Format of Research*By Dr. Arlene Opina

1. Abstracta. Title: All CAPITAL LETTERS; type on

inverted pyramid style.b. Researchers: No. of pages:c. School: Year:d. Rationalee. Proceduref. Treatment of the Datag. Findings – follow the sequence of the

Statement of the Problemh. Conclusionsi. Recommendations

2. Title page3. Acknowledgment4. Dedication5. Table of contents6. List of Tables7. List of Figures

8. CHAPTER 1 – all CAPSa. Introductionb. Background of the Studyc. Setting of the Studyd. Theoretical and Conceptual Frameworke. Statement of the Problemf. Assumptions of the Studyg. Hypotheses of the Studyh. Significance of the Studyi. Scope and Limitation of the Studyj. Definition of Terms – underline the term;

place a period after it; arrange the terms alphabetically; and define the term in a complete sentence

9. CHAPTER 2Opening statement

a. Foreign Literatureb. Local Literaturec. Foreign Studiesd. Local Studies

10. CHAPTER 3Opening statement

a. Research Methodologyb. Subjects of the Studyc. Sampling Techniqued. Instruments Usede. Procedure of Data Gatheringf. Statistical Treatment of the Data

11. CHAPTER 4 – Follow the sequence of your Statement of the Problem

12. CHAPTER 5Opening statement

a. Summary of Findings– follow the sequence of the Statement of the Problem

b. Conclusionsc. Recommendations

13. References – list of all references in alphabetical order

14. Appendices - Attachmentsa. Letter/s of request to conduct study

(optional)b. Sample questionnairec. Curriculum vitae

Important: Please observe the following mechanics

1. Spacing – use double spacing; no empty nor blank spaces on the paper except on the last page of every chapter.

2. Pagination – Page numbers should be placed at the top right corner of the paper. Do not indicate any page number on every first page of any chapter.

3. Margin - 1.5 inches on the left; - 1 inch on the top, right, and

bottom.4. Use Third Person – do not use “I, me, we, us,

you, your” in all texts.5. Upper and Lower Case - All Headings6. No Abbreviations in all texts except those

acceptable in formal standard English.7. No Slang – Never use “&,w/c,@, bcoz” and the

like. Use only Formal English language.8. No Contractions – Avoid the use of “it’s,

they’re, we’ve” and others.9. Use Past Tense Verbs – Change all verbs into

past tense 10. Endnotes – superscript, first name, MI,

surname, edition, (place published: publisher, year published), page

11. Bibliography – surname, first name, MI. edition. place published: publisher, year published.

- arrange the references alphabetically

12. Tables and figures – use Arabic numbers consecutively arranged from 1 and so on…

- Don’t break the table- Provide a title for each table and figure.

1

13. All Table numbers and caption should be placed above the tableEx. see sample below

Table 3Gender of the Respondents

14. All figure numbers and caption should be placed below the figure/diagram. Numbers should be consecutively arranged as in 1,2,3, and so on… not 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, etc,

Ex. see sample below

Figure 3Grades of Respondents

15. Summary of Findings – Summary of Chapter 4. Same sequence with Statement of the Problem.16. Conclusions – Opening Statement

- Should not be the same with findings.- Findings are specific; while conclusions are general.- Number each conclusion as in:

1.2.3.

17. Recommendations – Opening Statement- Should be based on each conclusion.- Number each recommendation.

18. PREPARE FOR ORAL DEFENSE: PowerPoint presentation

NOTE: _________________________________*Every university has its own institutional format for students to follow. It is advisable that you adopt a similar format to achieve uniformity of style. As such, this format is recommended.