forestry - missouri department of elementary and secondary ... · 50 common trees of missouri, mdc...
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Forestry CDE (2014-16) Updated 12/12/14 Page 1
Forestry
Purpose
The Forestry Contest is designed to stimulate students' interest in forestry and the principles
and benefits of forest resource management.
Objectives
I. Ability to understand and have a basic knowledge of forestry and agroforestry principles.
II. Ability to identify trees common to Missouri.
III. Ability to recognize tools and equipment and their uses in forest management.
IV. Ability to inventory standing timber.
V. Ability to understand timber stand improvement principles.
VI. Ability to interpret topographic maps and understand legal descriptions.
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Crosswalk with Show Me Standards
Objectives – Students participating in the Career
Development Event should be able to:
Show-Me Standards
Knowledge
Standards
(Content Areas)
Performance
Standards
(Goals)
1.
Ability to understand and have a basic knowledge
of forestry and agroforestry principles.
CA.3
MA.1, MA.2, MA.3
SC.3, SC.4, SC.8
SS.4
1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.8
3.2, 3.4, 3.8
4.4, 4.8
2. Ability to identify trees common to Missouri.
3. Ability to recognize tools and equipment and their
uses in forest management.
4. Ability to inventory standing timber.
5. Ability to understand timber stand improvement
principles.
6. Ability to interpret topographic maps and
understand legal descriptions.
Corresponding Secondary Agriculture Curriculum
Course and/or Curriculum: Agricultural Science II Unit(s): Forestry
Forest Management All Units
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Event Format
The Forestry CDE shall consist of the following six (6) components:
A. General Knowledge - 30 minutes
1. This phase of the contest will test the contestant's knowledge and understanding of basic
forestry and agroforestry principles.
2. Contestants will see fifty (50) objective type, multiple choice or true/false questions
reflecting the contest objectives and coming from the reference list.
B. Tree Identification - 30 minutes
1. Twenty (20) unduplicated specimens from the list on Form 40 will be displayed for
contestants to identify by common names. Duplicate samples may not be used in any
identification portion of the event. 2. Each specimen will be designated by a number
3. Contestants will have approximately one and one-half minutes for each specimen station.
4. Specimens may be actual specimens or mounted specimens.
C. Equipment Identification - 10 minutes
1. Twenty (20) pieces of equipment from the list on Form 41 will be displayed for
contestants to identify by proper technical name. Duplicate samples may not be used in
any identification portion of the event. 2. Each piece of equipment will be designated by a number.
D. Timber Cruising (measuring standing timber on a 1/10 acre plot) - 60 minutes
1. Using a Biltmore tree scale stick, in the correct manner, each contestant will measure pre-
numbered trees on a 1/10 acre plot for DBH, 4.5 ft. from the high side of the tree, tree
height to the nearest 1/2 log (8') and board foot volume.
2. All marked trees on the plot must be measured in order to make the desirable cruise
computations, but only the first five trees (saw timber) will be scored for each individual
measurement.
3. WHILE TREE FORM AND MINIMUM MERCHANTABLE TREE DIAMETERS
VARY ACROSS THE STATE, TO LEVEL THE PLAYING FIELD FOR THIS PART OF
THE CONTEST, TREE VOLUMES SHOULD BE DETERMINED USING THE
FOLLOWING GUIDELINES:
a. Given a general Form Class of 75, one can expect to lose one inch diameter (outside bark)
for every eight-foot log.
b. Minimum merchantable tree diameter will be ten inches (outside bark).
c. Merchantable volume will stop at the first major fork or obvious defect in the trunk.
d. No volume is to be determined for logs above the fork (or defect) as well as any side limbs.
e. After measuring all trees, the contestant will find total volume per acre, total value per acre,
the average DBH per acre, the total number of trees per acre, and the desired minimum
number of trees per acre. The student will then decide if the stand was understocked,
adequately stocked, or overstocked. The student will then recommend that the stand be
thinned, harvested, or left to grow.
1. Harvest: The removal of all or portions of the trees on an area. If the average
diameter on the 1/10 acre plot is 12 inches or greater and is definitely overstocked, a
harvest cut is possible.
2. Thinning: A cut in an immature forest stand to reduce the tree density and to
concentrate productivity on fewer, higher quality trees. Usually the average diameter
is less than 12 inches and the stand is overstocked.
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3. Left to grow: The stand is not overstocked and the trees can be left to grow to
maturity, a larger average diameter, or until further management is necessary.
f. A chart showing the desirable stocking level will be provided and a chart with the
International 1/4" Tree Scale will also be provided.
E. Timber Stand Improvement (TSI) - 30 Minutes
1. The site will be a fixed area, normally 1/10 acre or (merely designated).
2. All trees will be identified by number.
3. On the scorecard, the student will be given the following information:
a. existing number of trees per acre
b. number of trees to thin (or leave) per plot
c. objective or management plan for the stand
4. Using the information furnished on the scorecard, the student will determine whether
each tree will be:
a. left for growing stock or
b. deadened/remove for a cull or undesirable species/harvest
5. The management plan will be explicit in scope giving all information needed by the
student to decide whether to cut, leave, or deaden.
a. If the plan is for timber production, it will state the species which are desirable
and those that are undesirable and size and quality limits of merchantable trees.
b. If the plan is for wildlife habitat management, the plan is to include the species
desirable and undesirable, number of den trees needed per acre, and the number of
foresting trees to be left per acre.
6. Additional information, as appropriate, may be included.
7. NOTE: Cutting of firewood is not to be considered a harvest operation.
8. Only those trees 4" DBH and larger will be tagged or numbered.
F. Map Reading - Legal Descriptions - 20 minutes
a. Contestants will be furnished a U.S. geological survey map with specific points marked
for the student to identify.
b. The student will need to know legal descriptions, size or location of no less than one 10
acre land parcel.
c. When the student is asked to identify points on a geological survey map, the points will
be clearly marked with a letter and an arrow pointing to the section or symbol or area on
the map to be identified or sized.
Examples are:
(1) Find Letter A--What is the legal description of the area boxed in? southwest one quarter
of the northwest one quarter of the northwest one quarter of section
(2) Find Letter B--What is the item located at this point? Church
(3) Find Letter C--What is the acreage of this point boxed in? 10 acres
(4) Find Letter D--What is the line shown here called? contour line
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Event Scoring
Event Points
General Knowledge (50 questions @ 2 pts each) 100
Identification (20 plants at 5 pts each) 100
Equipment ID (20 @ 2 pts each) 40
Timber Cruising 100
Timber Stand Improvement 100
Map Reading (12 questions @ 5 pts each) 60
TOTAL 500
1. Scoring Timber Crusing
a. There are a total of 100 points possible in this section.
b. Fifty (50) points will come from proper measurement of the first five saw timber trees.
This would be ten points for each tree:
•Two points for correctly identifying the tree species
•Four points for correctly measuring DBH
•Four points for correctly measuring proper tree height to the nearest 1/2 log.
c. The remaining 50 points will come from answering questions about measurements:
•10 points for total volume per acre (allowing for a variance of plus or minus 10 percent)
•10 points for value per acre (allowing for a variance of plus or minus 10 percent)
•10 points for minimum number of trees per acre
•10 points for assessing stand (understocked, adequately stocked, or overstocked)
•10 points for determining if the stand should be thinned, harvested, or left to grow
2. Tie scores among teams in all events should be broken using the high individual team
member's score. In case the scores are tied, the scores of the second high individual on each
team should be used.
Event Rules and Regulations
1. Under no circumstances will any contestant be allowed to touch or handle plant material
during the contest, with the exception of the tree measuring activity. Any infraction of
this will be sufficient cause to eliminate the team from the contest.
2. Observers will not be permitted in the contest area while the contest is in progress.
3. No contest team, team member, or team coach shall visit the contest facilities to observe
plant materials and facilities prior to the contest.
4. Any contestant caught cheating during the contest will, along with his/her team members,
be expelled from the contest.
5. All contestants are expected to be prompt at their stations throughout the contest. No
provisions will be made for tardiness and will most certainly cause late contestants to lose
contest points.
6. Contestants will be assigned to group leaders who will escort them to various contest
staging lines. Each contestant is to stay with his or her group leader throughout the
contest or until told to change leaders by the contest superintendent.
7. All contestants will be given a contestant number by which they will be designated
throughout the contest.
8. Contestants must come to the contest prepared to work in adverse weather conditions.
The contest will be conducted regardless of weather conditions, except those outlined in
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the FFA Severe Weather Guidelines in the General Guidelines section. Contestants
should have heavy coats and other warm clothes and footwear. NO open-toed shoes will
be allowed. 9. Tools and Equipment: All tools and equipment will be furnished for the contest.
Contestants must use the tools and equipment furnished at the contest site for all
instructional areas, with the exception that contestants may provide their own Biltmore
stick.
10. Calculators may be used. In all events, only six-function, (nonprogrammable and non-
graphing) models may be used. Therefore, the calcualtors are limited to the following
keys: Plus (+); Minus (-); Multiplication (x); Division (/); Equals (=); Memory
Clear/Recall (MRC); Memory Minus (M-); Memory Plus (M+); Plus / Minus (+/-);
Percentage (%); Square Root (√). See page 3, rule #8 of the General CDE Guidelines for
an example.
11. Written Materials: All written materials will be furnished for the contest. At the
state contest, each contestant will receive:
a. Scansheet to mark all answers
b. Form 42 – Cruising Tally Sheet 1/10 Acre Plot
c. Form 43 – Cruising Tally Sheet and Scorecard Computations
d. Contestant Reference Sheet for use with the Forestry CDE Scansheet
12. Contestants should provide clipboards and pencils. Electronic calculators and
magnifying glasses will be allowed.
Forestry CDE (2014-16) Updated 12/12/14 Page 7
References
Forest Management for Missouri Landowners, MDC 2003, Bruce Palmer
Designing a Windbreak Agroforestry Practice, MU Center for Agroforestry
Designing a Riparian Forest Buffer Agroforestry Practice, MU Center for Agroforestry
50 Common Trees of Missouri, MDC 2005, David Knotts
Trees of Missouri, 1983, Carl Settegren & R.E. McDermott, University of Missouri, Agricultural
Experiment Station, B767.
Missouri’s Oaks and Hickories, Missouri Department of Conservation Field Guide, Reprinted
from the August and December 1993, and January 1994 Missouri Conservationist by the
Conservation Commission of the State of Missouri.
Trees of Indiana (CD), Purdue University, by Sally Weeks and George Parker Phone 888-398-
4636 to order or visit http://www.ces.purdue.edu/extmedia/menu.htm
University of Missouri Forestry Website, www.snr.missouri.edu/forestry/extension/ffa.php
Equipment ID References
Official Reference: MDC Forestry Tools (CD), Missouri Department of Conservation, Outreach
and Education Division, P.O. Box 180, Jefferson City, MO 65102
Other References: Forestry Supplies, Inc., 205 West Ranken Street, Jackson, MS 39204-0397
The Ben Meadows Company, 3589 Broad Street, Atlanta, GA 30366
“Missouri FFA Forestry CDE Training Guide”, Dr. Hank Stelzer, 2010. Available at:
http://snr.missouri.edu/forestry/extension/ffa.php
Forms
See following pages for Form 40, Form 41, Form 42, Form 43, Form 44 and the “Contestant
Reference Sheet for use with the Forestry CDE Scansheet”.
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Tree Identification Scorecard
FORM 40 Name: Contestant Number: School School Number: Directions: Place number of correct specimen in blank. Five points each for a total of 100 pts.
OAK
OTHER
1.
01. Black Oak / Quercus velutina 22. American basswood / Tilia americana
2.
02. Blackjack Oak / Quercus marilandica 23. American Sycamore / Platanus occidentalis
3.
03. Bur Oak / Quercus macrocarpa 24. Ash, Green / Fraxinus pennsylvanica
4.
04. Chinkapin Oak / Quercus uehlenbergii 25. Ash, White / Fraxinus americana
5.
05. Northern Red Oak / Quercus rubra 26. Baldcypress / Taxodium distichum
6.
06. Pin Oak / Quercus palustris 27. Black Cherry / Prunus serotina
7.
07. Post Oak / Quercus stellata 28. Black Locust / Robinia pseudoacacia
8.
08. Scarlet Oak / Quercus coccinea 29. Black Walnut / Juglans nigra
9.
09. Shingle Oak / Quercus imbricaria 30. Blackgum / Nyssa sylvatica
10.
10. White Oak / Quercus alba 31. Downy Serviceberry / Amelanchier arborea
11.
32. Eastern Cottonwood / Populus deltoides
12.
HICKORY 33. Eastern Hophornbean / Ostrya virginiana
13.
11. Bitternut Hickory / Carya cordiformis 34. Eastern Redbud / Cercis canadensis
14.
12. Mockernut Hickory / Carya omentosa 35. Eastern Redcedar / Juniperus virginiana
15.
13. Shagbark Hickory / Carya ovata 36. Flowering Dogwood / Cornus florida
16.
14. Pecan / Carya illinoensis 37. Hackberry / Celtis occidentalis
17.
38. Hawthorn / Crataegus spp.
18.
MAPLE 39. Honeylocust / Gleditsia triacanthos
19.
15. Red Maple / Acer rubrum 40. Kentucky Coffeetree / Gymnocladus dioicus
20.
16. Silver Maple / Acer saccharinum 41. Ohio buckeye / Aesculus glabra
17. Sugar Maple / Acer saccharum 42. Osage-orange / Maclura pomifera
18. Boxelder / Acer negundo 43. Pawpaw / Asimina triloba
44. Persimmon / Diospyros virginiana
ELM 45. Red Mulberry / Morus rubra
19. American Elm / Ulmus americana 46. River Birch / Betula nigra
20. Slippery Elm / Ulmus rubra 47. Sassafras / Sassafras albidum
48. Sweetgum / Liquidambar styraciflua
PINE 49. Yellow Poplar / Liriodendron tulipifera
21. Shortleaf Pine / Pinus echinata 50. Willow / Salix spp.
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FORM 41
Forestry Equipment Identification Specimen Scorecard
Name: Contestant Number: School: School Number: Directions: Place the number of the correct specimen in the blank. Two points each
for a total of 40 points. 1. ________ 01. Backpack Water Pump 16. Hard Hat
2. ________ 02. Bark Guage 17. Increment Borer
3. ________ 03. Biltmore Stick 18. Loppers
4. ________ 04. Broom Rake 19. Peavy-Canthook
5. ________ 05. Chainsaw 20. Pruning Saw
6. ________ 06. Chaps 21. Pulaski-Forester Axe
7. ________ 07. Clinometer 22. Safety Glasses
8. ________ 08. Compass 23. Scale Stick
9. ________ 09. Cruising Vest 24. Sling Psychrometer
10. _______ 10. Diameter Tape 25. Stereoscope
11. _______ 11. Digital Data Recorder 26. Tally Meter
12. _______ 12. Drip Torch 27. Tree Caliper
13. _______ 13. Hand Pruners 28. Tree Marking Gun
14. _______ 14. Hearing Protection 29. Tree Planting Bar
15. _______ 15. GPS Unit 30. Wedge Prism
16. _______
17. _______
18. _______
19. _______
20. _______
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FORM 42 Cruising Tally Sheet 1/10 Acre Plot
Name: Contestant Number: School: School Number:
Tree No. Tree Species DBH Diameter Breast Height
Tree Height 16 ft. Logs
Board Foot Volume
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
All trees marked on the plot are to be tallied. Total data is necessary in order to complete the computations. Any tree less than 12 inches will have 0 height and 0 board feet volume; however, they should be considered when calculating the stocking level. The first five trees will be scored in the following manner:
Two points for each species, four points for each DBH, four points for each height, for a total of ten points per tree.
Total Number of Trees: Not Scored Total DBH: Not Scored Total Volume: Not Scored
TREE SCALE - (International 1/4 Inch)
DBH (in)
Number of 16-Foot Logs
1/2 1 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 3 3 1/2 4
12 30 60 80 100 120
14 40 80 110 140 160 180
16 60 100 150 180 210 250 280 310
18 70 140 190 240 280 320 360 400
20 90 170 240 300 350 400 450 500
22 110 210 290 360 430 490 560 610
24 130 250 350 430 510 590 660 740
26 160 300 410 510 600 700 790 880
28 190 350 480 600 700 810 920 1020
30 220 410 550 690 810 930 1060 1180
32 260 470 640 790 940 1080 1220 1360
34 290 530 730 900 1060 1220 1380 1540
36 330 600 820 1010 1200 1380 1560 1740
38 370 670 910 1130 1340 1540 1740 1940
40 420 740 1010 1250 1480 1700 1920 2160
42 460 820 1100 1360 1610 1870 2120 2360
Forestry CDE (2014-16) Updated 12/12/14 Page 11
FORM 43 Cruising Tally Sheet and Scorecard Computations
Numbered questions are worth 10 points each.
Name: Contestant Number:
School: School Number:
Total Volume of Plot:
1. Total volume/acre ( + 10% will be correct)
2. Total value/acre
(based upon cents/board foot) to be given for area ( + 10% will be correct)
Average DBH
Total number of trees/acre
3. Desired minimum number of trees/acre
4. Is this stand: (check one)
Overstocked 5. Should this stand be:
(check one)
Thinned
Understocked Harvested
Adequately Stocked Left to Grow
Use the table below to determine appropriate stocking rate:
Desirable stocking Level/Number of Trees Per Acre
Average DBH Minimum Number Maximum Number
5 324 430
6 243 328
7 194 259
8 151 206
9 125 170
10 105 143
11 89 121
12 77 106
13 66 93
14 59 81
15 52 73
16 43 61
17 38 54
18 34 48
19 30 43
20 27 39
21 25 35
22 23 32
ADEQUATELY
STOCKED
STOCKED
OVERSTOCKED
UNDERSTOCKED
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FORM 44 Timber Stand Improvement Scorecard
Name: Contestant Number:
School: School Number:
Directions: Evaluate each tree. Place an A by the number of the trees to leave and a B by
the number of the trees to remove, harvest, or deaden. Possible score of 100, depending on the percentage of correct answers.
TREE NO. DECISION
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
(NOTE: May use Scantron scoresheet)
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Tree Identification List
OAK
OTHER
01. Black Oak / Quercus velutina 22. American basswood / Tilia americana
02. Blackjack Oak / Quercus marilandica 23. American Sycamore / Platanus occidentalis
03. Bur Oak / Quercus macrocarpa 24. Ash, Green / Fraxinus pennsylvanica
04. Chinkapin Oak / Quercus uehlenbergii 25. Ash, White / Fraxinus americana
05. Northern Red Oak / Quercus rubra 26. Baldcypress / Taxodium distichum
06. Pin Oak / Quercus palustris 27. Black Cherry / Prunus serotina
07. Post Oak / Quercus stellata 28. Black Locust / Robinia pseudoacacia
08. Scarlet Oak / Quercus coccinea 29. Black Walnut / Juglans nigra
09. Shingle Oak / Quercus imbricaria 30. Blackgum / Nyssa sylvatica
10. White Oak / Quercus alba 31. Downy Serviceberry / Amelanchier arborea
32. Eastern Cottonwood / Populus deltoides
HICKORY 33. Eastern Hophornbean / Ostrya virginiana
11. Bitternut Hickory / Carya cordiformis 34. Eastern Redbud / Cercis canadensis
12. Mockernut Hickory / Carya tomentosa 35. Eastern Redcedar / Juniperus virginiana
13. Shagbark Hickory / Carya ovata 36. Flowering Dogwood / Cornus florida
14. Pecan / Carya illinoensis 37. Hackberry / Celtis occidentalis
38. Hawthorn / Crataegus spp.
MAPLE 39. Honeylocust / Gleditsia triacanthos
15. Red Maple / Acer rubrum 40. Kentucky Coffeetree / Gymnocladus dioicus
16. Silver Maple / Acer saccharinum 41. Ohio buckeye / Aesculus glabra
17. Sugar Maple / Acer saccharum 42. Osage-orange / Maclura pomifera
18. Boxelder / Acer negundo 43. Pawpaw / Asimina triloba
44. Persimmon / Diospyros virginiana
ELM 45. Red Mulberry / Morus rubra
19. American Elm / Ulmus americana 46. River Birch / Betula nigra
20. Slippery Elm / Ulmus rubra 47. Sassafras / Sassafras albidum
48. Sweetgum / Liquidambar styraciflua
PINE 49. Yellow Poplar / Liriodendron tulipifera
21. Shortleaf Pine / Pinus echinata 50. Willow / Salix spp.
Contestant Reference Sheet for use with Forestry CDE Scansheet – Side A
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Forestry Equipment Identification Specimen List
Directions: Bubble in the correct number of the specimen. Two points each for a total of 40 points.
01. Backpack Water Pump 16. Hard Hat
02. Bark Guage 17. Increment Borer
03. Biltmore Stick 18. Loppers
04. Broom Rake 19. Peavy-Canthook
05. Chainsaw 20. Pruning Saw
06. Chaps 21. Pulaski-Forester Axe
07. Clinometer 22. Safety Glasses
08. Compass 23. Scale Stick
09. Cruising Vest 24. Sling Psychrometer
10. Diameter Tape 25. Stereoscope
11. Digital Data Recorder 26. Tally Meter
12. Drip Torch 27. Tree Caliper
13. Hand Pruners 28. Tree Marking Gun
14. Hearing Protection 29. Tree Planting Bar
15. GPS Unit 30. Wedge Prism
Timber Stand Improvement (TSI) Instructions
Directions: Evaluate each tree. Using the information furnished below, determine whether each tree will be:
A. Left for growing stock or B. Deadend/removed for a cull or undesireable species/harvested For each tree, mark A if the tree should be left to grow. Mark B if the tree should
be removed, harvested, or deadend. Possible score of 100, depending on the percentage of correct answers.
Scenario:
Contestant Reference Sheet for use with Forestry CDE Scansheet – Side B