Forest Management Unit (FMU):

As an approach in Forest Landscape Restoration

(Case of Sumbawa, Eastern Indonesia)

Ani Adiwinata Nawir (CIFOR)

Julmansyah (FMU Sumbawa)

M. Ridha Hakim (WWF Indonesia)

Petrus Gunarso (Tropenbos Indonesia)

Workshop on Forest Restoration at Landscape Level in Asia-Pacific

Rotorua, New Zealand, Sunday, 3 November 2013

Presentation outline:

1. Ecosystem type

2. Problems & threats

3. Project description

4. Project activities

5. Preliminary result on impacts

6. Possibility for adoption

1. Ecosystem type:

Forest Management Unit approach

A landscape-platform of a certain ecological function that allows:

Conservation, rehabilitation and economic and sociocultural

activities can be complementary implemented in addressing

ecological problems, as well socioeconomic and tenurial conflicts

under an integrated management

Interaction between key stakeholders, including local

communities, to collaborate in managing the resources and

resolve conflicts participatively

Forest Management Unit (Kesatuan Pengelolaan Hutan-KPH)

Fits: Forest Landscape Restoration

Upstream forests:

honey trees (Boan:Tetramales nudiflora)

Downstream area:

City of Sumbawa

Sumbawa

island

Conserving watersheds: upstream forests

Main program of FMU in Sumbawa: Batulanteh - 32,776 Ha

(Limited production forest – 55%, production forest – 23%, protected forest – 22%)

Main

watersheds

2. Problems & threats

(1) Managing

protected forest while

enhancing livelihoods

(4) Rehabilitating degraded area

while enhancing livelihoods

District capital city:

Sumbawa Besar

(3) Illegal logging in state-own

company rehabilitated forests

(2) Forest encroachment

3. Project description:

Timber & non-timber

in an integrated production and marketing system

(Kanoppi Project)

(ACIAR Project, FST/2012/039, April 2013 – Dec 2016)

Integrated timber & NTFPs management

Type of management, facilitated by a favourable policy and

regulation frameworks, that:

1. enhances a complementary income portfolio at the

household level

2. focusses on optimisation of timber and NTFPs

production system,

3. supported by more cost-effective value chains,

(1), (2), & (3) contribute to improve management

at the landscape level.

4. Project activities

1. Development and implementation of integrated timber and

NTFP production systems to enhance local livelihoods.

2. Identification and implementation of enhanced marketing

strategies and value chains to improve timber and NTFP

market links for smallholders.

3. Analysis and improvement of policy frameworks to facilitate

smallholders’ production and integrated marketing of timber

and NTFPs.

4. Enhance expansion of smallholder-managed integrated

timber and NTFP production systems through extension

programmes.

Integrated activities

PSP in protected forest

Ecosystem: secondary natural forest

with dominant species of tengkawang

(Dipterocarpus retusus)

Part of watershed integrated

management

Implemented collaboratively between

FMU staff & local community

Complementary project:

Permanent Sampling Plot (PSP) for Carbon

Other projects: forest-honey marketing, protected-

forest rehabilitation & improving NTFPs management

5. Preliminary result on impacts

5.1. Impacts on ecological function:

Inter-relation (+/-) between

product-based & landscape-based management

Timber (local species),

rattan, honey, etc

Bamboo Casuarina sp

Coffee plantation

Candle nuts

Herbs, vegetables,

cashew nuts, fruits, etc Rice fields

Pelat (NTB) Batudulang (NTB) Karangmojo (Gunungkidul)

Water catchment area:

protected forest

(800-1300 m)

Buffer zone:

upstream (400-600 m)

Commercial production area:

private property (50-300 m)

Teak plantation &

mixed timber species

(low value)

Fatumnasi (NTT) Bosen (NTT) Bejiharjo (Gunungkidul)

5.2. Socio-economic benefits:

complementary benefits from timber & NTFPs

– each component has different function at HH income portfolio –

Landscape of community teak

plantation and rice fields in Pelat

(Sumbawa, NTB)

NTFPs in the local outlet in the city

of Sumbawa

Management characteristics in Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara:

both timber and NTFPs are becoming important sources of incomes

Teak (Tectona grandis) is a commercial

wood species important to cottage wood

industries producing furniture and

woodcarving.

Cashew nuts (Anacardium occidentale) play

important role in enhancing local household

incomes. Other products: Gnetum gnemon,

bamboo, jack fruits, etc

Management characteristics in Central Java:

intensive teak plantations managed on privately-owned lands

Pinang (Areca catechu) & its accessories for

menyirih (local custom for daily snacking by

chewing them all together). Other products:

honey, tumeric, ginger, bamboo, etc

Timber is not traded commercially and it is

limited for domestic uses: house

construction & modest furniture.

Mostly they do not know to get the permits.

Management characteristics in East Nusa Tenggara:

significant roles of NTFPs in rural livelihoods

6. Possibility for adoption:

challenges at local & national levels

6.1. National level FMU Pilots: 36 sites by 2012

1. Delineation of production forest & community farming area:

tenurial conflicts

2. Rapid increases of critical lands affecting the carrying capacity of

the watershed

3. Searching for voluntary carbon market, PES

1. Wider adoption of the FMU approach:

commercial production forest, community forestry programs, &

forest rehabilitation

2. Continuity of the pilot beyond the time frame decided by the

Ministry of Forestry: 2014

3. Budgeting: national or local government?

6.3. Challenges: national level

6.2. Challenges: local level

Village level

District

government

National level government

Recommendation

on improved policy &

regulations

Improved policy &

regulations Policy

Working

Group

Provincial

government

6.4. Impact pathway: policy working group

Thank you