francisco marmolejo 7/24/2018 [email protected] economic integration will lead to...

Francisco [email protected]@fmarmole

7/24/2018

1https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/tertiaryeducation

Francisco MarmolejoTertiary Education CoordinatorThe World [email protected]

@fmarmole


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@fmarmole Email: [email protected]


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Source: International Monetary Fund.


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59531

45032

8902

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

GDP per capita

USA Canada Mexico

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6

High Income Countries

South Asia

North Africa and Middle East

East and Pacific Asia

Sub‐Saharan Africa

Latin America and the Caribbean

Source: Luis F. Lopez-Calva y N. Lusing0: Equity of Total Income1: Inequity of Total Income


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Nearly 20 percent of America’s children–and 13 percent of all Americans–live in poverty.

The Brookings Institution.


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A net gain, but…


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Geographical proximity will result in geo‐

economic‐politic al integration

The increased integrated regional

economy will require the support

of a “North American” pool of

talent

Economic integration will

lead to harmonization of

institutional frameworks

Tertiary education will become increasingly harmonized

Can you tell me about my future?

Hmmm…I would, but I can’t

read Spanish!


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…and its internationalization



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Based on comparable estimates of 545 observations, 131 economies, 1970‐2011 In Latest year available: average rate of return is 9.9%

0.0

5.1

.15

.2D

ensi

ty

0 5 10 15 20Rate of return

Source: Montenegro, C.E. & H.A. Patrinos (2013). Returns to Schooling around the World. The World Bank

Region Primary Secondary Tertiary GDP/pc(PPP 2005)

N

World 10.3 6.9 16.8 6,719 74Middle East and North Africa 9.4 3.5 8.9 3,645 7

South Asia 9.6 6.3 18.4 2,626 4Eastern and Central Europe 8.3 4.0 10.1 6,630 7

High Income Economies 4.8 5.3 11.0 31,748 6

East Asia and Pacific 11.0 6.3 15.4 5,980 6Latin America and Caribbean 9.3 6.6 17.6 7,269 20

Sub-Saharan Africa 13.4 10.8 21.9 2,531 24

* Latest available year between 2000-2011Source: Montenegro, C.E. & H.A. Patrinos (2013). Returns to Schooling around the World. The World Bank


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Source: Montenegro, C.E. & H.A. Patrinos (2013). Returns to Schooling around the World. The World Bank


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Tertiary Education

Primary Education


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Made in The Netherlands

With ingredientsfromMorocco.

Distributed by a Chinesecompany

For sale in Delhi.



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15.4%

38.5%

38.5%

38.5%

38.5%

46.2%

53.8%

53.8%

61.5%

69.2%

69.2%

69.2%

76.9%

0.0% 20.0% 40.0% 60.0% 80.0%

Diversification in institutional mission of TEIs

Greater focus on TEIs versus governments

Fostering internationalization

Non‐university post‐secondary sector

Articulation btw different types of TEIs and with…

Innovation in educational delivery models used by TEIs

Developing capacity of TEIs in science and innovation

Equity and access to TE

Role of the private sector in TE

Improving governance

Improving quality assurance

Funding models for TE

Bridging gap between education and employment

* Multiple responses



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More than ever more people are having access to education …

More than ever more people are having access to higher education …

0

50

100

150

200

250

Global enrollment in tertiary education (Millions of students)


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0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

WorldHigh income countriesUpper middle income countriesLower middle income countriesLow income countries

Source: UIS database

Projections of the number of 25‐34 year‐olds with tertiary education, 2005‐2030

Note: Figures are estimates based on available data. Population estimates are based on OECD’s annual population projectionsSource: OECD, UNESCO, and National Statistics websites for Argentina, China, India, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia and South Africa


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14%

8 %


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RichestTotalPoorest


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10 %

1910

50 %

2007

75 %

2050

WORLD POPULATION LIVING IN CITIES


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Source: World Bank. World Development Report. 2015

Decreasing >5 %

Increasing > 40 %


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Ostana, Italy in theWashington Post

February 1, 2016https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2016/02/01/for-the-first-time-in-28-years-a-baby-has-been-born-in-this-italian-town/

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

Millions of inhabitants

USA Canada Mexico


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0

10

20

30

40

50

60

USA Canada Mexico


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Large or small country?: The case of Nunavut

Total Area: 2,038,722 km2 (787,155 sq mi)

Total Population: 31,906 inhabitants

Net Migration (in millions of people). 1960‐2010

Source: World Bank (2012). World Databank: Net Migration


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The demographic structure from a regional point of view

Canada

Millions of inhabitants

Age

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

0-4

10-14

20-24

30-34

40-44

50-54

60-64

70-74

80-84

90-94

Sourcee: Jaime Parada, CONACYT

Mexico

USA

Source: Statista. 2018


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Remembering

+ Integrity+ Reliability+ Flexibility+ Empathy+ Creativity+ Awareness of contemporary issues


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Source: The Institute for the Future. British Council (2017). 10 trends Transformative changes in higher education


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Due to the curriculum

Despite the curriculum

Independently of the curriculum


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1784-1840 1870-1920 1969-2000 TODAY


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The Da Vinci Surgical Robot at Amrita Hospital has completed over 780 surgeries in multiple specialties in just 2 years


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TD

Virtual / Augmented Mixed reality

Digital literacy

Artificial Intelligence

Gaming

Unbundling

Adaptive learning


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In the 21st century, we’re facing a massive change in the technologies and types of jobs available…We can’t be

certain that both productivity and employment will rise.

We, as a society, need to make the commitment to guide our technologies responsibly and to capitalize on the

prosperity we are creating, just as those who came before us did. That way we will ensure that AI technology creates

opportunity for all, not just for a lucky few

Stephane Kasriel

@fmarmole Email: @[email protected]


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Our societies as social laboratories for a better future

Education with a new paradigm is the key for economic and social development

Many similarities and enriching differences

Important economic and cultural synergies

Unknown partners


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…But national level changes are not sufficient…

… Higher Education Institutions need to embrace the change themselves.



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Continuing doing the same, but waiting different results



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Graduates required in today’s world

Technical Skills



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More international, but more locally connected and

socially responsible.

More flexible

More innovative

More entrepreneur

Less risk averse

More collaborative (inside and outside)



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Ask Listen

Don't be too aggressive

• Co‐develop

• Be humble

Identify and utilize support organizations


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There is no better or worst.. It is just

different

There is always someone else with a similar interest

A priority for “tomorrow”

Marginal

Too many complications

Others’ opportunity

Just a good idea

Priority for “yesterday”

Central

Highly practical

Engagement at home

A window of opportunity


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“It is not the strongest of the species that survive, nor the most intelligent, but the one most responsive to change.”

“ The trouble with our times is that the future is not what it used to be ”

Paul Valéry


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Francisco MarmolejoGlobal Lead of Tertiary Education and Lead Education Specialist, India

The World BankTel. +91‐11‐41479384

Email: [email protected]://www.worldbank.org/education/tertiary

@fmarmole

francisco marmolejo 7/24/2018 [email protected] economic integration will lead to...

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