frank lloyd wright and west minister palace

8/6/2019 Frank Lloyd Wright and West Minister Palace

1/29

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

Submitted by: Kabilan S, Sandeep A, Sumati M


2/29

The beginning

Frank Lloyd Wright was born inRichland Center, Wisconsin, on June8, 1867

Died in Phoenix, Arizona, on April 9,

1959, at the age of 91.

He designed truly magnificent homes,workplaces, cathedrals, and furniture.

Frank Lloyd Wright focused onorganic design with the use of naturallight and natural materials such aswood, stone, and clay.


3/29

Prairie Style

His work with space and constructionpossibilities in these houses had an effecton the design of his subsequent buildings.

The typical characteristics of these free-standing houses were a broad,

overhanging roof and horizontal windowbands.

A free plan was developed around acentral chimney.

The building had low proportions (not veryhigh), which was related to the ground.

It had a gently sloping roof

Robie House Chicago, I llinois (1909)


4/29

Robie House Chicago

Ground Floor Plan

First Floor Plan

Second Floor Plan

Conceptual Section


5/29

Prairie Style

The introduction of all these exterior featureshelped to form a new language inarchitecture.

The first step was the development ofthe plan of the house which had a

plenty of open spaces separated fromone another by simple architecturaldevices instead of partitions, walls ordoors. This was called the open plan.

The integration of building with nature

was another innovation.

This helped Frank Lloyd Wright todevelop the concept of organicarchitecture.


6/29

Organic Architecture

Mr. Wright's "organic architecture" was a radical departure from the traditionalarchitecture of his day, which was dominated by European styles. This school of

thought holds that architecture should reflect nature and exhibit the same amount

of unity as prevails in nature. F. L. Wright and Louis Sullivan were the pioneers of

organic architecture.

Wright defined organic architecture as that in which all the parts are related to the

whole and the whole is related to the parts.

Wright's design philosophy is so

widely thought of as organic

because he believed that

architecture should combineinnovative ways of interpreting

structure with the use of

elements from nature.

Florida Southern College


7/29

Floor Plan


8/29

Organic Architecture

To explain the concept of unity innature, the architect used a living

organism as an example:

Harmony of the part in relation to

the whole.

The parts are made according tothe function of the organism.

The form of the organism

decides the character of the

organism.

Applying these concepts , his

building designs emphasize thefollowing principles:

Integration of parts to the whole.

Design of parts controls the

design of the whole.

Fallingwater (Mill Run, Pennsylvania, 1937)


9/29

Fallingwater

The Site Ground Floor

First Floor Plan

Section


10/29

Basic Principles of Wright Designs

Organic Colors

Simple Geometric Shapes

Integration of Building withNatural Surroundings

Strong Horizontal Lines

Hidden Entries

Frank Lloyd Wright Home and StudioOak Park, I llinois (1889)

The exploratory effects of sunlight is anespecially intriguing quality found insome of Frank Lloyd Wright'sarchitecture.

Many of Frank Lloyd Wright's designsemphasized one material such aswood or concrete block over the restof the materials used.


11/29

COOLNEY HOUSE

Built in 1908 at Illinois riverside, theCoonley residence provides the first

example in Wright's work of the zoned

plan.

Living quarters are raised, in typical

Prairie fashion, and a pavilion linksvarious spaces.

Inlaid tiles form a geometrical pattern

in the frieze on the plaster-surfaced,

wood-trimmed house.

The lower exterior is stucco rising to a

ceramic tile banding with a

geometric pattern.

The gardens contain terraces, shallow

planters and a large reflecting pool.


12/29

COOLNEY HOUSE

Building Plans


13/29

Imperial Hotel

Built from 1915-1923, would be thebest-known of Frank Lloyd Wright's

buildings in Japan.

It was designed roughly in the shape

of its own logo, with the guest room

wings forming the letter "H", while the

public rooms were in a smaller buttaller central wing shaped like the

letter "I" that cut through the middle of

the "H".

The Frank Lloyd Wright version was

designed in the "Maya Revival Style" of

architecture. It incorporates a tall,pyramid-like structure, and also loosely

copies Maya motifs in its decorations.

The main building materials are

poured concrete, concrete block,

and carved oya stone.


14/29

References

http://www.greatbuildings.com/architects/Frank_Lloyd_Wright.html

http://www.franklloydwright.org/fllwf_web_091104/H

ome.html

http://designmuseum.org/design/frank-lloyd-wright

http://www.pbs.org/flw/


15/29

WESTMINISTER PALACE,

HOUSE OF PARLIAMENT

Submitted by: Kabilan S, Sandeep A, Sumati M


16/29

ARCHITECTURE OF THE PALACE

One of the most recognisedbuildings in the world, the Palace ofWestminster owes its stunning Gothicarchitecture to the 19th-centuryarchitect Sir Charles Barry. NowGrade I listed, and part of an

UNESCO World Heritage Site, thePalace contains a fascinatingmixture of both ancient and modernbuildings, and houses an iconiccollection of furnishings, archivesand works of art.

The Palace of Westminster, more

commonly known as the Houses ofParliament, looks very different fromthe medieval palace which oncestood here.


17/29

OLD PALACE

The Palace of Westminster as a whole beganto see significant alterations from the 18th

century onwards, as Parliament struggled tocarry out its business in the limited availablespace and ageing buildings.

Calls for an entirely new palace wentunheeded as instead more buildings were

added. A new west faade facing onto St.

Margaret's Street was built in the Palladianstyle between 1755 and 1770, providing morespace for document storage and committeerooms.

A new official residence for the Speaker of

the House of Commons was built adjoining St.Stephen's Chapel and completed in 1795.

The neo-Gothic architect James Wyatt alsocarried out works on both the House of Lordsand Commons between 1799 and 1801.

River Thames


18/29

OLD PALACE

The palace complex was substantiallyremodelled once again, this time by SirJohn Soane, between 1824 and 1827.The mediaeval House of Lords chamber,which had been the target of thefailed Gunpowder Plot of 1605, wasdemolished as part of this work in order

to create a new Royal Gallery andceremonial entrance at the southern

end of the palace.

First built in 1050, the palace gotdestroyed by a fire in 1834. The new

Palace was constructed during 1840 and1860 in Gothic style of architecture.

Westminster Palace, or Houses of Parliament


19/29

NEW PALACE

Designed by Sir Charles Barry, The New Palace ofWestminster is both the largest and, externally andinternally, the most sumptuously decorated buildingthat has been erected in England since theReformation.

The construction of so magnificent a buildingexercised a profound influence on English arts and

crafts, special schools of design being formed to dealwith the various features of decoration-mural painting,mosaics, stone and wood carving, tile work, stainedglass, metalwork, etc.

The palace is in the Early Tudor style of architecture.

It covers an area of eight acres, and the river frontage

(which has a terrace 700 feet long) is 940 feet inlength; the width, at the South Front (abutting, on theVictoria Tower Garden) is 284 feet.


20/29

NEW PALACE

St. Stephens PorchWestminster Hall

House of

Commons

House of

Lords

The Royal

Porch

Victoria

tower

River Thames


21/29

NEW PALACE

There are 500 apartments large and small, andeleven internal courts or quadrangles.

The Victoria Tower, at the south-west angle, is 75

feet square and 336 feet high at the top of the

pinnacles.

The Union Jack is flown on this tower when

Parliament is sitting.

The Central Tower, which serves as a great

ventilating shaft, is 300 feet in height. The Clock

Tower (it stands on the site of a clock and bell

tower erected by Edward I) is 356 feet in height

at the tip of the sceptre.

The dials of the clock are 22.5 feet in diameter,

with figures a foot long; whilst the minute hands

are 14 feet long, and the hour hands 9 feet.


22/29

Victoria Tower

The principal entrances are at the : Victoria Tower, located in the south-west

corner of the Palace. This consists of theRoyal Staircase, the Norman Porch, theRobing Room, the Royal Gallery and thePrince's Chamber, and culminates in theLords Chamber, where the ceremony

takes place


23/29

St. Stephen's Porch

St. Stephen's Porch, roughly in the middle ofthe building's western front, is the entrancefor members of the public. From there,visitors walk through a series of hallwaysand flights of stairs which bring them to thelevel of the principal floor and to theoctagonal Central Lobby, the hub of thePalace. This hall is flanked by symmetricalcorridors decorated with fresco paintings,which lead to the ante-rooms anddebating chambers of the two Houses: theMembers' Lobby and Commons Chamberto the north, and the Peers' Lobby andLords Chamber to the south ; and the Peers'Entrance, in Old Palace Yard (the yard is socalled because it was originally the

courtyard of the Confessor's palace).


24/29

Westminster Hall

Westminster Hall is the oldest building in Parliamentand almost the only part of the ancient Palace ofWestminster which survives in almost its original form.

Part of the Palace of Westminster with WesminsterHall in the foreground

Built to impress

The Hall was built in 1097 under William II (Rufus), theson of William the Conqueror, and was completedtwo years later. He had conceived the project toimpress his new subjects with his power and the

majesty of his authority.

Largest in Europe

But the Hall was indeed by far the largest hall inEngland, and probably in Europe at that time.

Measuring 73 by 20 metres (240 by 67 feet), it had afloor area covering 1,547 square metres (about17,000 square feet), with a length of almost fourcricket pitches end-to-end.

Westminster Hall in the early 19th century


25/29

Westminster Hall

George IV's coronation banquet was held in Westminster Hall in 1821; it was the last such

banquet held.

The Hall's early featuresThe great mystery about theHall is the form of its originalroof. Not until the 13th or 14thcentury could carpenterscreate roofs significantlywider than the length of theavailable timber, and so itwas assumed that a single or

double row of columns wasneeded to support the Hall'sroof.

Stone walls

The Hall was enclosed withstone walls fully two metres, orsix feet thick; these largelyremain today, thoughheightened and refaced.


26/29

Norman Porch

The grandest entrance to the Palace ofWestminster is the Sovereign's Entrancebeneath the Victoria Tower.

It was designed for the use of the monarch,who travels from Buckingham Palace bycarriage every year for the State Opening ofParliament.

From there, the Royal Staircase leads up to theprincipal floor with a broad, unbroken flight of26 steps made of grey granite.

The staircase is followed by the Norman Porch,a square landing distinguished by itscentral clustered column and the intricateceiling it supports, which is made up of

four groin vaults with lierne ribsand carvedbosses. The Porch was named for its proposeddecorative scheme, based on Norman history.


27/29

Lords Chamber

the Chamber of the House of Lords is locatedin the southern part of the Palace of

Westminster.

The lavishly decorated room measures 13.7 by

24.4 metres (45 by 80 ft).

The benches in the Chamber, as well as other

furnishings in the Lords' side of the Palace, arecoloured red.

The upper part of the Chamber is decorated

by stained glass windows and by six allegorical

frescoes representing religion, chivalry and law


28/29

Peers' Lobby

Directly north of the Lords Chamber lies thePeers' Lobby, an antechamber where Lords caninformally discuss or negotiate matters duringsittings of the House, as well as collect messagesfrom the doorkeepers, who control access to theChamber.

The Lobby is a square room measuring

11.9 metres (39 ft) on each side and 10 metres(33 ft) in height, and one of its main features isthe floor centrepiece, a radiant Tudor rosemade of Derbyshire marbles and set within anoctagon of engraved brass plates.

The rest of the floor is paved with encaustic tilesfeaturing heraldic designs and Latin mottoes.The walls are faced with white stone and each ispierced by a doorway; above the arches aredisplayed arms representing the six royaldynasties which ruled England until QueenVictoria's reign


29/29

References

http://www.corbisimages.com/Enlargement/AW020023.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palace_of_Westminster

http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Westminster_Palace.html

http://goeurope.about.com/cs/londo1/p/westminster_pal.htm

http://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/building/palace/westminsterhall/

frank lloyd wright and west minister palace

Documents