frederick duquesne nazi spy ring fbi documents part one

7/30/2019 Frederick Duquesne Nazi Spy Ring FBI Documents Part One.

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/frederick-duquesne-nazi-spy-ring-fbi-documents-part-one 1/16

. 1;,

.,~K O . 92

I ~;5 ¢~1_.».v#39;§.my I

§§§§h{

1

92 , I"'»[.@#r~Tii I

1sy 1 ' 1'.i~92§;~* -» "

. -, =,;',,--.7 I > r"f_3 ',-' 3 I? ,.f, I ~ _.: 92ng91'§- . » _,'.'<-»-,.,.- 1»!-' = 1,4' ' .., A m..'

*4 1'" gr 5,.

v, ._,,¢,I

-V,1:.t » 3.~ms 1;;-,

> ~.J'-Tq:~_,- -abW

. --.92'.»u

, '"-1~ ' » / , : ~ ' __ _ :"|/4W ' 92fj;,;, 1I. _, » -A K z;' V ",<»- ' 1 _ ,»_;* ' F .

, ,8 E}I ' ".~<v

»§ . 4* < bW;.¢, V1*! V»*1 Q 4.~: -.

w 45¢

.

'

39;

it

+ A,,

, , ~

_ AFEDERALBUREAUOF INVESTIGATION

FREEDOMOF INFORMATION/PRIVACYACTSSECTION

COVER SHEET

'SUBJECT:,_ FREDERICK

IN OCASIEWRITEUlZ i

IL

/

$L¥929292 ¬92%§_9292

92_____92 L



, i_ ,,,JEgk..-. I7 $4,,7,» I . Q _ ,. . . ,.. _, » . , _1 e- , _;-.21. . I _ ;:~gr, __ _ _: ,___, ,____;,_h,,_ M 2 J . I - <1"""*' * ' -""5",i*""*'*"'*'-.4"12':_._:-:1:»~::. _»Q -_=1'4;»~-hf-e1::~_~;+,o4»...e.. ._

1I

, .-'1». { _ '~' " ~. .. ,92-¬* , »' ~ ex,'3. -r - '_ I' . .._ Y _ ' z .» ' I '~ Y 1

-- ~_ _ , _ . - .. " U "

' . 'Y ' "Q." ' ~ "3-_ _ , , 4 ~;,;.;.-> VP. 1 > .

1 92 Q '

;->

§

Z 3

" ,I3}.8.De;1%n:1naen£0Hustice

§;g%T7p ~ t ,yukmummuefh*9 WhuwmD£ZX%

it G March12. was

DUQUESNESPY RING

On January 2,192, 33 membersof a Nazi spy ring ,headed by Frederick Joubert Duquesne were sentenced toserve a

total ofover 300years in prison. Theywere brought to Justiceafter a lengthyespionage investigation by the FBI. WilliamSebold, who hadbeen recruited asa spy for Germany, was a majorfactor in the FBI'ssuccessful resolution of this case throughhis work as a double agent for the United States.

A native of Germany, William Sebold served in the ~German army during World War I. After leaving Germanyin 1921,he worked in industrial and aircraft plants throughout theUnited States and South America. On February 10,1936, he becamea naturalized eitizen.Qf the United tates. U ~

Sebold returnedto Germany in February,1939, to visit

his mother in Mulheim. Upon his arrival in Hamburg, Germany, hewas approached by a member of the Gestapo who said that Sebeldwould be contacted in the near future. Sebold proceeded to 2Mulheim where he obtained employment. .

~ in September,1939, a Dr. Gassnervisited Sebold inMulheim and interrogated him regarding military planes andequipment in the United States. He also asked Sebold to returnto the United States as an espionageagent for Germany.Subsequent visits by Dr. Gassner and a "Dr. Renken," later 9identified as Major Nickolaus Bitter of the German SecretService, persuaded Sebold to cooperate with the Reich because hefeared reprisals against family membersstill living in Germany.

Since Sebold'spassport had been stolen-shortly afterhis first visit from Dr. Gassner, Sebold went to the AmericanConsulate in Cologne, Germany,to obtain a7newone. While doingso, Sebold secretly told personnel of the AmericanConsulate

_abouthisfuture role as a Germanagent.and expressed.his wish to

Sebold reported to Hamburg, Germany, where he wasinstructed in such areasas preparing coded messages andmicrophotographsUpon completion of training, he was given fivemicrophotographs containing instructions for preparing a code and

detailing the type of information he wasto transmit to Germany

cooperate with the FBI upon his return to America. u

from the United States. Sebold was told to retain two of the*r-microphotograph§-and to deliver the other thnee to German-



w

s

=

,- -,,.~,,_ , .

nair-ina

%

GI

V -4"f=~=:-~Y::=~~~~~--e-l-_e, _-~;_-~_</-~'_::~j ~~»,-.~;-_ ;~_<:;}_.-,._.,-» _~-T~ _- e _;:r_%¢::*_'~='- ~,'4.__ A 4».. .-.~.~.-. ' _ x

.a~~ 1 ~,» or-A _ . n ~ p I -"92-w-J: . '92-. 4 ~

- _/ 1 -t - .1,, ii?. hm1' e J » - - L

1.1:; 65~;891:6" 1* »_ ,

operativesin.tha;Un§tedStates,Afterreceining£ial_fd V

instruotions,.inoluding using the assumednamh5of,§§arrySahysr,"he sailed from G§naa,§1taly, and arrived iq§@WYork Citroen "February 8,l1940; *o_» byV t it= pg "V ,r

_ The FBI previously had beenadvised of Sebold's M expected arrival, his mission and his intentions to assist theme-in identifying Germanagents in the United States. Underthee jguidance of Special Agents, Sebold established residence in 5NewYork City as Harry Sawyer. Also, an office was establishednfor him asa consultant diesel engineer, to be usedas a cover inestablishing contacts with membersof the spy ring. In selectingthis office for Sebold, FBI Agents ensured that theycould Tobserve any meetings taking place there. -

_ In May, 190, a shortwave radio transmitting station.operated by FBI Agents on Long Island established contact withthe German shortwave station abroad. This radio station servedas a main channel of communicationbetweenGermanspies in,'NewYork City and their superiors in Germanyfor 16 months.?During this time, the FBI'sradio station transmitted over.30Omessagesto Geranyasandreceived ZQQm¢§§a5¢§hf'°mGermany.

Seholdjs success asia counterespionaeagent againstNazi spiesin the UnitedStates is demonstratedby thevsuccessfulprosecution of the 33 Germanagents in NewXerhe Qt those, tarrested on charges of espionage, 19 pleaded guilty. the it men

whoentered pleas of not guilty werebroughtto trial in FederalDistrict Court, Brooklyn, NewYork, on September3, i9M1, andthey were all found guilty by Jury on December13, t9§1.

' The activities of each of these convicted spies and$ebo1d'srole in uncovering their espionage activities for theReich follo.-

FREDERICK JOUBERT DUQUESNE . e

Born in Cape Colony, South Africa, on September 21,1877, Frederick Joubert Duquesneemigrated from Hamilton, _

Bermuda,to the United States in 1902andbecamea naturalizedUnited States citizen on December N, 1913. Duquesnewasimplicated in fraudulent insuranceclaims, including one thatresulted from a fire aboard the British steamship Tennyson which caused the vessel to sink on February 18, 1916 Whenhe was arrestedonNovember17, 1917;whehadin his=possessionea&#39file of newsclippings concerning bombexplosions on ships, aswell as a letter from the Assistant German Vice Consul at Managua,Nicaragua. The letter indicated that "Captain Duquesne"was "one who has rendered considerable service to the Germancause."" ¢

Q

-2.-



~W '92r

keg:

. ,3 ; . ., W .,92,~- 4-*7 1. ., . ,v. .,mh.v_ . . ., . ,£. _, ___..7_,,..l_ W ,3 it < V g _ 7 - TA I- .»3/92§;__, 3;. ;_< ».I ' 1. I . -. 'I'~ M ._ 4".I-f , ''i 1 Xi.

1,.-92 a* - 0--4 w

- _- u O 4.0

~

¢.

-92

=

vi.-.

g _; , "" . 1 I i 9 .. .-my. 5 ;<.I,» .1,,~ ' / , <. ~,' g ' 1* ~ .~:{:;Z7I V . f /r ," i .2 v I . . * I .

r. i - :=@- ' ,,, ; v 3.ax , ~~I I.»,- ¢ W . _ 92 .7 3.,¬kf,;§v| K _ 3

. * V Ki.-;."%.* . ,I L; . ~, ~»"1~:~~- ».. I ~ #1 r , . I ~1»».I ~ ** 92~ -..I~; i ' ' V . :»_-,,. .I,I ~,. .» , ~»¢~ . i-,.

aI" ' "II. < ;»J '~ ' 5% g 92* yr 92 :.I ' *, :1. r . m J _ __!5- ye ».~ ; LgAP . I . I ~_,. 1, » g _; - I . ;' ..~ ., , ,» V , ,~»q'/1-I r - 9; I in J-.1.- $1.. ,1. . ; AL

¢<=~Y Iyahp,huquesne was oparatinmia husiness knQW]%as% heFf.~VTér"=r1Iie%e1s ¢@aaeai*' efwi1:§sIi%;eh1ieh~iee~hfirst contact with vgqgeeaasyaieteaa, seaeia met w&%h;h¥m$1*; Duquesne's office. During their initial meeting, uquesne, whoT* -wasextremely concernedabout the possibility of electronic ~.Aisurveillance devices being present in his office, gave Sebold ay note stating that they should talk elsewhere; After relocating; to an Automat, the two menexchangedinformation about members_ogthe Germanespionage systemwith whomthey had been in oontactgnv

_ Duquesneprovided Sebold with information for transmittal to Germanyduring subsequent meetings, and the meetings which occurred in SebQldY5°ffi¢e "ere filmed by FBI In Agents. Duquesne,whowas vehementlyanti-British, submitted in information dealing with national defense in America, the sailing ct ships to British ports and technology. He also regularly received money from Germanyin payment for his services. ,

* On one occasion, Euquesneprovided Sebold with photographs_and specifications of a new type of bomb beingFrodnoedin the Hnited States: He claimed that he secured that material by seoretly;en¬eFi§§ the uPoat plant in Wilmington; Delaware. paquesnealso explained howfires could be started in industrial'$§ants.-Muchof the informationDuquesne obtained was the result of his correspondence with industrial concerns. v

Representing himself as astndent, he requested dataIconcerning" their products and manufacturing conditions.

1 .Duquesne was brought to trial and was convicted.he'was sentenced to serveI18 years in prison on espionagecharges,as well as»a 2-year concurrent sentence and paymentof a $2,009 fine for violation of the Registration Act. -

PAUL BANTE '"

" A native of Germany, Paul Bante served in the German_armyduring World Har I. He cameto the United States in 1930 and becamea naturalized United States citizen in 1938.y A

Bante, formerly a member of the German-American Bund,claimed that Germany put him in contact with one of their- operatives, Paul Fehse, because of Bante's previous association with a Dr. Ignatz T. Griebl.. Before fleeing to Germany to escape

I~"prosecution, Dr. Griebl had been implicated ins: aziaspy ring~~with Guenther Gustave Rumrich, who was tried on"espionage charges in 1938. -I " - ,n

a

Q

_ 3 -

V v - Q '9 r ?"°-'"'- r-ea-:='i =1n-é--~~~~w~~- ~ ~-r ;~§~~;-_§»§._;,,q-'~>'- J! Q:;_;_4_. v" ' r - "r .' '. .1 - '..,,¢ . _ H v A »;. ._v_._l _2t~fK§&W'H~§ér [email protected]...:4 .:.;V.=..~1§$tIkf" -VIA x

, ' '" " 92 J'' r v ' iM.""I4 :k'~I1S¢*92»-we,2 r i4 i if 2



V ._ ~, P _f '_ _. _0 a,. >. -" 1'*" 5 -_*~:~~ Puma----~pL~; -,~:_~,_ ' ' ~71. Meg .'___.._-_,, _ V __ _ __ _ ' ' _ ' . _ - -N v V, V, _ iY _ . _ 7 W ~41»; ::;.. »._ ~_-1 _,.-,>=e ':>*_::¢d'-imp--92 ...s....,>.a.-a.-.-»-.4._ ..Q v ,.» , , V .. 1 1 s. A V1v0 ~o '_ " Q,.» _y.'.,, _- V'' Q. _ 1 ~ ' '

. _ _.,. ..., ,_ . .,,, . . . . . .

1 a

1

§

%

2

, ' 7""'x ' > -,~,0 ' . I ' '

:1 > ~12 '

65?-3z'9X§,-.. M . x» _ I>_ q. .. >~y;,»,_ _ II 5 I"M x , :- ,

H .@,"Bante assisted Rahl Fehse in obtaining information ;%aabout ships bound for Britain with gar materials and supplies.~»"

Bante elaimed that asia member of the Gestapo his function was;aocreate disoontentwamong~nnion workers, stating that every stridewould assist Germany; 1 - .;§

Sebold met Bante at the Little Casino Restaurant, whichwas frequented by several members ofthis spy ring. During onesuch meeting, Bante advised that he was preparing a fuse bomb,and he subsequently delivered dynamite and detonation caps to LSebold.. 1 '

-' Entering a guilty plea to violation of the RegistrationAct, Bante was sentenced to 18 months imprisonment and was fined$1,000. 1

MAX BERNK

to the United States from Germany inbecame a United 8tates citizen, BlankYork City at aGerman library and atra to German trade,

. Paul Fehse, amajor figure in this case, informedGermany that Blank, who was acquainted with several members ofthe spy ring,could secure some valuable information but lackedthe funds to do so. Later Fehse and Blank met with Sebold in hisoffice., They told Sebold that Blank could obtain details about,rubberized self-sealing airplane gasoline tanks, as well as anewBraking device for airplanes, from a friend who worked in a

Max Blank came1928, Although he neverhad been employed in Newboon store whioh oateree

-shipyard. However, he needed moneyto get the infonmation. _

'Blank pleaded guilty to violation ofthe RegistrationAct. He received asentence of 18 months imprisonment and a $1,000 fine. ' ~e

. ALFRED E. BROKOFF

Alfred E. Brokhoff, anative ofGermany, came to theUnited States in 1923 and became anaturalized citizen in 1929.

He was a mechanic for the United States Lines in New York Cityfor 17 years prior to his arrest. Because ofhis employment on-the docks, he knew almost all ofthe other agents in this groupwho were working as seamen on various ships. _ _ M-~.»',»;-;_ 5,. _ - 7,,-.. . .. . _ _ {.'j92_ _ _-. %.- .;_~~,;, -

" '"Brokhoff helped Fehse secure informationabout thesailing dates and cargoes ofvessels destined for England; Healso assisted Fehse in transmitting this information to Germany.Also, another German agent, George V. Leo Waalen, reported thathe had received information from Brokhoff for transmittal to

Germany. L-

_ u -



£47; _ _

. .-. _ , , ,. _ , ,., . . ,.,, ., ,._,.,, , * Q" . 2] ~Wfw data,

I yr .= . J y - *

'-,Z I - 1

4»

I

%

_,i_._...____~i.__,.__,A ____, _ L4 _ , , . .' . ""';" " 7I r V , "f LW~ '~~,-_; -1-.»<»...:';~e»=A-~-=-.1; -:r>-' I'4...-' ,...... '~..3. , &#3

G ' ' i - . * 5 :1 , . 1 £5". _ "

,,, '-. 1 "' -' 92 . 1 1

x .' ,,

1~¢.-65-ease 1 ,924 ~' ~ 1 ~ . 1 , ,, i 1» , > 3;; - .,_, . I .4 .V . _

U » tQUpon conviction,Brekhcff wassentenced tc'serve a 7% fiveeyear prises term for violation cf the espionageatatutes_am@Mto serve a~twc4yearteencurrent sentence for violation sf the Qt .Registration,Act-:_ " 1 tr» p

HEINRICH CLAUSING R 1

< 1 In September, 1934, German-born Heinrich Clausing came to the United States, where he became a naturalized citizen in 11938. Having served on various ships sailing from New York y Harbor since his arrival in the country, he was employed as a cook on the SS Argentine at the_time of his arrest. _

Closely associated with Franz Stigler, one of the principal contact men for this spy ring, Clausing operated asacourier. .He'transportedmicrophotographs and other material from the United States to South American ports, from which the J information was sent to Germany via Italian airlines. He also 2 established a mail drop in South America for expeditious ~ t _ transmittal of information to Germany by mail.

0 iausing was consisted and was sentenced to serve eight years for violation of espionage statutes. He also received a »two-year concurrent sentence for violation of the Registration

" V I CONRADIN OTTO DOLD

9 ConradinOttoDoldcameto the UnitedStatesfrom Germany in 1926. He became a United States citizen in 193M under the Seaman's Act.' Prior to his arrest, he was Chief Steward 1 _ aboard the S§'Siboney of the American Export.Lines.

Dold was related to people holding high positions in Germany and was closely associated with other members of the espionage group who worked on ships sailing from New York Harbor.As a courier, Dold carried information from Nazi agents in the United States to contacts in neutral ports abroad for transmittal to Germany. _

Dold was sentenced to serve ten years in prison on espionage charges and received a two-year concurrent sentence and

ga fine of $1,000 for violation of the Registration Act. 1 _- - ' .-' _ ..,>~,_~. _.' 3 '»"' " - ' ' '- '" :--i"%§ -- ' ' ' '' "»I .- "~.l,.>i 92»"..'T"!3..7' &#39

. - aunotr aaztxuc *- ~~ry~...~ X, _ .'_i92»

After leaving Germany for the United States in 1925,Rudolf Ebeling became an American citizen in 1933. He was employed as-a foreman in the Shipping Department of Harper and Brothers in New York City when he was arrested.

- 5 _



i

;

9;V§~Vi'

*

,,v < .992V i

u

§ 2

A» .»-.V / 1--W; VV Va1V W! VI "V"_192~v

1' .... ,,,

0

I

v

VI ' I J :» V ,,_1 »,V V.1 _ _ J V_ _V _-, . V ,h,,_;,AU,_,.VVl:,>>;,]92* V V I

V»I jfi v - _;92 ~ ~~,i/.j~V»l ,-'.:~ rm; s'~. ' -" I y, , I A _ _. 4__, V,-vVVm3 T.~." '"7}1*~ ' 1 VL I ** " V" . I 2 " I 1?V*§V*'e".' 1 v Z V /1; ge »;_hV.m.~@V we ~~»» ~ ¢-i.»» <VV 0 VI. Vw. ~»V'¢~»@ 92v>:V.1 w V.§?V*.V* ~ ' 1 ==**VT+*'"" ~-_¢~'1s@,*:V"V141+=-1~' ' -1e~~#-* ~V'Ve V;__.,_ ._____V,; _,_, wn =_,'V ' ,- y 4: Vl. -, - . V » V -4 92 ~ Xl ~ A " or 717" ~ ~-sexy-rjsw-_,92!=f9204.g:92!g*bP~ .V_,¢ » VV 4, .,, -Na k u ' -.

w ».V . V V V. .M u f

Bs _ l . V .V » ., V,i V A 92_V V3,,V _, V _,VVV

V a ;,_~.3_V- , '_;~;;¢ "5?- Q ' V7,; . L ',j.; V I I _ _ r VI.v I» I ,,_s _H.j.._VV. ' "" . '~v'.,f '/13'h '{* Q aM;".z 1;V .65

.:1J7"'!* .1~V; - V . , ;V _ V.VV¢@en»V >. »V V- -V '" ,~ V

£%gW,&5*ggg6.r@Q@£ff§ > V axikilv v L 1*

., . Vi: . -VV av-....VV~V .. .VV= VV _ VV - V V '= ' » Q-"V113»1;»;:.. V4 * V _t-Va: ».' V V VV. , VI , V. /l ~ g,.,V92.4V= = V» Vw: *1 V. _=V~ 1» V- ~ » Y V-~~ V,v vi V 11+ WW:-V ' -3 v V »- '' :~V*».'V2' V ' V , .V.,,;¬n ._ _ V Y,92 Y V g ,..

Q 1V3,@;§§%¬~V§£h%%;£%*?=*@»V, Iéfee,e;t§§;-1,aV5y,§'1,"_t¥ VVV.+V~tee11e#,eeeai~~@ 1nrormse¥¢and dargeea@ee,d%§@@e°prpvideg eapay; pasefartransmittal to

Germawy; deft irntahgdsuchinfdnmétien ta tea Qaaien,wha>,deliveded the material td"$eud1d for transmittal. »~r '~ g ' , * I 'n.- . I .VV - V ,_i_V , y. V

'4>wVupon conviction; Eheling was sentenced to five years inprispn on espionage charges.V He also received a two~year X coneurrent sentence and a $1,000 fine for violating the 1Registration Aet.'_ D - V. l.~ {A g -0

- azcannpsicasuuua. ' i 4»' ., >

g. Richard Eichenlaub, who came to the United States in 1930 and became a citizen in 1936, operated the Little Casino Restaurant in the Yonkville Section of New York City. This restaurantVwas a rendezvous sea many members of this spy ring,and Eichenlaut introduced several new members into the group.

r Eichenlaub reported to the German Gestapo and often - obtained information from his customers who were engaged in

national deiense production, Through Eichenlaub, dynamite was delivered te»Sebold £:dm<Bante.' C

'pf; Q>QBa?§§g entered_aplea of guilty to violation of the gegistratioq see, Eichenlaub was sentencedato pay a fine of $1,000 and to serve 18 months in prison. ; V

. '1' ' ~ V HEINRICH cm. swans - V

j A native of Germany, Heinrich Carl EiLers came to the United States in 1923 and became a citizen in 1932¢ From 1933 until his arnest,Vhe served as a steward on ships sailing from New York City.

1;

Eilers made a.trip from New York to Washington, D.C.,

to obtain information for Germany from the Civil Aeronautics Authority. His mission, however, was unsuccessful.

_ At the time of his arrest in New York City by Customs authorities in June, 1930, he had in his possession 20 letters addressed to people throughout Europe. He also had books_relating to magnesium andVa1uminum alloys which had been sent to him by Edmund Carl Heine, one of the principal espionage agents in this group.,eq£M¬ $Q£HV,§,,,, _§g,V.,m%g§&é§gé$%¬§,

' Upon conviction, Eilers received a five~year prison sentence on espionage charges and a concurrent sentence of two years' imprisonment and a $1,000 tine under the Registration Act.



l}§.

1,G

_._

. ' "

¬

a9<,?* Heine sent letters from.Detroit,.Michigan,§$o;Lilly .

92 , ,' , "-1,;'< <1 ti» >*,=.~*f~1

. ......-....-- _ _ _--......-....... _ _.-._e,:»,._-»..1 _-_-_-......._:_;»e:_-.; -,i-:->:e~,~-_e__-....... __

vi _ S' . ' ' 3- ' X:3' 1 '. »~a .11', , .92, ' .* HS ~

..k ' l _ > / ,

:.c;~ss-sans~ , --

I ~=92 st

A 5,-» .~,, 1; timeFEH$£a; iiS, ;

, In~193H, Paul Fehseleft Germanyfor the United States,where he becamea citizen in 1938. Since his arrival in this ,country, he had been employedas a cook aboard ships sailing fromNewYork Harbor. . ,

" Fehsewasoneof the directing forces in this espionagegroup. He arranged meetings, directed membersactivities,correlated information that had been developed, and arranged forits transmittal to Germany,chiefly throughSebold. Fehse, whowas trained for espionage work in Hamburg, Germany, claimed he headedthe Marine Division of the Germanespionagesystem in theUnited States. 1 1

1 Having becomequite apprehensiveand nervous, Fehsemadeplans to leave the country. He obtained a position on theSSSiboney,whichwasscheduledto sail fromHoboken,NewJersey,for Lisbon, Portugal, on March 29, 1941. He planned to desertship in Lisbon and return to Germany. .

mnevsr, before he could leare the United States, Fehsewasarrested by FBI Agents. Uponarrest, he admittedsendingletters to Italy for transmittal to dermany,aswell as reportingthe movementsof British ships; 1

,'OnApril 1, 19H1,Fehsewassentencedon a plea of"guilty to serve one year andone day in prison for violation ofthe RegistrationAot.. Hesubsequentlypleadedguilty toespionage and received a prison sentence-of 15 years.

. EDHUND.CARLnexus ' '

A native of Germany, Edmund Carl Heine came to the-United States in 1910andbecamea naturalized citizen in 1920.Until 1938, he held various positions in the foreign sales andservice departmentsof Ford Motor Companyand Chrysler MotorCorporation. His employmenttook him to the WestIndies, _ South America,Spain, andBerlin, Germany.-Heinewascloselyassociated with Dr. Hans Luther, former GermanAmbassadorin 1

Washington, D.C., and Prince Louis Ferdinand of Berlin.'1



';f,{~ " .5 QQQ

xv "' V ..~ ~~.-3 ;~-:-,w_,t.h!W>v,g~;,'r _ --n;;;x.qV;@!r'~W~V ,.-7.-.__-¢,»~.,.;5;;;-'~w.~§,;,.r. "ImY"Y_ V V _ V , V, > .»....,./ V.,V . V - V._92 =&#39. r 1 ~ M V . V. ~ V V .7,/.r.»;,» . .-pa ~ ». V V. .V..92it .- vb--Q.-.-....--_.-s.----.-_.a..-.__._-...~_-...__ - 4...,..u..~.'-1-~..*..._.........,"- 1- ;_i_u- V s~»*~ _ ~:¢,- £1' l .V ,:';r-=_- ._.~-....-....-.. _-9&1:-V __ ___;;_,..._:= __.,_.:,__:__~i: __:=V_;__V . *4__Ar e 1,_V.-., _ ,. ,.»';£3. _ - . V :V92 ; V =,- _92 *V -, is _e54Vi6e=ei-bag.-,_,~_ =n_VV ,,:9; *1 - 1 _' Qe ~- '!7'§f3' ff ' _'~_'3"§'§if '{!é" H-

.V~' """ * ,3 r. ,' .92 ' 'P?'3 I 1- . -"~"f;2<l& ~ "V» 92 * jri ' .- ~ . 92 ,.,~ ~ ' *w». " ,VV1~vV

' ~ r.=~'.§' _ ~v-. '' ' . ~ - §<92;11;-§- - e V §$ 92 M1g! *~ , aw! §§%

' Vii? 1

. _- ..;~'.-:~ ..V,

#39;1

1.; - 1 U w

V92,, ,..V _, _ K ,'.~ , V _,» ..,|_Vv$V." ' "; * ~V». , > , =V;'<:»~ V.1:3».-.~, ..- ..= -. . V1:.»- ,~- . » . 4' » _' V _ f_;,&#39" V _ , , H, _ - V'92:.~ ;::».§¢§?%&#3~ = »r~-.~ 1. .>x. X * g - _ 92- >1 V: »Q77 v{Vl.Vv¢92

I 0Git M I » V,/C. i- 1 _. JH V Ir-.r _ '_, _:__[. - V X - .,._92,,_ _ ' 4 .V ~ ' ,: ~ W,.. .~._~V¢ .V M

711' '... .,s_ .92=.,, .

j * ~ ¢ia¢$@ @> ;;@%it.,itnr A V1_V Aftercetaiaing'tt%hne¢at¬§nees,rayeaa@Eneeandsaldminumgaleygeinejgggt,thermateri.Eiler§Toensuresafedeliiery of theeaeea~te=aersaee ihf$hs@~they¥di

. not reach Eilers, Heine inicated'thereturn address on the,package as the address of Lilly Stein. _

g ',_. ,,-H

Upon conviction of violating the Registration Act,.Heine received a $5,000 fine and a two~year prison sentence.

FELIX JAHNKE ' ".92 5

, In 192M, Felix Jahnke left Germany for the V _United States, where he became a naturalized citizen in 1930.Jahnke had attended military school in Germany and had served in the German army as a radio operator. _ - *

¢.

i Jahnke and Axel Wheeler-Hill secured the services of

Josef Klein, a radio technician, in building a portable radio set for Jahnke'sapartment in the Bronx. Jahnke used this radio to transmit messages, which were intercepted by the FBI, to Germany.He also_visited_the docks inggw York harbor to obtain iaieemation about any vessels genie for England. V *

- After pleading guilty to violation of the Registration Act, Jahnke was sentenced to serve 20 months in prison and to pay a $1,000 fine. e ;, - V . A ;

GUSTAV WILHELNVKAERCHER , »

- Gustav Wilhelm Kaercher came to the United Stateswin _1923, becoming a citizen in 1931. He served in the German army during World War I and was a former leader of the German Band in NewYork. During visits to Germany,he wasseen to have worn a" German army officer's uniform. At the time of his arrest ghe was engaged in designingpowerplantsfor the American Gasané

- Electric Company in New York City.

Kaercher was arrested with Paul Scholtz,-who had Just handed Kaercher a table of call letters and frequencies for transmitting information to Germany by radio. V

Asa result of his guilty pleato charges of violating the Registration Act, Kaercher received a$2,000 fine and a'

iprison sentenceof 22 months; ~ e »,~»=~%§gg§§§e$:zpa@@

' JOSEFKLEIN V V_

A native of Germany, Josef Klein came to the 1 _

United States in 1925; he did not become a citizen. elein,-a »+ photographer and lithographer, had been interested in the building and operation of shortwave radio transmitters..



/,1

- v? 92 ,~ ;,are'a "' " 1-",/1,~¥ .._._ .i_*_______ _ _, _____ ah-' '; ' "- , {L 1 ,' M '~,~1a J; U,-L A»~~,Y Y --- V _W ,>._ -I _ ,__ -is ..~-......._..._ _ ., _ ______ _ . ...-_,-_» ;f_* ~: v;_,.§§92q;_T_-mt; .,::;__"_5_____ _V"~$»_&

ac _ 1' ~v.~ - .. .u ~ .92 . , . .- , 0 A Y, - __ n,_ e in -1 ' " V. 92V _ - . ~ . ._ .. -,, .' I ?u.:I" U ' M,N - /~. » ..A ,,, . .- w ;'.. N ~ 92 ~ *'~" Y - .. 'x w1"»~ '4 " 4 . v -. 1 § ~we ,92_~,,: p .92+-:'~ , , s'' "~ 1 w">u-u ,4,-,,.,

0 ' ' S 12-ler t ifS U U~ " 1 _-~,~w.- ' ~ _1 .v ».:é-¢,.',.'.k_92,~.V,~,§.3» _n 1,<.-q»,V hf _;&#3m,. H,1,; q.92»,.M W" , -.n , -,92,-»,4 J,- an - V . -_'1-_' ~, 4» ,3; ,- - - gm 1; - .7 I ,V i~'~i~{_,92 "r r* W; ["1-q§xi;r ~,<.a':r*-~ I r - 1 11. 4% =, ,, / &#39,~ - =1». , < 1.. ,, . <1 2»M W Y ~;.@~»J.» < 1" W33;-I :s%:»925i i- . , .:,- " 92» .4 '»..%'~ '»'~; ' '. . . ' ' 92 at >~ -Y ' .,;,,r=" " y , <, - 92 ' . 1' ' - » _.1,U 4 , i; ,~ - -' W; ,,W . ,-{N '5 f pa _ .92 I e V7 ~1|v?' - ."_}.92A= <,_;- I >1

be - fYf@aK%?i;¢@$§?@§§%9@f%¢b¥a$*aR@*5§¢i?e§iQ?n,F}?tee$mi§§§n%;aaeareaeieiag set for Feat; gahnne.an[ hie}: p ,5

U Uheeler?_ ikm Whnhe built he-radi§¢$§$t Klein; new it wouldgnf be used for transmitting messages to ermany. *i» i?n mm

'Upon conviction, Klein received a sentence of five 92 years! imprisonment on espionage.charges and a concurrent x sentence of two years imprisonment under the Registration Act.v ~ ..>~ . 1 92

1 "" ' +aAaIu1e'a1caAap xtezss ti ~ , ,Born in Germany, Hartwig Richard Kleiss came to this

country in*I925 and became a naturalized citizen six years later.Following his arrival in the United States, he was employed as a

cook on various ships. ~, it

Kleiss obtained information for Germany, including * blueprints of the SS America which showed the locations of newlyinstalled gun emplacements. he included information about how guns would be brought into position for firing. Kleiss a1so~ obtained details on the construction and Performance of new ~ A

gpgedggtsi6ein§*§eVel0pEdby the United States Navy, which he 3submitte3toSEBo1d*?§Ftransmitta1itp~ermany:S _'/ ' » .. > , .

;y§,n niyhleiss hadoriginally chosenso standtrial. However; after,eress¢examinatien, he ehangedhhis plea to guilty onroharge of espionage and received an eight~year~prison sentence. ~¢

-1 S f Htanau w.LAKG" »§Y,, - ~ I

92 - ;_ i Q

< Barman W. Lang came to the United States from Getmany in 1927 and became a citizen in 1939. he was one of four people Sebold had Been told to contact in the United States. <

Until his arrest, Lang had been employed by a companymanufacturing highly confidential materials essential to the national defense of the United States. During a visit to Germany in 1938, Lang conferred with German military authorities and reconstructed plansof the confidential materials from memory. &#39

Upon conviction, Lang received a_sentence of 18 years in prison on espionage charges and a 2-year concurrent sentence under the Registration Act.- ' -

- " ~ * it tvstyuctnrrouLEWIS * %5~?*§w#

- A native of Arkansas,Evelyn Clayton Lewis had been -living with Frederick Joubert Duquesne in New York City. Miss 4Lewis had expressed heraanti-British-and.anti-Semitic feelings



510k

_ - _ . , _ ~ , ~ _ ., ~ , , ~_._ , ,,, ,

92 . » ' J4 _ ._. _ . -. /'- ' I'~*4 .o "' -. ~ ~="*._ ' _;l=~:__/,_,-:l-1;A:'._.@&___A_i..;__..92;:921 ___ . - , _ . I if I i A» vi, 4

- - »r ,i@,V aw, j,, a ... ,v -i _ I ~ /V I » -@ ,7 i .o 1 =~_rV < :! .r l .~§*!, g r

92

4,+m

:1--1 ~ Y- "av" ~ ~ ~~ wvl y- W

i &

*- *92v&#3

92F

}, _ , 4 , .. I _ v .1I _ ,~,. , _ .2, F

,_ ' 3: I 4

.~92Ki

T_'§Y"'l iii ~~ ¢ l w m. gs .' "%¥Y c-

a§?ia@t¢@@§*i?i$3?$L@"@'¢@n@Q#§th%@.'%i1e'§§.?as&#3activeih~obtain;ng-ihfhrmationifo%Genmnny;shaghelpédguquesnepreparematerial for résmittal thread. 7'Lg_g f erg' if?

:1. . ,- . ,'Q,. .92 ~ , , , '>-. i

' Upon a guilty plea, MissLewiswassentencedto serveiione year and one day in prison for violation of the RegistrationAct.'

'~ ',RENE EMANUELMEZENEN L

Rene Emanuel Mezenen,a Frenchman, claimed"United States citizenship through the naturalization of his-father. Prior to his arrest he was employed asa stewardin thetransatlantic clipper service. "

The German Intelligence Service in Lisbon, Portugal,asked Mezenen to act asa courier, transmitting informationbetween the United States and Portugal on his regular tripsonthe clipper. He accepted this offer for financial gain, In thecourse of flights across the Atlantic, Mezenen also reported hisobservance of convoys sailing for England. He also became ainuclxed in smuggling platinum from the United States to ' P6¥§H§él; ~, p L1 '

'V Following a plea of guilty, Mezenen received an eight-

year prison term for espionage and two concurrent years forregistration violations. e

U ~ CARL REUPER -

~ _ Having come to the United States from Germany in 1929,Carl Reuper becamea citizen in 1936. Prior to his arrest heserved as aninspector for the Westinghouse Electric Company inNewark, New Jersey.

Reuper obtained photographs for Germany relating tonational defense materials and construction, which he obtainedfrom his_employment. He arranged radio contact with Germany ~

through the station established by Felix Jahnke. On oneoccasion, he conferred with Sebold regarding Sebold'sfacilitiesfor communicating with German authorities.

Upon conviction, Reuper was sentenced to 16 yearsimprisonment on espionage charges and 2 years concurrent sentencennderatheRegistrationAct. s»-» =*-~§g§;g§§§§g,¢a

- svznswr MINSTER no£n£n~ .¢a..

Born in the Bronx, New York, Roeder wasa draftsman anddesignerof confidential materials for the United States Army and

Navy.'

- -



. » . » ,2 ~ ~.~""'11'11 _,-.h__. ~ I ' _ . _ mp? > 5- _ .»1 " " ~ ~ .._._. A e _.._ 9"," ~ » ./ ~ 1 . . .. ' . we .- , . s ~<-~. ;-L__~.~_;:_ ,.__-__._,, _ _ _~ Ms.»--H . 1.- ' we ' ~~~. ._4*&#3 _ ,1; H 1 »~ ,5; , _, , . _ -"-- ,,,_ M...-....l__..-. ~.,,.,,_._.,. ,_, 0 V. ~ ,. _ Iv H,!92~'.I,,¥_1Lg,V! .>-1;} *7,' ~ , _92:._5,3,Q~ '4'' ~ , -1- > _ ' » ' ~11"~.*i:"-:' " .~ , _ _ . . _ . . , v--.. - p ~ .1,.1 . ; . 1,e , , 1

p . .- ' . ,'.J»_v'_._+-* ». . .r 'I _ _ 192 1. x _ .~ ' 1 _ _ 1 ,

#39; _ I L _>~: ;,, .

' 1 L.~&#3~ 1 1»~;n,1 c. as-some " i 531

92 y g

"92.1: ,- N! / an g u - > -1; > ».v . _ 1 _ , v ,,v , ,..m,V,._ 1 1,

3 , _ , y,, ,4 ;:92§ -..> . I ».: , V . . . '192 - ._,,!_,,_1; ,. . . _ : i- . .. . ~ .. . .1.-,,_.i,»1- _ 1 ,_ 1 W. <,,g.b,_.;._., _ 1, J: _v: ,1 »,~,H.

f» G$eho1@,had ddliveredimierohdtcgrhph ihiégetichs tohe =Roeder,-ascrdcredsby Germanauthorities. _Rhed%fg§§dYSebold met} .in public places and~poceeded to spots where theytdould talk Q

privately.* 9 it V,

In 1936, Roeder had visited Germanyand was requested,by Germanauthorities to act as an espionage agent. Primarily 9 dueto monetaryrewardshe wouldreceive, Roederagreed. r

Roederentered a guilty plea to the charge of espionage and was sentenced to 16 years in prison. p v G

PAULALFREDH. SCUOLZ ~

A Germannative, Paul Scholz cameto the United States in 1926 but never attained citizenship. He had been employed in German book stores in New York City, where he disseminated Nazi propaganda.' 9

. Schola had arranged for Josef Klein to construct the radio set used by Felix Jahnke and Axel Hheelcr-Hill. At the time of his arrest, $chcia~had just given Gustay Hilhelm Kaerchgj a list of radio call letters and frequencies. He also encouraged - membersof this spy ring to secure data for Germanyand arranged contacts between various German asents.i 1

Upon conviction, Scholz was sentenced to 16 years'imprisonment for espionage with 2 years concurrent sentence under the Registration Act. s' . " 1

é= 1 GEORGEGOTTLOBSCHUH

' George Schuh,a native of Germany, came to the ,W United States in 1923. He became a citizen in 1939 and wasemployed as a carpenter.

As a German agent, he sent information directly to the Gestapo in Hamburg, Germany, from this country._ Schuh had

provided Alfred Brokhoff information that Winston Churchill had»arrived in the United States on the HMSGeorge V. He also.furnished information to Germanyconcerning the movement_of ships carrying materials and supplies to Britain. ~ *

k iH&%§§¬¬'avin8?51eaded Guilty to.1.1.=...<¢f¢iié%§ZEiAct, Schuh received a sentence of 18 months in prison and a

» /v. .'._ __ _ . '<>_-"_-:1. I

- 11-9



, ._,. ,, .,~ , ,_~~ , - < - -, _ .., ' ' - w ' ~ ' 11- _ Ia 0 .v 0.I ., , . ~ . . I _ 1 Vi» , .,,' **¢ -4-* * ' a-nu-in-are a~,;..; __+»__a.a- :_ **~ "~ ~ . a ~~- ~~-_ H . _ e.,_ : V Qv ., ',~=

" ~ ' , x1 r 92 »:0 " " ' Y-'#"'vm .w* 2 m v a~ ~¢= ~as e*@%m¢w »ev>Ww.., _492 92 > V _p-,,_ ii

I= '<>,~~ , '1, ' MY ».-yr 1, , i MUL, ._. .iV. M.. < .9 V X" P

... ' W

', K I r m F * K2»:~. , , e 1 4- 4

_ h.,92 ,, l " ya x» 1,l as ~¢¢< *~ » ,0», %

- ,',1 ,'921-l /,'r' - i v ' 8*~18-' 7 . .i V v .1, r , 92»,. ._ra.m»= '/ i > - " ,1 .";~'->9,'~.'» ' " ' ,- ~I,» ~61,4 F =2: »it ,,- ~is U? >. 4 3, h,gj§P%;u r .<92. i 0 ~ on

,-n" ',' r~9292.r Mr t 1,7; _,_92 . _ ' .11/V ; _ I3%» ;=,v J 1L R i ' i »H "" ' . 92 -

tier uni e;ed3iif*§t,aié$¥from ereanvin1929¢and attained eititenship in j936.ole nae served»as*chief QQJbutcher on the SS Emerita until it was taken over by the InUnited States Navy. *~ 0 A

g - f Acourier, Siegler brought microphotographic 'instructions to $ebold from German authorities on one occasion.He also had brought $2,900 from German contacts abroad to pay rLilly Stein, Duquesne and Roeder for their services and to buy a pomb sight. He served the espionage group as an organizer_andcontact man, and he also obtained information about the movementof ships and.mi1itary defense preparations at the Panama Canal.

Subsequent to his conviction, Siegler was sentenced to10 years imprisonment on espionage charges and a concurrent2-year term for violation of the Registration Act.

»OSCAR RICHARD STABLER

l e<;§ Born in Germany; OscarStabier came to this country in1923 and beeamere oitizenihJ1933a e had been employedprimarily as abarherganoarditransoceanic ships.

at B 0 In Decemhen@r1§$B,gyatish authoritiesin Bermudafounda map of Gibnalter in his possession. aelwas detained for a .

short period hetero being released ] .' . 1 » .

- »p Aclose associate of Conradin Qtto Dold, Stabler servedas a gourier, transmitting information between Germanagents inthe United States and contacts ebroadb

eStab1er was convicted and sentenced to serve fiveayearsin prison for espionage and a two-year concurrent term under theRegistration Act.

HEINRICH STADE .

. - 0

_Heinrich Stade came to the United States from Germanyin 1922 and became a citizenin 1929. Stade had arranged.forPaul Bante's contact with Sebold and had transmitted data to

Germany regarding points of rendezvous for convoys carrying supplies to England. a , ~: a~ ,,%§§§§§%§@#,n;

Following a guilty plea to violation of theRegistration Act, Stade was fined $1,000 and received a 15-monthprison sentence. . _

- 12 -



~#39;n

'

.. _ .. .. -~. ~ -1' " K11 f. ,"'.." r '7"?v F ,7""' -. "~/tr' . *' » »F~e.§§¢ , if3 ._,,,a{ _ y -s ~inst rVv p ~»ne -r,= _ ,. ¢r tmi

''3-_*-j'"'--"'-"--~-~..f - - ,_ - - ~ ,»~v- --'¢-~'-e---¢..¢<>..-e--&:...,....~..'....'92...5.,..,...1 _'. , Q1 ~,92,< _ ' , _ > . ~ < .,,~V 44 - ~ ,;;.__ >_ H . V yr

1 . S ~-J.P.-M 1*. .' '¢iA

!

Ida;a§ta9e§, A pf},_ M .?,.' 4" IF I l aw-~. < V_ .9 < K"?E-K . .-. . " ' - L .. 1 '4&

1'--' - . Y »., . A ,- 1" - . ' '-_ ., i do: .; ~ ~

.i]gi" ér ?fi1npri§i§%nii$cA§etisTs1n;i*3._¢.--;i.,c¢ _ til» Bornin vienna,'Aus%ri%,Lilly Stein. metHugo_Sebo1d;the espionage instructor uheVhadtrained William Sebold the twomentwerenot related! in Hamburg,Germany. She enrolled in this.school and was sent to the United States in 1939.

-'4 Lilly Stein was one of the people to whomSebold hadbeen instructed to deliver microphotographinstructions uponhisarrival in this country. v$hefrequently met with Seboldto givehim information tor transmittal to Germany,and her address wasusedas a return addressby other agents in mailing data forGermany. an

_ Miss Stein pleaded guilty and received sentences of 10years and2 concurrent years imprisonment for violations ofespionage and registration statutes, respectively. _

FRANZ JOSEPH STIGLER .

in 1931,Eran: Stigler left Germanyfor the

United States, where he became_a.citizen in 1939. He had beenemployedas a crewmemberaboardUnited States ships until hisdischargefrom the SSAmericawhenthe United States Navyconverted that ship into the U85 West Point.v

His constant companionwas Erwin Siegler, and theyoperated as couriers in transmitting information between theUnited States and Germanagents abroad. Stigler sought torecruit amateur radio operators in the United States as channelsof communicationto Germanradio stations. He had also observedand reporteddefense preparations in the Canal Zone and had metwith other Germanagentsto advisethemin their espionageTpursuits.

Uponconviction, Stigler was-sentenced to serve 16years in prison on espionagechargeswith 2 concurrentyears forregistration violations.

ERICH STRUNCK- -

' A seamanaboard ships of the United States Lines sincehis arrival in this country, Erich Strunckcameto the ,- V .

"iUnited States Tromiermany1nW927."~He'becamea@maturali2ed&#39citizen in 1935." ~- - s ' '

. As a courier, Strunck carried messagesbetweenGermanagentsin the United States and Europe. Herequestedauthorityto steal the diplomaticbagof a British officer traveling aboard

.;. ,.w. 1%



9;~

yvp - .w,v 1 - W ~ 1 if gt1%; ».=»a.~¬»~ rgw

_ V . .1/.{ ii . , : V v , .¢ __ ,, I ~ r, *.,, ' »-vi?92 ..~.'> '~ . 1»*;;..,.., an v. .. » ""1-a= w >~

~ - = 1,i 1.; ; »,V,:, . -,-2,,»1 _ 1 _ . ~e».n;>,- a »~p p , A, .

1.c..t5,aea§j"-at .. §. .;*>a" . », ,4,» i - ~ -HT A . 1' _.,_,v /,~,._-1;.92yai ,1 1»i -~w .» »¢ e » awta »I ' Hlq ._ _ -' II U,7Q A V _,,%'h~.V * '1_¢z , ',~»*. , 41' ajw , ,.

£1~v ~".~"~s 1 w

ane;ae§taneettse teat. weyears in .. I ' I

_ c , Struneh was ccvicted

two-year concurrent termfhnder the Regist%tieA»L; . LEO waALEn'i- a my e

Haalenwasborn in Danzigwhile that city wasunder,German domination.HeenteredtheUnitedStatesby"jumping ship"about1935.Hewas a painter~forga smallboatcompany whichwasconstructingsmallcraft for theUnitedStatesNavy.

, Waalengatheredinformationabout ships sailing for England.Healsoobtaineda confidential booklet issued by the FBIwhichcontainedprecautions tc betaken by industrial plants to safeguardnational defensematerials fromsabotage. Waalen

also securedGcvernment contracts listing specifications for in materials andequipment,aswell asdetailed seacharts of_the' United States Atlantic coastline.

Following his conviction, Uaalenwassentenced to 12 years in prison icr espionagegnda concurrent 2-year term for vieelaticn thazjtegiatraucn act. 1

.P

-_ anoir nanny aucusr wiisstasnsxi '

Ajermannative, Nalischewski hadbeena seaman since 1maturity. Hebecamea naturalized citizen in 1935.'

Walischeuski became connected"with theGerman espipnage _system throughPaul Fehse.Hisdutieswereconfined t§n§gase~cfj courier,carryingdatafromagentsin theUnitedstatescan V2 contacts abroad.' 1?

Uponconviction, Walischewski receiveda five~year e prison sentence on espionagecharges,as well asa two-year concurrent sentence under the Registration Act.

ELSE WEUSTENFELD "

Else Weustenfeldarrived in the United States from

Germany in 1927andbecame a citizen 10yearslater. From1935 ,. until herarrest,'she was a secretary for alaw firmrepresenting "theGerman Consulate in NewYorkCity. Y ; p~ ~

=~inpniscngen,espianage charges..£efalsa naesentcaed teserne a

.~-T

g,

U : 3>¢~ &#31., V wet,

in?

§_ Vv ,V a y xv. g 3» _ -er 3% i,1,.~ _-9,,, _ _ iv , ~,_ ;;4.V Mg .7 - ~ _ __ i/* , ,.;.;...L_.i,~; _ = V __ &#3< ,. ~ ~ _ U: ' ; -....,......,_..._.._.....-..-....;_,,.»92 ~___ _,__/ a Y,-a. ,.., .A~, . .. § ,,, ,,, . ~ .1.11.»,1 < .i -.3 , .1.-~,_- ,..H fv ., I I V. J ,, , _ . J},' rrlVa .

~&#39

,,-Ht

he-u

Q



w~»~~; ~ sw ~~ namr . ; ~: + ~

V V, V jV. V y VV JV W" VVV VVVV. Vn Y~w V V~V ail,, VVl_;;rV'~J.I ;92r V g VV'vV>"r¬92Y""a§1,"|v"§92V.V = V192 ~- * 8 V ' 'V-:V e1VV1V-VV:-§,VVV*I V GV 4 V»Q, ,VV V

14l_J,~,92L. r _ V . RV~~'»n .V =4J7-~ V»VV -Va V 9292_>_ W ,,V Y V V VVV VVV i- VVwVVV~V

%*~ V¢w§V V@VV%' iinw»~en» ~@s@V VV@:i " ~ »¢ee>~sa-< V

V ;tV*g@anV J ~V ¢m&;'Vnm,;I °§*i:=V: V"'k"*7§>"I " V V V,V;V.'fV-11"7Q0 V 4* , >"~% VV* "V'1,;VV - ~~ _~V ~.VP.3-VV VV~VVV'=~is.V

~ < ~ V?V V V ' ' I V W l":..VV VV X:V~ _8""VVV P»_l /Vjf,V V V ' Vii :V ' f..V?,V'V. V,V.'..' V =1v/ ' VV ;;, "L VV "1P.» I n-";1-.-V;»JV."2 .V.1 Iu#39;~V-VA .' V.w~VV?Q» '-'V.':' V'.V'~. 1-1: V ';V1-Vt V _V=*~'VFr-=:=*'»"V::""~:V V V; yV ,_ ,V V.V_ VV , Hy~ V Q __§»4{f{:{?;vV*¢ _ Vi _,_,V:QV VV~V;VVvV~*VV;VVi"'V6 WV"; ;-IV rVV'' " sf VV- "V.,V; .V -V;VV11~V ' *"*"*""""'V."9 4,4'. _ _..,Q V1;/,5VVV, V. ,_'$;,,~;V. A V7V_V.=2V V.VTVVVVV ~V, '",l-_'f?:Vf,f~g ._ yak; -I.#39;-»V VVV.V.= VV WW:V~ .VV " ,V 2- , * 4'V 'V~- VV= VVV9;92V .0 V 0- ,m¢,,V¢V~VV', 192 V ,1 ; ~VVVV::f'?Vr'¬,V~ - V1;. v- V _V - .VV .V V-/R"V VV_ _.V1»V ' * -,,V " V:§V.§;$?VV'W .V V V V.V V VV iV .»en V V V». . V 92 V -~'V- s -V VV V V. J~VVV VV<1 V~V- VV V V VVVWV,lVI92VrY1V _ _47:AWJ,V yV FM IV V D o H 5.¬V' :pM",_"v3. W

. ~r_; ¢t" Q"2 >4.w

V 1 V: -n '§'y ". < ,_ , ,. t H IV it V .V VVV, VV W.» . V_ ~ V V »i,5:,VVV,5,». V V;V V.VV VsV Vas

Ri<%V*5eiVwas awed #HeVVnaa>ven;iase§V?*ne§e e GefiianV agent.Iniwesa,naeeesarelavisitedHansnstterfennhexiee,where#39; he_wassefvingwasa paymasterfor the GeraanVInte11igenoeV 39;?V Service. V "l. - "

> V

Afterpleadingguilty,ElseHeustenfeld-wassentencto five years! imprisonmentVonchargeof espionageVandtwoconcurrentyears onchargeof registrationviolations._ .

AXELWHEELER-HILL- V

JV AxelWheeler-HillcametotheUnitedStatesin 1923fromhis native land of Russia. Vhewasnaturalized as a citizenin 1929 and was employedasa truck driver. V

Wheelerkhillobtainedinformationfor Germanyregarding2ships sailing to Britain from NewYork harbor. with Felix'Jahnke,he enlistedthe aid of Paul Sohalzin buildinga radio ,set for sending codedmessagesto Germany.

"~ aa11essng»ees»seesas,Hheeler~Hill-V85eefécedto V serve 15 years i%e§fiS©Bfor espionageand2 concurrentyears »underthe Registration Act. V

x V.

'asarnnn HOLFGANGzaszzucea _ " . V V»

V Bornin Germany,ZenzingereameVtothe United States in19HOasaVnaturalizedcitizenof theUnion of SouthAfrgca. Hisreportedreasonfor comingto this countrywastostud$fmechanicaldentistry in LosAngeles,California. F%_*-

In July1900,Zenzingerreceiveda pencilfor preparinginvisible messagesfor Germanyin the mail fromSiegler. Hesentseveral letters to Germanythrough a mail drop in Swedenoutlining details of national defense materials.

Zenzingerwasarrestedby FBIAgentsonApril T6, 19H1.Pleading guilty, he received18 monthsin prison for violation of

the RegistrationAct and8 yearsimprisonmentfor espionage.'

e " " ~ V VV

-»eea>*

-V-.4 __ _ ._2.3; J ff: 1' J ~_-'3.92> __ _ !

Q