Wikipedia again
Why have students answer questions when
they can write them?
StudentsTopicsQuestions
3510
1400
PM4ID
"GB Airways A320" by Tony Evans is licensed under CC BY-ND 2.0
"IMG_1007" by Erica is licensed under CC BY 2.0
