FRANCEOne-third of WASH financing is pledged for sanitation projects. AFD also pledges to include a hygiene promotion component in WASH programmes when possible, markedly increasing the share of projects with this type of activity. AFD also has a priority to improve the environmental state of the Mediterranean Sea through the implementation of wastewater treatment facilities.

Specific areas of support for WASH include: support to sustainable public policies in WASH sector; water resources preservation through demand management, leakage reduction, wastewater re-use, actions towards integrated water resources management (IWRM); access to water and sanitation services through infrastructure extension and rehabilitation and support to operators; drainage.

Specific TargetEach year between 2010 and 2012, AFD aimed to provide 800,000 people with sustainable access to drinking water; provide 500,000 people with sustainable access to sanitation; improve the quality of drinking water supply system for 2.5 million people; improve the quality of the sanitation system for 1.5 million people.

WASH AID PRIORITIES: DISTRIBUTION OF AID COMMITMENTS (2010–2012)

least developed country

other low income

lower middle income

upper middle income6%

47%

25% 22%

by income group

AFD, the Agence Française de Développement, is a public development finance institution that executes the French government’s development aid policies. In 2012, AFD committed 85% of total French aid volumes towards WASH.

Priority sectors for AFD are education, health, infrastructure, water and sanitation as well as urban and rural development. Priorities are based on the needs of the AFD’s partners in recipient countries and on priorities by the government of France. Water programmes make up about 10% of AFD’s budget with WASH accounting for 80% of the funding of AFD’s water programmes.

WASH is sometimes combined with agriculture (rural development programmes, demand management programmes) or health programmes and education (school latrines) or energy. Some WASH components are part of urban development projects that provide support on several urban services.

AFD finances WASH projects in more than 50 countries. Countries with greatest needs, measured by poverty and/or low coverage for WASH are prioritized.

Projects and programmes financed by AFD are mostly implemented by local partner institutions.

AID POLICY FOR WASH ASPECTS OF WASH AID/TARGETS

AFD is currently financing successful projects in Cambodia, Senegal, Burkina Faso, Tunisia, etc. often due to a long historical presence of AFD in these countries. Project summaries can be found on AFD’s website.

EXAMPLES OF SUCCESS

by mdg region

northern africa western asia

south-eastern asia

sub-saharan africa oceania

southern asia not applicable

latin america and caribbean caucasus and central asia

eastern asia developed countries

0%

0%

2%

8%

0%

10%

49%

21%6%

note: an additional 4% of afd sanitation and water oda is targeted to sector or multi-country programmes

Source: Agence française de développement, 2014

<1%

Source: Agence française de développement, 2014

EXTERNAL S U P P O R T A G E N C Y H

IGH

LIG

HT

S

http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/glaas/en/

700

FOCUS ON EQUITY

For both drinking water and sanitation projects 80% of AFD funding is targeted to urban areas and 20% to rural. For hygiene projects the split is 50/50 urban/rural.

OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY

Operational efficiency of AFD financing has been improved during 2010–2012 period through:

• Cofinancing arrangements: 47% of AFD commitments in the sector were cofinanced;• Capacity building activities: 79% of projects included support activities at three interdependent levels

(individual, organisational and institutional);• Improved accountability; • Promotion of gender approaches.

800

600

500

400

300

200

100

commitment

disbursement

603

163

2010

220

2011

734

342

2012

483

0

wash aid commitments and disbursements(millions euros)1

average commitment

average disbursement

Source: Agence française de développement, 2014

ten highest wash aid recipients, ranked by average commitments, 2010–2012 (millions euros)

86

Cameroon

Morocco

Nigeria

Kenya

Brazil

India

Uganda

United Republic of Tanzania

Colombia

Unspecified, regional

3543

1

25

25

1

38

33

33

32

2811

28

28

AFD provides sector budget support for WASH in Colombia and Mexico. Most AFD funding is project/programme based. Implementation is mostly from three to five years in duration.

PREDICTABILITY

30

13

stephanie leyronas

deputy head of water and sanitation division sustainable development department

french development agency (afd)

5 rue roland barthes, 75012 paris franceco

ntact

deta

ils email: leyronass@afd.fr

tel: +33 1 53444120

FUTURE OUTLOOK

No major changes are expected, with the focus on sanitation continuing to increase so that one third of AFD WASH funding is targeted to sanitation.

ALIGNMENT AND HARMONISATION

grant vs loan 2010–2012

12% Grants.88% Loans.

use of country results frameworks

10% of projects use Country Results Frameworks.use of country procurement systems

AFD uses partner countries’ procurement systems for WASH in all countries it works in provided that the system exists.

Developed and coordinated by the Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Health (WSH) Unit at the World Health Organization (WHO) in preparation for the Sanitation and Water for All (SWA) High-Level Meeting (HLM), April 2014.

Results contained in this ‘ESA Highlights’ have been compiled by the GLAAS External Support Agency (ESA) Focal Point and the GLAAS Team using data estimates and text provided in the responses to the 2013/2014 GLAAS ESA survey, financial data provided by the Agence française de développement (AFD) and interviews conducted with AFD representatives at World Water Week in Stockholm, September 2013.

The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement.

44%

25%31%

basic systems

large systems

other

BASIC VS. LARGE SYSTEMS (2012–2013) NEW VS. EXISTING SERVICES (2012) WATER VS. SANITATION (2012–2013)

Source: Agence française de développement, 2014

In 2010, AFD introduced a pilot approach to evaluate the actual results of projects it finances in WASH sector as opposed to communicating solely on results expected upon financing. Between 2010 and 2012, projects financed by AFD contributed actually each year to: • provide 1.2 million people with sustainable access to

drinking water,• provide 217,000 people with sustainable access to

sanitation,• improve the quality of drinking water supply system

for 3.4 million people,• improve the quality of the sanitation system for

988,000 people.

42%58%

drinking water

sanitation

Source: Agence française de développement, 2014

note:Includes US$ 973 million in commitments for 2012–2013

1 Figures do not include projects financed by AFD in the French Overseas Provinces.

Source: Agence française de développement, 2014

|100

|0

|40

|60

|80

|20

ACCOUNTABILITY

ReportingAFD reports on results of its WASH projects rather than focusing solely on financial reporting1.

2010–2012: AFD has committed an annual average of EUR 607m for water and sanitation in developing countries.

Mutual Assessment ExercisesExamples of countries where AFD projects committed in 2013 are co-financed by a financial partner other than the beneficiary: Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Cameroon, Mali, Mexico, DR Congo, Sri Lanka, Palestine, Zambia.

1 http://www.afd.fr/webdav/site/afd/shared/L_AFD/L_AFD_s_engage/documents/Bilan-CIS-eau-assainissement-2010-2012.pdf

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