france’s anti-corruption strategy in its cooperation

Strategy Report

France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action (2021-2030)

This strategy was jointly drafted by the:• Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (MEAE);• Ministry of the Economy, Finance and the Recovery (MEFR);• Ministry of Justice (MINJUST);• Ministry of the Interior (MININT);• French Anti-Corruption Authority (AFA);• Cour des Comptes;• High Authority for Transparency in Public Life (HATVP);• Agence Française de Développement Group (AFD and Expertise France);• Canal France International (CFI);• General Secretariat for European Affairs (SGAE).

This document is available online on the France Diplomatie website: www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en

All rights of adaptation, translation and reproduction by all means, including photocopies and microfilm, are reserved for all countries.

3Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs - DGM

Strategy report

France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030


Table of contents

Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Chapter 1 Issues, background, scope and implementation .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1.1 Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1.2 Background .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1.3 Scope .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

1.4 Strategy implementation, monitoring and evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Chapter 2 Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

2.1 Action thrust 1: Reinforcing the French approach to combating corruption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

• Specific objective 1: Reinforcing the effectiveness of French cooperation concerning anti-corruption . . . . . . .13

• Specific objective 2: Specific objective 2: Limiting the risk that the work of French .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

2.2 Action thrust 2: Promoting anti-corruption and better governance in international cooperation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

• Specific objective 3: Promoting transparency and accountability in the public sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

• Specific objective 4: Reinforcing France’s cooperation in priority areas to combat corruption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

• Specific objective 5: Encouraging law enforcement cooperation with a view to raising the competency level of the actors dedicated to combating corruption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

2.3 Action thrust 3: Supporting the work of international organizations, non-state actors and local institutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

• Specific objective 6: Reinforcing collaboration with international organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

• Specific objective 7: Reinforcing collaboration with non-state actors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

• Specific objective 8: Drawing on local institutions and in particular, on Supreme Audit Institutions (SAIs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

Appendix 1: The theory of change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Appendix 2: Accountability framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Acronyms and abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31


Foreword

Fighting corruption is central to the rule of law and a necessary condition for the respect of human rights. A global phenomenon affecting all countries, corruption weakens the legitimacy of public authorities, undermines the effective operation of democratic institutions and hinders economic and social development. The society as a whole suffers from its consequences. Fighting corruption improves access to basic rights but also builds citizens’ confidence in the State.

The importance and transnational nature of these issues highlights the need to make fighting corruption a priority of French cooperation. This strategy is therefore a leading instrument of our cooperation, and particularly of our official development assistance. It will guide France in its efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.

Drafted by all the French institutions concerned,* this strategy provides a framework for joint action and provides a working method for all the French cooperation actors.

Lastly, this strategy aims to provide a real added value in the field. It sets out a series of tangible actions with a clear timeline.

France commits alongside all of its partners – institutions, companies, civil society organizations, etc. – to work together to curb corruption. Using an inclusive approach based on dialogue, this commitment will be seen in the promotion of transparency and accountability as well as support for local institutions. With unwavering determination to closely collaborate with civil society, France has reaffirmed its priority to place citizens at the heart of its cooperation action.

Michel Miraillet

Director-General for Global Affairs, Culture, Education and International Development

© 1

23R

F

* Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (MEAE), Ministry of the Economy, Finance and the Recovery (MEF), Ministry of Justice (MINJUST), Ministry of the Interior (MININT), French Anti-Corruption Agency (AFA), Cour des Comptes, High Authority for Transparency in Public Life (HATVP), Agence Française de Développement Group (AFD and Expertise France), Canal France International (CFI) and the General Secretariat for European Affairs (SGAE)


Chapter 1Issues, background, scope and implementation

1.1 Issues

French law defines corruption as the offer, promise, request or acceptance of an advantage, in order to act or refrain from acting in the performance of one’s duties, public or private.1 Corruption can be either passive or active: requesting an advantage or accepting it are both punished equally. For the purposes of the present strategy, the decision has been made to keep to a broad acceptance of the concept of corruption, by covering all forms of integrity breaches.2 There is no universally accepted definition of the term.

Corruption is a global phenomenon that impinges on all territories, industries and actors. The World Bank and the World Economic Forum estimate that bribery and misappropriated funds, which are difficult to evaluate, amount to 3.6 trillion dollars every year, representing 5% of the world’s gross domestic product (GDP)3.

It is a major factor in slowing down development but it also impacts developed countries. Economic activity and State legitimacy suffer from the many negative effects of corruption, such as the misappropriation of funds, dented investor confidence, confiscation of natural resources and lower levels of government resources. Corruption distorts competition, encourages informal economic activity and decreases tax acceptability.

Corruption also has an adverse effect on optimal funding allocation and the effectiveness of public policies. It affects the State’s capacity to provide high-quality services, by placing obstacles in the way of the equitable and effective distribution of goods and services. It contributes to greater inequality and erodes the trust of citizens in government institutions and representatives.

Trust is also dented when corruption extends to electoral processes, thus delegitimizing the democratic process. Overall, corruption undermines the rule of law and represents an obstacle to the fulfillment of human rights.

Corruption is a breeding ground for crime, including organized crime, terrorism and armed groups, when their networks draw on misappropriated funds or the actors involved use corruption to their ends. It is a contributing factor to crisis and vulnerability and has a negative impact on security and stability, nationally, regionally and internationally.

1.2 Background

Many texts and initiatives have dealt with the fight against corruption, and its link to development, both at the level of multilateral institutions (UN, OECD and EU) and bodies (G7 and G20), and at the national level.

The 2030 Agenda, published in 2015 by the United Nations, sets out 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including the goal to “Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels” (Goal 16). In other words, only sustainable development can ensure democratic governance and that depends on fighting corruption (Target 16.5 focuses on corruption).

On the European Union side, the new European Consensus on Development adopted in 2017 also reflects the link between corruption and development.

These texts, including three flagship documents setting the framework for the fight against corruption,

1. Articles 432-11 and 433-1 of the Penal Code (bribery of public officials); Articles 435-1 and 435-3 of the Penal Code (bribery of foreign public officials)

2. Including, among the most frequent breaches: bribery of a public official, influence peddling, abuse of office, misappropriation of public funds, corruption in the private sector, unlawful taking of interest, favouritism, obstruction of justice.

3. “Global Cost of Corruption at Least 5 Per Cent of World Gross Domestic Product, Secretary-General Tells Security Council, Citing World Economic Forum Data”, UN News, 10 September 2018 (https://www.un.org/press/en/2018/sc13493.doc.htm)

https://www.un.org/press/en/2018/sc13493.doc.htm

11Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs - DGM10 France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030

4. Corruption is also mentioned in Article 83 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, which stipulates that minimum rules for defining offences and sanctions may be enacted via directives.

5. In accordance with the implementation of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention (in phase 4) which began on 15 January 2021, France is being evaluated on the fight against corruption with regard to its development assistance (including the different anti-corruption components: prevention, compliance and ethics, detection and whistle-blowing and sanctions).

6. Act 2016-1691 of 9 December 2016 on transparency, anti-corruption and economic modernization

7. The Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness (2005) and the Accra Agenda for Action (2008) established the first three principles and commitments mentioned above. The Busan Partnership is the agreement that was drawn up during the fourth High-Level Forum (HLF-4) in Busan on Aid Effectiveness.

“Money laundering, corruption, illicit financial flows, and tax evasion and avoidance continue to derail sustainable development, disproportionately affecting developing countries. The EU and its Member States will work with partner countries to promote progressive taxation, anti-corruption measures and redistributive public expenditure policies, and to tackle illicit financial flows so as to promote access to quality basic services for all.”

New European Consensus on Development, 2017

BOX 1

supplement the treaties and agreements in this field adopted over the years, in order to organize the international community’s response:4

• The United Nations Convention against Corruption (Merida Convention), was signed on 31 October 2003 and entered into force on 14 December 2005. It was ratified by nearly all States (187). Its particularly broad scope focuses on international cooperation and corruption prevention, among other issues.

• The Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions (OECD) was signed on 17 December 1997 and entered into force on 15 February 1999. This key instrument in the fight against corruption, one of the first in this field, targets the bribery of foreign public officials.5

• The Criminal Law Convention on Corruption of the Council of Europe was signed on 27 January 1999 and entered into force on 1 August 2008. It aims to incriminate a wide range of corruption offences in a coordinated manner and to improve international cooperation in order to accelerate and enable the prosecution of both corruptors and those corrupted.

In France, the act on transparency, anti-corruption and economic modernization, known as the “Sapin 2” Act of 9 December 20166, aims to raise French legislation to the highest European and international anti-corruption standards. It aims to instill more transparency in the public decision-making process and economic life and to combat corruption more effectively, especially abroad, with prevention and policing components. The law also created

the French Anti-Corruption Agency (AFA) the aim of which is to assist competent authorities and the persons faced with these issues to prevent and detect instances of corruption, influence peddling, unlawful taking of interest, misappropriation of public funds and favouritism.

France’s political commitment to this issue is also manifest in its political declarations:• The G7 declaration, “Transparency in Public Procurement and the Common Fight against Corruption”, adopted during the French presidency in 2019, especially promotes open methods and practices in public procurement, with the aim of making the bidding process more effective, fair and transparent. It also highlights the importance of international cooperation in combating corruption.

• The Busan Partnership for Effective Development Cooperation (2011) reaffirms:7

– the principle of focusing on results;– the commitment to use and reinforce developing countries’ systems (administrative, such as management and accountancy);– the possibility for civil society organizations to play their part in development;– the commitment to focus efforts on establishing transparent systems for the management of public funds;

© S

hut

ters

tock


– the need to work towards better budget transparency and to reinforce independent mechanisms, in order to comply with the rule of law and to protect whistle-blowers in the fight against corruption.

1.3 Scope

As national and international legislative frameworks evolve, there is a growing demand for technical assistance on this issue. This is the background for this French strategy, the aim of which is to ensure the overall coherence of all the anti-corruption activities undertaken abroad by French cooperation actors. Cooperation here is taken to mean the technical cooperation activities8 led by France and one or several other States and activities carried out under official development assistance (ODA) policy. This also includes international initiatives led by French institutions in this field.

The strategy addresses the need to ensure that no assistance provided by France to partner countries can be used to fuel corruption, as well as the need to support the fight against corruption in France’s partner countries. It covers all aspects of combating corruption, including prevention. It provides a framework of reference for the identification, implementation and monitoring of all international cooperation activities developed by French actors.

It also relates to:• the OECD Recommendation of the Council for Development Co-operation Actors on Managing Risks of Corruption (2016), which provides details of anti-corruption measures to be implemented in cooperation and development organizations (such as ministries and agencies);

• the evaluation of France’s contribution to the improvement of financial governance in countries receiving official development assistance (2006-2016), led jointly by the French Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (MEAE), the French Ministry for the Economy, Finance and the Recovery (MEFR) and the Agence Française de Développement (AFD).

The strategy is a global one, in the sense that it does not set out geography-based priorities. However, bilateral development cooperation is carried out by ODA beneficiaries, set by the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC), and more specifically with the ODA priority countries, as set by the Interministerial Committee for International Cooperation and Development.

1.4 Strategy implementation, monitoring and evaluation

The strategy will be implemented by French institutions involved in international cooperation in general and in the fight against corruption in particular, including:• the MEAE; • the MEFR; • the French Ministry of Justice (MINJUST); • the French Ministry of the Interior (MININT);• the AFA; • the Cour des Comptes and the Regional and Territorial Chambers of Accounts; • the High Authority for Transparency in Public Life (HATVP); • the Agence Française de Développement group (AFD and Expertise France); • Canal France International (CFI); • the General Secretariat for European Affairs (SGAE).

In order to ensure that international best practices are adopted in implementing the strategy, these institutions have also developed an "accountability framework” (see Appendix 2).9 Monitoring activities and indicators have been identified for each of the strategy’s objectives. They will serve to make a tangible evaluation of the progress achieved. In addition, technical and strategic monitoring will be carried out separately by two bodies:

• The co-secretariat of the Interministerial Committee for International Cooperation and Development (COSEC-CICID) will make strategic-level decisions, with the above-mentioned French institutional actors. At least once year, it will be tasked with evaluating progress in implementing the strategy and may, if necessary, decide on measures to accelerate progress;

• A technical committee (COTEC)10 will meet a minimum of twice a year. Its task will be to provide information for accountability framework indicators throughout the year and to provide COSEC-CICID meetings with data.

The implementation of the strategy will be evaluated five years after its publication and again in 2030 (the date fixed for achieving the SDGs). The first evaluation may lead to amending the strategy.

The following documents will be published in a spirit of transparency and accountability of France’s action: • evaluations of the strategy mentioned above; • periodic implementation reports.

8. Except for “operational” cooperation, that is, mutual assistance criminal matters regarding corruption.

9. See p. xx

10. Includes the French institutional actors mentioned above.


Chapter 2Goals

The overall goal for French cooperation activities is aligned with the commitment France made as part of the 2030 Agenda and, more specifically, with target 16.5:11

There is less corruption in French cooperation partner countries.

This overall goal has three action thrusts, with eight specific objectives between them.

Corruption is reduced in French cooperation partner countries

1. Reinforcing the French approach to combating

corruption

1. Reinforcing the effectiveness of French cooperation concerning

anti-corruption

3. Promoting transparency and accountability in the public

sector

6. Reinforcing collaboration with international organizations

2. Limiting the risk that the work of French actors fuels

corruption

4. Reinforcing France’s cooperation in priority areas to

combat corruption

5. Encouraging law enforcement cooperation with a view to

raising the competency level of the actors dedicated to

combating corruption

7. Reinforcing collaboration with non-state actors

8. Drawing on local institutions and in particular, on Supreme

Audit Institutions (SAIs)

2. Promoting anti-corruption and better governance in international cooperation

3. Supporting the work of international organizations, non-state actors and local

institutions

Overall goal

Action thrusts

Specific objectives

11. Target 16.5: “Substantially reduce corruption and bribery in all their forms”.


2.1 Action thrust 1: Reinforcing the French approach to combating corruption

This thrust focuses on reinforcing the fight against corruption in France’s cooperation action, building on the progress achieved in national legislation and on the combined experience of the French actors involved in international cooperation.

Specific objective 1: Reinforcing the effectiveness of French cooperation concerning anti-corruption

The strategy contributes to reinforcing the effectiveness of French cooperation in the field of anti-corruption by setting out common objectives for French actors. France will organize and develop its pool of expertise working under its cooperation policy to combat corruption, by calling on Expertise France, the overarching agency for the ministries and professions concerned.

These French experts will need to benefit from the feedback and lessons learnt following cooperation projects led by France. To that end, actors involved will devise a system that will enable them to share feedback on anti-corruption international cooperation, on a regular basis.

The lessons learnt from previous evaluation exercises must also benefit French cooperation projects. Four key lessons relate to the effectiveness of these projects. First, anti-corruption cooperation has been successful when it was able to take advantage of a window of opportunity promptly (policy makers’ interest or public opinion, for instance).12 France will also adopt a flexible approach that will enable it to be proactive in the event that a change of context in a partner country creates an opportunity to combat corruption.

Second, these windows of opportunity are closely linked to political will and the local political economy (understood here to mean the benefits to the members of a political system). They need to be analysed, in order to arrive at a comprehensive understanding of the context and of the realistic areas for improvement, given that context.13 In line with this conclusion, France will take local political will and the political economy into account more systematically, to guide the selection, development and implementation of anti-corruption cooperation projects that it funds.

Third, France will adopt an approach based on the achievement of impact and results, in line with best practices in development cooperation.14 It will seek to ensure that its cooperation activities in the fight against corruption have the most lasting impact possible.

Lastly, France will ensure, in the context of its budgetary support, that it places greater emphasis on taking account of partner countries’ reforms in public finance management and transparency, as well as on the risks of corruption, linked with the European Union’s budgetary support practices. For instance, targets for improvements in public finance management and in good governance will be incorporated into French budgetary support more systematically.

Specific objective 2: Limiting the risk that the work of French actors fuel corruption

France will finalize the deployment of systems for the detection and prevention of integrity breaches in French cooperation institutions and actors, by ensuring that the measures implemented are effective and of high quality.

French actors will reinforce their collaboration on the identification and management of risk relating to international corruption, especially by sharing information and best

12. Source : https://www.u4.no/publications/twenty-years-with-anti-corruption-part-1-old-issue-new-concern

13. Evaluation of the French contribution to improving financial governance in countries benefiting from official development assistance (2006-2016), p. 101: “Upstream diagnostic work to differentiate between needs and requests is possible and should be included in project formulation based on:

1) PEFA-style standard evaluations (where available);

2) An analysis of the political economy, so as to establish what the realistic areas for improvement are and where they can be found – an exercise that goes beyond simply identifying needs based on shortcomings revealed thanks to standard evaluations;

3) In-depth communication with the partner country.

Needs are to be determined according to local demand and the work of other PTFs, so that priorities may be set and the most appropriate support mechanism identified. French institutions should be able to indicate whether they provide relevant expertise and to communicate needs to partners who may be able to respond.”

14. Results-based management or approaches are understood to mean: - setting out realistic outcomes, based on appropriate analysis; - identifying programme beneficiaries precisely and developing the programmes that meet their needs; - monitoring progress with relevant indicators; - identifying and managing risk; - increasing knowledge, by drawing on lessons learnt and incorporating them in the decision-making process; - publishing reports on the results achieved and the resources used.

https://www.u4.no/publications/twenty-years-with-anti-corruption-part-1-old-issue-new-concern


practices. The focus will be on reinforcing discussions among French actors concerning the approach to be adopted in case of heightened risk.

Civil society members may be consulted for the purposes of context analysis, prior to country risk assessments.

Lastly, France commits to ensuring that the ministries involved set up a training programme on anti-corruption issues and the French system of prevention and sanction for French staff sent on an assignment abroad.

2.2 Action thrust 2: Promoting anti-corruption and better governance in international cooperation

Specific objective 3: Promoting transparency and accountability in the public sector

Accountability for public actors – and more generally, for any organization that benefits from public funds – means accounting to citizens for the management of these funds (financial management and effectiveness of the work carried out for the benefit of everyone). Reports and the monitoring of observations and recommendations by local Supreme Audit Institutions (SAIs) and parliaments contribute to accountability. Funders must encourage the reinforcement of local systems to audit the proper use of public funds, both in terms of their legality and of public policy effectiveness.

France will appeal for a stronger culture of internal audit and risk management. It will support stronger control systems and public internal audit, as well as inspection systems and external audit (from SAIs and parliaments for instance). It will continue to support audit bodies and institutions.

In addition, France will continue to support reforms on transparency and access to information. France will thus support transparency and accountability in the management of public resources. In addition to simply publishing documents and making them available, France will encourage communication on public policies, budgets and the taking into account of SAI recommendations, for instance. Communication will form an integral part of transparency and accountability, so that individuals may access and use information.

France will continue to support extending the Open Government Partnership to new countries, especially Francophone countries. It will also, via its cooperation

projects, continue to endorse the dissemination of open government principles. These help combat corruption, by appealing for more transparent and inclusive governance, with the full involvement of civil society actors in the development and monitoring of public policies.

France will promote transparency in public life. The French approach to auditing the integrity of public officials and staff will be promoted abroad. In particular, France will share its progress on auditing officials’ assets and on preventing conflicts of interest in the public sphere.

Digitization can be useful tool in reducing the number of intermediaries and limiting opportunities for corruption. The ability to audit information systems and the traceability of operations make it easier for public action to be audited and accountable. Frances recognizes the benefit of digital technology and will support those activities that use it, especially with a view to securing public procurement, and public income and expenditure.

Lastly, France will ensure that the French mechanism for the return of goods seized in transnational corruption cases to the citizens of plundered countries complies with the principles of judicial sovereignty, traceability and accountability.

© P

ixab

ay


The Open Government Partnership (OGP) is an international initiative bringing together 80 countries, 15 “local governments” and hundreds of civil society organizations working towards transparency of public action, civic engagement and democratic innovation.

Every two years, member countries develop national action plans to implement the principles of open government, in consultation with civil society. Independent experts then evaluate the implementation of these plans.

In October 2017, the Agence Française de Développement launched the Open Government Support Program in Francophone Developing Countries (PAGOF). Investment totalling €3.5 million has been allocated to a bilateral programme for the implementation of open government commitments in Tunisia, Côte d’Ivoire and Burkina Faso and €1 million has been paid into the World Bank OGP Multi-Donor Trust Fund.

Combating corruption is one of the OGP’s major goals, which already featured in the 2011 declaration as a key commitment. It counted as one of major goals at the OGP meeting co-chaired by France in 2016.

Not only does the OGP represent a unique resource for advancing the global agenda for integrity collectively, it also helps individual States when it comes to their national anti-corruption agenda.

BOX 2

Specific objective 4: Reinforcing France’s cooperation in priority areas to combat corruption

In addition to the traditional cooperation activities that contribute to reducing corruption, four themes are the focus of particular attention.

a) Protecting whistle-blowers

This theme is in line with the “Human Rights and Development” strategy, making the protection of human rights advocates (including whistle-blowers) a priority for France.

France will appeal for ambitious language in multilateral documents concerning the protection of whistle-blowers.

It will encourage initiatives that support whistle-blowers working in the anti-corruption field.

It will promote a number of measures, including those that aim to improve the status of whistle-blowers in partner countries, implement the reporting process and inform citizens of the whistle-blower status. It will be all the more important for us to work closely with the European Union and to support the work already carried out on whistle-blowing, given how complex this topic is to deal with, anti-corruption already being a sensitive field.

b) Transparency in extractive industries

Transparency in extractive industries (mining and oil and gas extraction) is at the very core of all the economic development and governance issues in many countries that enjoy abundant natural resources and potentially depend on them.

France will promote recognized international standards on transparency in this industry (especially the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative EITI - standard and the OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains of Minerals from Conflict-Affected and High-Risk Areas). Particular attention will be paid to those areas that are most at risk from corruption: granting licenses, contracts, actual beneficiaries, trade in raw materials and state-owned companies.

France will promote the implementation of these commitments, as part of its development cooperation activities. It will do so by supporting reform efforts in producing countries and also by building capacity in civil society organizations, their involvement in these processes being critical to the credibility of the accountability framework.

© T

ran

spar

ency

Inte

rnat

ion

al

Digital and transparency award ceremony, 2017.


c) Public-private partnerships (PPPs)

Because of their size, these complex and long-term projects represent significant financial challenges. Risk is particularly high in the absence of suitable governance or effective audit systems, or where the selection process is not transparent.

Building on its experience of public-private partnerships (PPPs), France will continue to support capacity building in partner countries, by drawing on international best practices and by engaging French actors, in order to:

• implement appropriate legal and institutional frameworks, by promoting the Quality Infrastructure Investment principles adopted by the G20, which aim to achieve objectives of accountability, traceability, transparency and effectiveness in project development;

• guide public project owners in the development of PPP infrastructure projects (at the planning, structuring, procurement and transaction stages) via dedicated technical assistance programmes and support in the deployment of the SOURCE platform15 –this infrastructure project piloting tool was developed by multilateral development banks and provides standardized and comprehensive coverage of all the aspects that need to be addressed when developing high-quality and sustainable infrastructures;

• reinforce PPP audit capacity by SAIs, anti-corruption authorities, industry regulatory authorities and public procurement regulatory authorities, authorities in charge of the ex-ante control of procurement procedures and PPP units in charge of delivering opinions on the preliminary evaluation of unsolicited offers.

France will continue to train actors on these issues, including by using the 2019 Legislative Guide on Public-Private Partnerships drawn up by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL), which sets out a number of anti-corruption measures.

d) Public procurement

Public procurement accounts for around 13% of global GDP. Fraud and corruption distort public procurement procedures and institutions, to the detriment of citizens (tax payers and public service users). The United Nations estimates that 10 to 25% of public contracts’ market value is lost to corruption each year. In general terms, low levels of transparency in procurement, a lack of integrity in institutions and the absence of accountability from prom public purchasers increase the risk of corruption in public

procurement. The importance of this theme was highlighted in the 2019 G7 declaration on Transparency in Public Procurement and the Common Fight against Corruption. The COVID-19 pandemic also revealed many scandals relating to corruption in public procurement.France will encourage the reinforcement of public procurement systems and in particular:

• the promotion and improvement of an international tool for the examination of contract award procedures, by continuing its involvement in the Methodology for Assessing Procurement Systems (MAPS)16 initiative;

• the promotion of legal frameworks and instruments that help reinforce integrity and transparency in public contract award procedures, especially by developing electronic purchasing systems and tools to manage the risk of corruption;

• support for the reinforcement of public procurement audit bodies;

• a stronger appeal to French companies bidding for public contracts abroad.

Specific objective 5: Encouraging law enforcement cooperation with a view to raising the competency level of the actors dedicated to combating corruption

France will promote activities that enhance the competencies of officers in the law enforcement services dedicated to anti-corruption, by working with the countries that wish to reinforce their investigative procedures and judiciary with regard to economic and financial crime (specialized police and prosecution units). These activities will draw especially on the work of Expertise France and Civipol, the technical international cooperation agency at the French Ministry for the Interior.

15. This platform has been designed as part of the G20’s work to promote sustainable infrastructures. It covers all aspects of project operations, from design to completion, including compliance.

16. MAPS is a multilateral initiative, for which the OECD provides the secretariat. It aims to improve contract award procedures, by offering a methodology that assesses both strengths and weaknesses, thus guiding reform efforts.

17. For its part, the AFA signed cooperation protocols with the European Development Bank in 2018, with the Inter-American Development Bank in 2019 and with the African Development Bank in 2020.


2.3 Action thrust 3: Supporting the work of international organizations, non-state actors and local institutions

Specific objective 6: Reinforcing collaboration with international organizations

France will reinforce its collaboration with international institutions, multilateral banks and regional development banks, by signing cooperation agreements to facilitate joint investigations and the sharing of information on corruption risk.17

It will continue its close collaboration on the fight against corruption with international organizations (IOs) and the public development agencies that operate in partner countries.

Specific objective 7: Reinforcing collaboration with non-state actors

France will pursue its action in order to develop partnerships involving public officials in partner countries and civil society representatives, including the private sector. Specific efforts need to be deployed to promote the added value of civil society organizations (CSOs) contributing to the design, monitoring and evaluation of development projects led by local and regional authorities. Civic engagement is essential for these authorities, enabling them to generate proposals and influence the work of national authorities. Concerning technical assistance projects, France will seek to combine institutional cooperation with stronger counter-powers (meaning civil society and young people, for instance) as far as is possible. In particular, information actors (including media outlets, journalists, bloggers and influencers) can contribute to strengthening accountability and transparency in local institutions and public policies. They are also often the ones who actually expose corruption.

With that in mind, and relating to objective 4, France will continue to support civil society organizations, especially information actors, who work on transparency and accountability.

The associations representing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs),18 intermediate-sized enterprises (ISEs), international bilateral chambers of commerce and industry (CCIs), French Foreign Trade Advisors (CCEF), the Paris International Chamber of Commerce (CCIP), the French Business Confederation (MEDEF International) and the French Council of Investors in Africa (CIAN) will be more closely involved in the overall goal of reducing corruption in French cooperation partner countries.

18. Especially the Confederation of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (CPME).

© T

ran

spar

ency

Inte

rnat

ion

al©

Tra

nsp

aren

cy In

tern

atio

nal

Training of investigative journalists, 2019.

Raising students’ awareness of the fight against corruption, 2019.


Tasked with auditing public funds, SAIs have a role to play in the audit of funds derived from aid programmes. To that end, they are equipped with the necessary competencies and investigation tools:

• as part of their own activities, this role represents a de facto guarantee in principle for the donor, even though the latter may have no say in defining audit priorities and timelines. However, all SAIs do not have the remit to conduct an audit of donors’ funds, all the more so when these funds do not transit through the Public Treasury;

• as part of a cooperation programme, as set out in an agreement among the donor, the partner State and the SAI. In that case, the audit priorities and timeline form the object of an agreement, with the SAI retaining its independence. When the SAI is called upon in this manner, part of the aid programme may include specific funding so that the additional audit does not burden the SAI’s resources unduly.19

BOX 3

19. The International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI) is seeking to facilitate the work of SAIs in that context, while ensuring that precautions are taken to avoid compromising their independence and their legitimacy in serving their country’s citizens.

Specific objective 8: Drawing on local institutions and in particular, on Supreme Audit Institutions (SAIs)

SAIs are an important contributor to the fight against corruption and corruption prevention by virtue of their work in auditing public funds. Their independence, rigorous methods and investigation measures must be encouraged. France considers that SAIs with stronger powers and more capacity are an important factor in the development process.

France will continue to support projects that reinforce SAIs, enabling them to develop their independence and their legitimacy in serving citizens, as well as their technical skills, especially regarding investigative audit and the application of recommendations contained in SAI reports.

France will promote local SAIs and support the role they play in the independent and rigorous auditing and monitoring of aid programmes, with regard to the appropriateness of the use of funds and potentially, programme performance. Support will be provided irrespective of whether SAIs are conducting audits as part of their regular activities or ad hoc, by way of an agreement with the donor.

© E

xper

tise

Fra

nce

Start of a project to strengthen supervisory institutions, 2021.

Lastly, it will support the development of cooperation among the SAI, anti-corruption authorities and judicial authorities in each country with regard to: the identification of suspected cases of corruption, reports of such cases, prosecution, judgement and monitoring of the decisions made. In its discussions with partner authorities, it will appeal for the implementation of anti-corruption systems that are both impartial and free of jurisdictional conflicts.


Appendix 1:The theory of change

20. Formulated by Transparency International

21. https://www.transparency.org/en/news/global-corruption-barometer-citizens-voices-from-around-the-world

Rationale for action

Expected result Objectively verifiable indicators Success scenarios

Overall goal There is less corruption in French cooperation partner countries

Corruption Perceptions Index20 in priority countries for French development aid, identified by the CICID (average and number of countries improving)Global Corruption Barometer21

Political stability Political will in partner countries

Thrust 1 The French approach is reinforced

Pool of experts updated at least once a yearPercentage of French actors (see the list in section 1.4, p. x) which have finalized their procedures for the detection and prevention of integrity breaches

Availability of French expertise in very specific areas (police cooperation, transparency in public life, etc.)On-going availability of human and financial resources for cooperation in this field

SO1 Reinforcing the effectiveness of French cooperation work concerning the fight against corruption

SO2 Limiting the risk that the work of French actors fuel corruption

Thrust 2 Good governance and the fight against corruption are promoted in the context of international cooperation

Number of cooperation projects in the anti-corruption field (by priority theme)

On-going availability of human and financial resources for cooperation in this field

SO3 Promoting transparency and accountability in the public sector

SO4 Reinforcing France’s cooperation in priority areas to combat corruption:1. Protecting whistle-blowers 2. Transparency in extractive industries3. Public-private partnerships (PPPs)4. Public procurement

SO5 Encouraging law enforcement cooperation with a view to raising the competency level of the actors dedicated to combating corruption

Thrust 3 There is support for the work of international organizations, non-state actors and local SAIs

Number of joint activities carried out with IOs

Number of contributions to CSOs

Number of contributions to SAIs

Local SAIs act in a professional (and non-politicized) manner, operating as a counter-powerFavourable momentum in the political economy of SAIs, with external contributions making for more political weight.

On-going availability of human and financial resources for cooperation in this field

SO6 Reinforcing collaboration with international organizations

SO7 Reinforcing collaboration with non-state actors

SO8 Drawing on local institutions and in particular on Supreme Audit Institutions (SAIs)

https://www.transparency.org/en/news/global-corruption-barometer-citizens-voices-from-around-the-world


Appendix 2:Accountability framework

This “accountability framework” adopts the method normally used in project management, so as to ensure that the strategy is monitored and evaluated.


Appendix 2:Accountability framework

Ob

ject

ive

Act

ion

Ind

icat

ors

Targ

ets

(min

imum

)St

arti

ng

situ

atio

n

(str

ateg

y p

ublic

atio

n d

ate)

In c

har

ge o

f im

ple

men

tin

g th

e ac

tio

n

Dea

dlin

e

Spec

ific

ob

ject

ive

1: R

ein

forc

ing

the

effe

ctiv

enes

s o

f Fr

ench

co

op

erat

ion

co

nce

rnin

g th

e fi

ght

agai

nst

co

rrup

tio

n

1.1 S

truc

turi

ng

and

dev

elo

pin

g p

oo

ls o

f Fr

ench

ex

per

tise

on

an

ti-c

orr

upti

on

Cre

atin

g p

oo

ls o

f ex

per

tise

Freq

uen

cy a

t w

hic

h

file

s ar

e up

dat

ed

Num

ber

of

exp

erts

id

enti

fied

(bro

ken

d

ow

n a

cco

rdin

g to

cr

iter

ia y

et t

o b

e es

tab

lish

ed)

Th

ere

is a

po

ol o

f ex

per

ts in

ea

ch in

stit

utio

n

File

s ar

e up

dat

ed o

nce

a

year

No

po

ol o

f ex

per

tsEx

per

tise

Fra

nce

, A

FA, H

AT

VP,

M

INJU

ST, M

EFR

, M

ININ

T, t

he

Co

urt

of

Aud

it, t

he

Fren

ch N

atio

nal

Sc

ho

ol f

or

the

Jud

icia

ry (E

NM

), A

FD

End

202

1En

d 2

030

1.2

Flex

ible

ap

pro

ach:

imp

lem

enti

ng a

Fre

nch

fund

d

edic

ated

to

str

engt

heni

ng t

rans

par

ency

and

ac

coun

tab

ility

, and

to

co

mb

atin

g co

rrup

tio

n, s

o t

hat

acti

on

can

be

take

n p

rom

ptl

y w

here

a w

ind

ow o

f o

pp

ort

unit

y ha

s b

een

iden

tifi

edT

he t

ype

of

acti

on

to b

e fu

nded

and

car

ried

out

is

to b

e an

alys

ed a

gain

st t

he c

ont

ext

of

each

co

untr

y

Fun

d s

et u

p1

fun

d s

et u

p a

nd

o

per

atio

nal

No

mec

han

ism

in p

lace

fo

r ta

kin

g ac

tio

n p

rom

ptl

y o

n t

hes

e is

sues

in t

he

pre

sen

ce o

f a

win

do

w o

f o

pp

ort

unit

y

AFD

End

202

4

1.3

Taki

ng

into

acc

oun

t p

olit

ical

will

an

d t

he

po

litic

al e

con

om

y w

hen

sel

ecti

ng

and

car

ryin

g o

ut

anti

-co

rrup

tio

n c

oo

per

atio

n p

roje

cts

Perc

enta

ge o

f ant

i-co

rrup

tio

n p

roje

ct

do

cum

ents

tha

t co

ntai

n a

par

agra

ph

o

n p

olit

ical

will

and

th

e p

olit

ical

eco

nom

y

60%

Polit

ical

will

an

d t

he

po

litic

al e

con

om

y n

ot

take

n in

to a

cco

unt

syst

emat

ical

ly

MEA

E, A

FD,

Exp

erti

se F

ran

ce,

wit

h s

upp

ort

fro

m

the

AFA

End

203

0

1.4.

1 D

evel

op

ing

mea

sure

men

t an

d d

iagn

ost

ic t

oo

ls

con

cern

ing

corr

upti

on

an

d g

ove

rnan

ceT

he

po

ssib

ility

of

dev

elo

pin

g an

inte

rnat

ion

al a

nd

st

and

ard

ized

“m

eth

od

olo

gy”,

aim

ing

to e

xam

ine

corr

upti

on

issu

es o

bje

ctiv

ely

and

to

iden

tify

re

form

leve

rs, w

ill b

e ev

alua

ted

an

d im

ple

men

ted

, if

ap

pro

pri

ate.

A s

tud

y w

ill b

e co

nd

ucte

d t

o t

hat

en

d a

nd

dis

cuss

ion

s w

ill t

ake

pla

ce in

inte

rnat

ion

al

foru

ms

Dis

cuss

ion

s o

n t

his

is

sue

wit

h IO

sSt

udy

con

duc

ted

on

h

ow

to

mea

sure

an

d

exam

ine

corr

upti

on

1 d

iscu

ssio

n w

ith

the

OEC

D

1 d

iscu

ssio

n w

ith

the

EU1

dis

cuss

ion

wit

h th

e W

orld

Ba

nk1

pre

sent

atio

n b

y Ex

per

tise

Fr

ance

on

the

wo

rk a

chie

ved

as

par

t o

f the

pro

ject

in

Leb

ano

n ai

med

at

iden

tify

ing

corr

upti

on

ind

icat

ors

1 d

ecis

ion

on

whe

ther

and

ho

w t

o p

ursu

e th

is is

sue

1 st

udy

cond

ucte

d

Fran

ce, a

ctin

g vi

a th

e A

FA

and

the

HA

TVP,

cur

rent

ly

cont

ribut

es t

o t

he

dev

elo

pm

ent

of in

dic

ato

rs,

in o

rder

to

eva

luat

e th

e im

ple

men

tati

on

of t

he

OEC

D R

eco

mm

end

atio

n

on

Pub

lic In

tegr

ity

MEA

EA

FD f

or

the

stud

yA

ll ac

tors

will

m

on

ito

r th

is w

ork

an

d in

corp

ora

te it

in

pro

ject

se

lect

ion

cyc

les

End

202

2


1.4.

2 C

on

solid

atin

g m

on

ito

rin

g an

d e

valu

atio

n

pro

ced

ures

co

nce

rnin

g th

e w

ork

un

der

take

n b

y Fr

ench

act

ors

Wh

ere

po

ssib

le, e

nsu

rin

g th

at e

ach

fun

ded

pro

ject

is

incl

uded

in a

n e

valu

atio

n c

ycle

(pro

ject

ev

alua

tio

n, p

rogr

amm

e, e

tc.)

Shar

ing

eval

uati

on

rep

ort

s w

ith

oth

er F

ren

ch a

nd

Eu

rop

ean

act

ors

, wh

ere

rele

van

t

Req

uest

fo

r d

etai

led

te

chn

ical

an

d

fin

anci

al r

epo

rts

for

all t

he

pro

ject

s fu

nd

ed b

y th

e C

oo

per

atio

n a

nd

C

ultu

ral A

ctio

n

Serv

ice(

SCA

C) a

nd

th

e M

EAE

Perc

enta

ge o

f ev

alua

tio

n r

epo

rts

shar

ed

90%

of

tech

nic

al a

nd

fi

nan

cial

rep

ort

s fo

r fu

nd

ed

pro

ject

s av

aila

ble

100%

of

eval

uati

on

rep

ort

s sh

ared

100%

of

tech

nic

al a

nd

fi

nan

cial

rep

ort

s fo

r p

roje

cts

fun

ded

by

the

MEA

E si

nce

201

8 av

aila

ble

SCA

C, M

EAE,

AFD

an

d E

xper

tise

Fr

ance

End

203

0

1.4.3

Con

duc

ting

the

stu

die

s re

qui

red

to re

info

rce

Fren

ch a

ctio

n, in

clud

ing

one

stud

y on

feed

back

in

com

bati

ng in

tern

atio

nal c

orru

pti

on o

ver t

he p

ast

20

to 3

0 ye

ars

Stud

y co

nd

ucte

d

(yes

/no)

St

udy

pub

lish

edN

o s

tud

y. 1

tec

hn

ical

p

aper

has

bee

n p

rod

uced

, b

ased

on

fee

db

ack

rela

tin

g to

th

e fi

ght

agai

nst

inte

rnat

ion

al

corr

upti

on

AFD

AFD

All

Fren

ch a

cto

rs

will

mo

nit

or

this

w

ork

End

202

2

1.4.

4 Su

stai

nab

ility

: an

ti-c

orr

upti

on

tra

inin

g p

rogr

amm

es f

und

ed b

y Fr

ance

are

pro

vid

ed o

ver

the

lon

g te

rm a

nd

fo

cus

on

cre

atin

g a

syst

em f

or

regu

lar

staf

f tr

ain

ing,

incl

udin

g th

e ap

po

intm

ent

of

a h

ead

of

trai

nin

g, t

he

des

ign

of

reus

able

tra

inin

g m

ater

ials

an

d t

rain

ing

for

the

trai

ner

s

Perc

enta

ge o

f lo

ng-

term

tra

inin

g p

rogr

amm

es f

und

ed

by

Fran

ce

70%

N

o m

oni

torin

g o

n th

is is

sue

The

Écol

e N

atio

nale

d

’Ad

min

istr

atio

n (E

NA

) p

rovi

des

trai

ning

for t

rain

ers

as p

art o

f co

oper

atio

n

pro

ject

s (C

roat

ia) a

nd s

hare

s tr

aini

ng m

ater

ials

so

that

th

ey c

an b

e re

used

The

ENM

rein

forc

es tr

aini

ng

cap

acity

for i

ts c

ount

erp

arts

in

co

oper

atio

n p

roje

cts

(gen

eral

trai

ning

, not

sp

ecifi

c to

com

bat

ing

corr

uptio

n,

but

con

trib

utin

g to

it)

MEA

E, A

FD,

Exp

erti

se F

ran

ce,

ENA

, EN

M, A

FA

End

203

0

1.5

Up

dat

ing

the

po

licy

pap

er o

n b

udge

t fu

ndin

g so

as

to

bet

ter

take

acc

oun

t o

f re

form

s in

par

tner

co

untr

ies

on

pub

lic f

inan

ce m

anag

emen

t an

d

tran

spar

ency

, as

wel

l as

on

the

risk

s o

f co

rrup

tio

n, a

s p

art

of

its

cont

rib

utio

ns

Polic

y p

aper

up

dat

edPo

licy

pap

er u

pd

ated

Polic

y p

aper

co

ntai

ns

noth

ing

spec

ific

on

this

is

sue

MEA

EEn

d 2

021

1.6

Dev

elo

pin

g a

cap

ital

izat

ion

sys

tem

Syst

em c

reat

ed1

cap

ital

izat

ion

sys

tem

cr

eate

dN

o fo

rmal

cap

ital

izat

ion

sy

stem

MEA

E/D

GM

End

202

2


Spec

ific

ob

ject

ive

2: L

imit

ing

the

risk

th

at t

he

wo

rk o

f Fr

ench

act

ors

fue

l co

rrup

tio

n

2.1

Fin

aliz

ing

syst

ems

for

the

det

ecti

on

an

d

pre

ven

tio

n o

f in

tegr

ity

bre

ach

es in

Fre

nch

co

op

erat

ion

inst

itut

ion

s an

d a

cto

rs

Op

erat

iona

l rea

din

ess

of th

e M

EAE

syst

emM

EAE

det

ecti

on

an

d

pre

ven

tio

n s

yste

ms

op

erat

ion

al

MEA

E sy

stem

s cu

rren

tly

bei

ng d

evel

op

edM

EAE

End

20

22

2.2

Rei

nfo

rcin

g co

llab

ora

tio

n a

mo

ng

Fren

ch a

cto

rs

on

th

e id

enti

fica

tio

n a

nd

man

agem

ent

of

the

risk

o

f co

rrup

tio

n a

bro

ad

Incl

udin

g Fr

ench

op

erat

ors

in c

ircu

lati

on

list

s fo

r th

e re

po

rts

resu

ltin

g fr

om

th

e M

ech

anis

m f

or

the

Rev

iew

of

Imp

lem

enta

tio

n o

f th

e U

nit

ed N

atio

ns

Co

nve

nti

on

aga

inst

Co

rrup

tio

n

Num

ber

of

mee

tin

gs

on

th

is is

sue

wit

h

Fren

ch a

cto

rs

Perc

enta

ge o

f fi

nal

ized

rep

ort

s ci

rcul

ated

to

Fre

nch

ac

tors

1 m

eeti

ng

in 2

021

100%

of

rep

ort

s ci

rcul

ated

No

mee

ting

s

No

circ

ulat

ion

m

echa

nism

MEA

E, A

FD a

nd

AFA

MEA

E/D

GM

/DE

End

20

21

End

20

30

2.3

Imp

lem

enti

ng

a sy

stem

atic

tra

inin

g p

rogr

amm

e o

n a

nti

-co

rrup

tio

n is

sues

an

d t

he

Fren

ch a

pp

roac

h

to p

reve

nti

on

an

d s

anct

ion

, fo

r st

aff

sen

t ab

road

(in

em

bas

sies

, tra

de

serv

ices

an

d g

ove

rnm

ent

agen

cies

)

Perc

enta

ge o

f min

istr

ies

conc

erne

d w

ith s

uch

a p

rogr

amm

e fo

r the

ir st

aff

50%

10

0%

The

AFD

Gro

up h

as a

sy

stem

of s

yste

mat

ic a

nd

cont

inui

ng t

rain

ing

for

all

its

staf

f

MEA

E, M

EFR

, M

INJU

ST, M

ININ

T,

wit

h s

upp

ort

fro

m

the

AFA

End

20

25En

d

2030

Spec

ific

ob

ject

ive

3: P

rom

oti

ng

tran

spar

ency

an

d a

cco

unta

bili

ty in

th

e p

ublic

sec

tor

3.1.1

Rei

nfo

rcin

g m

on

ito

rin

g an

d in

tern

al a

udit

Num

ber

of t

rad

e an

d

finan

cial

inst

itutio

ns

sup

por

ted

in d

evel

opin

g or

rein

forc

ing

mon

itorin

g an

d in

tern

al

aud

it sy

stem

s

5 co

untr

ies

sup

po

rted

in

dev

elo

pin

g o

r re

info

rcin

g m

on

ito

rin

g an

d in

tern

al a

udit

sy

stem

s

2020

: 2 c

oun

trie

s su

pp

ort

edEx

per

tise

Fra

nce

an

d A

FDEn

d

2030

3.1.

2 Su

pp

ort

fo

r ge

ner

al in

spec

tio

ns

bei

ng

con

duc

ted

in k

ey in

stit

utio

ns

(po

lice

forc

es

esp

ecia

lly)

Num

ber

of

pro

ject

s su

pp

ort

ing

insp

ecti

on

Num

ber

of

awar

enes

s-ra

isin

g m

eeti

ngs

3 p

roje

cts

No

mo

nit

ori

ng

of

the

num

ber

of

such

pro

ject

sIn

tern

al s

ecur

ity

serv

ices

an

d S

CA

CEn

d

2025

3.2

Sup

por

ting

refo

rms

conc

erni

ng t

rans

pare

ncy

and

ac

cess

to in

form

atio

n, a

nd e

ncou

ragi

ng p

ublic

atio

n,

esp

ecia

lly o

n tr

ansp

aren

cy a

nd a

ccou

ntab

ility

in p

ublic

fin

ance

man

agem

ent

Num

ber

of p

roje

cts

on

this

issu

e w

hich

Fr

ance

co

ntrib

utes

to

Op

en B

udge

t Su

rvey

(O

BS)

1 p

roje

ct p

er y

ear

Imp

rove

men

t in

th

e sc

ore

s o

f p

rio

rity

co

untr

ies

for

Fren

ch

dev

elo

pm

ent

assi

stan

ce

cove

red

by

the

OBS

Part

icip

atio

n in

th

e In

tern

atio

nal

Bud

get

Part

ner

ship

sin

ce 2

016

MEA

E, A

FD,

Exp

erti

se F

ran

ce,

Co

ur d

es C

om

pte

s an

d C

FI

End

20

30

3.3

Sup

po

rtin

g th

e d

isse

min

atio

n o

f o

pen

go

vern

men

t p

rin

cip

les

in F

ran

cop

ho

ne

Afr

ican

co

untr

ies

and

cap

acit

y-b

uild

ing

in F

ran

cop

ho

ne

Afr

ican

mem

ber

co

untr

ies,

wit

h a

vie

w t

o

imp

lem

enti

ng

OG

P-re

late

d c

om

mit

men

ts

Fun

din

g th

e se

con

d

stag

e o

f th

e PA

GO

F p

roje

ct

Seco

nd

sta

ge o

f th

e PA

GO

F p

roje

ct la

unch

ed in

202

2Fi

rst

stag

e o

f PA

GO

F la

unch

ed in

Oct

ob

er

2017

an

d e

nd

ing

in

Dec

emb

er 2

021

AFD

End

20

24


3.4.

1 Pr

om

oti

ng

tran

spar

ency

in p

ublic

life

Num

ber

of a

utho

ritie

s in

cha

rge

of

tran

spar

ency

in p

ublic

lif

e su

pp

ort

ed a

nd

rein

forc

ed

At

leas

t 1

coun

try

sup

po

rted

2020

: no

co

untr

ies

sup

po

rted

Exp

erti

se F

ran

ce

and

AFD

End

20

30

3.4.

2 Pr

om

oti

ng

the

Fren

ch a

pp

roac

h:

- co

nce

rnin

g th

e m

on

ito

rin

g o

f p

ublic

off

icia

ls a

nd

st

aff’

s in

tegr

ity

by

the

HA

TV

P;- c

on

cern

ing

pre

ven

tio

n a

nd

det

ecti

on

by

the

AFA

;- c

on

cern

ing

exte

rnal

aud

it b

y th

e C

our

des

C

om

pte

s

1. P

arti

cip

atio

n in

the

m

ajo

r int

erna

tio

nal

mee

ting

s o

n th

is is

sue

2. C

ont

ribut

ion

to

OEC

D g

uid

ance

on

th

is is

sue

and

to

the

d

evel

op

men

t of

O

ECD

pub

lic in

tegr

ity

ind

icat

ors

3. E

xcha

nges

wit

h

Euro

pea

n in

stitu

tio

ns

on

the

imp

lem

enta

tio

n of

an

in

terin

stitu

tio

nal

Euro

pea

n et

hics

bo

dy

4. V

isit

s fr

om

fore

ign

d

eleg

atio

ns t

hat

wis

h

to le

arn

abo

ut a

nd

dis

cuss

the

Fre

nch

ap

pro

ach

and

pos

sib

le

follo

w-u

p b

ilate

rally

w

ith

cert

ain

coun

trie

s5.

Exc

hang

es w

ith

ce

rtai

n em

bas

sies

in

Fran

ce t

o t

rain

sta

ff o

n

this

issu

e

1. P

arti

cip

atio

n in

5 e

ven

ts2.

1 c

on

trib

utio

n3.

3 v

isit

s4.

At

leas

t 1

del

egat

ion

per

ye

ar5.

1 e

xch

ange

per

yea

r

All

ind

icat

ors

cur

ren

tly

on

goin

g, w

ith

th

e ex

cep

tio

n o

f p

oss

ible

ex

chan

ges

wit

h

emb

assi

es

1, 2

an

d 4

HA

TV

P,

AFA

an

d C

our

des

C

om

pte

s3.

HA

TV

P5.

HA

TV

P an

d A

FA

End

20

30

3.5

Usi

ng

dig

ital

tec

hn

olo

gies

to

str

engt

hen

tr

ansp

aren

cy a

nd

acc

oun

tab

ility

Num

ber

of

coun

trie

s su

pp

ort

ed in

pro

cess

d

igit

izat

ion

an

d t

he

mo

der

niz

atio

n o

f in

form

atio

n s

yste

ms

At

leas

t 3

coun

trie

s su

pp

ort

ed

2020

: 1 c

oun

try

sup

po

rted

Ex

per

tise

Fra

nce

an

d A

FDEn

d

2030

3.6

A t

ran

spar

ent

and

acc

oun

tab

le m

ech

anis

mTh

e m

echa

nism

’s

finan

cial

str

uctu

re is

cl

early

ens

hrin

ed in

law

The

finan

cial

str

uctu

re

is s

tric

tly

sep

arat

e fr

om

d

evel

op

men

t as

sist

ance

Info

rmat

ion

on o

ngoi

ng

and

fina

lized

pro

ject

s is

p

ublis

hed

onl

ine

iden

tica

l in

dic

ato

rsSO

: Th

e m

ech

anis

m

do

es n

ot

exis

t ye

tM

EAE

and

MEF

End

20

22


3.4.

1 Pr

om

oti

ng

tran

spar

ency

in p

ublic

life

Num

ber

of a

utho

ritie

s in

cha

rge

of

tran

spar

ency

in p

ublic

lif

e su

pp

ort

ed a

nd

rein

forc

ed

At

leas

t 1

coun

try

sup

po

rted

2020

: no

co

untr

ies

sup

po

rted

Exp

erti

se F

ran

ce

and

AFD

End

20

30

3.4.

2 Pr

om

oti

ng

the

Fren

ch a

pp

roac

h:

- co

nce

rnin

g th

e m

on

ito

rin

g o

f p

ublic

off

icia

ls a

nd

st

aff’

s in

tegr

ity

by

the

HA

TV

P;- c

on

cern

ing

pre

ven

tio

n a

nd

det

ecti

on

by

the

AFA

;- c

on

cern

ing

exte

rnal

aud

it b

y th

e C

our

des

C

om

pte

s

1. P

arti

cip

atio

n in

the

m

ajo

r int

erna

tio

nal

mee

ting

s o

n th

is is

sue

2. C

ont

ribut

ion

to

OEC

D g

uid

ance

on

th

is is

sue

and

to

the

d

evel

op

men

t of

O

ECD

pub

lic in

tegr

ity

ind

icat

ors

3. E

xcha

nges

wit

h

Euro

pea

n in

stitu

tio

ns

on

the

imp

lem

enta

tio

n of

an

in

terin

stitu

tio

nal

Euro

pea

n et

hics

bo

dy

4. V

isit

s fr

om

fore

ign

d

eleg

atio

ns t

hat

wis

h

to le

arn

abo

ut a

nd

dis

cuss

the

Fre

nch

ap

pro

ach

and

pos

sib

le

follo

w-u

p b

ilate

rally

w

ith

cert

ain

coun

trie

s5.

Exc

hang

es w

ith

ce

rtai

n em

bas

sies

in

Fran

ce t

o t

rain

sta

ff o

n

this

issu

e

1. P

arti

cip

atio

n in

5 e

ven

ts2.

1 c

on

trib

utio

n3.

3 v

isit

s4.

At

leas

t 1

del

egat

ion

per

ye

ar5.

1 e

xch

ange

per

yea

r

All

ind

icat

ors

cur

ren

tly

on

goin

g, w

ith

th

e ex

cep

tio

n o

f p

oss

ible

ex

chan

ges

wit

h

emb

assi

es

1, 2

an

d 4

HA

TV

P,

AFA

an

d C

our

des

C

om

pte

s3.

HA

TV

P5.

HA

TV

P an

d A

FA

End

20

30

3.5

Usi

ng

dig

ital

tec

hn

olo

gies

to

str

engt

hen

tr

ansp

aren

cy a

nd

acc

oun

tab

ility

Num

ber

of

coun

trie

s su

pp

ort

ed in

pro

cess

d

igit

izat

ion

an

d t

he

mo

der

niz

atio

n o

f in

form

atio

n s

yste

ms

At

leas

t 3

coun

trie

s su

pp

ort

ed

2020

: 1 c

oun

try

sup

po

rted

Ex

per

tise

Fra

nce

an

d A

FDEn

d

2030

3.6

A t

ran

spar

ent

and

acc

oun

tab

le m

ech

anis

mTh

e m

echa

nism

’s

finan

cial

str

uctu

re is

cl

early

ens

hrin

ed in

law

The

finan

cial

str

uctu

re

is s

tric

tly

sep

arat

e fr

om

d

evel

op

men

t as

sist

ance

Info

rmat

ion

on o

ngoi

ng

and

fina

lized

pro

ject

s is

p

ublis

hed

onl

ine

iden

tica

l in

dic

ato

rsSO

: Th

e m

ech

anis

m

do

es n

ot

exis

t ye

tM

EAE

and

MEF

End

20

22

Spec

ific

ob

ject

ive

4: R

ein

forc

ing

Fran

ce’s

co

op

erat

ion

in p

rio

rity

are

as t

o c

om

bat

co

rrup

tio

n

Enco

urag

ing

amb

itio

us la

ngu

age

in m

ulti

late

ral

do

cum

ents

co

nce

rnin

g th

e p

rote

ctio

n o

f w

his

tle-

blo

wer

s.

Perc

enta

ge o

f Fre

nch

ne

gotia

tion

pos

ition

s co

ncer

ning

do

cum

ents

on

cor

rup

tion,

whe

re

whi

stle

-blo

wer

p

rote

ctio

n is

incl

uded

60%

Fran

ce p

rom

otes

the

pro

tect

ion

of w

hist

le-

blo

wer

s in

mul

tilat

eral

d

ocu

men

ts, w

here

re

leva

nt

MEA

E an

d S

GA

EEn

d

2030

4.1.

2 Su

pp

ort

ing

init

iati

ves

for

wh

istl

e-b

low

ers

wo

rkin

g in

th

e an

ti-c

orr

upti

on

fie

ldN

umb

er o

f in

itia

tive

s fu

nd

ed

Am

oun

t al

loca

ted

to

th

e in

itia

tive

1 in

itia

tive

fun

ded

€50,

000

Non

e

0

MEA

EEn

d

2024

4.1.

3 Su

pp

ort

ing

the

pro

cess

of

imp

rovi

ng

the

stat

us

of

wh

istl

e-b

low

ers

in p

artn

er c

oun

trie

sN

umb

er o

f p

roje

cts

on

th

is is

sue

2 p

roje

cts

No

sup

po

rt o

n t

his

issu

eA

FD a

nd

Exp

erti

se

Fran

ceEn

d

2030

4.2.

1 En

suri

ng t

he e

ffec

tive

ness

of t

he n

ew v

alid

atio

n

syst

ems

for

the

imp

lem

enta

tion

of t

he E

ITI s

tand

ard

an

d e

ncou

ragi

ng e

nhan

ced

mon

itor

ing

of h

ow

coun

trie

s’ co

mm

itm

ents

are

bei

ng h

onou

red

. Thi

s w

ork

will

be

carr

ied

out

as

par

t of

the

Val

idat

ion

C

omm

itte

e, w

ith

Fran

ce b

ecom

ing

a m

emb

er in

202

1 an

d a

mem

ber

of t

he B

oard

in 2

022

The

EITI

Boa

rd h

as ju

st a

pp

rove

d t

he re

vise

d

valid

atio

n p

roce

ss (a

pro

cess

tha

t ev

alua

tes

coun

trie

s’

com

plia

nce

wit

h th

e st

and

ard

), in

ord

er t

o b

ette

r re

flect

the

leve

l of s

tand

ard

com

plia

nce,

by

usin

g a

num

eric

al s

core

, and

to

enab

le n

atio

nal m

ulti

-par

ty

grou

ps (g

over

nmen

ts, c

ompa

nies

and

CSO

s) t

o

app

rop

riate

it m

ore

fully

. Thi

s ne

w s

yste

m w

ill c

ome

into

forc

e on

1 A

pril

202

2

Num

ber

of

ora

l an

d

wri

tten

co

ntr

ibut

ion

s fr

om

Fra

nce

, to

en

cour

age

enh

ance

d

mo

nit

ori

ng

2021

: 1 o

ral o

r w

ritt

en

con

trib

utio

n f

rom

Fra

nce

on

en

han

ced

mo

nit

ori

ng

2022

: 1 a

dd

itio

nal

co

ntr

ibut

ion

The

new

sys

tem

has

not

b

een

intr

od

uced

yet

MEA

E/D

GM

/Su

stai

nab

le

Dev

elo

pm

ent

Dire

cto

rate

(DD

D)/

GO

UV

End

20

22

4.2.

2 En

suri

ng

that

th

e in

dep

end

ent

eval

uati

on

is

actu

ally

imp

lem

ente

d a

nd

th

at t

he

reco

mm

end

atio

ns

that

der

ive

fro

m it

are

im

ple

men

ted

by

the

EIT

I In

Oct

ober

202

0 an

d o

n th

e in

itia

tive

of

EITI

su

pp

orti

ng c

ount

ries

, inc

lud

ing

Fran

ce, t

he B

oard

ap

pro

ved

the

pri

ncip

le o

f a

two

-fol

d in

dep

end

ent

eval

uati

on o

f th

e IT

IE, t

o ev

alua

te b

oth

its

imp

act

in

coun

trie

s an

d t

he w

ork

of it

s in

tern

atio

nal s

ecre

tari

at

Ind

epen

den

t ev

alua

tio

n c

om

ple

ted

1 in

dep

end

ent

eval

uati

on

co

mp

lete

d E

valu

atio

n to

com

eM

EAE/

DG

M/D

DD

/G

OU

VEn

d

2025


4.2.

3 Su

pp

ort

ing

the

imp

lem

enta

tio

n o

f th

e EI

TI

stan

dar

d in

dev

elo

pin

g p

rod

ucin

g co

untr

ies

and

co

nso

lidat

ing

cap

acit

y in

civ

il so

ciet

y

Num

ber

of

pro

ject

s an

d c

on

trib

utio

ns

to

fun

ds

for

tran

spar

ency

in t

he

ind

ustr

y

2 b

ilate

ral o

r re

gio

nal

sup

po

rt

pro

ject

s fo

r go

vern

men

ts a

nd

/o

r ci

vil s

oci

ety

1 b

ilate

ral p

roje

ct

1 co

ntrib

utio

n: o

n 23

July

20

20, F

ranc

e si

gned

an

ag

reem

ent w

ith th

e W

orld

Ba

nk fo

r a €

5 m

co

ntrib

utio

n to

the

Extr

activ

es G

lob

al

Prog

ram

mat

ic S

upp

ort

trus

t fun

d, p

riorit

y fo

r w

hich

is g

iven

to in

com

e tr

ansp

aren

cy a

spec

ts a

nd

the

imp

lem

enta

tion

of

the

EITI

sta

ndar

d

AFD

, MEA

E/D

GM

/D

DD

/GO

UV

an

d

MEF

/Dir

ecto

rate

G

ener

al o

f th

e Tr

easu

ry

End

20

25

4.3.

1 A

ssis

tin

g p

artn

er c

oun

trie

s in

th

e im

ple

men

tati

on

of

app

rop

riat

e le

gal a

nd

in

stit

utio

nal

fra

mew

ork

s w

ith

reg

ard

to

PPP

s

Num

ber

of c

oun

trie

s as

sist

ed in

the

im

ple

men

tati

on,

am

end

men

t o

r rev

isio

n

of t

heir

PPP

fram

ewo

rk

2 co

untr

ies

sup

po

rted

2020

: 5 p

artn

ers

assi

sted

ov

er th

e 20

14-2

020

per

iod

Ex

per

tise

Fra

nce

, A

FD a

nd

MEF

/D

irec

tora

te G

ener

al

of

the

Trea

sury

End

20

30

4.3.

2 A

ssis

tin

g p

ublic

pro

ject

ow

ner

s in

th

e d

evel

op

men

t o

f PP

P p

roje

cts

Num

ber

of

pro

ject

o

wn

ers

assi

sted

in

pro

ject

pla

nn

ing

and

p

rocu

rem

ent

6 p

roje

ct o

wn

ers

sup

po

rted

2020

: 2 p

roje

ct o

wne

rs

assi

sted

ove

r the

201

8-20

20 p

erio

d

Exp

erti

se F

ran

ce

and

AFD

, wit

h

sup

po

rt f

rom

th

e A

FA

End

20

30

4.3.

3 Bu

ildin

g au

tho

riti

es’ c

apac

ity

wit

h r

egar

d t

o

mo

nit

ori

ng

PPPs

(in

clud

ing

SAIs

an

d r

egul

atio

n

auth

ori

ties

)

Num

ber

of

auth

ori

ties

ass

iste

d3

auth

ori

ties

ass

iste

d1

SAI b

enef

ited

from

suc

h

sup

por

t in

2019

1 re

gula

tion

auth

ority

as

sist

ed o

ver t

he 2

019-

2020

per

iod

Co

ur d

es C

om

pte

s,

AFA

, Exp

erti

se

Fran

ce a

nd

AFD

End

20

24

4.4.

1 Pu

blic

pro

cure

men

t: c

on

tin

uin

g Fr

ance

’s

invo

lvem

ent

in t

he

MA

PS in

itia

tive

Part

icip

atio

n fr

om

Fr

ance

in t

he

init

iati

ve’s

ste

erin

g co

mm

itte

es

Num

ber

of

Fren

ch

ISEs

in t

he

init

iati

ve’s

se

cret

aria

t

Num

ber

of c

oun

trie

s ha

ving

ben

efit

ed fr

om

a

MA

PS e

valu

atio

n

wit

h th

e su

pp

ort

of a

Fr

ench

par

tner

Part

icip

atio

n f

rom

Fra

nce

in

100%

of

the

MA

PS s

teer

ing

com

mit

tees

1 IS

E

3 co

untr

ies

ben

efit

ed f

rom

a

MA

PS e

valu

atio

n

Part

icip

atio

n fr

om F

ranc

e in

100

% o

f the

MA

PS

stee

ring

com

mitt

ees

Non

e

Non

e

MEA

E

MEA

E

Exp

erti

se F

ran

ce

and

AFD

End

20

23

End

20

23

End

20

30

4.4.

2 Pu

blic

pro

cure

men

t: p

rom

otin

g le

gal f

ram

ewor

ks

and

inst

rum

ents

to re

info

rce

inte

grit

y an

d t

rans

pare

ncy

in p

ublic

pro

cure

men

t

Num

ber

of c

oun

trie

s su

pp

ort

ed in

d

evel

op

ing

thei

r p

ublic

pro

cure

men

t fr

amew

ork

At

leas

t o

ne

coun

try

sup

po

rted

in d

evel

op

ing

its

pub

lic p

rocu

rem

ent

fram

ewo

rk

2020

: Non

eA

FD, E

xper

tise

Fr

ance

an

d A

FAEn

d

2030


4.2.

3 Su

pp

ort

ing

the

imp

lem

enta

tio

n o

f th

e EI

TI

stan

dar

d in

dev

elo

pin

g p

rod

ucin

g co

untr

ies

and

co

nso

lidat

ing

cap

acit

y in

civ

il so

ciet

y

Num

ber

of

pro

ject

s an

d c

on

trib

utio

ns

to

fun

ds

for

tran

spar

ency

in t

he

ind

ustr

y

2 b

ilate

ral o

r re

gio

nal

sup

po

rt

pro

ject

s fo

r go

vern

men

ts a

nd

/o

r ci

vil s

oci

ety

1 b

ilate

ral p

roje

ct

1 co

ntrib

utio

n: o

n 23

July

20

20, F

ranc

e si

gned

an

ag

reem

ent w

ith th

e W

orld

Ba

nk fo

r a €

5 m

co

ntrib

utio

n to

the

Extr

activ

es G

lob

al

Prog

ram

mat

ic S

upp

ort

trus

t fun

d, p

riorit

y fo

r w

hich

is g

iven

to in

com

e tr

ansp

aren

cy a

spec

ts a

nd

the

imp

lem

enta

tion

of

the

EITI

sta

ndar

d

AFD

, MEA

E/D

GM

/D

DD

/GO

UV

an

d

MEF

/Dir

ecto

rate

G

ener

al o

f th

e Tr

easu

ry

End

20

25

4.3.

1 A

ssis

tin

g p

artn

er c

oun

trie

s in

th

e im

ple

men

tati

on

of

app

rop

riat

e le

gal a

nd

in

stit

utio

nal

fra

mew

ork

s w

ith

reg

ard

to

PPP

s

Num

ber

of c

oun

trie

s as

sist

ed in

the

im

ple

men

tati

on,

am

end

men

t o

r rev

isio

n

of t

heir

PPP

fram

ewo

rk

2 co

untr

ies

sup

po

rted

2020

: 5 p

artn

ers

assi

sted

ov

er th

e 20

14-2

020

per

iod

Ex

per

tise

Fra

nce

, A

FD a

nd

MEF

/D

irec

tora

te G

ener

al

of

the

Trea

sury

End

20

30

4.3.

2 A

ssis

tin

g p

ublic

pro

ject

ow

ner

s in

th

e d

evel

op

men

t o

f PP

P p

roje

cts

Num

ber

of

pro

ject

o

wn

ers

assi

sted

in

pro

ject

pla

nn

ing

and

p

rocu

rem

ent

6 p

roje

ct o

wn

ers

sup

po

rted

2020

: 2 p

roje

ct o

wne

rs

assi

sted

ove

r the

201

8-20

20 p

erio

d

Exp

erti

se F

ran

ce

and

AFD

, wit

h

sup

po

rt f

rom

th

e A

FA

End

20

30

4.3.

3 Bu

ildin

g au

tho

riti

es’ c

apac

ity

wit

h r

egar

d t

o

mo

nit

ori

ng

PPPs

(in

clud

ing

SAIs

an

d r

egul

atio

n

auth

ori

ties

)

Num

ber

of

auth

ori

ties

ass

iste

d3

auth

ori

ties

ass

iste

d1

SAI b

enef

ited

from

suc

h

sup

por

t in

2019

1 re

gula

tion

auth

ority

as

sist

ed o

ver t

he 2

019-

2020

per

iod

Co

ur d

es C

om

pte

s,

AFA

, Exp

erti

se

Fran

ce a

nd

AFD

End

20

24

4.4.

1 Pu

blic

pro

cure

men

t: c

on

tin

uin

g Fr

ance

’s

invo

lvem

ent

in t

he

MA

PS in

itia

tive

Part

icip

atio

n fr

om

Fr

ance

in t

he

init

iati

ve’s

ste

erin

g co

mm

itte

es

Num

ber

of

Fren

ch

ISEs

in t

he

init

iati

ve’s

se

cret

aria

t

Num

ber

of c

oun

trie

s ha

ving

ben

efit

ed fr

om

a

MA

PS e

valu

atio

n

wit

h th

e su

pp

ort

of a

Fr

ench

par

tner

Part

icip

atio

n f

rom

Fra

nce

in

100%

of

the

MA

PS s

teer

ing

com

mit

tees

1 IS

E

3 co

untr

ies

ben

efit

ed f

rom

a

MA

PS e

valu

atio

n

Part

icip

atio

n fr

om F

ranc

e in

100

% o

f the

MA

PS

stee

ring

com

mitt

ees

Non

e

Non

e

MEA

E

MEA

E

Exp

erti

se F

ran

ce

and

AFD

End

20

23

End

20

23

End

20

30

4.4.

2 Pu

blic

pro

cure

men

t: p

rom

otin

g le

gal f

ram

ewor

ks

and

inst

rum

ents

to re

info

rce

inte

grit

y an

d t

rans

pare

ncy

in p

ublic

pro

cure

men

t

Num

ber

of c

oun

trie

s su

pp

ort

ed in

d

evel

op

ing

thei

r p

ublic

pro

cure

men

t fr

amew

ork

At

leas

t o

ne

coun

try

sup

po

rted

in d

evel

op

ing

its

pub

lic p

rocu

rem

ent

fram

ewo

rk

2020

: Non

eA

FD, E

xper

tise

Fr

ance

an

d A

FAEn

d

2030

4.4.

3 Pu

blic

pro

cure

men

t: R

ein

forc

ing

aud

it b

od

ies

Num

ber

of

aud

it

bo

die

s as

sist

ed

(Dep

artm

ent

for

Pub

lic P

rocu

rem

ent,

Pu

blic

Pro

cure

men

t Re

gula

tio

n A

gen

cy -

AR

MP

- an

d o

ther

s)

At

leas

t 3

bo

die

s as

sist

ed20

20: 2

bo

die

s as

sist

ed

over

the

2016

-202

0 p

erio

d

AFD

an

d E

xper

tise

Fr

ance

End

20

30

4.4.

4 Pu

blic

pro

cure

men

t: m

akin

g a

stro

nger

ap

pea

l to

Fre

nch

com

pan

ies

on

the

issu

e o

f co

rrup

tio

n in

p

ublic

pro

cure

men

t: a

war

enes

s-ra

isin

g p

roje

cts

men

tio

ned

in a

ctio

n 7.

3.1

will

incl

ude

a sp

ecif

ic p

ublic

p

rocu

rem

ent

com

po

nent

Pub

lic p

rocu

rem

ent

com

po

nen

t in

aw

aren

ess-

rais

ing

exer

cise

s fo

r em

bas

sies

100%

of

awar

enes

s-ra

isin

g ex

erci

ses

incl

ude

a p

ublic

p

rocu

rem

ent

com

po

nen

t

Rais

ing

awar

enes

s of

co

rrup

tion

in p

ublic

p

rocu

rem

ent i

s no

t sy

stem

atic

Trad

e se

rvic

es, w

ith

su

pp

ort

fro

m t

he

AFA

End

20

30

4.4.

5 Pu

blic

pro

cure

men

t: e

nco

urag

ing

dig

ital

p

urch

asin

g o

r e-

pro

cure

men

tN

umb

er o

f co

untr

ies

assi

sted

wit

h re

gard

to

pub

lic

e-p

rocu

rem

ent

Num

ber

of

coun

trie

s h

avin

g b

enef

ited

fr

om

a p

rese

nta

tio

n

of

the

PLA

CE

too

l

At

leas

t tw

o c

oun

trie

s h

ave

ben

efit

ed f

rom

sup

po

rt20

20: 1

A

FD, E

xper

tise

Fr

ance

, wit

h

sup

po

rt f

rom

th

e A

FA

End

20

30

Spec

ific

ob

ject

ive

5: E

nco

urag

ing

law

en

forc

emen

t co

op

erat

ion

wit

h a

vie

w t

o r

aisi

ng

the

com

pet

ency

leve

l of

the

acto

rs d

edic

ated

to

co

mb

atin

g co

rrup

tio

n

5.1

Incl

udin

g tr

ain

ing

on

eth

ics

in la

w e

nfo

rcem

ent

coo

per

atio

n p

roje

cts

fun

ded

by

Fran

ce, a

s fa

r as

is

po

ssib

le, a

nd

en

cour

agin

g th

e im

ple

men

tati

on

of

eth

ical

co

des

, gui

dan

ce o

r ch

arte

rs

Num

ber

of

trai

nin

g p

rogr

amm

es c

arri

ed

out

per

yea

r

Num

ber

of

civi

l se

rvan

ts t

rain

ed

1 p

rogr

amm

e p

er y

ear

7 ci

vil s

erva

nts

tra

ined

No

mon

itorin

g of

eth

ics

trai

ning

in c

oop

erat

ion

p

roje

cts

MIN

JUST

, Exp

erti

se

Fran

ce, E

NM

, M

ININ

T a

nd

Civ

ipo

l

End

20

30

5.2

Sup

por

ting

pol

ice

trai

ning

sch

ool

s an

d p

artn

er

Stat

es in

dev

elop

ing

cour

ses

on in

tegr

ity

and

the

fig

ht

agai

nst

corr

upti

on

Num

ber

of

coo

per

atio

n p

roje

cts

carr

ied

out

5 co

op

erat

ion

pro

ject

sTh

e nu

mb

er o

f act

ive

cour

ses

is n

ot m

onito

red

MIN

INT,

Civ

ipo

l an

d E

xper

tise

Fr

ance

2030

2030

5.3

Sup

po

rtin

g th

e b

od

ies

that

pro

vid

e in

tern

al a

nd

ex

tern

al m

on

ito

rin

g o

f n

atio

nal

po

lice

forc

es in

o

rder

to

rei

nfo

rce

dis

cip

linar

y m

easu

res

and

en

sure

th

at s

anct

ion

s ar

e ap

plie

d

Num

ber

of

coop

erat

ion

pro

ject

s in

volv

ing

the

exp

ertis

e of

the

Nat

iona

l G

end

arm

erie

In

spec

tora

te(IG

GN

) an

d th

e N

atio

nal P

olic

e In

spec

tora

te(IG

PN)

A p

roje

ct is

car

ried

out

in

each

co

untr

y co

vere

d b

y th

e p

revi

ous

act

ion

2019

: 11

pro

ject

s

2020

: 1 p

roje

ct

MIN

INT,

Civ

ipo

l an

d E

xper

tise

Fr

ance

2030

5.4

Sup

po

rtin

g th

e im

ple

men

tati

on

of

trai

nin

g p

rogr

amm

es f

or

po

lice

forc

es w

ith

jud

icia

l po

wer

Num

ber

of

trai

nin

g p

rogr

amm

es s

et u

p3

pro

gram

mes

set

up

No

mon

itorin

g of

trai

ning

p

rogr

amm

es s

et u

p w

ith

Fren

ch a

ssis

tanc

e

Inte

rnal

sec

urit

y se

rvic

es fo

r em

bas

sies

, wo

rkin

g w

ith

the

ENM

in t

he

case

of t

rain

ing

for

jud

icia

ry o

ffic

ials

2026


5.5

Off

erin

g o

ur L

atin

Am

eric

an p

artn

ers

trai

nin

g p

rogr

amm

es o

n s

eizi

ng

crim

inal

ass

ets,

th

e re

sear

ch, a

nal

ysis

an

d u

se o

f in

form

atio

n w

ith

re

gard

to

co

rrup

tio

n, i

ncl

udin

g sp

ecia

l in

vest

igat

ive

tech

niq

ues

(suc

h a

s w

iret

app

ing

and

infi

ltra

tio

n)

and

on

inte

llige

nce

(fin

anci

al a

sset

an

d il

licit

en

rich

men

t in

vest

igat

ion)

Num

ber

of

trai

nin

g p

rogr

amm

es c

arri

ed

out

3 p

rogr

amm

es c

arri

ed o

ut20

20: n

o su

ch

pro

gram

mes

MIN

JUST

, Lat

in

Am

eric

an e

mb

assi

es’

inte

rnal

sec

urity

se

rvic

es, w

orki

ng w

ith

the

Fren

ch N

atio

nal

Fina

ncia

l Pro

secu

tor's

O

ffic

e, th

e A

genc

y fo

r the

Rec

over

y an

d

Man

agem

ent o

f Se

ized

and

C

onfis

cate

d A

sset

s (A

GRA

SC),

Trac

fin,

the

Cen

tral

Off

ice

for

the

Figh

t aga

inst

C

orru

ptio

n an

d

Fina

ncia

l and

Tax

C

rime

(OC

LCIF

F) a

nd

the

cent

ral o

ffic

e d

edic

ated

to th

e p

olic

ing

of s

erio

us

finan

cial

crim

es

(OC

RGD

F) o

f the

M

ININ

T an

d th

e EN

M

End

20

24

5.6

Reg

ular

ly o

rgan

izin

g co

nti

nui

ng

trai

nin

g se

ssio

ns

for

jud

ges,

an

ti-c

orr

upti

on

aut

ho

riti

es’ s

taff

an

d

po

lice

off

icer

s, o

nlin

e o

r in

per

son

, on

th

e d

etec

tio

n, p

reve

nti

on

an

d p

olic

ing

of

corr

upti

on

, an

d c

om

mun

icat

ing

them

to

em

bas

sies

in t

arge

t co

untr

ies

Num

ber

of

sess

ion

s o

rgan

ized

an

d

num

ber

of

fore

ign

p

arti

cip

ants

3 tr

ain

ing

sess

ion

s o

rgan

ized

15 f

ore

ign

par

tici

pan

ts

Firs

t se

ssio

n o

rgan

ized

fr

om

16

to 2

0 N

ovem

ber

(E

NM

/AFA

par

tner

ship

)

The

AFA

and

the

Nat

iona

l C

ente

r fo

r Lo

cal

Gov

ernm

ent

(CN

FPT)

ha

ve d

evel

op

ed a

n o

nlin

e co

urse

on

the

pre

vent

ion

of

co

rrup

tio

n in

the

m

anag

emen

t of

loca

l p

ublic

aff

airs

Sinc

e 20

18, t

his

cour

se

has

bee

n fo

llow

ed b

y m

ore

tha

n 24

,000

peo

ple

, in

clud

ing

man

y fo

reig

n

par

tici

pan

ts a

nd h

as

bee

n ci

rcul

ated

via

the

ne

two

rk o

f lia

iso

n ju

dge

s

Spec

ialis

t tr

aini

ng

No

inve

stig

ato

rs t

rain

ed

MIN

JUST

, EN

M a

nd

EN

A

End

20

30


Spec

ific

ob

ject

ive

6: R

ein

forc

ing

colla

bo

rati

on

wit

h in

tern

atio

nal

org

aniz

atio

ns

6.1

Rei

nfo

rcin

g in

stit

utio

nal

rel

atio

ns

and

co

op

erat

ion

am

on

g d

on

or

inve

stig

ativ

e te

ams,

w

hic

h w

ork

to

war

ds

pro

mo

tin

g th

e h

igh

est

stan

dar

ds

of

inte

grit

y

Co

op

erat

ion

ag

reem

ents

am

on

g d

on

or

inve

stig

ativ

e te

ams

sign

ed

2 ad

dit

iona

l agr

eem

ents

sig

ned

Non

e

AFA

: 3 (w

ith th

e Eu

rope

an

Dev

elop

men

t Ban

k, th

e In

ter-A

mer

ican

D

evel

opm

ent B

ank

and

the

Afr

ican

Dev

elop

men

t Ban

k)

AFD

AFA

End

20

21

6.2.

1 In

itia

ting

dis

cuss

ions

to re

info

rce

coop

erat

ion

b

etw

een

Fran

ce a

nd t

he O

rgan

izat

ion

of A

mer

ican

St

ates

(OA

S)Th

e fig

ht a

gain

st c

orru

pti

on is

a v

ital

com

pon

ent

in t

he

exer

cise

of d

emoc

rati

c p

ower

, ens

hrin

ed in

the

Inte

r-A

mer

ican

Dem

ocra

tic

Cha

rter

. It

is t

here

fore

a k

ey

issu

e fo

r all

OA

S m

emb

er S

tate

s.Th

e O

rgan

izat

ion

com

bats

cor

rup

tion

via

a ra

nge

of

acti

viti

es, i

nclu

din

g th

e Fo

llow

-Up

Mec

hani

sm fo

r the

Im

ple

men

tati

on o

f the

Inte

r-Am

eric

an C

onve

ntio

n

agai

nst

Cor

rup

tion

(MES

ICIC

I) an

d t

he H

emis

phe

ric

Net

wor

k fo

r Leg

al C

oop

erat

ion

on C

rimin

al M

atte

rs

(cre

ated

as

par

t o

f th

e M

eeti

ngs

of

Min

iste

rs o

f Ju

stic

e o

f th

e A

mer

icas

- R

EMJA

).Fr

ance

will

th

us b

e ab

le t

o p

rom

ote

co

op

erat

ion

b

etw

een

Fre

nch

act

ors

an

d r

elev

ant

OA

S d

epar

tmen

ts.

Num

ber

of

dis

cuss

ion

s w

ith

th

e O

AS

1 d

iscu

ssio

n w

ith

th

e O

AS

No

disc

ussi

ons

MEA

EEn

d

2022

6.2.

2 R

ein

forc

ing

colla

bo

rati

on

wit

h t

he

Co

unci

l of

Euro

pe

(Gro

up o

f St

ates

aga

inst

Co

rrup

tio

n -

GR

ECO

) on

th

is is

sue

Num

ber

of

exch

ange

s w

ith

th

e G

REC

O w

ith

a

view

to

eva

luat

ing

colla

bo

rati

on

p

oss

ibili

ties

1 ex

chan

ge w

ith

th

e G

REC

O

Firs

t exc

hang

e on

this

iss

ue a

s p

art o

f the

d

raft

ing

of th

e st

rate

gy

MEA

EEn

d

2030

Spec

ific

ob

ject

ive

7: R

ein

forc

ing

colla

bo

rati

on

wit

h n

on

-sta

te a

cto

rs

7.1.1

Par

tner

ship

s w

ith

CSO

s: id

enti

fyin

g re

leva

nt

acto

rs in

th

e fi

ght

agai

nst

co

rrup

tio

n a

s p

art

of

the

“Per

son

alit

ies

of

the

Futu

re”

pro

gram

me

Num

ber

of

acto

rs

iden

tifi

ed3

acto

rs id

enti

fied

An

ti-c

orr

upti

on

act

ors

ar

e so

met

imes

id

enti

fied

but

th

is is

no

t a

pri

ori

ty

SCA

CEn

d

2030

7.1.2

Par

tner

ship

wit

h C

SOs:

en

cour

agin

g C

SOs

to

enga

ge in

pro

gram

mes

an

d p

roje

cts

Num

ber

of a

nti-

corr

upti

on

p

rogr

amm

es in

volv

ing

CSO

s th

at a

re a

ctiv

e in

co

mb

atin

g co

rrup

tio

n

CSO

s in

volv

ed in

at

leas

t 3

pro

gram

mes

2020

: 2 (i

nclu

din

g PA

GO

F)A

FD, E

xper

tise

Fr

ance

an

d C

FIEn

d

2030

7.2

Fund

ing

pro

ject

s th

at e

nab

le c

ivil

soci

ety

mem

ber

s to

ana

lyse

doc

umen

ts p

ublis

hed

by

loca

l aut

horit

ies,

es

pec

ially

by

usin

g m

edia

and

info

rmat

ion

tech

nolo

gy

(“ci

vic

tech

”)

Num

ber

of

pro

ject

s fu

nd

ed2

pro

ject

s fu

nd

edPa

rtic

ipat

ion

in t

he

Inte

rnat

ion

al B

udge

t Pa

rtn

ersh

ip s

ince

201

6

AFD

, CFI

an

d M

EAE

End

20

24


7.3

Org

aniz

ing

an a

nnua

l aw

aren

ess-

rais

ing

exer

cise

on

an

ti-c

orru

pti

on is

sues

, esp

ecia

lly w

ith

rega

rd t

o th

e Sa

pin

2 A

ct, f

or t

he b

enef

it o

f Fre

nch

com

pan

ies,

via

th

eir

rep

rese

ntat

ive

bo

die

s (C

CI,

CC

EF, C

CIP

, MED

EF

inte

rnat

iona

l, C

PME

and

CIA

N) a

nd F

renc

h

gove

rnm

ent

agen

cies

in e

ach

of F

ranc

e’s

pri

orit

y co

untr

ies;

sup

por

ting

the

m in

the

ir e

ffor

t to

ap

pro

pri

ate

anti

-cor

rup

tion

mec

hani

sms.

Num

ber

of

awar

enes

s-ra

isin

g ex

erci

ses

per

yea

r an

d p

er c

oun

try

1 aw

aren

ess-

rais

ing

exer

cise

p

er y

ear

in F

ran

ce’s

pri

ori

ty

coun

trie

s fo

r d

evel

op

men

t as

sist

ance

Rais

ing

the

awar

enes

s o

f Fr

ench

co

mp

anie

s,

esp

ecia

lly S

MEs

, no

t sy

stem

atic

Trad

e se

rvic

es,

wo

rkin

g w

ith

th

e A

FA

End

20

30

Spec

ific

ob

ject

ive

8: D

raw

ing

on

loca

l in

stit

uti

on

s an

d in

par

ticu

lar,

on

Sup

rem

e A

udit

Inst

itu

tio

ns

(SA

Is)

8.1

Sup

po

rtin

g p

roje

cts

aim

ing

to r

ein

forc

e SA

Is,

esp

ecia

lly c

on

cern

ing

inve

stig

ativ

e au

dit

Num

ber

of S

AI

rein

forc

ing

pro

ject

s Fr

ance

has

take

n pa

rt in

5 p

roje

cts

Fund

ing

for t

he

Acc

eler

ated

Pee

r-Sup

po

rt

Part

ners

hip

Pro

gram

me

in

2019

and

202

0

MEA

E, A

FD, C

our

t o

f A

udit

an

d

Exp

erti

se F

ran

ce

End

20

30

8.2

Prom

otin

g th

e w

ork

of S

AIs

, wit

h in

stit

utio

nal a

nd

tech

nica

l sup

por

t, in

the

ir au

dit

of i

nter

nati

onal

co

oper

atio

n p

rogr

amm

e fu

ndin

g, b

y d

raw

ing

on

exam

ple

s of

bes

t p

ract

ices

in in

tern

atio

nal

orga

niza

tion

s an

d o

ther

don

or c

ount

ries,

as

wel

l as

in

SAIs

in b

enef

icia

ry c

ount

ries

A b

est

pra

ctic

es

do

cum

ent

is a

vaila

ble

1 d

ocu

men

t d

raft

ed,

app

rove

d a

nd

sh

ared

wit

h

rele

van

t Fr

ench

act

ors

No

do

cum

ents

on

th

is

issu

e av

aila

ble

to

Fre

nch

ac

tors

Co

ur d

es C

om

pte

s;

wo

rk c

arri

ed o

ut

join

tly

wit

h th

e A

FD

gro

up

End

20

24

8.3

Sup

po

rtin

g co

llab

ora

tio

n a

mo

ng

SAIs

, an

ti-

corr

upti

on

an

d ju

dic

ial a

uth

ori

ties

Num

ber

of

pro

ject

s un

der

take

n w

ith

a

view

to

gre

ater

d

ialo

gue

amo

ng

inst

itut

ion

s

3 p

roje

cts

No

ded

icat

ed p

roje

cts

MEA

E, C

our

t o

f A

udit

an

d A

FAEn

d

2030


7.3

Org

aniz

ing

an a

nnua

l aw

aren

ess-

rais

ing

exer

cise

on

an

ti-c

orru

pti

on is

sues

, esp

ecia

lly w

ith

rega

rd t

o th

e Sa

pin

2 A

ct, f

or t

he b

enef

it o

f Fre

nch

com

pan

ies,

via

th

eir

rep

rese

ntat

ive

bo

die

s (C

CI,

CC

EF, C

CIP

, MED

EF

inte

rnat

iona

l, C

PME

and

CIA

N) a

nd F

renc

h

gove

rnm

ent

agen

cies

in e

ach

of F

ranc

e’s

pri

orit

y co

untr

ies;

sup

por

ting

the

m in

the

ir e

ffor

t to

ap

pro

pri

ate

anti

-cor

rup

tion

mec

hani

sms.

Num

ber

of

awar

enes

s-ra

isin

g ex

erci

ses

per

yea

r an

d p

er c

oun

try

1 aw

aren

ess-

rais

ing

exer

cise

p

er y

ear

in F

ran

ce’s

pri

ori

ty

coun

trie

s fo

r d

evel

op

men

t as

sist

ance

Rais

ing

the

awar

enes

s o

f Fr

ench

co

mp

anie

s,

esp

ecia

lly S

MEs

, no

t sy

stem

atic

Trad

e se

rvic

es,

wo

rkin

g w

ith

th

e A

FA

End

20

30

Spec

ific

ob

ject

ive

8: D

raw

ing

on

loca

l in

stit

uti

on

s an

d in

par

ticu

lar,

on

Sup

rem

e A

udit

Inst

itu

tio

ns

(SA

Is)

8.1

Sup

po

rtin

g p

roje

cts

aim

ing

to r

ein

forc

e SA

Is,

esp

ecia

lly c

on

cern

ing

inve

stig

ativ

e au

dit

Num

ber

of S

AI

rein

forc

ing

pro

ject

s Fr

ance

has

take

n pa

rt in

5 p

roje

cts

Fund

ing

for t

he

Acc

eler

ated

Pee

r-Sup

po

rt

Part

ners

hip

Pro

gram

me

in

2019

and

202

0

MEA

E, A

FD, C

our

t o

f A

udit

an

d

Exp

erti

se F

ran

ce

End

20

30

8.2

Prom

otin

g th

e w

ork

of S

AIs

, wit

h in

stit

utio

nal a

nd

tech

nica

l sup

por

t, in

the

ir au

dit

of i

nter

nati

onal

co

oper

atio

n p

rogr

amm

e fu

ndin

g, b

y d

raw

ing

on

exam

ple

s of

bes

t p

ract

ices

in in

tern

atio

nal

orga

niza

tion

s an

d o

ther

don

or c

ount

ries,

as

wel

l as

in

SAIs

in b

enef

icia

ry c

ount

ries

A b

est

pra

ctic

es

do

cum

ent

is a

vaila

ble

1 d

ocu

men

t d

raft

ed,

app

rove

d a

nd

sh

ared

wit

h

rele

van

t Fr

ench

act

ors

No

do

cum

ents

on

th

is

issu

e av

aila

ble

to

Fre

nch

ac

tors

Co

ur d

es C

om

pte

s;

wo

rk c

arri

ed o

ut

join

tly

wit

h th

e A

FD

gro

up

End

20

24

8.3

Sup

po

rtin

g co

llab

ora

tio

n a

mo

ng

SAIs

, an

ti-

corr

upti

on

an

d ju

dic

ial a

uth

ori

ties

Num

ber

of

pro

ject

s un

der

take

n w

ith

a

view

to

gre

ater

d

ialo

gue

amo

ng

inst

itut

ion

s

3 p

roje

cts

No

ded

icat

ed p

roje

cts

MEA

E, C

our

t o

f A

udit

an

d A

FAEn

d

2030

Acronyms and abbreviations

AFA French Anti-Corruption Agency

AFD Agence Française de Développement

AfDB African Development Bank

AGRASC Agency for the Recovery and Management of Seized and Confiscated Assets

ARMP Public Procurement Regulation Agency

CCEF French Foreign Trade Advisors

CCI Chamber of Commerce and Industry

CCIP Paris International Chamber of Commerce

CFI Canal France International

CIAN French Council of Investors in Africa

CICID Interministerial Committee for International Cooperation and Development

CNFPT National Center for Local Government

COSEC Co-Secretariat

COTEC Technical Committee

CPME Confederation of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises

CSO Civil Society Organization

DAC OECD Development Assistance Committee

DDD Sustainable Development Directorate (MEAE)

DG Trésor Directorate-General of the Treasury (MEFR)

DGM Directorate-General for Global Affairs (MEAE)

EGPS Extractives Global Programmatic Support

EITI Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative

ENA École Nationale d’Administration

ENM French National School for the Judiciary

EU European Union

G20

Group of Twenty (Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Germany, France, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States), and the European Union

G7Group of Seven (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, United States), and the European Union

GDP Gross Domestic Product

GRECO Group of States against Corruption

HATVP High Authority for Transparency in Public Life

IADB Inter-American Development Bank

IGGN National Gendarmerie Inspectorate

IGPN National Police Inspectorate

INTOSAI International Organization of Supreme Audit Institution

IO International Organization

ISE Intermediate-Sized Enterprises

MAPS Methodology for Assessing Procurement Systems

MEAE Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs

MEDEF French Business Confederation

MEFR Ministry of the Economy, Finance and the Recovery

32 France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030

MESICICFollow-Up Mechanism for the Implementation of the Inter-American Convention against Corruption

MININT Ministry of the Interior

MINJUST Ministry of Justice

OBS Open Budget Survey

OCLCIFF Central Office for the Fight against Corruption and Financial and Tax Crime

OCRGDF Central Office for the Repression of Large-Scale Financial Crime

ODA Official Development Assistance

OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

OAS Organization of American States

PAGOF Open Government Support Program in Francophone Developing Countries

OGP Open Government Partnership

REMJA Meetings of Ministers of Justice of the Americas

SAI Supreme Audit Institution

SCAC Cooperation and Cultural Action Service (in French embassies)

SDG Sustainable Development Goal

SGAE General Secretariat for European Affairs

SME Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise

SO Specific Objective

UN United Nations

UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law

Strategy report

France’s anti-corruption strategy in its cooperation action (2021 -2030)

The World Bank and the World Economic Forum estimate that bribery and misappropriated funds amount to $3.6 trillion every year, representing 5% of global GDP. Corruption affects the State’s capacity to provide high-quality services, by placing obstacles in the way of the equitable and effective distribution of goods and services. It also contributes to greater inequality and erodes citizens’ trust in government institutions and representatives. Corruption undermines the rule of law and represents an obstacle to the fulfillment of human rights. It is a contributing factor to crisis and vulnerability and has a negative impact on security and stability, nationally, regionally and internationally.

This is the background for this French strategy, the aim of which is to ensure the overall coherence of all the actions undertaken abroad by French cooperation actors in the fight against corruption.

Drawing on consultation with many French and international stakeholders, the strategy has three thrusts of action:1. Reinforcing the French approach to combating corruption;2. Promoting the fight against corruption and reinforcing governance in international

cooperation;3. Supporting the work of international organizations, non-state actors and local

institutions.

The strategy includes an “accountability framework”, so that the implementation of the strategy can be monitored in accordance with international best practices. Monitoring activities and indicators have been identified for each of the strategy’s objectives. They will serve to make a tangible evaluation of the progress achieved.

The implementation of the strategy will be evaluated five years after its publication and again in 2030.

© MEAE 2021

Ministry for Europe and Foreign AffairsDirectorate-General for Globalization, Culture, Education and International DevelopmentDirectorate for sustainable development

Graphic design: Nathalie Wegener Cover : © ShutterstockPrinting: Reprography department of MEAE – DIL – La Courneuve

france’s anti-corruption strategy in its cooperation

Documents