Contemporary living in Amsterdam exhibits an unusual and fascmatlllg dynamIc.

The collective life�tyle is changing as a result of thc economIc prosperity, the shortage of urban space,

the general necd for mobility, the firmly entrenched ind!vidualism and phenomena such as

working from homc anti flexlhle working. Against this turhulent background,

Formats (or J.it·mg presems a concise picture of comemporary living ln Amsterdam,

with a provocatJve selection of almosr one hundred floor plans designed m the final

decade of the t\ventieth century. The unIform method of drawing has resulted in a lucid collection of plans,

which for all their apparenr sunplicity contain an encrypted cultural code - a format for lIving.

,

Formats for Living

,I.

Contemporary floor plans

in Amsterdam

Amsterdam Centre for A n.:h Itl'(.:ru rl' ; 1 � ARcAM POCKET � \�"

\ . .

Cover: :iocial rented hOll,in", Vrolibtraar

[nl!i!1k�r, Van di:TT(lrr�, ' 9921

. I

Formats for Living Contemporary {1oorplans in Amsterdam

Edired by Maarten Klaos and Oave Wcndt

ARCAM/Architecrura & Natura Press

i

F.di/MS

.\·Iflurten Kloos. DJvC" Wcndr

!'rodllc:/ivl!

Da,'cWcnđt

1-/oor piali drau'ings

RuuJj()n!;din).;

\'(/;I/; theilHistancc o(

Kent'� Bongt'r, evdinc Keiza

J i:u1T1ah 1.'ld",i);, n;rg;t1� J� Ma",

.\-\anijnrjc van Sdl()()tcn,l)eni,(' Vroliik

Trllnslat�r1 by Jane Zuyl-MO<"lr.:s

Cop), ('diting

r LJ. 5.checpm:lkcr

Drsigll

Typo�raphy Inlt"riority & Other Serious Matters

Prinling

i)rl,lkkl'ril Rob �folk. Amstndam Publisher

A RCAM, in conjunction with

;\ro.:hitt"(:tur.l & Natura l'cess. Amst ... rdam

ISBK 90 7' ;7099 I First pllbli�h..J z.ooo

SCi:ond jmrrc�,ion .1.00 I ::'(Xond rc\';scd edition 20o_,

O Th", :tuthors and A R eA M, !OOO, 1003

CO:XTENTS

7 /"lrod",;:li(JII,.\t1aarrcn Kloos

I I Hoor plans /ielU'en! c<lIwl'Ilfion alld innOImtion,

t\'nud dc Vrcczc

.1.7 Neu' dir('("tions j/, (loor plans for Amsterdam.

Marinus Qu,{cnhrink

-47 Sl'ieded Hoor pluns

49 Sc/('ct/.'d floor I,/mIs '991, introduced by Dick '"an GameTen 65 Sdec:t,:d (I()(}r p/,ms 199). inuoduu:d by V�r:l Yall(w�llfChinsky

ll. Sele,;ted floor p/alis 1 <,194. intrnduccd ll)' Han .\Iichd

\,I� Se/ec/ed floor pl.IIIS 1995196. imroduc�d by F�T FdJer

'1.J Selected flnor plans J 9<,16197, introduced hy Gerard Andcricst"Tl 139 Selected floor p/:ms '<,I9719H, introduced by Liesbcth vali <kr Pol

16 I Se/erlnl (loor p/alis J99HI99.Stateo( A((llirs 1 86 l ,i�1 of �Icctoo floor plans

196 Soun;",!>

1 \,17 fl.ookmark

INTRODU CTION i/

There is an infinite variety of ways in which people can live. There is also an infinite variety of floor plans - at least 111 theory, because 1Il practice there is always a lim­ited number of models on \\'hich variations are made. The wishes of the dient (and sometimes the future occupant), the location, the available budget, the regu­lations \\'hich have to be complied with and the ideas of the architect determine which basic floor plan is used and which variation on the chosen rheme. And with the occupant at the bcgin11lng and the architeet ar the end of this chain it is obviolls why the floor plan occupies a speC1al place in architecture. Yet it appears that the criteria on the basis of which a dwelling is Judged to be good arc not so complex. When, at the end of T999, a new award was launched for the best housing sCheme ) in Amsterdam, it was stated that a Tood dwelling has :1 large t oor area, w ic 1 produces an added value with .1 goa arout, as well as a generous storev height and a � large cxtcrior space. In addition, it should be suitahle

7

1"I'IKODUCIIO"l

for more than one type of household and provide space IL for work functions. .

These criteria tie in with IIlnovarions in dwe1ling in the Netherlands, which in turn are a consequence of new social and economic circumstances. The Dutch

-have become more prosperolIs in recent decades; they l also live longer, marry less and later, have fewer chil­dren and divorce rates are higher. In particular the number of single- and two-person household s has in­

creased over the last thirty years:,. t h c market has changed as a result and continues to change. It is signifi-cant in this tespect that we are heading for a siru ation (Ill 2003) 111 which, for the first time since the Second ) \Vorld War, there wiii be no real housing need in the ( JSetherlands'. From that moment, the market even more tha n is the case a t present -\Vi II di reet its efforts to meeting the reqll1rements of consumers regarding their living situation.

It seemed a good idea in these circumstances to rake a close look ar the housing production in Amsterdam in recent years, especially ar the organization of the indi­vidual dweiiing. The form of a floor plan is of course,

l certainlv in the city, often imposed by the context, and ! "":0 0f!�may say that the..significance of 3 floor plan can

not rea!!v bc explained withQut looking at that context. ln afinost all the publications on the subject, attention is therefore righr!y given to the setting in which the j1uh­lici;.-.ed dwellings arc situated. In this book, by contra st, 3U of the floor plans have been isolated and 111 each case the image answers the question as to what exacdy the individual occupant has when hc or she is at home. This ITlcans that the focus of the discussion is the interior of

1'<"i"KODUCIION

_the dwelling and th3t for e3ch dwelling emphasis is }J \ f p.Jaced on irs specific spatial an� organizational prin­.-f!cles. � 'the selection of floor plans presented herc lS based

on the annual surveys of housing schemes published by Amsterdam's Housing Department (Stedelijke WoningdieT1st Amsterdam). Up until 1992, these sur­veys \vere limited [O social housing; since that ye3r, market-sector housing has also been included. And so SIX volum1110LlS books with hundreds of floor plans, cach represented in the hanchvriting of their respective designers, were available at the start of the process.

Six' experts 111 the field of housing were 111vired TO select the floor plans. Three of them, namely the archi­tects Dick van Gameren of Dc Architectengroep and Liesbeth van der Pol, as well as Han .Vlichel, director of the property developer De Principaal, wcre at that time members of A I{C A .\OI

'S advisory committee. The others

are external experts: Ger3rd Anderiesen, director of the Amstcrdamse Federaric van Woningcorporaties (a federation of housing corporations), architect Vera Yanovshtchinsky and Fer Felder, at the time of this pro­ject employed by the housing corporation Het Oosten. They were each 3sked to choose a ) )roximatel fifteen

..ilQor plans from one of the yearbooks and then explain their chOice 111 <ln 111terview with Dave \Vendr. 1t should be noted that Vera Yanovshtchinsky in particular halL rf serious reservations about the fact rhat the context of the dwellings was 1;;;( taken into consideration. Finally, the six experts were 3sked to select three projects from the 1998/99 yearbook in order to give a state of play at the start of the year 2000.

9

INTRODUCTION

A II of the tloO[ plans 1 II th is book a rc dra W11 to 3 scale of .1:200 and so they can easily he comp3red. Together with Dick van Gameren, Han Michel, Liesbeth van der Pol and Rumi .Jongeling, a cle;n and international method of drawing was chosen, and Rumi Jongeling then drew all of the floor plans as agreed. In the inrro­ductions by Noud dc Vreeze, director of Stichting \Velstandszorg Noord-Holland, and Marinus Oosren­hrink of Amsterdam's Housing Department, attention is focused respectively on the development ;;Tthe floor plan in �leral and a better understanding of the COll­ce t of the city, of \cyhicb in Ihe final analysis all floor

lans arc art. Because the floor plans ill this book have heen

arranged by year and are in the order in which they appear ln the Housing Department's annual surveys, the visual account is a reflection of the developmenr over the last seven years. If the impression is given that the floor lans have become more com )lex, more

,advenrurous and more baroq.u.q, hur t lat, at the sam5:..­time. d\vel1ings are stil! being buih with extreme1y 'simple floor plans, this could point to dltferences or opinion within trle group of experts, ami also to the growing contrasts in the housing production. _ The_ essence of the social relevance, however, alwa 's lies in thc floor plans themse ves. - Each floor plan is a coilcction of guidelines, bur a good floor lan ives the OCCU)<lnt the o ortunit 'to ecl free and is (hus the representation of a paradox a

format for freedom. J

MA ARTEN KLOOS

FLoon PLANS

BETWEEN CONVEl\""TTO�

A N D INNOVATION

Publications about floor plans occup>, an Imponanr place in the history of architecture and housing.

( Cha cs in thc dcmography of household s are reflected in floor plans, an t lev arc t e result o fundarnenta

�onceptions about lifesryles ;1Ild cohabitation. For architects and c1icnrs, thc floor plan is a special design aspect in which practice, conventions and prevailing social conceptions compete with the striving for mod \' ernizat10n and ml1ovat'ion, for adaptation to new

-socio-cu1rural conditions anJ individual architectural and socia-cultural aspirations. ln the Durch housing

--rradlt1on, the government has always concerned itself with the floor plan, via strict and often detailed norms for subsidized housing and via initiatives for research and development, in which government agenC1es ser di fferent socia I priotities in different periods.

.l Quality �There is now a whole set of concepts and notions \vir which the quality of floor plans can be

[

H.OOR PI.AI\S

described. Thus.l a loor lan mUSt bc a taut lucid com· _position of walls ;'Ind rooms.,Wide dwellings are usua -

Ir rated ahave narrow ones. The relationships between :"wowsJ!!usr ill: functional an� dwcllin s must have ad­cquate space: small room dimensions are rate below large room dimemionli.. Thc pasi tion i n of windows

l :-and doors must bc such that there are good possi!'i iries for the layout of the usual domestic functions .. and seE­arate standards c n be Ser for thc various rooms in :1 \ \-dw.Cllins, such as bathrooms, storage space, bedroolTIs and living areas - r instance with re 'ard to minimum

.-width and floor arca. A floor plan must not pro lice • unnecessary obstacles Jar wheelchair llsers and the elderly who have diff�ty walking. And finally, a ," l) f\ .. dcgrce of flcxibility is valucd highly: a dwe�h e " . suitable for different modes oflivin 'ai1a it mllst bc us-li si ) e to ada t dwellin 's to chan ,in l needs over time. h

All of these concepts feature in the many andbooks and guidelines which have been devised in order tO safeguard the qU::lliry of floor pl:U1S in accordance with prevailing conceptions and CO make this quality less dependent on the all too individu::l 1 preferences of designers . In particular in the sector of inexpensive and thus compact dwellings in a complex urban conrext, designers often have tO perform a iuggling act; this calls for considerable skill and experience. The smaller the dweIling as a consequence of the aim of holding down rents and building costs, the more attention the designer must pay tO the dimensions of rooms and thc positioning of doors and windows. Many detailed norms from the past regarding the dimensions and compmition of rooms were thus aimed at guaranteeing

�LOOII. PI.AN"

optimurl1 possibilities as regards layOut and LIse for dwellings with ;] limited floor area by including achievements from the past in the design and produc­tion processes for new dwellings. Moreover, govern­mem interventiom. in the realization of housing were alwa)'s premised on the view thar the free market would not automatically produce a correct differentia­tion according to dwclling types and price ranges.

The extent of the government's influence on floor­plan features in some periods in the past is :lImost in­cOl1ccivablc today. Not only was thc siLe of the various rooms and the narure of the technical facilities pre· sctihed, the plans were also examined W loec whether a dwellingcould be fitted out amI used in a practical and functional way. This government control could in effect always depend on a broad base of support because, on the one hand, many people were of thc opinion that architects lacked the know·how to pro­dLU.-e a sound housing desilln and, on the other hand, the apparatus of government was flexible enough to bc / able to integrate swiftly [he la [est ideas and techniques

� ima policy and so give a place to new priorities.

Examples Knowledge abour floor pb ns devel0plo priman y t rough the publication of examples; that is (he case today and ir was always the case in the past.

�od cxamples have alwa's had a still1ulating effect, [ shall pass in review several publications a out ous­ing design in the rwentieth century, starting with the book on workers' dwellings in the Netherlands by Van Hasseh and Verschoor, which was publilohcd in [890 by lhe Maatschappij (O(:\fur van 't Algcmeen.

, J

FLUOt< 1'1 A:<�

Thi� book coma ins a fascimuing collection of com­plexes of workers' dwellings built in that period. The building initiative for these complexes was taken by

..,!.lon-profil organizations! cooperative institutions and savings fun(h •.• This was a new and promising Iype oL \ client, which could perhaps guarantee better quality , and hener operation and management than [hc com­

oo mercial clienrs with their srand;ud hOllsing .,The collec­tion certainly became an argument in the pica for a housing act, which would make it possible to finance and subsidize housing corporations as a basis for good and affordable dwellings for low-inwmc households, As a result of rhe HOl1sing Act (r 90 I), local authorities and central government became key players in thc debate about housing qua lity.

Thc book by Van l- I;lsselr and Verschoor shows that in the nineteenrh century one-room dwellings were still common, After thc First World War, such dwellings

-were proh ibited via nlllllicipal building regulations and central govl'rnmcnt subsidy conditions, because they were deemed undesirabls. Oil moral and hygienic grounds. Ir is 3lmost inconceivable today, but in r 9 r 9

• the Illini:.tcr re:.ponsible for the implementation of the Housing Act wrme a letter ro :llIlo<:al authorities ask­ing them to build only dwell ings with:lt least three bed­rooms {onc for p:Hcnts one for bo s and one for ·irls ,

This was consi e red ro be a legitimate political inter­vention on moral grounds, and in a situation in which even 1:1rgc families were living in small dwellings with bed recesses, it was of course highly desirable.

On�·,oom dw.llmgs m AmSl •• d,m r l �761

FI.OOR PL\N�

� • '" , � ,

15

� '" " �

• • ! • • :;

FtOOK I'LA".s

Another well-known publication, which many archi­tects dep1uyed in the debate about housing quality, is the book Arbeiderswollinf:eIl ill Nederlalld on Dutch workers' d\vellings, published in 1921 by H.P. Berlage ... A. Keppkr, W. Kromhout and j. Wils. In their explan­atory note the authors placed particular emphasis on .

! the,urbanistic significance of housing in large coherent complexes and they.-fQresaw the need for a greater

\ degree of industrial standardization in order to keep down production costs and to bc able to maintain hi h

'��ty. The book gn'es an i ea of the initial results of the Housing Act: a fe\v dozen splendid garden villages and social housing complexes in more compact urban plot layours, all with picturesque architecture in a care­fully designed urbanistic context. Keppier proud ly writes that 'urbanists come from all over lhe world to look at the products of om young architects'. By now, � all dwellin �s had a separate s ace for the kitchen a most all dwe 111 's lad three bedrooms and there was often a second living room. Within the space o a few years the 'programme' of the middle-class dwelllng had also become the norm for accommodation for lo\\,­income households. However, the other side of the coin had become a manifest political problem. Within a short space of time, central government supporr for hous11lg prOjects in the social rental sector had risen dramatica lly and many people were of the opinion that <1 far more restrained policy on financial support for housing for the \vorking class was urgently needed .

The book by Berlage et al. contai ns some superb examples of what had been achieved in the first two decades after the passing of the Housi ng Act, bur as a

FLOOK 1'1 AN�

consequence it also became an argument in the piea that curbacks could be made. \X7hat many do not know is that after 1922 there was a drastic reduction in the fi na nci ng a nd su bsidizing of housing. F rom the second half of the t\vcntics there was a prolonged slump in �ocial housing, i n the management of hOLlsing cor­porations and in local city development policy. The clIphoria of the Amsterdam School and the enthusiasm with which many new housing corporations and young :ln:.:hitects had embraced the garden city concept carne [o an end. And so a climate developed in which archi­[Ccts went 111 search of radical means of making house­building more efficient in order to reduce building costs.

\ I\leu) solutions .) ln the thircies, the International Srylt' and the studies by international congresses of the Nieuwe Bouwen in the Netherlands kept the idea alive [hat housingjs a socio cultural task for which ncw

- solutions had to be devised:...The evidence for this can hc fOllnd in several leading Dutch building journals of lhc period. Study and research were to focus on large­�\'::l1e citv dev�opment processes a-nd the development ()f new production technology, which-\vuuld make it P( l'sibk to const uct ood and inex ensive housin .

- le conrroversiai publication Coedkoope m·bct­dl'fSIV(millgell at the occaSlOn of the competition for Ilin pcnsi ve workers' dwell ings in T 9 3 (j reflects the cli-1l1.11C of the pen od, and the Ideas presented in lt con­[11\11Cd tO have an impact long after 1945. The report of [Ile (Oll )pcririoTl was edited by W. van TiJen, B. Merkel­h.lch, M. Stam andJ.B. van Loghem. The design themes

FLOOR PLANS

addressed by the designers have become representative of modern residenrial architecture of the period after the Second World War.

V�tually all of the designs are based on a few prin­ciples on which there appeared to be a consensus. They all have a serial organization in sim e strai ht and identical blocks in open ayou�. The dwellings are identical; different types were kept to a minimum by nor building specific corner dwellings or gateways. This scheme was desi ned to enable housin J to be con­struere according to the rules of industrial mass ro-� duetion. Further an em unc distinction was rna e .

een the loadbcarin' struc[Ure of divid· 1 J \va s __ and floors on t 1e one ha�, and non-bearing fa,;;ades on

the other. And finalIv there was the principle of the flex­ible layoul..:-A form of spatiality and individuality waL

\ propagated which was to remain at the centre of the debate on housin' uality for man' ea s. Flexibilitv

'lA and adaptabilitx,.became t e conce ts in e mod­"'-' -;;-rnization of the floor pial"!:, The dwelling was no longer � to be a coercive scheme for a predetermined mode of ) living; from nm\, on the focus was to be on individual:

�,Jillfability and adaptabiliry to the llnp.u:dicrahJc, changing preferences and needs of individual hOl\se­iLglds.

ln the thirties, of course, few of these objectives were realized, but immediately after the Second World War the aims of the international Modern Movemenr were deployed for a universally ack nowledgcd social and political priority: the solution of the enorll1ous housing

\"i'",hr", dw�lli!lg hy :,,1.l.ud'.w1Hp'·ririu]l entry I, � ,61

,R

Pl.OOK I'I.AN\

19

�I OOI{ 1'1 A'lJS

sh()rr�ge_ ivlass prodm:tioll �nd indusrrialization were _ thc guiding principles in housing, policy up umil thc I�c

sixries. tn that period, the publications hy thc Rouw­cenrrlllll on the modernization of production methods ill house-building scr the toll(.' for all those involved in thc rask of solving the housing problem. Voorbeeld­plmwclI eli Keuzeplal11lell (Exemplary Plans and Selected Plans), published by the BouwcenrrulTI in the six ties. was a highly pr:lctical :lnd influential series. Ir ser��c model for the cOunt less -doorzon' dwcl!: � �idwcllings with a through room for uOlnt�rru )led

$Ilerr:uion of.

sunlighr), porch-:lccess dwellmgs and gallery flats but1t benveen 19 o and '970. These three (WC Ing t):pes were gradually per eere in studies and publications by the Bouwcentr1l111 in the fifties and sixties, and together they form :15 it were thc basis for the typological development of social housingjn the �etherlands in the twenrieth century.

The publications a out these dwclling types wer/,­based Oil studies and research carried out under the supervision of (he Bouwccnrrum, in which all of the influenri:ll individuals :lnd institutions in the public housing sector at that time rook part. This included architects, representatives of construction companies, ll1unicipal departments, university institutes and civil servantS from the ministry. The floor plan became a sophisticared system of dimensionsJ construction and technical facilities, in which :l11 of the then current �nktng based on research and assessment was incor­por'lIed. There arc prohahly few municipaliries in the Netherlands with no dwellings derived from the floor pia 11S in the Voorbeeldplml1lell eli KellZeplallllen, ma in-

20

1'1.00K I'LA.'lS

Ir becausl' the principles of these dwdling designs werc .11,,0 used in the popubr and highly influenrial Voor� schriften en \Vel/kell voor de bOl/l/! VO/I IVollingell met N ijksstelll/ (R ules a nd Suggestions for the const rucrion (If dwellings with (;overnment support).

Urball re1lewal . From T970 onwards, the picntre I� 1110re comp ex and more difficult to SLllTIlll:lrizc. In !ht: initi:ll moves towards urban renewal, aher 1974, lot the first time housi., J desi'n fearmed in diSClIssions :. with uture resI' e/Hs. Fur special groups o 1OIlle-seek-\1\ cr�, such as the elderl y, single people, students and C0111- [\1 IllLInes, variolIS new t oto ·ica! models were created - alllon�therthin's inrhc formo so-ca C( III\Tllnirs tl �ousiJ1g one or twO persons) - w lic 1 or v;1rying kl1).:ths of time accoullted for a sigJ1lficanr proportion of thc housing production. Slowly but sUfcly, central !40ycrnment abandoned a host of detailed norms for floor plans and in their place guidelines. which werc "011lctllnes very specific, sometimes veq' general. were .I)!.reed among the ke)' pbyers in the field ar a lucal 1cvcl: I11l1nicipal departments, housing corporations and pri­v.lte developers.

ln this process of diversification and deregulation IItere werc, though, moments when central govern­Il\l·tll gave the parties at a local level a finu push in rhe dlrcction it (ke1ncd desirable. IncreasIngi)" however, t hi" involved a strateg}' of inducement rather than rigid Iq.;lllarions. Thus the rO'Tammc for ex crimenral hOIl�il1g which was operatiYe between 196H ,md 1'97H W.I" .1 serious altempt hy the Minister of Housing, W.I·. �..:hur, tO integrate new themcs in thc hOlIsing

!'LUUIt I'L,\N�

production, not by bying down norms and imposing regulations, our by r.:hallcnging dcsigncrs and clienrs to expcrim cnt with new idcasi. for example, with regar.4.

_;O flc x ihi!!!y ... :lI\d adaptability of [he dwellin& .. mix of

fUllctions in the immediate vir.:iniry of housing, the invol\'� of future occupanrs and dwelling trpes for non-traditional hOlIscholds.

ln view of thc ('normous '

rask of urban renewal, this change in policy was of course opportlme. TypoJogical standard formular.: for hOlIsing design and plot layom [ypology arc nOt real ly suitable for building in the exist­ing city, characrerized as ir is by a IllLllriplicity of plots and social "nd pro<:cdural circumstances. From [975 onwards, :ln evcr larger proportion of the annual hous­ing production ended lip on sites witl1nl existing urhan structures, and as ;l resu lt the design task in hOllsing was now more varied (han ever before. Ar the S;lme rime, (he perce tion that hOllscholds arc ver' different, have dif erent pre efences and needs and develop i­ferently gained wide currency. Consequently, room shoulJ bc given ro diversity in hOlIsing production and ro ossibilities of livin in dwellin 's in different ways or eyen o ada tin � them tO c lan ing preferences.

great deal has been wrinen and is still being writ­ten ��hom these developments, and so with regard to recent decades, roo, many publications, which have probabl�' influenced the work of architects, can bc mentioned; for example, the annual survey Architec­ture ill tIJe NetherlmIds published hy the Netherlands Architecture Institute, the Europan competitions, thc

'Om,- lhrO"l,(h d",'"",�· h, �i.l_ ""iJ-I\. "inten" .. , Europan } [, 9941

fLOOR I'LA:-;�

o

[J 000 O [J o

r::t r

2' ,

I ,

r=) EJ o o O O

C=J I o I ,-_J Pfl1 �: I I

-+

F L O O R 1'1 AN!'>

publit'Mions a bout e"per irnemal residentiai estatt:s for the � \V n-nOllW-RAI in Almere and the studious hous­ing market surveys by dcp:1ftTllCIltS of the city of Amsterdam. And perhaps the countiess publications ahoUT recem housing designs in other countries should be ;tddcd tO the list. ,\1ore thall ever before, dCt:1i1cd infof!lution is avai lable, via magazines and in-depth studies, about architectural high poims and develop­ments in modes of living elsewhere in the world, in which designers in the Nerlll,·rlands tnke:l keen lllterest. And the modern hOlIsing consumer, too, is well sup­plied with information via the almust daily television programmes ahout l i festylcs and via the popu1ar maga­zines on sale in the local rlCWs�lgenr's and the Sl1pef­m:Hkel. The amOLlnt of information about the seduc­tions of living in Tuscan stylc. in i'v1c"ican coloUTs or in a Proven,a 1 ambience is indeed ()verwhelming.

\'I?ith Ihe removal of the rigid control frameworks for housing t)'pology and floor-plan features, the imponance of puh lications oll floor plans has increased st il l further. ln rhe pasI, floor plans werc published with thc aim of disseminating knowledge, but it was also thc inrcntion to poim the war forward) tO draw attention to a trend, to establish ,l norIll for qua1iwtive am6i­Tions. Jn The fifries and sixties, the polirical objective of 'large quaTHities' in housing production had yeT to be stnu.:tured in coercive norms :llld e"amples for 'a lot of thc same'. It was assumed that a rational building production necessitated such standardization. How­ever, modern building technology in fact allows �. infinitc variation, and designing within a given urban

-1>rructuTe of building lin;s and plot� is only possi ble

'4

f L O O R I' L A � S

i f trpological tailor-made schemcs arc produced per location. I h I S is, in Ill)' view, t�laitl reason for the diversity of dwclling types and floor plan organization presented in thIS book.

-

Tradition · \nyone who visllalizes the floor plans in t hIS oo as a tbrce-dimensional dweJJing and then rcalizes what the building form of which they ,1re part is like and where this huilding form is situated in Ihe city, will see a dizzying diversity of ambiences and qualities. The dwellings being huilt in Amsterdam lOda}' are as diversc as rhe 'through-room' dwellings of the sixties, t hc gallery flars and porch-access aparrments were uni­form. 'A lot of thc same' has made wav for an infinire v a rietyof forms and nmbiences.

'

- Even more srriking rhan this diversit " however, I� the affirmation of an o Amsterdam tradition: r ere

I I� scant room in this cit , for the t ieaU Dutch \ graun aceesse tcrrnce dweIling, the single- amil)'

-dwelling, which has been so successful everrwherc else. I I I Amsterdam, \�YC mainly housing blocks with�� O , lparrments - high and low, long and short. brge and � na li, deep and shnl low, round ' ld stTn i ·ht housing hlocks. (' swc e apartment with a wide V;lfiety of. � l1 cctions. access systems and floor lans: rjlnt is th� ) n�o.:ncc () mstcr nm s ousmg traditioq_ And the 11otion that a dwcllin comprises a !ivin room several hl'drooms. a kitchen,.a ha , a )arhroo!lJ and storage ':.p:u,:e is evidcnrly firmlv embedded in this tradition. For _lli Ihe diversity there is also, thus, a lot of the same; ., l k-.lrl\' t here is nor much discussion ahout what dwcll-1 1 1� i< which rooms are essential and how these rooms _ - J

25

F L O O R PLANS

�hould he organized in relation to each other in a floor ..J2.13n . •

Today, designers can take their own predilections and references as a starting-point when designing hous­ing, unhindered by the strict regulatory norms and pre­scribed typology schemes of the past. In consultation with dients they can present their arguments in support of the floor plans they propose, and the type of household the dwelling is intended for is less and less relevant, as long as the design bas a sort of broad appeal. At the present moment in Amstcrdam's housing production this results in a great diversity of building forms in many different locations, \vith many different floor-plan 1ayouts and ambiences. However, the tradI­tional programme of different types of rooms, room sizes and functions is stili discernible. It would appear that [he greater design freedom, which is undeniably the result of deregulation in public housing policy dur­ing recent decndes, is nor or only marginally impacting on the modernization of the traditional structure of rooms and the households and functions assumed to go with it. ThiS standard structure is evidently still adcquate and desirable on a large scale, because only a few general rules, regarding accessibility for the eiderl}' and the disabled and possibilities for fitting out the dweliing, still apply to the composition of the floor plan, bur even these are no longer very specific or detailed. When designing floor plans, designers and di­en ts are increasingly able to determine their own posi­tion between convention and innovation.

N O U O O F V R F E 7. E

. • N EW O I RECTlO:-JS I N l'LOOR I' L A N S V

F O il. A ,vl S T E R D A M

Housing in Amsterdam has always been unique, partly because of the active role played by the government. And it is srill tempring to summarize the caplta!'s hous­ing production in one s\veeping statement as the result of political policy resolutions. Against the background of a long public housing tradition, Amsterdam's views with regard to the blanket term 'housing guality' were laid down in .1-995 in formal guidelines (the so-called l�iciJlfiil1efl KlValiteit \'(1olllngbulfw Amsterdam)" ' l "hese are still essen[ia lly based on a Vision of the func­tional floor plan and the concomitant need to steer (-C ost-qUality ratios. Furthermore, in fhe definition of \ -qllrditv em hasis is laced on flexibilit , and ada ta�il­

�11 order to e able to provide adequate hOllsing tor , . various target groups and to meet the changing needs of IH )lIscholds. Other issues of concern include the afford­ahi l i i)' of new social rental dwellings, the promotion of 1 .lr�ct-group-oriented architectural and environmental t j 11;11 i t ies, a nd the preven tion of segrega tion.

'7

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N I W O I R ( C T I O K S

If we look at the diversity of hOlIsing �chemes submir� ted in Amsterdam over the past ten }'ears, however, it is clear thar it is an oversimplification to assert that the housing production is the result of municipal policy decisions alone. The qualit}, of Amsrerdam's housing i s also dependent on a complex o f influences which, because of its inrricacy. eludes municipal control. The \\ quality of a dwelling is conne..::red with the qualiry of

_the living environment and of the public space in the

-1n.ullediare neighbourhood. Accesslbl!lty, parking tacil­

.!.Ucs and all manner of amenities, not forgetting employment opportunities in city district, city region and the Randstad, all determine the verdict of con­sumers regarding the qualit)' oflife on offer. This means that the housing production must constanrly respond to a com [ex context of variable factors. Together these actors point a ca( to L1r lan iving in the future, and so

the quality comours for the twenty-first century arc already taking �hape in the currenr hall sing production and the preparations for it. New 3ccents arc visible in recent developments and studies in the field of in­tensive use of space, optimiz3tion of land use and living in Iloise-ridden areas. Furthermore, the individual ) demand for floor space and spatiality withjn the dwelI­ing ls growin$ and there is an increasing emphasis on architectural quality in combination with the cultiva­tion of fhe public realm as a collective value.

Livillg ellvirnl/mellts Amsterdam's urbanistic eve opmcnt ovcr recent decades shows an assortment

of grands ensembles. l n addition, traditional and con­temporary urban renewal is being carried out, water-

N E W l l I R E C T I O S <;

fronlS and periphcral zones are being developed and urban recycling and compaction are [aking pbce. Thi" multiplicity of huilding operations is giving shape to a wide variety of living environmeTlts, each of which. with its plll� points and drawbacks, has an impact on the quality of life. Traditional urban renewal in thc nine[ccnth-ccmury ring wirh irs high housing density benefits from the proxllniry of high-quality facilities, but is often <;ril l encumbcred by the limited quality of the puhlic space and the imbalance i n the compo�itiOIl of the population. However, because more and more dwellings arc being builr in the inexpensive and middle segment of thc owner-occupicd ma rket, th is sitll:1 tion is gradually changing. Contcmporary urban renewal, in parricular in the Bijlmcnneer in Arnsrt'rclarn-Zuidoost, has a very different character. Here, parciaI dcmolitioll ,lIld new-build are resulting in a resolute transforTna­lion of the one-sided living environment and a new and compact model of che 'radiant garden city'. There arc fe\V comparable situations in other European cities where spacial and social renewal is resulting in such a drastic transformation as here. The redevelopment of bOlh infrastructure and blocks of flats in the Bijlmermeer is quite unique, certainly in combination with the striving for forms of social renewal and new employment.

ln the former docklands arca Oostclijk Havcn* gcbied, a catalogue of living environments and dwelI­ing programmes is becoming visible. The development (Ill K N <; I\\-eiland is almost a classICal composition in which the urban volumes arc arranged as :1utonomou� <,culptural objects along a monumental cemral axis.

'9

The devciopmcnt on Java-ciland, however, is charac­terized hy a hiemrchy of fa�ade fronrages, canal houses and inner gardens, with emphasis on differentiatioll according to dwcl1ing programme, dwclling type and architecture in sll1al1 units. On the islands I�orneo and Sporenburg this series of living environment differenti­atioIl has been taken a step further. Here, the 'sea of houses' consists of a closciy-woven carpet of individual low-risc and as such represents an extreme form of sus­tainable high-density urhan development, with streets and al lc)'ways of waTer and Stone. Suburban living in the ciry is represented primarily br extensive residentia I areas like Niellw Slmen and De Aker: large, continuous low-risc areaS, aniculated by mediu m-nsc and high­rise in concenrr�Hed units.

Rcdcvclopment areas within thc eXisting city form a special c:ltegorr. For eX:lI11ple, the G W I. site (a former site for drinking-water distrihution which has been given .. l residenrial function) has beeTl developed as an urban enclave with its own characteristics and ground­based dwelling types anu is related to a p:lrriclliar interpretation of susrainable urbanity: a high housing density with a grcen character. The Oos[Oever hOlIsing project, 011 the sire of a former sewage treatment plant, is similar in a way: a combination of low-rise and sracked dcvclopmcl1f on tht, shores of SImerplas. There are, thus, many types of living environment, combined with as many dwelling types and building types. This qua litari vc di fferentiation ar various lcvels of scale is of great importance.

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...------" [urban dwelli1lgs;}x ma ior reason for the changes in Amsterdam'5 hOli sing production within each of (hc Cl1vironmenrs described above lies ;n thc position of Amsterdam as part of the Rnndsrad. As well as being the economic hcarrland of the Ncthcrbnds, the Rand· stad is also a Europe;1I1 urban region with a concentra­tion of employment, transpOrt and services. Central government is proposing �ln 'offensive spatial strategy' for [hc R:mdsrad, with, alllong other things, new high­qualit, residc-mial and , nmercial Cllvironmems and r lC preservation and strengthening of the vitality and competitive position of the major cities within the

.r- Randsrad necessitates an 'urba 11 rcna issa nec' . This is to find expression in, among other rhings, a growing pro­portion of spaciolls, comforta hIc tj rba II dwellings.

ln view of the incrcasing mobiJit , it is <lIsa essential � rhar )arkings aces are ava l a c in rhe vicinityof thcsc l dwellings. T lis is why a new generation ot p ans is

......,-,eing created, in which there is a combination of dwc1l­in ' t' e, bui ldin t ' e and buih :ukin · facilities_ AI thc Same time, there is also an increase in the num er of projects and dwellings in which parking garages have becn incorporated. ln almoS[ tWO thirds of the hOllsi np � production, parking galJ!gcs arc being bllilr witb a I capacity for approximate1y one parking space per \ dwclling.

• Builr arking volume thus forms an important part of the ,ro uctlon o auslIl ' vo umeo n K N S _"-l-CI an <lnd Java-eiland, this par mg vo utne is in the form of large garages, which have been in<:orporated in the bu ild in ' volume as an urban linth. On .Java eiland, these parking basements arc resu ting in an explicit

Kl1W D I Rr.C: T I O N �

I ypology of the housil1� blocks on the north quay. Thc I .1 1�cd position, the dimension ing of the carcass and the wldrh of rhe dwellings, :lJl of these design variables for Iht: dwellings arc in effecr dictated by thc limiting COIl­d I I ions of rhe chosen parking sol uri on. The parking �l Ill ltiollS 011 the isla nds Homeo :l nd Sporell burg a rc less l imi l ing bur just as striking. They have a Illore slllall­�,".,Ic character and in many cases they are connected to Ihe individual dwelling.

IJIli/ding height . �X'ith regard ro building height, :l �llIft is ta ing p ace III two directions; a shift which is h.lving an impact Oil the floor plan. Firsrly, although the IHnli rrT11-risc bui lding with fl:ns still forms an import­III I I p:l rt of the housing production, the number of high-1 1\l' dwellings is increasing. In 1 997: �per cent of the t l l t . t l llLllllber of new dwellings were buih in complexes with nin� or more sroreys)f we include the category wllh six to eight store,rs, then the proponion of high­H\C dwellings was 52. per cel�t. Secondl)', Ihe propor­I h i n of dwellings in ground-based low-risc with onc or_ I\� II �torevs has risen to I H percent. In this connection ir , .. I I l lpOrtanr to point our thar the number of l1laiSOIl-1 1 I l"� I1:IS increased, as h:1S the number of stackcd, bm � I ' fl l l ld-accessed, ground-floor-u psta irs d well i ngs. l l tl\1 t ri�l' as a dwelling type is prolifcrating and i n thc Hrw pl"OduCfiOI1 wil1 predarninarc over the traditional Illt'dllll1l-rise. However, low-rise and grollnd-acccssed I h\ d l ill).!,' arc a Iso illcreasing.

, Ill, Icndelle}' towards 011 the OI2$:. hand l;round-I 11 11·l l1 .I I..:d and Oil the other hand sky orienta�cd livin&,. l! l l l lk, .1 Ilew developničnt in dwel!ing preferences

3J

N I' W ! l I f< I' C I' I O N S

which is r�prcsentative of the new n iches in the housing marker. Therc is a marked prcdi lection for distinctive dwt:lling types which stOlnd out from the main bulk oi medium-risc developmcnt. This distinctiveness is rein­forced hy other urbanistic and architectural expres­sions, which discngage themselves from the existing city.

The most visible and srriking phenomenon in the recent houslIlg produ<:rion is that o 'rowers'. One look at . Illster( am's s·y Ille IS su ticienf to see that new iorms arc appearing; forms which rise above the tradi­tioll31 height of fopr to five srotCYS with a roof. The roof.. lt landsc3pe is chanfjing as a r�"ul( of the need for urban l volu111c a na hOlls ing ea p:1city. The [<lUer buildings with between nine and twellly-one sloreys have, moreover, an u rbanistic reasun fur cx istenct;; for 'example, as a tl � 1an§m:Jrk or ;1 bOlJud'lrx marker. Jt is noteworthy that +

, lInlIsllal dwdling types are being dev eloped for the 'h igher srorcys: wide. spaciolIs dwel lings with a lar� \ II exterior space or wiIb an en1arged, extreme storey

.. height. and also sru dius, ruwer dwellings and loft5. ..

The trend towards ground-based and ground­:lccessed dwellings is derived from traditional low-rise. Because only a small proportion of Amsrcrdal1l's hous­ing is low-rise whereas there is a growmg demand for this typc, rhc cifY is seeking to offer consumers all alternative in the various varianrs of the ground-floor­upstairs dwc1ling. Hi�torically. this dwelling type can he rraced hack ro rhe tOwn house, which reached a high level of development in the cicy centre and the ring of

I II�IH'''' "p.," ""'"'' 1!i N;",,,, �I,,,,,,, by Md;", PW I' \I',", I

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I'o: E W I J ! K E C T I O N �

I.:anab. 111 it� original state, i t cOIl(;lins;ln ingcnious spa­tial inregration of work funcrions, living fUl1criolls and service rooms. These functions ;tnd rooms arc separ­ared from each other in various ways in upstairs, ground-floor, front and re;H sections, ;Ind they are also inrcrconnected via stairways and ;lccess systems. The nineteenrh-century house is cssential ly a simplified derivative of it, divided imo upst:1irs and ground-floor dwellings, hut more often rhan not split inro self-con­tained fbts. The current generation of ground-floor-upstairs dwellings also fits in with Ihis line of development. This dwelling type IS being huilt in urban locations and in h igh-density developments . Extreme vari .. mts of the type h:lvC a lso been realized. In various projects on the G W I . site, for example. they have been built in free­standing pavilions, up ro a height of five sroreys. A more convenrional approac.·h C:ln bc seen in the plans for the lowered Bijlmerdreef. !-Iere, stacked maIson­enes an: individually accessed in accordance with a tried and [{'Sled principle. Thc ground-floor dwellings

j are nor only large (up to 1 30 rn>1 Ihcr.also have a llil!­rialll raised ground floor and a garden. The II sta irs dw�gs �/.:iQ....s.p'aciolls and have a roof terrace measuring at least fifteen square metres. -

The projecrs on Borneo and $porenburg arc again less convemionaL They also have a far higher building (knsit)' and are in a completdy different urhanistic con­rexl. Most of these schemes are ground-accessed lo\\'­rise housing with three to four storeys, but there i::. an unusual sparial organization within the dwellings. Thc sLlb-schemes arc for rhe most part small and dis-

" H. W l l I K I.CTl O N \

pl,IY strong rypological affinities with one another. I hc)' arc often grouped around a central light court and

dIl· most important exrerior spaces are a covered car pl lI·t between the light court and the street, and :l roof C t 'l"f;lce. The character of these dwelll1lgs is in keeping w i t h the tra dl tion of thc historical town hOtlse :lnd as �lIch the)' arc good examples of low-rise in an urban tll'nsi,y as an alternative ro suburhan living.

AlllbigllollS devclopmellls . The developments tn t ll' average oor arca an t e number of rooms per dwc11ing - developmcnts Ihus within floor plans - arc ilt t lhiguous. If we look first ar floor area, wc sec rhat in t lll' \o":lal rental sector as a whole there was an increase N:'

r dwelling from 73 111" in T9S9 to 88 ml in (997, an I l Ilrcasc ot 20 per cent in cigin ycars. In the other Sl'lb­�H l izcd rental and owner-occupica sectors, however, , l ll'rc was a decrease :Ind this was greatesr in rhc middle IllIcl· r;lngc in rhc oWller-occupied sector: from 90 np tn 74 111 � in 1 997. an average decrease of 1 8 per cent

I't'l' dwelling. A reverse development thus. \'(IhaI is 'I r j k i ng most of a I I is that t h(' a vc rage size of a dwel1ing .. r lhc market .�ector has remained roughly thc samC :lr 1 0,", !lll, apart from a slighr dip in 1 994 ro JOI np per lhwlling.

Wilh regard tn the t()ral housing producrion there is t h l l� 110 ullequivocal development in the floor area per d\\ t'lIln!.:. There was an increase in the social remal scc­t r H , hlll :l decrease and stagnation in rhe market secror. lt �hl ltl ld bc Iloted, howevcr, rh at market prices :Ire now 1 1�"I�, "O th:u more money has ul he paid for a smaller dwdlll 1).!.. The price-quality ratio has not improved.

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N I:.W D I K I:<..:' I I U N �

I f we look at rhe number o f rooms per dwelling, we see that in the most recent rudm:tion dwellings with three rooms redominare in ;111 cate ones. n the me ium­priced rental sector, three-room dwellings comprised 84 per CCIlI of the production in 1 997, compared rc 34 per cent in 1 992. In thc social rental sector, the pro­ponion of dwell ings with three rooms \Vas 57 per cent in 1997. comp:lred to 44 per C(,IH in 19H9. By conrrast, there has been a considerable decrease in the propor­tioTl of dwellings with lour rooms: in the social rental sector there was a decrease from 3 4 per cent to 2. 5 per ccm, and a decn:ase from 48 per ccm to .l8 pcr ccm in the middle price range in rhe owner-occupied sector.

l n the case of the more extreme dwclling types, devciopments arc lllore irregular: in the social rental secror rhere was a decrease in the proportion of small one- and rwo-rOOI11 dwel lings from 20 pn cent to 4 per cern, whereas, by Con[raSt, rhere was an rncrease in the proportion of large five- and six-room dwellings from 2. per ccm ro 1 4 per cent. In the market rental and owner-occupied secror the trend is exactly the reverse: an increase in rhc �malleM dwellings from 4 per cent to r 3 per cerlf ;md a decrease in the largest dwellings from 16 pef(_�t'1l( to 6 per cerl(.

To slll1lmari:t.c, it can bc said that the proportion of dwellings with three roOI1lS has increased suhstamially i n reccllt years, pa rt icula rly i n thc social renta I sector. In the other sectors, roo, (here is a sharp increase in the proportion of small dwellings with one or two rooms. Thc ...emphasis is thus increasingl)' on dwellings with_ few rooms, resulting in a greater diversity in hOlIsing

tor sma!T househo]us. Ar the same time, thc nced for

", �. w I) I K I' CJ' I O I'< �

Il1lrC spa CIO us dwellin 's with more floor arca and 1!li Ire rooms as ITIcreascdJ a need which the marker is , Ilot meeting.

"le ree market is buildin, mainly small dwellings with a rclari\'c1 O en tloor lan \v IC l se tor 1 1& 1 I'I'IU:". In the sub�idize rncdium-priced owner-occu­jll�d "eCtQr, roo, more and more small dwel lings are h�'II.).!. hIIih. These trends arc evident in the floor pb ns: i i i i hc Inarker sector there arc often few rooms but there I� ,I l.lr)..:e floor area, whereas in the other sectors there i l l l· ntlCIl the same number of rooms, but the floor arca I� \"o l l�idcrably smaller. The market-sector floor plans \ UI I 1 . l in :l rebrively br 'e amount of s ace and s atial­i t}: I I I : 1 1 1 open l'liUI11. In thc other sectors, the floor 1 ' 1 , 1 1 1" :lre Illorc closed and composed of a strict hierar-1 hy ot I lIOSt1y sma rooms.

\ An·dera/ion al/d (raze . Between 1988 and 1.998, I W \,i l l l l l lleO t e annua ousing production decreased l Iorll �,4')6 tO J , J 1 2 dwellings: a decrease of 43 per ! I l i t . I\ Iofcover, it should be noted that market-secror Ih\lI' I I I Il)..:� were nor included until r 992. If we limit rhe �'II Vt')' lo suhsidized housing then [he decrease in our­plit " I l ll lt:h greater: a decrease of 83 per cent, from ' , 1'1(' I I ) � 59 dwellings, in T997. This leads to the con­I 111�lrlll I h,lt the pn)porrion of market-sector dwellings \',I� III\. n:,I"cd substantially. Incidema ll}', the numher of !twldul)..: rlans and projects has not decreased propor· I h ll l ,nd), with the decrease in the 11111nber of dwellings. WIt hi l l ,I "hrinking housing production, not only is the I lI lph,I'I" \ l rl dwelling differentiation and investment �hl l t l l lg I i I I hl.' market sector, housing production is also

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"'1·\\ O I K I· ( I 1 0 :-.1 S

becoming marc complex du.: to thc dccre:lsing average project size. The lauer decreased from 47 dwellings per scheme in 1996 to :1.7 in 1997. Fewer and fewer dwell­ings 011 more and more sites in the city is generating more and more site-specific factors; faerors which play �l role in rhc design of thc bu i lding type, dwelling type and floor plan . . �Ioreover, extremes in project size are on the increase: there arc more mc 'a-projects with over 100 dwell ings, but also more mini-projects wit tewcr.

'than tell dwelHngs. These characteristics are represent­ative o t 1e growing contrasts i n the production.

The increasing differentiation in dwellings and liv­ing environmen'tš1s III Itself a p�nve development. A posših1c downside, however is rhe fra Illentarion of the archirecturalimagco the cit a s a w ole w 1ic aS,on occasion, een termc, Ihe 'acceleration' of the city and of architecrure. Thai this acceleration occurs in com-

� p!etdy new areas is [Q be expected, because it is here thar rhe new face of the city is becoming fully manifest, as is the case, for eX:l mp le, in Oostelijk Havengebied and Dc Aker. Here, diversity is in many respectS visible and mcasumble: in respect of spatia l model, pricc range, living environment, dwelling type and architec­ture. But on a lower level of scale, 100, in existing neigh­bourhoods and districrs, there is increasing diversity, which does nOt always appear ro be supervised or sub­ject to city-inugc comroI. In the coming years, an area­targeted approach and rescrtlcturing as ;) new form of urban renewal must go hand in hand with a res()lute str:ltcgy for city image and public realm.

ln the implemenration of such a strategy ir is import­ant to guard against ' freezing' rhc nrchitecrural image. ----------�-----

40

j"o; E W D I I O.CI" 1 0 N \

)ince thc architecrure of residemia i development and public housing determines the appearance of the city there is an interdepcndcnce and symbiosis between hOll!-lC <lI1d city. Hamma/eria}, accord ing to art histar­I.m A.E. Brinckmann, is the raw material of thc city and .IS such also forms the basis of thc collective house of the city plan. 'Plan Zuid', mate than the historic city centre even, is therefore !-Irill seen by many as rhe ulti­matc form of hospirable urbanic;m, with emphasis on Ihe long lines of 1l1ol1umenwlity and Oil reiined arch i­Il'ctural detail. The floor plan plays a relatively sub­urdinate role in this, as a fixed constitucnr element whose d imenSions, bm not typology, arc subject tn .l lrcration.

lt is nor surpri!>ing therefore that in AI11!-1rerdam­I.u id ;lnd the Riviercnbuurt in particular, the mOl1lwr­I1Ig and steering of architectural changes has been \!cppec! up. As a result, the architectural image is fixed .md in a cenain sense 'irozen ' as a normative and in­Violable qu a lity. A s im ilar development is taking p!ace III t he nineretnrh-century disrricrs, in the ciry centre and 111 thc posrwar g:lrden suburbs in :lccordance wirh the / Cl'nera J Extension Pian for AmsrerdtUll ( I }lJ 5) . All proposals for new ho us in • develo meni are examined ror compafJ i ity with the urban istic and arc litecru r:l

lOmeX[. This does indeed increase the unity of the u rban landsl:a e, hUT it also accenruates the contrast Il'lwcen on rhe 011l' hand thc publ icity of thc urban

dom.lin and on the other hand the !-Iecrecy of privare dwelling. This gives risc to a pi1enornel1on wh ich could Iw ch.n:l.cterized as rhe ' ):Hadux of the invisible ua ­I� The sometimes unique e;'J!lIrcs of the ind iVi dual

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dwclling are subordinated t o the pursuit of coherence and unity, giving rise to a dichotomy between the increasing rcfinement and differentiation of interior dwelling and the more universal quality of the exterior architecture.

This paradox is illustrated by the recent new devel­opment in Oosterparkbuurt in Amsterdam-Oost. The severe and wilful architecture here has been strongly influenced by the city-image plan, which is prernised on the cultivation of nineteenth-century features. Th� dwellings behind the ut1lform screen of the fac;ade, howev't':'r, are characterized by a great diverSIty which IS sca""f"CelV(Jišcernlble in the fai\ades. Something similar is true in many of thc plans for Borneo and Sporenburg, where the restrained front clevariol1S revcal little of the complex spatial dwelling structure behind. Both examples show a division bet\veen the quality of the exterior as the boundary of the public living room of the street and the quality of the interior as the laby­rimhine cocoon of the individual household.

H ··bridizatlOl/ · here is a marked tendency in many o the plans towards mixing different dwclling types within small complexes and buildings. Narrow and wide dwellin s malsonettes and flats, corridor and 'al­lery dwellings occur ln al! manner o combi nations. Herc too, differentiation, in order to be able to offer the consumer a wide range of choice within a single project, plays a decisive ro\e. There are schemes with I1llxed access systems and every conceivable building

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� , - �C , . lj \ .- , .. .12 , '::i � " , , , , LJ

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43

type, with a compicx sracking of dwelling types, ftats, rnaisonetres, ground-f[oor-upswirs dwellings, studio dwellings and split-b'cl houses. The plans for ground­acc('ssed dwellings ;llso havc this Illix of typologies, panicubr1y when rhey arc interw()vcn with a complex sl;l.cking of maisonenes and flato;;. Thc typolog)' of building and dwelling in such cases i,!o no longer unam­biguous, bur r;:nher Illultifariuus :1nd enigm:1tic, in short hybrid. The insouciant Tll ixing of principles and types results in ambiguity regarding the identity of the building and dwelling t)'pe. One could conclude that in man)' schcmes [here is no longer a cntegorical clarir\', -;;either urhanisricallv and archirccrurallv, nor typo­logically.

A comparable rendenev towards h bridizatioll is becoming al' )arCI11 on h sca e o . dwellin ' itself. The dwclling with 'unique' spatial qualities is

rii:ed highly by the market-orienr�Hcd housing con­sumer, who is willing to pay a high pricc for ir. The emphasis on spatiality has perhaps been taken a little toO far, because the ' I iberacion of rhe floor plan' from rhe strait-jackct of the cost-qu:lliry test has resulted in tbc <:ultivation of sparial dwellings whose practical value is underdeveloped.

Thc grs.;!.tcr the floor area within the dwellings...!hc greater the emphasis in the floor phln on the sizc and dimensions of thc main living room, and this is of!S.l1 combined with a rcbrivelv small open kitchen. In only a fcw of the projccts is the living room articulared in slIch a wa}' thar there is a clearly defined din m ' arca. Only then can t lC (rawback () t IC lIndivided hybrid space becompcnS;lted for to some extent.

44

N E W D J lU' CI I U I\ '>

t n most cases, however, such �l hybrid floor plan COll-� \'\;pr is at the expense of rhe militr value of the dweIling Ih .1 whole; for example, because the traditional kitchen With dmiil l Mea, which is s )ati:dlv sc arared from the

hV1 1 1g room, las been abandonc , whereas the eXI I ­I I ) of thc ;;uhi le-use dwellin-: for different types of hUII"cholds is an important, c assic qua lry eat lIfe o Atn�rcrdam's pu bite hOllsing tradition. _With the IlIcreaSIn cm ,h;lsis on s )arialitv. other aspects of the ) 11 /11- lierarchi<:a ( wdling ,!occm to be losing favour w l l h clicnrs and archirects. Such as, for examp le, the ' \ 1 I , I I it, of rooms' that is to Sav. the realization of /'

'1111'( rooms o e ual size with a floor area of bttween \ • .1, ,m, 1 4 n1'-. Suc a qualir}' affords nOt only more rl l't'llol ll of choice for the c urrent occupantsj bur also trion' . )()ssibilirics as to use for future hous('holds. � .t �ft I I 11,1 Ir)' o rooms a so guarantees e ua lt o ()Ccu- M lr' 'U p:!," l '> l n mcay's increaslngln ivi ual ization. eneral!} 't' '111',lkm ' -functional neutrality' is an im orram 1re '7 �t IIldtl i(\ll for the durability ot t e uture housing stock.

, I ;/ '('I/! ,-first CCf/tllry . As has been pointed out ,hoH'. tlli!e is increasmg tension berween traditional , 1\111\ lIoll:llist, measurable hOlIsing qualities and the \11111\'111 )Or:!r reworkin r of dwellin t' )010 'ies. I hnhcrrnorc, greater cm lasis is being placed on a �t' I l l Ior ;lrC;l, hei h(ened store s, VOI an vo ume

'-j!hl l u l olher less ( uanrifia e ualities snch aS s atiaI-, ">1 IiIIf.;ln mcs and iglu el1erration. There is often a t lllfl, .t,tll lier;,;-1fc ical relations lp elween a large Ih.hlij room,:1 small, opcn kitchen and relatively small 1 " l i f t ll l l l". rVloreover, man)' dwdlings arc developed

4 .\

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venicall y over twO, three or even fou r or fi Vl' storeys, in order to make possible rt direct connection with (he

round level and rt front door for each dwelling. Dwellin ii �lre b comin s atially and funetiona more ami more specific, whic l ill manv cases is demon+ strably at [he expense of multiple use. In staeked COI1+ struction in particular, the generic and all-purpose [Own house is in danger of disapPl·aring. This could in the long run he to the detriment of the quality of the housing stock: in addition to there is

I ro yeUing will become an important programma!ic COIl­

cc t for dw('llill ' in thc [wem -first century: a spacjous ane neutral carcass with extr:l width, depth and height and rt flexible Iayout.,l �!!!. also Wich a ceream hyh0..d character for use as a work, pla\.:c, studio or office apart­� l n the desig.n, emphasi.� will be on new incerprera­tions of ftlll1iliar urbanisti\.: and a

. tura t' )()­

I OBjeS, partlctI ar y III t lC context of the existin city. In ad ition, or speCla , peripheral and noise-ridden loca­tions, new ensembles will be developed, with a clear formal expression, derived from the programme of a mix of functions, acccssibiliry and mobilitv, rangmg from noise barriers and parkin facilities ro currmn walls, billboar< � an an marks. The image of urhan

Tving can then becorn norC":1; r O en, expres­sive an( specific, while the dwelling itself will become increasillg1y neu tra l, generic and cycle-proof . • •

l\'I A I( l N U � O O ST[NBRINK

D I C K VAN G A fo,·IF.REN V

II} ,ind large, housing in Amsterdam is, in my view, 1 1HI�h of a muchncss. I havc sclc�tcd a number of fluor I 'hl l l� from 1 992, but I dldn't find any really new r 'po­IU1\ *' ,: ' in t lat Yl:nr. [:Jn ar [ rec-room we ings pre­JuWjnnrc in all se�tors. This cannot hur result in a very IlIp'Ided housing stock with virrually only three- and [ t I l Ir room dwellings and fluor lans 'ou ciln't alrer .H ,dl . If this met thc ausing need it wouldn't really 11I.IIII:r, although you always run into problems bter ! II ),011 can'r :lIfer dwellings. There are plenty of very

I ttH:iclive projects, bUI .. lS a rule everything in lhe floor ft 11[.111' has been fi xed and therc is a lack of neutralir and II 1 11'1( 1 II il y. Some of (hc floor plans I have chosen rhere­I t i H' hecause rhc architects and dients have, by COI1-tl.I�I, tried (o do something different. l have also in-I Il Id l�d :l couplc of floor plans as eX:lmples of how it

houhl nOI bc donc. I hl' floor pbn of fhe dwellings by Paul Wintermans

t i t i "' N ' M-eibnd is inspired hy Lc Curbusier's Unite

49

t/'l labitatioll in �.,,1arsei1lc. Access is by means of a long cemral corridor through the building. The dwellings :HC situated parrly below and pani}' above this COT­fidor. Yuu see that quite ofren i n housing i n Amsterdam, hut berc it has been cbborared within thc Dutch housing norm. Thc living room is empty from thc front (o [he back; the view through the space has been kept open bv pbcing. thc k itchen against thc waiL The orientation is good, with the terrace on the sunny side :md the living room facing north. De Archirccrcn Cic. has developed a similar type of floor plan in a lucid way for a building on Oosrelijke HandcIskade. Herc, thc spatial possibilities of an apartment on twO levels h�nor becn exploited ro the S�lme extent as in Lc Corbusier's prorotype.

,. l h:lvC chosen the 'trornmclwoningen' (drum dwell­ings) by l.icsbeth van der Pol because rhey are a (;0[1)­plcr�ly new typs.; \jove;;em rh rough the dwellin� from one noor toanorher, is spariaU}' superb. However, ) a prIvaC 1ro arise because rhere arc other dwellings :l bove and below, which you on'r ave in a sran(brd single-family dwelling. However, in this case,

I the experimental, the innovativc is, l think, what is most important. The 'hofwoningcn' {court dwellings} -by the S;ltnC an:hirectural office arc intcreJ>.!.i!lg because single- bmilx dwellings alternate with combineg :T<,und- and II er-floor dwell in 's. Differentiation has thus )een ingeniously inrro( lIced in a row of dwellings. Another inrerestin ' feature of the scheme is that this floor p an las five rooms" )rmat one se om sees in Amsterdam, alas. I he floor pb.ns by Gert-Jan I-iCli'(lilks of De An:hitectengroep for Schelvishoofd fir

5°

' I l lo nn unusual t 'pological scheme of urban villas wh . ntam 1ll:lIS0nerres instca( o apartmems. Auc"\ of the upsrairs weJlings as een Jn 'eniolls\v ljulynl.J also like the way the bedrooms opcn directly OI l t I ) [ hc rerrace. .....

1'01' Bda;lnjachtpleill, Bosch Haslcrt designed a dwdlill); with a rather ut1llslI:d t e of floor plan - a I 'I I IXt" dweIling, whi(:h is vcry deep and narrow, .!!.. !2P � l l lIlIld floor, an extremel), long structural wall h;1S !Jn'.!.! kept completely <;kar so that vou can experienq.:.. II liu,' i.kpuu)Lilic... dwclljng, The void also providcs an l"� rl"l � arial effect. Even S0, the flour plan has those t w o I r.l itional hedroo!1ls. Evidcntly, there's no getting H! l I I \d rhar; ir's wh<1t-clicnrs want. For Bastcnakcn­_1 1 ,1 ,1 1 , Van Herkel & Bos have dcsigned a differenti­lini. v C.!J::�c-fall1ily dwelling. Inrcrcsting_ Ir',. [ 1 J 1'C� of this floor pla n Include the difference in level

l ;rr �() "!eps on the ground floor and the complex void �hOVt, I ll· 'itchen and !he hall, aho\'{" which is a sky-11" 1 1 . Tlu:: signal

'i7re of Van Berkćl & Bos is also disccrn:­,Ill!- IlI lhe rorarions.

ln the design by Claus & Kaan for BinIlen Wie­II t l�:cr�tr:l:lt i n the city centre, old and new have bccn � Ir'�crl}' combined. E;lCh dwe1ling consists ot a Single �I I )IČy which extends across two buildings: a ren()v<1tcd hl�!lll'k building and <1djoining new-build. The spatial !lId .Ic\[hetic contrast between the various parts of the hUildiii"g is striking. You can thus create very anractivc .h\'l" lIl l1).:" in asecmingly impossible situation. The ! h,I I ,llIcr oi the floor plan by Dik Smeding for Hoogre � .!! lllk �hows to best advantage if you see a lor of them Il fl.\lt llt'r. The project rurned into an infill exercise. The - �

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archltect seems to h<lve askeJ himself: 'How do l gct <lS many floor pbns <lS possible into one volume?' Tlm has resulted in a sort of mesh of floor plans in which spatial qua litY is lack ing.",

- The tloor plans by Charil's Vandenhovc for the Terrergar have indeed bccn cleverl), fitted rogether, biII this has not always worked Olit well for the dwellings thell1selves; rhey ['Ire rather pok\' ;1I1d there is scarccly allV sense of Sp<lCC. These a )artmen{s are occupied

�llajnl)' by sin ,Ic co }Ie or-coli cs and so lt wou a ' 'bc-en berrer perhaps if spaccs, (or example the ki[(:hel1 and rhe livin ' roOI11, had been ilHcrconnecred. The design by De .long, I-Ioosveld, De Kar or rhe dwellings in Marie Heinekenplcin consists of a layer of maison­enes above a srr1ck of aparTmcllts. Curiously eTlough, Ihis does nor result in diffcreTll'ial ion: a flat consists of two narrow ha)'s set side by sidl'; rl maisonerre consists of two bays 011 tOp of each orhcr. In the case of the mais­onetres, a lot of the floor space is faken up by circula­tion space. The flars look more artrnctivt' because they are wide. Pcrhaps the architects opted for a maisoncrrc floor plan in order to provide the building 's far.,:ade with n ,ro\\'n.

Thc floor plan for a dwelling in Vroliksrraar by Duinker. Van der Torre shows how i( rea lly should hl' done. The hall is lar 'C and various s aces cnn be imcr­gIDtlt'cted h� means Q..... s iding doors. This is quire cxpensive, w ich is parrly why yOll dOl;'t often see slIch l flexible floor plans. More dwellings of this type need to bc buih, preferably with more rooms.

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V E ft A Y A N O V S I-I T C H I N S KY

First of all : the book by the ciry's housing deparrment with thc floor plans produced in T993 wgs very disap­poinring and [ found ir difficult to select a reasonable number of plans. I would also ilke to make clear at the outStt that I loaked at the qua li ty of the housing scheme I as a whole when making myselectiQP. All of thc floor pT.1T1S in a building project must he of a high standard 1 11 Illy view; 1'01 nor interested in one h igh-quali ty floor plan in an otherwise I1lferior scheme.

Sometimes the nature of an urban design scheme c;:dl s for great cn:arivity on thc part of thc designer when designing a dwelling w ithin thar scheme. Many architects on Java-eiland, for example, have not been successful; every inch of space has been utilized, but Ihis has not Geen articuIar l ' roductive. Evidentl\', the stl1nu us of a difficult site does not always guarantee successful solutions. Furthermore, there arc fe\\' if an)' flexible floor plans i n the book. I suspect this has to do with the brief, whICh usually limits itself to essential s

1993

for ecol1ol11Y's sake. Consequenrly, there is seldoJ1l dut overmeasure which can automatically result in flexibil­ity. I did, however, sec some plans with interesting spa-

� tial (onnections, su that the dwellings arc suitable for different modes of living, nor just the traditional aver­

- age fam i ly. ..... What � striking is the number of badl)' Jesigned

fluor plans where on emerin the dwcllin ' ou rac-tically falJ into the w_c, or you lave to sqllccze pa sr the

< washing to get to the washing machine) . Indeed, I was ( more im ressed by the l:uge number of baJ floorotailš • rhan by the fcw g�O( nnes. T le (lazy) arc.h itccrs them­

selves are responsible for the lack ot quality, because it is noteworrhy that within the same hlock alle �lrchitect has found good solutions and rhe other has nOt. Ifs a question of getting your priorities right. A good archi­tect plUS personal enrhusia!>1l1 first nOI the building

Ytas ' use . The floor plan by Van Heerden for Dc Wine Keizer

works well sparially because uf the living room with mczzaninc. This results in the sc aration of the living l :;;ind rEe slcqllng arca and conseg.lJi;ntly there is a dis­tinction between public and private. Sl2.ltial ly, effective use has been Jn of lhe hasemenr :lTld th(' ra i

..}\fOun floal". The dwellings by Grocnendaal & Dc Vries on Keizersgracht are " response to the difficult rask of designing for an extremely narrow plor. Despite thc limited width, the architects have succeeded in

� crcil"ting circulation wilhin the dwclling. Quite a feat, given the circumstances. In man)' respeCl<;, the archi­tects have responded well to [hc t:onslrainrs of thc sire. Access to the dwel l ing is via :\11 ;ldj�ll·Clll a l ley-w:1Y.

6(.

1 993

What I like about the floor plan by Cccs Nagelkerkc for WOllen 2.ooQ..is thar rhere arc entrances on two floors, \ so rhat both floors can he used more or less inde end-

o corl}'. This is unusual in such a relative small dwelling; ir creates flcxibil iry and increases liveabil i t);..Sjoer

Soerers' floor plans for .Java;eiland arc a remarbblc piece of jigsaw work, which has resulted in some sllperb dwell ings. The separate >rorey<; within the dwellin s are rotared in relation to cach other so thar yu c n I . e use () the uli width and dc rh of the dwelling at the same time. ere, t le cntlre uilding has

- bc;n well thoughr our, 'and that is quitc unusual. The floor plan by Kees Christi:l:lllse for Java-eiland is, as regards spatial organization, a beautiful studio dwcll­ing. Herc too, the fact that high-qu:llity fluor plans h:lVe been prodllced in difficult ci rcumstances is ilO mean achievement. The shape of Ihe plot had already been fixed when the architects began their work .

ln 10;1 ' dee ) floor lans it is sometimes difficu)r to 1110ve from the front to (hc rear secI ion, ut in t lC a\vellings hy Cruz & Orriz for Java-cilan"d. this pl"Oblcm has been ingcl1lously so)vcd. Moreo\ler� having walkc� fro t le rotH to the rear ou then have a splendid VICW back throug l the wcllinp. Wirh i kin u rricks 'ou (:an make a dwellin ' look bi 'er rhan it actually is . Residence 't Wardcrschip by Jan Brol1wcr, on t le or cr hand, is refreshingi\' simple . Perhaps little credit will bc ga ineJ' for it, but the wholč is neverrheless of a quality one seldom sees. This quality is also due tu the lucid lay­Olit of the hallsing block as a whole.

The free-standing villa hy Metropolis I r [ for Bl.Iik­i>lnrerbrcck is a splendid spa rial design with a sllrprising

1 ')9'>

roming. The connection between the living room and rhe garage is interesting; the stajrway is srunning and not dominant. Thc programme is not complex; indecd, therc is only one bedroom in rhe villa and, cmiollsl}" rhere is no g:udcn. The entire programme is situared inside (he building; rhe g:lragc is in [hc baserncnt. The villa can he compared with the small dwclling designed by Ferma Oorthuys. I like this scheme because of the ingeniolIs floor plan. The vertical circulation is clearly visible because of rhe sraircase and the void connected

..!2 it, but it does !lQt domina rc the space. As in the villa by Metropolis I l l, herc roo, the staircast" is a srructur­ing e]emem in the dwclling. Tht' d ifference in level between the low and the high section of rhe dwelling is interesting.

The dwellings by Geurst & Schulze for Dc Aker arc four Single-family dwellings. The floor plans arc not specracu1ar bur they h:lve been wcll

cl10ughr out, with -as a resuh 1U\.:idJy organized dwellings. There i� also a

certain overmeasure JT1 the design; see, for CX.llllplc, th,e )argc rerq�c. Ir gIves a degree of fJcxlhrhty which, regrerrably, ont· seldom sees in floor plan.!.. This qualiry has been illlroduced on the designers' initiative, because Ihere are ,>carcel}' :lny speci:ll circumstances here which could have bcen used as a sf:lning-poinr in thc design.

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HAN .\H e I l E I . ./

In my selection of floor plans from the ear 1 994, l lookcd priman y or II1t1Ovative typologics. J have a so Chosen d�si 'ns which arc not new but whlch are still innovativc in a sense, beC<1Use up untl now t ey were

• scldom huilrin Amsterdam. When I look cd through the housing production for 1 994, J was �truck by the lack

• of variety; the dwellings buih in that year are mostly 1\ three-room aparrments of between 7j and 80 square \l metres. Thar's JUSt what we dontr need. The bulk of the housing production is very standard; everything is or anized much the same way. More exciring, vMied accents nec to le created in response to more and morc divergenr, speci fic circumstances. Ideally, the bulk of housing should consist of man S aClOUS

---o..c_ ral dwellings, surroun e a motle assortrnem of unusual, eye-care ing types. In car terms; a combina­tion ot Renault F.spaees and snany spOrtS cars. The floor plan (Jf a dwcl!ing by Groenendaal & De Vries Oil Korte I .cidsedwarsstraat ignores the entire

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hisrory of public hOlIsing. lt is a hotel-like pied-il-ferrei. l can have oni , one Arnuni SUif as oce I h because t ('rc is no SI ora e s nec for re clolhes. But ir (here a en morc sp;lce, ir would have been at the ex ense of thc livin '-mac line- i ·c :lura. � combined with work in is the (heme ln t lt' OOrpGll 1y Van ( er Waalsl cinsrra or t e dwc mgs on 05(­vcrlorcnvaart. This is a cOlHemporar ' [heme, a relat-

t ivel)' new motif in l0using eS11ll1. It is a lo ( ike dwell­... ing, in wh' . l thc ('Ill ha -j' ' . Il 'Q'H.:iousness and in .. \\' lieh good possi i l irics have been created for alterl)­alive use. Access is via a long corridor along which arc

SiTUated a number of small rooms. This :lppears to be based 011 the model of the Wagons-Lirs hotels.

Liesbeth van der Pul :lnd Rowin PcrcrSn1<l made a design for a floor plan for Gerard DOllstraat that is per-

j,gwS ...Jlot inll()Vativc typologiGlllv; ,..t!p'errlldess it l ) _ v('ry arrractiv(' p. n dJ. . ..i n a sellse, witbollt preq;�cT1t. The doub -hei ·ht living rOOlll in particular is unusual. Its valu(' cannot bc e inc in tfa itiollal utility criteria, bur evcn so slJch a sparial enhancement is evidemly per­mlating through ro the social rental sector. ��

I �o, this would hnvc been impossible. because jn those_ da 's everyone Ihoughr thar a void would result in extra heatin ' COStS, w lic c I I'tsaddlc �I an wi

The oor pbn by Gerr-Jan l lendriks (De Archirec­tengroep) for 'De Branding' is also more of an incidem th;)n thc start of �I ncw trcnd. lis is a flexible floor plan which provides a ran ';of ()ssibi ItlCS as re '�lr s use. BecauE suc a \. wd ing. is su adaptable, it also ha� � value. A housing corporation could lease ic iniriarry-rm:-alow rent; brer - i f the neighbourhood

l

:!ppcars ro he improving - the rem could he raised or the dwcllings sold. Thar wa)', in ten or t\wntr years' timc, you don'r h:1\'c thc problem },Oll have 1I0W, for example, in the Westclijke Tuinsteden in Amsterdam: an enormolls stock of dwellings of a type and form:!t which no longer meet current needs.

ln public-housing terms, the so-called ;W07,OCO' complex, with apartments for the cIderl }'. by M V R O V_ is proDahlv not rhat successful, b"ut-it.is refreshing ro seeC'GoVči":;'"' ns (hrown rboard. lhc proll>t is very l

ri 'ing :Ind mnsequend it falls outside the usual cat­egories () good or a . It is difficu I to pinpoint ex.lCrl '

-:-Whar's wrons with lt; in :lny event, the ui in III its ..J.Utaliry is impressive. There2,.fe I rge storage spaces

and for the rcst everyone must judge for themselves. l n the design by Roe1f Steenhuis for Roberr Fruinlaan on thc eastern shore of Sloterpla�hc floor plans arc !lot that unusual in themselves, but the ordinary works very , well here. It is a new t )(: oT town house; a šingle-famil

�ellj"ng on three oors wit consl era e ext iliry ill �.ln Illy view, thc g�und floor could have been more­

neutral btlt even so this dwc llin has futl1re valuc. And lt is gellcroLlsly detailed; scc, or example, the ouble door to the ba Icon),.

l n their design for housing in Gulden Kruis, a neigh­bourhood in the Bijlmermeer, Claus & Kaan 3how themselves to bc masters of styling. This schellle has :1 superb spatial organization. It really is a tinu'less.

-dwcHinp; Dore the overmeasure produced hy thc gcne!--ous height and the larg.e windows. The design forms .... a benchmark for thc durable quality. The floor pbn by Van Gamercn & Mastenbrock (De Architcctcngrocp)

1 994

in the complex on Oeverpad i s spaciously organized �enerously dcraikd. T�oms are in a splendid way 1 l1tcrcQT!,!.lccred and thc whole is beautifully detailed. Norc the double doors between the living

f()om and th(' bed room . They create nor only a superb • spatial aXIS, but also a host of extra possihilities as regards use. And this is in connectio.!! with an internal 1 circujt via II spacious lOi;gia . Thc design is rclaxed throughout with no wilful complieation.

Ben Tellge's floor pbn for the same Oeverpad is a plan [ like beca LIS it a!lows for different inter reta­tions. It 's of thc 'al tv e with a ten �n�',u�"",::: tionalism blJt .lt the 5;111 lm {erin ' ossi biliti or flexible use. The spacious hall can be use in vario.us

- , ways. -In the contrihution by Kees Christiaanse to the development on the G W I. sile I hcrs: is a floor plan that is t�ighl}' ingenious but [hat, in my view, is not effective. The aim of provid ing access from the street for all dwellings has resulted in solutions which look con­trivcd. Tl}!. scheme is srriking but ir does not pOllU the �or\Vard. Because therc is insufficient s ace for general use, rc, ' �n s are prisullt;rs of [hc floor plan . This is not (he way to do ir.

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lt was 110r easy to focus exclusively o n the floor plans whcn m:lking my selcttion. A floor plan can't really bc look ed nt in isolation from the t ' 010 . of a buildin ' ) ac' as a W 10 e, rom t e e Hlsen access system, the - location in ti1"CCity or the type of cItem. It is, howcver,

"""'challenging ro louk ar a single component of housing. For mc, there arc several criteria.

The project by Tjaarda Mces in Spinozastraat has :1!l.inrcrcsting floor plan, partly because an unusual . )ro mmmc has been realized in cooperation with a pri­v:1te c icnr. t ls a stll io (\Vcl ingon a slig t y morespa­

eiolls Piat, with an apartment above and a roof terrace. with a penthouse. By Contra st, l have chosen the noor

plan by Henk RTunder in the housing block in Osdorp­pkin in order to show that high-rise housing is being developed in Amsterdam and how this is done. The floor plan ' itself is pcrhaps not really unusual, but I didn't think that W<1S of overriding importance in this case.

95

(n m), view,crazy an les alwa s make a floor plan inter­esung. a "e, or exampk., Ihe aeute ang e D J( V were saddJed with in their design for Sporenhurg. I think the}' de:llt with it very successfully by creating a void there. In the scheme for Dc Mirandalaan by Bruno Albert :1 similar angle has been used to-,reatc a dL1-matie ba!cony! which is of great v;tfue 10 borh th�l!QE!.r

I Ian and the exteri&." The corner dwellings designed by Adame Melier d'Architecrure et d'Urbanisme for the Noordcrhof project in Slotcrmeer are also unusual and

.. illIc resring because of rhe anglt.S. The li\'ing room with open kirchen is angled and orientaled towards the inner court of the blocks. There lS also a crazy an"gle i n the floor plan for Noordkaap ty Van Sambeck & Van \ Vecno Fantasti.: it i.:fcatcs imi1l1;lCY; a lace 'm can retreat to, awav rom the hard wor ( outside, dose tO the kitchen and YOllrCllp ofcoffcc.

The deep dwellings on Borneo are stunning. Sec, for eX:lInple, the deSign by Tupker & Van der Neur with ils long living room-cum-kitchen/dining area. Here, you ex erience the enormous de 'rh of the plot. Such a

. dwellin ' is ver xcitin ' because ' . a most cave-like. However, it IS im ortant that the oecu };mt as ati

.and ;l arge roof terrace. On Sporenburg, Christi,Hl Rapp designed a ground:'acccsscd dwel1ing. To reach the roof rerr:1ce: you h,we tO c1amber over an exterlQf stalrcase, past a small balcol1Y. Quitc a blzarre dwclllng in fact. The dwelling il), '\iJii on Sporenhurg is a reat

.. sin 'c�person dwelJin ' a one-room dwcllin with its .. own exterior SIP'2S I rhin' il's fanlastic that such

unusual t cs arc bein ) . t. The' "rin ' variation into Ihe housing smck.

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The floor plans in thc l .iglu racmry hr K()rher & Salman are partly determined by thc existing situation. As a result, a considerable depth could be created and a toggia wirh extra height. That is realJy stunning. In the

1'ion dwellings hy Claus & Kaan in Amsterdam Zutdoost, rhc architects have pul1ed our all the STOpS for . tl .. lhe sake of effect� These are small blocks of f1ats with only two dwellings pcr SfOrey, \ybich are also a sort of

�rracc flat. The pear-shaped perimerer takes a bil of getting used to perhaps, bm the s aces arc racrivel ' arranged around rhe ccmral access. The floor plan is �mmcd wilh exciting rhings which make for pleasalll living.

I atso think it is im )orrant that people are ins ired fO

give t leir home an ind ivi ua I, i iosyncrntic touch. A "

fl oor lan shou ld have a SOrt of recalcitrancc, a Je 'fee ( of diHicll!t whic l proll1pts t e oecu ants t 100 for v .. - , I I I . 7 .�. persona so Uflons, SO I at t e thmk ahour how the '

�. live in t lC dwelling, when' t e ivin area \ .. should be and where the)' want to sleep. A really good ) floor plan nOt Qnly slimula(es you lO ask sm:h qucs;­tions, it also provides room for differem answers.

I The floor pbn for KromboornssloO[ has heen de­signed by De Binnenst<ld. Desi 'Iling a rcnsoTl3ble dwelling for this extrcmcly srnal p ot 2 s ua e metres) was almost a mission impos.�ible. Nevertheless, thc archItects have succeeded in creating a dwelling with a double door ar the entrance, a small [(lOfrerracc and even a small \'Qid�h gives risc ro a certain I spatia1ity_ l n (he IJ-tort�11 on Oostelijke Handelskade hy Neutelings Riedijk, Ihe mOSt interesting floor plans arc those situated where pieces of the tower have been

97

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gouged out in order tO give ir ex pression . These dwell­ings <Irc \l..11 11s11al, for example, because of the terrace ,:..vhich is (WO ston:ys high, so [hJf thc living room and the hedrooms look Out omu ir. Gcnera.rly speaking, I think thar an 3rchitecr who has to do something out of

J the ordinary because of thc external cin:umsr:lIlces shou ld scize the opportun ity with both hands, so that extra qua lities c.:1 I1 arise our of sccm ingly l imiting (.:011-ditions.

With regard to thc rcdevelopment uf the CraansiJo, a former grain warehouse, by Van Srigr, l can bc brief. I think ir's absolmelv brillianr how the architects have mal�;;ea to create a�r:lctjve dwellin '5 in the 4 x 4 mod­u e Imposed by thc sha ts o t e ori ill;1[ huj ( mg. lC

r VDi( in some nf t hem was T1�CeSSa[)' beca use t e store}' "<"height is rather low. 1 emphasize this because VOId s arc

s: imprnetical; the do not eOUll as s nare metres when � to se ling the ... propeny. However, in reHlrn

I you do get a living expencnce. which in my view is ( cxtremely import IH. T ey are communication zones II tli'7iTen:rh oc(;u an.ts 1.1 �ff cnt floors (o lave vlsua 1 C ()nt� ro.re!11<lIT1 wlthm e:lrs lOt.......

�oor plans su(;h as that for .Icllgdland by De .long, Hoogveld, Dc Kat are rather thin on the ground, which is why the project caught my eye. Ir is a semi-detachcd drive-in dweIli ng. The floor lan is sur )rising, for exarn le, because of the kitchen on the 'round floor aroun a voi(, wb ic esta ) ishes a direct relationship

.. with [he living room on [he firST floor. The orientation ro thc side is also excitin because it results in a dwelI­ing in W ICh the aog.le is spari"lh' important. I have also chosen thc floor plan of a dwelJingon E;kellweg hy

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Van Sambeek & Van Veen bt.:f.'Hlse of thc space that continues :llI the way rO\1l1d. The bedrQoJll has been �n{)n('d i!}:I.e:k . rhe1i�ng room such that the partition ) \Veen them need not )e permanent . I have a pre 1 ection for 's t e o neu tra floor "whie t e Ol'CllpanrS can org:.mizt: themselves as regards�

"'iiOn,.. -Tbc floor plan by H:lns Wagner for a luxury apart­

ment' 011 De Lairessestraat is almost in a catcgory of irs own. Thc programme for thi s dwcllin is rcally ch iC' [his is \Vita lar 'e dwe III 's should 100 I e. Cees Dam s oor plan for the lUXUf}' we mgs 011 De Omv:ll is hasel.! on a less hlxllrious progr:lmme. �(:, luxury deriv(:s from the form. I per' allv \ HJid h :lVC liked to Jltyeen.!.l.!QJc sQllm metres in tbe circular layout. I t un . i l is a shame that there is so much quibbling 3l';our mi l l imerres. such quibbling is, howevl'r, charactt.:risric of the floor plans produced in the period 1 995-96. Tod.lY, bv contrast, )eople :lre prepared lO pay more for

welmgs W le are eXC1tlng and ave an clement of drama. ..--

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ln the housing production for T996/97. (he cm hasis Jlnfortunatcly, IS on rather cramped three-room dwell­ings. I think it is important to build more spacious �cll ings. ln the ei 'hties, many new dwclling types

l wc rc designed with smaller floor plans, organize , or ""example, a round the sanitar co . And there are also

_ larger OllSC o ds wah children who would like to stay in the city. There arc nOt enough dwellings available for these groups.

Leafing through the hook by the city's housing department, I gradually shifred the emphasis from spa­ciousness to s atiality in III st::Icction of floor )Ians. � Peo le need a sli ' t ' i 'er place to live, bur thcy also nee the experience of space. II yet many dwell ings <tre cramme WIC Itt e rooms and hallways which destroy any sense of space. ,So the price rise of recent

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thc field of archilc(.'wrc and urban planning there was enormOll$ progress in many respects and budgetary freedom increased, �lI1d yet thc quality. of floor plans hasdiminishcd.

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I'her(' arc of course exceptions. S1,!fh a superh ex[er�

1{ lor space as in ( l . or bu b ' Mecanoo for Brouwcrs­grac II can rc lace rt garden. Ir is part icularly an advant­age if, :lS lere, r lete IS a dose con nection with tbc dwelling. The floor bil is moreover very flexible, very

. anrawvc indee . 't Mag-cr-zijn, a rc eve opment pro­ject hy C A S A ArchilccrCI1 , is full Qf surprising spa ces. _ Some of them acc very high and have a nlCZZ:ll1lne. I he interior COnt7l1!lS an assortment of spaces and yet ir is clearly orgnnized. ln thc dwellings on the ground floor the rc is rt paSS:lgcW;lY which leads directly to rhe public are:l outside.

ln Bob van Rccrh's floor plan for the Vinkhoek, hOllsing for the elderly in thc social rental sector, there are man s XKCS which C;ln bc interconnected by mea lS of oors ,md sliding wa s. _hc spaces, including a sun �oom, imerpenclrarc in a ·pleasing way. ln the floor plan by Reinder Nw.1 for Knooppunt. V.·UiOllS spaces are intcn:onnectcd by means of voids ;;; the front and rcar ( of Ihe dwelling. 1..his is a relaxed floor pbn which callJ o lind a loh dwclling. The occll ant has I slderable

freedom of choice in l"Ciding ow to use the space. Dc Vrolike bk by M 3 1 1 works very well spatially. The fI

-oor plan is pleasingly simple and convenienrly organized, the halls are reasonably spacious. The sliding doors to the balcony on thc upper floor are a pleasant luxury

t and another plus point is that you enter as it were from the buck, via the kirchen.

I .!.4 ft

The floor pian by Boparai for Krijn l\reursrraat is spacious. hur it would have been berter if there had been more doors to thc baleony and if part of the wall between the living room and the adjacent room had b("cn a sliding wall. This floor plan is quirc good, hur ::a few itHcrvenrions would make ir more pleasant lO live in. A plus poinr of the floor plan by Buijs & Pcterse for De Ivi::ammoet is that it is so flexible. If so desired, by removing rlle wal1 6erween the two aajacent bed rooms • a vcry large space can be crcated. The inblli1r loggia, morcover, ;-tdds a lot more qualit}' than a halcony on the f::a�'J(le.

The hOllsing produttion for T9961':J7 includes many plans for 13orneo-Sporenburg, t\\-"o peninsulas in Oosrcl iik I-Iavcngebied. Hcrc, new dwelling types \Vcrc expcrimcnrcd with, which is very cxciting because the rcsulrs arc ofren of a high quality. The floor plan h>, Bnrie .\1irallcs for housing on Borneo-eiland is very dif­fČrcl1I trom what wc are L1sed to and so will nor ::appeal

-ro cver 'onc. Thc layout is not only very spa cio us - scc t e ang e which creates a surprising visual effccr - it � also r('suhs in a great many "Mied "residual s aces', whic l can e put to a sorts of uses. Thc roof lerraC(' in the floor plan by Cbus & Kaan for housing 011 Sporenburg is of course very pleasanr, because despite the hi ,h hOLI sing density, the occupanr here has private extcrior space. e we mg IS rea )' a 1'::atIO unga ow

ln the IllIddle of the city. The adjoining roOIllS de::arly acq u i rc extra quality because of rhe patio.

The design b)' Meyer & Van Scho()[en for De Vlag­gen has a very long loggia onro which fOlJr rooms open Olit. Unforrunan:ly, however, herc too therc arc not

U5

1 ,),) 61')7

enough doors so that you can't make good use of the loggia from al l the rooms. Thar i s a pity because the dwclling itself is very simple: ir's the loggia rhal makes ir exciting. In the noor plan by Marlies Rohmer for Dl'

Vlaggen, by COnfraSI, you can circulate frecly. Herc, there is a good relationship with rhe exrerior space, The unusual choice of forms is nor only i mport:l1lr for the archirecrural expression, but il also makes the dwellings spatially more inreresting. Baneke, Van der Hocvcn designed a floor plan for Koningin \X/ilhel· minaplein with a lor of more or less open space which can he subdivided as required, a sizeable loggia and a large hall. Unfonunatcly however, this, too, is a three· room dwclling.

An importani poim is that there are not enough exciting six-room dwellings. The urban family with children W�lS neglccted for many years; everyone assumed rhar th is group would find accommodation outside the ciry. Duni income families with children also need a lot of space, because as well as bedrooms for the children, thcy usually need one or two srudies. Funhermore, individualiznrion may well result in an l increase in single·pcrson households, hUl il will never he [he case that this group will not wam relationships with others. . l ' in·lc is not a ermanenr Sla[uS' there is conswnr change, w lieh is also why we need

,. sjx1Ciolls and nexihle dwellings. Four rooms instead o[ threc; rhat would bc a considerable i mprovement. �" thirries dwellings, with lots of movable com­ponents, are ideal.

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,\n important aspect in my view is the way the user 1 l 10V�HO\lgh a d\Vclling. Thc dwelling should be air}' ,1I\d s aCIDUS so fliiit YOLl can move afound freely in it.

:lny o t lC oor p a!lS lave c losen s ow a strong ordering ability. l rhink it is a very fine collection from which l can draw itlspirarionj these are fOf the most P,lrt good solutions, which I find fascinating and srimu­I.lting. Generally speaking, though, all of thc spaces arc 100 small. t\'loreover, there is not a single, really spa­Cl()US carcass dwclling.

The design by Herder & Van der Neut for Nieuwe k.erksrraat is really a tyrant dwelling, but herc ir has hccn superbly worked oU(. It is a real architects' design;

)tou ean scaredy fir a ClIpboard or a three-piece suite in without spoiling the dweIling. The sem!aliry is limited_ IlIId fragile, hciDg dependent on the long wal l. Thar is ®y I Jill an oppol1(::nr of dwellings with a core in the 1 1 1 1ddle. Is it nor based on an idćc fixe and isn't it often lIluch better to place thc core against one of thc walls?

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I he (Joor plan hy 1\'13 1 1 for De Vrolike Eik flaps abom, . 1' II were. A corcdw('lling is often an ubstacle dwclling, hill I hi, one i<; :tIl right because of the large dimensions. I (111 1 1(, 1\ floor plan for Bel lamystraar hasn'rgor a core. hUl r.uha an op('n space in th(' middle. And you sel� ,lr.lIghtaw:ty that Ihis principle is far more pleasing. "'"ddelliy there is a hOM of di:tgonal connections, and a, ("'-Cllp.1ll1 here YOLl c:tn fit your cupboards in. That'., I lllPI)rf:tnt, hur architects give br too little thoughr to ir. I ll.:)' often overlook the pr.tetical and experiential

\ . 1 Il le and forget how important ir is for members of rhc 11IHI,ehold to have contrH.:r with cach other i n the dwcll I llg. The tloor plan of the dwellings in Willemsstraat b} l{einJer :'-Just is an example of how ir should be donc. I kre the corc has bccn left o en, whi � tlllen ( an optical conn ction Wlt 1 the space. . h, ht';lLI \ } , mze Jago Ila s.

There arc o cour Ille spacious floor plans. The de,ign for Tweede Leliedwarsstraaf b}' Kerssen Lijber� i' .1 complete house and nice and wide. And who is nOI 'l1rprised when they see the floor plan of the vil la b� O I J l in an inner court on Plantage Muidcrgrachr? Thl' vili., io; superbly organized . It is no eas}' task to produce .\ �o()d design when there are ample resources avail­.lhle. rv1an}, architects gCt it wrong then. The design Ln Cl.ws & Ka;lIl for the Kalenderpanden is really bi�. Evcrything has been taurly organized around tilt" entrancc. Ir is a pity that this large dwclling is a renova tion project, not a trend-setting new-build project.

Rob Krier's design for thc Meander is md� P:llladian, although the livi ng room is really a hall. Thh IIlt('rpretatiotl is superb. Ir is an interesting floor plan.

' 40

parrly because of the queer angles. It is clearly the work of a foreigncr, because wc Dutch don 't have the nerve tO position a wall obliquel}'. The de.!.ign b}' '� for the water dwellings in De Aker is fl very old-fa sl ' e

-1hrou�h-[Ilom' dw 's ver}' comforr­

a�e, svery'!"hin�its pla�. I�ct. it IS rl n.ine. teenth-cemurv floor bn, simplified, well orgamzed a n anractive; it radiat ui.ility.

e oor p an o the dwellings hy Jianho Kwa for [he WG site has to be scen wgether with (he double height. We ought ro do OUf best to produce more of this type, bur ir is made difficult for us, partly because of the regulations. This design is a cU[ above many other dwellings 'lS n:g;1rds spatiality and sltnpliClty. Hats off! I also like the"'prolect b�nbeek & Van Veen i n Tweede Oostcrparkstraat. This, too, is organized around an opell space, giving rise to a host..Df diagonal s ariai ;1nd functional connections. And what's more, il is fitte into fl strict 'arc lItecturai' order. This floor plan is a delight for architects and occupants.

Rudy Uytenhaak's work is remarkahI}' inconsislenr. ln Ihe floor plan for Serva es Nourstraat, the spaciou.!. hall provides a digl1ified reception; this is a dwelling yOIl reall}' can rerurn to proudl}'. The man}' doors make

cxeiting sp'Hial connections possible. However, when 1 look at Uytenhaak 's floor plan for Feike de Boerlaan, l really think he should go on holiday. The rouring throligh the dwelling is a toftUOUS Circuit i n rhe dark. Vou h:lVe to pass through a �ort of broom cupboard if ) 011 wam to go upstairs. And ar (he top of [he stair� }'OU walk straight into a blind wall. Everything is �mall ;lIld l'nt1osed; this is si !ll pl}' no good.

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Pcrhaps it is pardy due to the urban design scl1l"1 I 1 < Jkc:wse i f that forces }'ou to design floor pJans in wb" J I people have to enter their horne v ia a space meaSlIII l i j', one metre square, then something's wrong. Ho\\ n < I. other architects have made a belfer job of ir. The II. ,,'I plan by..b;1 VR !)� for Borneo is unusual because II I' exrremcly long and Ilarraw. J think this is rl good dt'''I�:11

I in pranice, because the narrowness is repeatedl), 1 1 1 1 1 ' 1 rll ted by rotrusions alon ' the wid h of thc dw 1 1 l!J'" wlt 1 a voi and a roof terrace, lt works really \\t l l , precisel y because of the extreme dimensions. l ili" design by Heren 5 for Borneo is a coredwc11ing, but , Im one is extremcly long and therefore fascmalllll:

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Bc<:aL1se there arc angles in the floor plan you call t i t your cupboards in withol1t spoiling the intended "1', 1 tia l effect. Thc dimcnsions of thc section where )U I I enter the dwelling arc again far toO small, bur hen' \hl\ is compensated for by (he enormous space elsewhcH' III the dwelling.

The floor plan by Hohne & Rapp for Borneo h, 1\ cxtreme dimensions ;:md yet is has considerable tr,111 quiI1it}'. The staircase is large, and a tre:l( awa its rOli I I you go ups(:lirs. This i s really superb, a classic, a fir�1 class design. It has a marvcUol1s sense of spaciol1�m'�� together with a strict and ordcrl)I layout. It revcal� .1 cenain fascination, an obsession, and yt.·r ir must hl' ,I del ight to live in. This i� how it should bc donc!

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STATE OF A F F A I H S

Schulze & Van Dijk have joined together three existing buildings on Prinscngrachr in an unusual ro·cct that shows creariyiry. [n particular the wide dwclling on the �d floor, in which the rooms are inrercollnecred I and draped around a spacious enrrance hall, is yer)' exciting. This i s also because there are.-nyo focal pojn!; in the dwcll�h.sliving room and rhc Jarge d in i ng rOOlll. In this floor plan, members of the household

�neet. but rhcy can also avoid each other if need bc! IGerard Anderiesen l

ln [he Narwal project by FARO, spatially superb mini-units have been combined with a balanced maxi­version . These dwelli�are exuemcly flexible a.!ld )'et�y [he�nit:.. This scheme shows thar m a k.illg tllCiil"i)S[ of the available space can resuh in very effective solutions. Ir i s good to see a H A T unit (for one or two persons) again; students and other young people want tO have an aHracrive place to li ve too. ILie�berh van der Poll

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The floor plan by M V it lJV for the Silodam project i� \'l'ry unusual for :l loft or living/work ::lu.:ommodatioTl 10 he realized in new-build. A striking feature is the hreadthways orientation in which the heavy srabilizing l'On<;lrUClion forms as it were a screen bl'twccn thc opcn living/work Sp:lCC and the glazed b\ade. I Dick van C ;;lnlCren!

The floor plan by Dicner & Diener for the I- Ioogwer! project ' innava tive bcc<1use chere is no hieran.:h ; thl' design is wholly 'earec! to cxibility in use. There arl' (Inc ou te Iy super visual e eC(s an spatial relarion-) .,hips in this dwclling. rt-Ian Michel] This floor plan i., qu ite strikin : the traditiona I la your with a hierarchy in the size of the rOOI11S has heen a la n once ; t e spacn for l iving, working and sleeping arc the same size and are completely interchangeable. l D G J

- Rudy Uytenhaak's Hoop Liefde Fortllin project is an ingenious stack ing of four large dwellings in which cach dwelling has a from door at ground level. A� thc vertical connections add nothing tO the dwellings sp::lti::llly, one wonders whether a porch access might notbcmoreeffcctivc· I D Gl

The dwelling type with central corridor in thl' B::lravia project by de Architekten Cie. h::ls a simple lay­out but provides considerable flcxibiliry as regards use. If the short section 011 thc corridor is used as a bedroom, the long srorey is then completely free for othcr func· tinns. rH!.!1

The project Baravia by de Archirekten Cic. is :1 varian! on {he corridor type. Thc diversity of floor pbns within the building is greater than is usual with this ::lccess s),stem and attenrion has ::lIl>o been given ro

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orientation. In order ro chll"idare this, I have chosen two floor plans from the project. The corridor dwel ling i s reinterpreted in this project. I Ver::l YanovshtchinskYI

The corner dwelling ill thc Rotonde project by archi­rect Franz Demblin is more or less a combination of the Tropenpum and the Water"l.uiveringsrrommel. You live in these floor plans, as in a doniQ!l ... �·u:.o.r.ding to the mono 'my home is 111 ca .' . Pcople quite often live accor mg to this motto in dct:Iched IlOlIses. You can do so herc tOO, because happily something unusual has been permitted at the corner of a bloc:k. IFer FcldcrJ

l n the renovation project for Lederambadltstraat by Van Sch::lgcn Architecren, dwellings have been joined together in an exempbry m::lnner. Given rhe situation in the block in Osdorp, rhis is an optimum result which has produced a very comfort::lble large dwelling. IGAJ

ln the project for Dc Aker hy Wing<.'nder Hovcnier an ingeniaus solution has been found for a familiar problem, namely how ro accommodate a complete dwelling programme and storage spaccs within a lim­ited module. Because the storage spaces here have been placed ::llrernateiy at thc front and the rear of thc block, thc dIstinction between front and back has been down­played in conformity with rhc programme. jvv ] r The floor plan by Van Gameren & Mastcnbroek for the Watcrzuiveringstrommci, designed for the interior r l of a former sewage purification pbm, is quite ::lmazing!

I lt 'is the mOSt bizarre floor plan of the en tire f 998 9 9 ---��-r��7,T,T.1�",,��r;nrl��e,r����� ovcrV1CW. I hose qmrky rounded and curvcd forms arc �h. Th� dt:sign {ircs the imaginarion.] I" l l

The floor plan for Ganzenhocf Centre, tO:l design by Kees Christiaanse,

.will bc a delight to li\'e in. Note the

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"unkcT1 kitchcn "nJ thc indirect relationship between (hc living room and the rear section. The interreimion­"hips within thc dwellingare spatially superb. lL!')

Ouinkcr. Van der Torrc's floor pb ns for the Groene­\'et'n,>cherlll are balanced, flexible and - partly because o{the vojd -�cly anractive. [ •. 1')

I he Tropenpunt hy Erick V:ln Egeraat contains floor pbm. wirh markcdly long fa,adc surfaces and a magni­(iccm view of a bC(l l1tiful section of the starcly Maurits­kade. Large qu:ltuities of glass have been used Ul rhl" tH;ades, affording a good view of the SHeet below. ll" l·J

The project by Lafour & \XIijk for Park De Meer is one of the few examples from '998-99 i n which differ­entiation has been sought in an open location. Small interventions, such as the inward-juning balconies and spaces which respond (o each other, neate a sense of spaciousness. This is a commendable .mempt to avoid predicrab le pokiness. Ic. A 1

The scheme by Zeinstra Van der Pol for Meerhuizen­plein is a superb varianr of an access gallery. The floor

lallS look sim le hm the are flexible as regards byout an use. Thc owncr-occupic wc mgs arc spacious, which is a good thing with a view ro their huure valuc. Rcgrcrtably, thc social rCllwl dwellings are smaller. 111 ,\\]

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f/oo'Mca: l 08 m'. wrrido'; w"'· mimo",J bl': A ,mtdhn.r V"'lg"".!; design: 1 'i�_1; rNlio"d I,},_ T,"r",,",,' bv.l lcih" '��j

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rino' ari''', I o� !ll'. corridor: com­"""<i(),,�J by: \\'ooJ1,rich,ingUe Kr)"; dc;'g": ' 9')4' reJ/;,rd i»),: \:\olLwbedriJf 1\1.J. de Nij, iX 7n, War!llrnh"i"'ll, I���

fk A rchm'<"I("1'g")<'P ){ ijlll�)ull R",j"!"I""'" I !cIlJ,ik, Von (;cltneren \ t"'cnl\f(,,,1; . "uh,idited owner­,,<'cupied hOLJ,in)!, '>ch�h ish(�)fd. p, �2

F/"orarC(l: 7 J "" .po"�d-" .. n·,,,'d; wm"u";o,,ed l"y:GH uTl\wikh­Imp rtl ,":xploitJti(·",""t",h"ppii b, A,,,'nddlt; d">J!jn, I � � , : ,�a/i,,,d I",: fk,,,w!,,,d,iii V "" Jcr (;,al\! h,', A"""ddil, ''i�4

De Archilecte")!fOep I Dick '-an (,.,meren. I\prn< .\b,rmbrU<'k. with PJddy j'omrs�n. Leo dt· W,ntnl 'Ue Water7.lIlwflng>r,ommd'. ",arke, "'<"Torow'l(·'·'-K�"pi!"d ho,,>,,,!;, T"'lj"kM1",,,,, PI'_ j iS-l7?

d l ('

fl, "-" �,,'a: I 44 m', l�"cI, access: (ommis,m,,,,d l»)': lJ.ouwhednlf ,\1.J. de Nij, &: Ln. WarmenhulLen; Jc,';W" 1 999; rc.lliud IJy: Ilouw h"d,ijf I\.I.J, de Niis & Zn. Warmenhlllun, '-coo

,\ llame Auher d·i\r.:h"t"Clure rl ,rUr�"ni,",e with Marc &

N.lda �reit",all ' ·Noorderhof. """ht "."ctorowner ()("lLp,ed b"""ng. A.J_ KropnoI1ersrf.l .. t. p. 117

rt"or�'("il' 1 3 6 m'. �rO\lnd Jc-""""d: am",,,,,,,,,,e,J i,.y: II, ""illg "orpomtio" Het On""I!; dcsig": '995: realized by: Hille" &; I\o<)senb.-.A",,,,,d,,,,, [99X

il;"'ck,·. Van der Hoeven Ar(huek,," \\." ht-"x,mownn--o«:"p,e,1 1"""iH)I, K'lIliHgiH W'i1il("l!TliH�plcin.

l' ' l � H'�" "rI�" 9 \ "" , I"""� "<',,.S'; (,,,,,,,,;,;;(med /)1': Dc Princip""I; d<,s;W" j 9')4; ,""kcd I,y: VC","""" 11""w b,"-Hoofddorp. '9�8

\ .11' I\<',k,-I & flo. · Marke! s<"Ctor " w"cr-''''"''picd �ol1sin!;, 1'" ","'11,, k ""''''''11. 1'. 64

1 1'#Jfa,,,a: I I j !Tl'. grnUlld-��,c'''''d; , "",,,,i,,';,,ned /'-'" �Il,i,', J>.", w-1"" I'l1lh.-, I\e,'erwljk:de,ig", '99 t ; ,,· .• lized by: Smit 's lJ.ouwhedriif b, . IIncrwljk. l�93

II"", I)" Ilinn,·",r,d {N.J. K"'pcr) ' \ \,' '"''' -,,:ct ur O w" cr -oce up ",d I" "1'lIl);. Krom"",)"",I'�)1 11. p_ ,oo

U. ""art"" 107 "!". ):rnu"d-ac"",,,,d; , " "",,,<;i,,,,,'d i)y, lk lli" n�"""d b,·, d"Sll'.'I: 1994; re.J!;:ed 1>)': I'i" Vrrtt'lman bv, 1996

,\r,·h""k"·,, b"r"�" llop",,, .• ,,' ",i.!lc, \< ",i" I '("I"cd hUo>sing. ""I" llreLJ''''''"I,p_ ' > 5

i " Jm",cJ: � 1 "l', 1�,,�h '''�"''; " ,,,,,,,iss;(mcd ,,),: DLml !I<)"w I\","erd.!nl bv wili> lIuilding Sneiel)' 1(, ... hJ_,le; de<ig", '99�: mi/hed I"" Dil"" Ilouw Amsterdam bv. 1999

Ik.",h 1 1,,,k,, · �",i"1 n'nt",1 hOI"ing. &','·'''ikhtl'l�il', 1'. ("

i-/(){)r,,'cJ: ' Z � "" , !�,,�h "C�l:'"

wm",;;s;one.! hy: I lo",;nl\ corporation Om I\d"n�; desis": [994: reaked by: Imer'Jm ',"O(),d-W'"'t.19�4

!Illii' & PCI<'''"i''''''e<,tiy John nuii­Architecten! . 'De M,"m11""'·. Ill�rket -,eclor ow" .. t-ne�upicJ i\()USln)!,Sum.llra","", \ I-�" p. , )2

N()(" "re�, I , � m'. gall,,}; "'''''­m;" wned b,': Wonmgbedrili Am'tc,,"'m; de'i�": 1995; r("ahud by: H.-dde, Ilo"w b,-, I k",r�. r ��7

fCA ' A ard,it�", .. n · "'t 1\1.'g-.-r-,ijTl·, Ilurk"·",,,!or own�r-occupie,j housi"�. W'a[er!nrenpleill. p. L '-X

/-loor.Jr".�: I I I 1TI'."rnund­.K"�s",d, (()mmi;s;(med i>}';Snchting 't -,jdg er'liin: '/"";1[": I ��7' ml/,,_eti iiy: Coen I 1""cd""", I�"",' 1;". I hli,." ", ''i��

Kee, cr",,,iaan<e Ar"i>ile�" 1\ Plann", '(;anlenhoelcrm,u,n', ,,),:lal rented hnusing, El<rijkdred. p, [81

rioor �r�'" , H.8 !Tl',p<lr<-hac,,,,,; '"''''''''>$''''''''' by: H RG Vh!�u<'d b,-. Rii'wiil; d�li!;,,: I �9.\, tok

reali::ed iJ)': >< Hf: \X',,,,illg-l>,,uw hv. "I",er�

K..." ChmtlJ�nse Architect, &

PIJnne" . .\hrhr-""ctnr owner­occupied ho"" ng. Van H" Il,trJ�'. p, 86

FIt.x>r.Jr�a: 101 m". [ofrIdar; wm,,,,ss;mwd ln': SrKhtiTlg r""pl:m; ,!""!jn; I Y�-!' r/"llil",d

ity: ll;,uw-I",.J,iif �1"w, ,'''Tl (;"lll hv. "mcr'('�"t. I 'N�

� E l.r.C:TED F L O O R P L A N S

1': • ..,5 Ch",,,,,.,,,,,, ,\" h" ",-1< & f'1�"nc..,, · SI"d,,,. ,uh<,d"ed remeti huu,,"g. Sum.llra�.1d�.p. ��

(/'"";J1I';J: , '! m'. J'Or.:h A«ns: UJ"""'"'<m�dh.\·" , 6 61'1 Bou,,"; '/eJlt": '??l: ,ealludb)": Bou" mmbm�nf JJ��·�,I�,,<l H.I. ,??H

Cbu,,'" KH" \",hll."<.,cn. <,o,,:'AI 1"<"""-.1 h"u,,"�. Ih""tn \\:' ,cr'''�r·

"r�"'II·' o. p. f' 1'1""',, .... .1: f'" m',,l:round J'�$!;('d: ",,,,,,,,,,,"',,.,/ h,·, Ilons'''1l �orporAuon l'fwn df Ke}': do,X": 19':11: .�,./lu" b)': G"�'ld', ik>u""maJI!><:luPP;I I,, . '9':11

CIJUH" KJ;O" Aro.hO!l'clell ' �"b" d,-,.:J r"n,�d h,,,,"n�. 1\'llmerdrcd.I). 9�

r" H"","'." '17 III', !:rounJ .\"fSleJ: ,.,,,,,,,,;wi,,,c" /)),1 Ikit.' "' .. "\,m[�,dJm: d"s.;.:�: l ��4: 'MI.ud "," 1l<)IIlo,jW bv. AmSterdam. ,���

Cb"' fn Kaan Ar.h .. ,·,,,·,, . ·K�kndcrpand",,·. " ,",rkcl';;ce,,,, OWn",·,;>« up.ed ho"'",,I:. F"rr"l',�d,,� 1I"T·<)M. pp_ '�"'-1�7

Ho",,,,r.l: ,"'o m'. porch JeCf'S: <rnnm,.smntJ 1»': Aqua,,', b,': J'''Xn: '9';1j.'u W-r�.Jlsu,<lby; \',nk Bonwb�

CI�".c" Ka"" ,\",hnt-ucII ' ·P,on· "un'''II-"'''. ,ul",d,�!"d o .. ner·,,"uplcd huu�nll1-' (;ul<kll�ru'\p"d. ,... I 19

r/'''''';JtU' 'O! m'. por.:ha«ns: rommlUlOm'Jb)" l)eha rUA Am"�rdJm "'uh Bur Buu .. m,uaucfb,·. Alkm�Jr;d($'W'" .. 91: rr,u/zedb)': Iku Ro"" I",. AI�"""".

1 .... 7

CJa"$�n Kaan Ar,hi,,,-,,.·,, . -'brle,· <l('<ror ow"n·"'''''-''I';c.1 h,,,,.;,,jI., ['dn.mabdc.p. , q

riOO'J'f'tl; , \� 11I',jl.ffiund·"ccn...-d, ronrrl1l»rr",�'/ li)'; N� .. · o<-al b,', d� .. }:,,, ' 991: U.l/,�M"'·: \"Oi Lk Ruli..,,,c. 19?':I

Crut & Ornz lA. C"I7� ' �u!'<;di,.eJ rrnrcd hu,,'mg.J .... ,bd�. p. �'"

Fioo':I'c,,: , ,-m'. porch"«"",, rOll' ..... s,,,""oI h)·: ,'-H . H 1" . til",,,,: d�s,�,,, ' '''94: .uli::edfo)": llou", '<lnlhn,.l"�j.,,.,,·�,land \"of. [\1':16

C«. O.lm & I'"mers IRob EI��n hrood! . 'Ot Om",,!". mark,·,· <;«10' owner ",,,,upi"d hUIl,ing. Wrr'JW17l1d,·. p. I , ;-

rlV(,r ar"�: t o .. nl'. I>o,ch acc�,,: nJIIlm"-s,,mrd by: ()mv.l h,-: "r.,w" '99�: re""�l'd /')': �Iokker bv. 1 1 ,,;I,on, '??7

hanl CidUd,,,s Dembhn & W3h�rC<"Tm'k . 'Dc ROl<>"dc" m .. rkr,·,,-,-lO' """""'r-f",c"l';�d hon .. o", Slorc",..,..,rIHn. ,... '7'"

fili'" "'�.J: 9- m'. jl.fo"nd·ac"�'led:

mmm,.,;onN ",.: Ho""ng ,,,,,,,,,.,;on HM Oo.'en, d�s'xn: 199-;rrJk:. .. d/ry: 1\o" ... btdn)fJ.I". n..·"",.u,,k ... h., WJrm<'TIhu"-,:,,. �OOO

D,tner& D,cnc. Arch;Itkt�". ·lloug",,·rI�. ma.lc,·=lor ,m n,'.oc.:up,cd hous;,,&. �I" n Rur'plam"",,,. p. l �l

, HR

Hoo':"',J: JO} m·. gall�ry;w"'· ,,,iS$i,,,,�d b}': Am�,dland \'a "g'I'--.i; d�srK�' l \19 j. /o hto r .. "hR,! /"': Koopm�'" (Iou"-g"-",p

, . � \. A ... h"�k!,·,, ID ... h Tl(>bbch,,,. 1 1,·,nl.ll1 dc Ko'cI. p."IJ,· VTOInnl · 'u,..,.d,,,·d " .. 'n'·T·""'''I,,�d hnu\n,jI.. .... ·"' .. "d"cr<J.��,. PJI. 'U)" l'

H"",,,.�.J: , � � m·.jl.fOund·ac.. ..... "'d, .. ,""mt>wmeJ 1»': "'�'" 0<-31 h,': '/"" 8'1: '99$:,..�I/:�dbv: "of D<.­II�Jh'�lIc. ''Iy-r

Ilmll�" r V dn ,k-. TOrTI' . ..,,,,,:r,. ''''r�''"d,' "1'\.'1"10"10'" • • ( ,.(l(""�\'ttn· ... hcr," •• 11,., r� tJ .<,t>,;. ()(" "" 'ICr -<><XU p,�J h. " "'"II. B.,Jmcrdr'fff. p. l S �

'-/,.o'.!'M: 9� nl'. p"r(h J«ns; co",· "um", ... d b)': o<-h� II,", Am".rda",. !, .,:tlher w .. h lkouwbt-d"lf ;\'I.J. Je r-,'I> & Zn. W�rm<'nhu''''n;deSfg'': I '!��: tl) Uf rr,1/iud /'y: llouwl"'d';I!

\I.J . • Ic NlI, &. 711. W",n1(·"h";,,·,,

I '" , , ,k,'r V�" Je.TMr�. '.1m�l1· II'.-tl" tldr "rdHI��I�n . �-.c'JI r�mrd ". ''''''',.::. VrnlihJrJJI 'Ol" lb. p. 'j7

Uu.".!"..., JO� m'. I",,,,h a"'�": , '!lIIIII'SS;Pltl"d h: Gcm��m�hlk W'''''"gh.:dTl)fO:n!rum·Oosr: .I'-" KIt: '�\I3; ,,·.llo: .. ,llr,., T • ..,r�""'" h •• l k,IJK" '1111\

I " , l 'JtI' ):tT"�! ,\,,<"';JfM . , "'P'·"p"",·. mJrkC',"-';lor o"·,,.r·

'''' "1".-..1 housmg • . \l3unT�k.ad�;IO' � [ • I', , H I

I I'H""'r�: " � m'. p"" h a�,:c»: • """'U15'Oll,,/ bY: 0... P.m,,!"'." .Ir�.�'" 'Y\l�;rl".lloudlry: 1\0"",. 1 ... ·d",' .\I.j.<k: "';I�&Z", \!,'.It""·"h",,.�n. lOUU

• � � " " "h'!'-':I�" . So.;ul ",mN

l .. ,u,ot'it. ( .r("� ll,cktrs,TraJt ��. p. I 6 � , I"", ,"" ,1; �� nI'. p,,,,,h 3c,e,,: , "''''''IH" ",,,d li)" De j'fI""'paal: .I, "�,,. ,���: tn bn��I;'r.1 /" , ,"" ""I,or W,·" .-I, A""Tnd.""

(,l'IH'" &. '>,.'I",I/x l k .... h"I/�' \brk� ... ,,,,,,,, o ... "�r .. "",u,..,td ho,,<;njl..lt I ourmal�,. p. �8

Hoo'JT�": I JO m-.)l.fuunJ J,'cn�J: WmmJHIOIICdb,-, \\',lma l\u,,.. b" Je>lgll; 1'1':13: '''.Jhudi»'; ,,',Im� lk",,,,' hl-o ,\m,,< ... d.,m. '9,1

(;rr�n�nddal l'.. O� \ flt�· ;\'Jrkt! >«101 " ... n�r·"""up,ed hous,n!:. Keiursl':rachl-10.I'. �o

Hoo,,,,...J: 80m'. I"""h J«�" wm"""io�rd b,'. Ch�prul': <I"SJg�, '9;1.

G ... .. :ncn.l.,, 1 & [),. Vr,,·, _ Pm.n,· h, ''''':. Ko,.,,· r ,�;J",d\\ " r", ,",'.n � , . p, �5

/"ln", ",,':1: 19 m', [>Oreh a<Xt": comm;w(med "�)', pm-JI. ind, '-JJ u.ti: j,";gn, 1993

V.n I-Ie�fde,, · .\Jarhl >l'"lU'''''''''·'­....-cup,ed hOUM"!;. 'Dc W;n< K�""T', KrilCTS!;,,,h, 4H·H�. p. b.,.

F!.-.o, Jr��: '-I m',)tround·a.:ct<''oCJ: w",,,,,,,,,,,,cd by:'1 Hoofr·

l ... ",�, "of: dC';K'I: J\I�H

Htrdrr�" V.lIl dtr NtUf Ar<hlf<'(t,·n . .\larkM sr"<:lorowner o..;'"p,,·d h ... usmg. "WC.K"Tb,,�", 1 1·6�.1" ,��

rl''''':lrM; ' ' \>II'.):dlle,):com· ml>$1O""J /ry: Ilt P'''''''I>.1al; d�gn; '�9�: 'C.JII �Mh,·, i!ou .. ,. nI�a,,,,hJ"'p., 8u"enhu,� h". '---"nd",...,r. '999

H�rtn .l Arch",:.,cn · M .. k.·1 ",,,, ... r uwn�r <Kcup" .. 1 hou,m!;. n.,."".bd,·.

1' - ' .I� Hoor �".�: • , 6 n" . !(",u"J·,'u�, .... ·d: c<",,,,,,,,,,,,,r.J h", N,'w 1),·.Li bl : de"!!", "!'!�: r" I,�" ,," I:r'/ ,,, ",f I)� k".,h',If'"

S E L E C T E D F L O O R P L A :"l" S

T'Hl 11,,1 ARhm·ktcnl>"w · "!arket ><-""r(.r'.w''''r-",,�''pit'd ho",m);, !kIL,m)'''r",,' l,,-t7,P_ ' 5 "

Noo, �"''': N " m', l�>r"h-,,"�",,; cnmmi.;irmed I,),: '-<HJthfurk; Jesi}!,'" 199'>; ,""liud lj}': ,\b",.,

Jl.ouw en Aanne""ng,bedriif I"" '�Y;I

Ih,h" .. & R"pp ' r"",n,' hu",",. \c1"'cp"""""�rTTl"n,,,,,"r.rp· t,I6 [ 5 i

fl,w, ar<'ol: '-�c m', �w\\"d-au;",,",d; ,",!I!lm,,-,'ioneJ ho' Pn ,'.t<- i"d,vid", I: design: 1?9S: re"k .. d by, hM,k Km b\", �OOO

p,. Jung, Hoog,-dd, lk KJt iK. de K.t[, ,. �klmani ' 'Jeugdbnd·. nurh(­,,'.--c!Oruwncr ,,,:cupl�d nous\\lg, (;,J. \che,,,Ic"nHtdflLl i k ,lotnmc,rd1Ik, p. ' I �

N()()r olTe,1: ' 47 "t'. !\")Lmd-""�e",,,I; cn",,,,i<sin,,ed I,;,: IIL,,,,,,h,,,,d Eurowo!linl\en h, ]t"'lcrd,,,,,; d<"Sl}!,'" 1995; ,",'k'ed I,),: Wil",. !Iouw b,', Amsterdam, 1998

OeJollg, l lO<Jgvdd. De Ka( "'arh(­,cet<" ",med no",illg . . \-b r;e Hc,,,,,h'''plci,,,p, 56

/-I()N!),e .. : , ' L 111', �"lkry; ({)1!! "'i;sioned I,y: Omwi k k�1 i1\1\

Ilrouwer;l(erre,() ,v: design: J 99.\; Teali,cd by: H,ll." & Kf>O<.t" hv, Am,(aJJm. '995

I(c",,'n Lijocrs Ar.h;te<"1en .\ '" rk�I-"-,,,"'r ()wne,--;xwplcd ilnu,i"R with "'Mb 1'''''', T "",",,,Ic Ld;.d" ar",,"", '-0-'-4, 1'. ' 4 4

�I()()r ,,,e,,: I LO r\\', ):",,,,,J-"""",,,'<I: C<J",,,,is<i(mcd by: ZOnItr, BLJil�fl d"'dopmenrcompa,,)';d,'sixn: 'Y97; realized by:Opaalnu" b,'. ,�m'terd'm,2ooo

"lund .. Ar"ili(ec(en (Ritn tk Ru;,,'r) . . ,\,jlrador',,� b,idi7.ed ()w"�r-occup;td hotmng, O,dQrpl'l�;n_ p. J I �

FI<X!r ",e,,: I 'o m'. porcn ae,,�,,; ({)""'""IOned by: ! N G V."):",,d­ontw;Ht'!;ng:. P,' n Ha�l:; .1�siX": , ;I��; IN!J:�d bvc ' " C I>ou"�mep :-:cdctl:Htd 1",_ ll.",. 1 Y��

Ki)]her en Salman ;\rch;("" "" ,

'LIght beIor"-, m"ke(-'"'''t''' owner'""nlpied hou,ing, <;iOt('rbde ,6t-168.p, t t r

r;h"-,, are�; [ :.:. nl', g:round "" -.,,,,d/ ""rr;do" (()"","sslO,,,,d by: De Pri",ip""I; "e,,!:n: ,��6: "wlr,ed I,),: I bId", B""", '\m"crdam b,'. , "";I

Koh Krlef &: Chri,(oph );;"hl ArchitekIen 'Ue.\ l.and ... , n"'rk�(­,,'<:tor owner ",--eupi,d nou,ing, Va" I bll,(ra't, p. '48

rtO<Jr �reJ; �7 m". poreh acc,,,, ''{)rIJO''",slO''cd by.-H01t>lng CMP,",I1 io" I Icl 0, "ten ",it h De Lnci; de<i"n: ,�� l: ",,,Irud b}': Ilouwhedrijl ,\l.J, .Je Nij' & Z". W--.lfJ11enhui1..n, 2=0

Ar<-h,te,-t�nhur"u KW3 ' "brh(­"�tor owner-occupIed hou,mg "'nh wml-p""c, T"'"",k Con't,mtlln I ln;g""''''''''',r· 14'f

FI{J""lrt�: 'j� "" , �round­ace""",<!: I.'o""" i,;"",,,d l,),: J {ou,ing corp.o,"li"" Ile, 0" ""',, ,J"_<lgn; '993-'999' jobe ,eo1li,�d li)': Bouwond�f -n�min): .\leye"

190

S E L E C T E D I ' L O L l K I ' I .. \ N \

,\rc"i,i[cc,cnhurr> L. UfOUf &: k. \\!lIk · �1."keHec1Orowner oc<:upoed It,,,,,,ng, l'rJ(erban, p. l S4

/-IrJI" J"W: 1 14 m'. por�h ""''''': " 'II/m,ssio',ed Ir)': Park D" .'Ic"r",: ,hsig", lYYS; r"�k('d /r .. , "","nkli;l" 8A "-�""'I'N v, Il"nnik, 'M

,\lc,,',"" '" arcn,,�c"n ' MarKet "'nor '''' ner-occupied hOl",ng, IIr ' ,,'" e"gr aC'ht 280 .8:., p_ 1 :. �

11""Tare.,; " :' m'. pocch ,'''U'," "" """'''SlO'''''' /'J" Dc Prutc'pa.ll; dfSlb"" I y�6; r,,�li ,,,d hy: J. \chcu rer &: Zn. "\,,,,,nd., ... , J99S

I ,.,.,rd" \'k�, :lrdHle"[ _ Studio, ..... r k �t -"-",,,or O" lt �r -<>cr u pled h. ""i "),;, Splnoza''',lJ( 3 �C. p . • " I

l'loor ",e�, '.\ 8 m'. p<J,,,h "�"""; ,o"""i,;"",ed b�: Marto",' M""-,,

de.,,!:n: [��5: real",'" h': E,,,i,,,, ly�6

\h'I"'poli, I I I "reh;(",(en iEdw;n Smit, I ''''!LJen �[�ijge"l . I'rivare nou,"" l\u,k<lmerdijk, pp, 7�-7 3

l--hu"J,,"," 165 m", pound-J,u·"",l: ,-""""issiollcd by: Oud,hO<Jm f",,,,ly, Amm-rdam;d"si<:,,, '�'f l; ,,.,,1;0,,,1 ('J: Rij "d"",, ,'\n"'�rdJm, '�Y4

�k;-cr & VJ" S..:lIOO(en Arehneeten· ' 1)0; VI"l'$e,,', marht-"""'fowner ",,\Jpi�d ilou,in);_ Ladogameerhol/ N;,St"mraaulnaus[[Ja,. p. '3r.

1'IO<Jr",e�: �" m'. gJllny; com­"""'lOm,d by: Woni"gJxdr;;t I\r,,"ef(t�nt with r..)LlWW�Tk; rI"'f);'" I 'f�6, T<:o1lio,,<I /'1" D"r:l 1�)\lW 1\""t""L011> 1",_ '999

r. �],r."h', IX B, T.,�liJhLle Anl\l;"',:k'''\''o,i.\lCS -'Llrket ,.",n\[ o\\'llcr-;"'cLljl,eci h()LL,jJlg. \chttl'<linHn�rnum1ra.l1,p. [33

Hnnr�r .. ", 198m',gf()l\flJ ac,es<�d: «m,,,,;,,,,,"c.i by: SITllt, l\ol\wb<J"lih. f\t-,'erw;jk; de.,iw" , yy�; ""tlized b)" �n"" rh"", 1�:dTijf I" , ]k'-e'" ilk. 19Y�

,, \" � IH' .-\rchi"cten, "",,h Will"m Timm .. , Ari.n .\juIJer, Fr,,,,, de \\';ae ' 'Womco'. so,:i,,1 r�n!ed hou,ing tor th,· ..Iderl)' . Ookmt'"rw,-g, p- �!

fI(;(;r�rea: lj m', �"Iln;', mm­m;;;,,,,,,,,,, I,y, I ICll,,;n� �oq�",ltIO" lin 00,1<'11: (k;i!!", 1 ;194; r"" lized by: Jn1<'","'" N(�"dwe,(, 1 997

M \, " 1)v!lr"h"�,,en Pm·,lIeh",,,,·. \ch""pwmmrrrn.ns(r.a( �6. p. ' j ,I

HOI'Ir,,,e�: t77 m',g,ol\nd-,"�,\" ,,:d; commi5Sio",·d b�, Pr;,·o,,· ;,,,Ii,,;d,,,,I; d""!;'1: l ��$, n'alw,d h', T C�TC""r" b ... l kil,�" '��'1

,, \' R I)V I\rch;(",(en _ ·",Iodam·. """kct-'c'<.'lOr ()wner-occup;.d ]'o",inl\, W." .. d()bdllk, p. J 70

FionrJ""" �I7 m',comdor; mm­",issio,,�d by: lJe Pn"�ip,,,,1 w;tlt R,bo Va'tg:c�:d; d,·,,,;;,,, '�9H: m�li,ed by: f\o",,,,,,,,,,h;nalie Gra",,,;I,,', ""t. '-COD

"3H �rch;"'<:(",,r (Han, Hamm;nk. �jad,id �paa", -'hre k�n;.", Marco He",,,n} ' S.0<. ... 1 reni"d h()lI,;n),;, VJnderl'kng<·I>(r�",p. I l O

r/"<"MeJ: � 3 m". �rO\ll1d-a�c"''''J: COl1lmisslO"c.i by, N.,,,, Oe,,1 h" drsigl1: I ��(,: "'" lronl ln-: ,'oi De Re"Ii""" .. ,�y�

S E L E C T E D r L O O R I' L A :.J S

M J H "rcl,it�C1LLL" . 'fk \'ro); ke bk' ilocJt;m, ,i, r""rk�" ",ctur owner·occupied ho",in);. Vro!JkSlm.lt 11 J -1�1, p_ , I I

Floorarca: 87 m',g,,))"r)", cOm­",isslOned I>y: HouSJng �nrp""" II)" I le, Oo,t.node,;!;", '996: ,,,,,/ized by, Vin k no"w lw, ,��"

.\\ lJ] archi,rctuUf 'Dc Vrolih' E,k'

Ilo(�,iorl !i, "" ,h" -"""tur owner-occlJr'e.j hou>i"�, Derd,' Oo'terparhtrJatJEikenw��, p, ,60

Flo", arra: , to m', »orch "e�e,,: W''''!lJS5IO"ed /ry': Het ()osten, tl""!;,,, ,�y6: re"li;r,j by: Vink Rouw b,', ,y,)S

Ce<", N");dk,,rh· 'W()n,'n '000', market-,eclnr nwncr-""'''''picd hou",,)!. ROle"gra<ht " " 1'_ 7 '

FI()()rare�: ' 0 9 nl', " .,rch ,,�;:c,,: wmnJt5sumed /J)': Huih I",kk�r nouw; drSl!;n: 1994' r�ali:"d l»),: Ih,ib B"kker lX",w, 1997

Neu,eli,,!,:' Ri"di;k A,,'hn":l<"n ' 'Jj-to,en', .\brh,-""�turown"r occupird hou,iHg, OO,lC!;I '" H.ndd,kade, p. '07

Floor"",,: J 50 tn'. roteh "CU"" <"0""",,,i'>'11'd by, llL1uwh""d Eurowonongl'n bv, Rotterdam: de;lgn, ' ��J; f�alhed by: Oma IkHlW A,mr",,,.,n b,', 1995

Archit""",,,ilu,,',",, Rcmd," Nu,t· 'He< Kn()()ppu!l" , m."k�'-",ctor owner-occupied hou,i!lll. G<J,-ert flmckstraal '93,1'- I )o

FI()()rarr.7: I 18,5 m', �roLJ"J­,,,,,',,,,,,,d; ",,,,,,,;ssioned /J}': (}w!l"r, ",,,-,"'.tion 'He[ Knooppu,,,': delJ!:n, ,y�6, re"[,;,,d by: .-\m"e),lie ! "'HJW b", I."",h"" "-'I, '997

Archj{&:,enl""",'LJ R"U1dcr Nm, l\-'larkeH&:'or "",ncr-''''c''picd, Willemssrraa{ ,- , l, p. ' 4 ,

/-Ioor �red: S o 11>', po,ch �",,,,,: ",,,,,"isr;;o,,ed b)': Hou,i,\)( wrpo,atlol1 Zom�r' Ilui{�n Dt·"!:',, 1��6; to be "",I;ud by: Vi"k )\0"'\ h,

hnn� Oor{hu�" ",i,h Y. "'ln den FI,,'n ' -Slo[()', marke'-<ecl<lr "" nc'-ox:ctlp'cd hou,;n!!, "ortrr;k, p, 79

FI()()rare,,: ,65 m', groLJ"d-,,�e,',,<"d: w""",ss;o1led b)': Wilma I\ouw h,', Am,t('rd"m; de5lgn: '99�; '''dliud /ry: \\;ril",,, r.ouw bv, Am,,,,d.m, I��'

o l l l "rchil,·""" (Jan r rl'dcnk Grom!· I'rJ"al� nou"" PI., nt"l\" � I "id,·t-gr�cht '.l, rp· J5�-' \ 1

Floor "re,,: .l 3 6 Ill', grn"" J-a",",,",'d; w""";,,umed /J)': ll. Vink, d,,'siXn: ,��6 19�7; rmliud /'Y:(;"I, .• nloout­r:'�nhnhout bv.Amsterd�m, '9'1X

j(owin Pe'�r"!,,, with I i,,,ocrn "�n der Pol · �,)Ci,,1 "'",,,.1 hou,mg,

AI",,, Cu),!""aal I , , - , ,.,. p_ �S �'/oor"r,'''' 5� "" , !'f""h .,�C"": com IIIlS,;,,"ed by: Hou,jn� mrl� ,r.,ic '" fk n"gn",d; de,i?,,,: 1994; re"li,,,d by, Viul r.ouw b,'. '997

Lie,llelh "'''' dcr Pol · 'Holwonmgrn', ,,,,,iai rcollcd h,,,,,ing. ZuoJ"inde and 'urro"udi"�',r_ 6 ,

fioor"re,,: ! �J rrr', �""md-,�,c,,,'d; (OI"mi;sio"cd /J)': Ho",u'g wrporation Am""dJm-Zuid; d"'i/,�" '9�.l: m,l;udhy: r.o(lwbo:dfllf .\Lj. de Nii' &. Lr\, W"rrnenhuizen, '996

S F L E C T E D 1' 1 0 0 1< l ' I ,\ r-"

I le,Ix'rh "on d", ]l" I · 'Trom","­woning"" " ""i.d re",ed hommg. I.LJI(ki11dc auJ "Jrroundin!!" p, 60

rtu,,,,,,,,, .. , , II rn'. ground ,ln·�"",I, ('(!mmi" 'i;,,,�d /1,': H"u"n� ""l',,,,,,;on An,,,,,dam Zu,d: d<'sign, '9�1: f<'aliord h" llouwbt'dn;t \\..1- ,k :\i;, &. Ln, W.um<·nlnH/."". I �9'

l h,i"iJ" Rapp " it II jonJlhan Penn<' ,,,,,I \1,�hiel Sndd .. "hrket s�'<C!o, ')WI,,·t """upied nou,i ng, ",inW"�nle"traa[, pp, 108·!o�

Nnor,lre�, ,�o m', ground-ocee,,,,d: ,,,mmi<;io,,,,d /Iv: New D,,,,I bl': de;'R'" '�94' "",h",.I/»)" J. ""heur" &. Zn, Am,nrd .. m, �OCO

,\r�"it"�lC,,,,·crkgroer IJ.obYJJl R�nh 11" 0;''''1 ,,,�h i,,,,,, Ch,ist"'" d. R mltn) ""h V,n, Nek. Hol,bg, nn H().cl .

'n" VinH""k', ,,:xl,ll rented "o",ing f,,, ,Ioe dded}'. Od C"'tab.kl f.:,nker"raatlll.1 Cmtd'ttO.l, p. " �

r/oof",,,a: -:-$ m', galler), com­m;ss"-,,,,,d by: ll" ",ingcorrora[ion Alg,.,ll,.,'" \v o"inKhouw Vereni �i"g; '!''''II''' ' 99(,' re"/i:,,d h',Tc�:rc",'ra hv, Hetloo, IY��

A !ch itN:tenhureau ; r . • \ t,,,lie< Rolo",." 'I:h' Vlagg<n '. m,,,hl-,,"uor • owne" (xc(lp,,,d �o""ng, l "J()gJme�,hof �5,,-'N ' . p. J 17

I-Il!or",�a: �J 1"'. :6"11,,,),: mlll­"""io""" /ry: I I"LJ,ing <Mpor .nion ! kr O()"�,,, d,',-iX'" J996: realized /'1" n" (;roOl l\ouwrnanJg�ment, Ni�uwHen wi,h Van Omme, �0Q(l

V"11 �"",I,,·,'k (',: V.n, \'<xn .. \,(.hit.;kl,·l l · .\\.,rh'l->t('fUt

" wn<:r--.K:UII""J nuusmg, ri"eTl\"�� l-J J.p. IO.l

H()or""w; 'B m-, rO"'� a�c{''': co",,,,,,,;o,, .. d h: D,' PriH,ip" ,ll: de5;g", 1�4+; """ hze,!!)},: COCJl I {.�,',hon' lIoU\\ ll\', Hm"n, l ��7

V,,,, ,�",Ileek &. V.n V.en ,\ "hud, ten . I<-larkN ,e,tor cm ""'­(""c"ri.d hous,"�, T we.Je OO,h'r-1"" ",ra.1I 1 .l4 ,68.p. l < 4

f/()()rar".-l: 86 m" l"or�h " CC"" cO""�JSSI()""d ('F Dc Pn"cip.�I: d";g", 1 9�7; r"�lit,,d h': Coen Hag"d()()r1O R""w Ill, H"ilen, '�9�

"." S"",I��:k l); V.,n V�.n .. \,d,itek,en . 'l)� N()orJbap'. rrr:>rkeHN:[()rOWJler """up'"'' h<lu,in!!. I'''ntJnu"'traat 1-5, p_ '()�

�'I()()r"m" S� m'.g"II",),: ,,»"'­mi";,,,,,,d by: n� P,iu�il'�"I, de,;g1l: '��4; '''''/IZI,d h),: Coell Ilat;Clk."" Bou,," Iw. HUJZ�n. 1��':'"

V�n 5d,,,I'''' .-\rchitrclen · Soci.1 n'",cd hnu<ing, LederambJl'nN"'''li i'.lingc",{raal. p. t 77

Hoorare,,: ,�(, m', gro,,,,d-"cc,,,eci: comm;""",,,,,} /» )" 1I,,,,,j,,� ,·orJX'r.toon I Ico (l",,.n: de<i,�": I'NS; lo h, TI-" ,[ued /'>" Hrdde, fIo"w b,·

S<;hui/.c "U Van Oijk -'brke, ,e<"lot owner-occupied housing, Prjn"'n�'.lChr 77� A, pp, ,6�-1 "'I

' 93

t-/()()rMC,l: 208 m', poed, "c�.<>,

,,,,"mi,,io!led by: Wille V"" goed bl'; desig", ''1,,8; rc�kl'(ll"y, ",hui;l

lX)Uw,llcnhu�o",,,,,,J, J 999

S E L E c n. D � L O O H P L A N S

Dil; SmeJing WiIh (;rom p"","" , �l",k"f ",· no,own .. -oc,up,ed h'lL'>"'!:, ll<><>gte Kadll� 108-, 'o, I', H

1'1,,,,,"r,,�; S� m', porch a,�.,,: ct>mm,.,umnl by, T"rlin!:�n !\d"i"\)\"�,P l>\", dest�"" 1992: realizeJ il)': P.A, ,'an dc Raod" D"'-�nf�r. 199�

Sjond &"'t",, · Sub"diud ,emed "",,,ing, S"matr,bd�, p. 7-\

rI"<Jr�,,'a: 87 m', porch �cc�", �"m""S"')H,.,J by: SFh � " j'·lk>uw: d,.sif(n: '99,: ,,·aked by: f\ou\\" com "i nalie Ja ",,-ei"',,<I \,1)1, '998

Rodf S"'enhulS 1\ rchil<",,"''', Vin""nf I'a"hu)""" . �llh'iJi/.C<i ownn ,,,,cup,�d hou"n�, R"h("rt Fruon"',ln, p, 93

/-l"", �'e.J: , , 6 m-, ground­"cce,,,,d; nJ>�mlwcmed by: HOIl';Tlg�'!'p'-'r"tion l'at'lmOn]Um: d,'siRl" J \1014: r"�/io<,d b),:Snm-, l!ou,,-bedriifhv, lk;wTwilk. r �y6

RU"'OlUJ. van S"p lA. ,'J" S,iK]) ' 'Dc Graan"lo' ... "" al rented hn"'irLg, W,,,(ndobd'Jk, p. ]O�

F"""a,,'�; .Ig m'. comdof: com­ml.>"'!n"d by; Ill)ll>lng('Orpor�lion Li",,,] de Ke}, ."!;coh,,, wlth Dc l'[]n"PJ�I, k ,\ R" V'''t�o<·,1 ,,,,,I IlOM-\,grJin, d<" '(�,,, '�9j' ,,,,,",ed by; I!ouwcom "i rlJlie (;"'" ,,,il,, "oi,

'999

Tang,.lm Archit.kr�n .\larkot-""cIM oWnn-,,,,cupic<i hl)u,ing, S< __ hIJhngdii�, p. ' h '

1-/,>", (lre�, , 5 � 11]', sround a(','"ssed: ,'"",mJ»'ioned by: S �,-,,, '-01: desif(n: '991-1 ���; r��hzed by: ' H , , � , o L J99Y

A ,,:h IWC'l<'nbnreau Ikn 're,,)!e Social "'"tnl housin!:, Of\'erpad, p. 9 l

Fi,,,,, arc�: 18 m'. !:,llery: com-ml" i, !n�d h': w oon'tleh!i,,!: De Ke,-: dC;I.�'" ' �94' n'�"u" by: Verwdlll' h" A"'<terd:"T1. '�9S

1 b�, Tllphr &: Ari. \'Jn der \:eu, · \-!;,ckn-s�,·tof rented housin)!, StllllrmanbddR.J,H. �orw\'nl'leiJl,

PP, I( }4-'05 1'I''''r''rr,�: 'r m', �round­"C(�",·dlpord, a<: .. ,''': 'o>"",,,;io,, .. d by: " B V �"g<><'d, "\"'''c,darn: de;ig": " )94' ,,,aim,d I))" Smit", Ik>uwbedrijfh,. &'·cfwi;l. '99�

RuJ)' L y,enhaJk A rch" "",,,,,hur<,,,,, '11001' Li.lde Fomll"'. 'ocu I renteJ h",,,ing:, f\orTlt'Ob�n, p. '7�

rI(I("�"' '': 'o� m', grou�d·ac""ss�d: m"",,'-"")!"·" 1»-: W omngbeJfllf Am;tud.l",; d"'Jgn: '9�g: mlin,d /'-1': I.H.' B""w, 7,�,tcrTl1('t:r, �COO

Rudy U)" enhJ,l� Ard,i!ec{e!lhur�,]LJ ' s..x,,1 rented hou>ll1g, F,·ih· d" llot' rla�n, p. '58

Floor "r('�' S 7 m'. grollnd-acc",,,,d: crm,m,,>uH1('d hv; :--:ew Deal hy: de<rlf'" ,��6, 'Milu'! /J)': "or De R�ali.,.1Iie. ;1.000

RuJ)' Uy,enhaJk Arch" ed"n)'"r",," , S<:x,i�j rem.d hnu"ng for , he eld",1 y, 5<. .... ,", Nouts!raat. p. ] 5 '

'94

F/oor,,,e.J.- 80 m-, �all�r;-, com­"1J",(),,�d b)': Ho"sing corl'oc",il)lI rk rhg"fa,d: d�'ign: '997' reailZed I,)" Vink f\ouwby, ,�

,'; E L E C I �. n r L O O I< 1 ' 1 " r--.�

(:h"rl�, Vandenho,,<, & A,,,,,,ić" " 1 ett�r�a[, Sllrn,J",'" "'I1tnJ I" lL"i"�, j)� Cos!"bJe '- 1 6 ' 40. p. \ I

I-I"",�re.�: '()� rH', por�h Je"e,;;, ",,,,,,,,>,w,,,,,} h': l l"u'in� ('orpvr:nil)T1 I let O",ten: de;igll: 'yy , ; ,,'aiJud by: Van U>f�rcn, R()tlerdJm,1994

V Jn der \Vdals!Zl'In>trd ,\,,:hi,,·ct�" (.\b,j�n "dn Jer \X·'a"I, ",i,h B"" Wellerd,eck and Ank,· 7"" ""r,'I ' 'De S!,,,j.h "i"cn', T1I�,kct-""!Or \lW�",-""�\lpicd ho",ing, f,:ost"c,lon:"\''':lr,/l)o"k., Curti",,,,,,,,,, p. H7

1'I"",a,,,�: �� m'. porch ,,'ce,s: cum· ml,"inned hy: Lk P"n('ipa:11 with lI<)uwh�d"lf "'LJ. d� Nii' & 7n, WMmenhuiz<'n; dc"!:,,, 'Y9j: re.J!il:,d /J)': Rouwb<:driif I<I.J. d(' Niis &. 7n. Warrnenhu,ze", '99S

A"'�i\("'f<'"I,,,rc"u Han, Wagner · ,\ t.rktt-""c{or owneNX'CU pi"d hn,,,ing. De bir .. "" traat ' -4. 1'1'. J U-II]

Hnorarea; ]90 m',pof�� a�ce,,; wm",,>swned /Jy; "oi Dc l.aire,,,,­stf,lJt: d(',ig'" 1 9�j: ":,,lized I,y: llotJ)\"crJ, &Mnmid, h, '9�8

Wing""d"r Hm'.n; .. Ar�hll""'!l'n "'""i,,1 remed �nd ,ubs,diz�d own",­",-"c"pied hou"ng. Barrastraat! ll.nrnholnl.>lra.ll/Sbetlandlaan, p. l �o

1-10'" ""e�: l � 1 m-, w"""d-"e"".,,ed: wmmi",w�('(1 by, 1 [,,,,,ing corp<JraHol1 rig,'" I JaMd "i,h Ho",ing:�O'p'"ati01' Het (h"'�n, d�"'K'" ' �9�

'I\';ntcrman, .�"'hn,'kt\'l' (P.lul \vinte'lllans)' \brb',-",,,,,,, own", o,:cupot'd hOI"i"�, H, <;M laal1/Suril1;lIl1('bde, p, I�

Fluur(lr('�' '0< rrI'.co",dor: com "">5I("".d /1)': lI13U" hoed EuIO w,,"i"�e]\ lw. ito""dam: design, '990: re�l,oed /ly, M"", oouwbedfljl, ZWI)II(", '994

xXa,,'hi!eacll, with Ibn "'" der "kukn · " 1 W"rJ�,,,,hjp'. "'Jfk.t ",dm ownn-,><;el!pied hou,ing, lIuihl,",crr"""'rlelll, p. 77

rh,,�",.''': 90 Ill', galler}': com mi>',i(","d lJ}" "har,,.,ns Il.ou",­I",driifb" Maars�n;d"5iKn, '��'!' "'"liud lJ)': .\laar",'n, 1\011'" hdriif Iw, .\l�ar"en, '�9�

Atel ... , uimtr' V,,,, der Pol · .\lJrkrt ... ('tor I)Wller-' ",upj�d housmg, KOrTC �k-crh"if.(:n"r.la" p, ,8 S

rt'),)r ,,,"�: 7S",', gall,,),: mm "'JS;I(,,,�d l))': Wonmgbedroll Atmt .. dam wnh i)ou"""'crk; desijtn: ]996: /o be rI'ak".}

I),: /;ouwbcd,iif A. Wit"''''1' l",

19 .'i

� O U II. C L �

Sr mrC"$ uf ,fI"s(rations

All )l;'1�l'rJ floor plans arc drawn hy H\lud Jongclmg. AlllSlcrd:lm, and

ba<;cJ 011 un�;nal []Jnteriai supplied hy Ih .. ,lr�hirens in\'ol;·cd.

Olhcr "H,rle� Jr!':

.J. van HasS<'h. L Vcr�chuor. /)1' .lrbcidcrm'OIrmgell ill ,\''':dalalld,

'\'aJt�happii lO! nut ,an', AI� .. rn .. en, A[]JslnciJ[]J 1890: p. ' 5

�bUrll� Kl.Jr .. n (eci.). I'irdclf;;. �Aj U;ISC'<'I'l. Rm rt"rdam 1997: p. j 1 '·.Jl:br;,rt Koslrr, us/an dockl,,,,ds. Arlhllt"ClUrJ & N.Hura,

AIII�lerdam 199j:P.43 Aqrn Ooslcrman, Housing ill tilc Netberl.mds. JI. A i I}uhli�h<'rs.

ROllcniJrn '996: p. 3 j r, Oll<'" h"f {cd,). Goedkoopear/;ciderslII(JIIIIIKI'II. W.L. & J. Bruss.c.

IlOllcrciam 19j(,:P· ' 9

Ikn Kebd, Jacqueline Tclling� (ed,), /·.lIrO/1,1II J -A t home ln the dl)"

:.. A i Publhh .. r�, RortcrciJ[]J '99": p. �J

B O O K M A K "

197

L

1I () () K II1 A R K

I'ubhshed " uh Ih .. finalKI.l.1 sUI"P<m

of At1I�urdam'� l lousing Oel"anmCT1I

(�{cdcll,h' \'(IonlllgdlcnSI Am�l .. rdam).

Ihc AIlIHt'rdam Fcdcr�ti on of

HouSlllg Corporalion� / A m'lt'rdalll5C

F .. u .. r:mc van Woninl!corporali�).

and ARCA \t'sgeneral �ponsors

rOR.MATS � O K I II'I 'l c, IARCAM'I'OCKET 1::.1

'II ( A \I rtee/I'es (i1J.lllciai,,,ppMr {mm:

( ,j'lIIf!ellfr Amsterdam: "",:Jdi)ke WOllmgdienst

,h�n�r Ruuntehikt: OrJen;ng

..... ·.:ror R UIT11{dil ke Ontwik kdiT1g, In fr J.structuur t:n Beheer

I )1�11<oI Welziin, afJ .. !;ng Kml�{ en Cubuur

,\mst,'rJam� Fonds \<()()rdo: Kun�l, Amsterdam

"llnlUlcTlngsfoml� loor Architectuur, ROllerdallI

At 1)+1' Ardl'tcctcn, Am.lerJ;un AIgcl11CnC Woningbouw\'Crcnigin)!

t\mstdbnd Onlwikkclin)! W'OI\O:I' BV

A M v 1.,'1

,\ R C A O I � i\r�hiIO:CllIlIrccnrralt' ,[,hiis A,,,clhcrgs

Atdier Zcin)tr� \';]n dcr Pol

lknthem r:.oLlwcI Archilt'ktt''' II l' bna

IIbuwhocd Vas\!(()t:J

Hoc. Hartog I [ooh HOllwfonds On{\l'ikkt'ling II v

II l' I' Bouwin\'nt

Ci;:lIlS en Kaan An::hut'Ctt'n 1\ N A H \' lk Archl1cctcn!:rOt'p

Woningoollw\erenismgdc Oager�"d

I)uink .. r Vali der Torre

Oun Bouw Am�tcrJarn HV Fi50 IkrK�nm PIc:-:iglas

I R ... nOUW HI' (jcr�rd W, �akkt'r Projccladviczen B\' tl tiG UOlJwen Vastg()t:d BI'