for real pre_intermediate sample unit
DESCRIPTION
Unit 1 sample for student book, work book, LINKS. Scope and sequence, content.TRANSCRIPT
pre-intermediateMartyn Hobbs and Julia Starr Keddlewith Katherine Stannett and Rob Nicholas
[1-6] FR2SB Prelims INT.indd 1 30/05/11 08:29
SAMPLE
Contents
MO
DU
LE 1
G
OIN
G A
WAY
UN
ITFU
NCT
ION
S &
R
EA
L C
OM
MU
NIC
ATIO
NG
RA
MM
AR
VOCA
BU
LAR
YSK
ILLS
, STR
ATE
GIE
S, P
RO
NU
NC
IATI
ON
INTE
RC
ULT
UR
E,
STO
RY,
CLI
L, S
ON
GTO
WA
RD
S E
XA
MS
1G
ap y
ear
p.8
•Ta
lkin
gab
out
past
exp
erie
nces
•Ta
lkin
gab
out
fixed
fut
ure
even
ts•
Su
mm
er c
amp
ap
plic
atio
ns
•Pa
stp
arti
cipl
es•
Pres
ent
perf
ect
•Pr
esen
tpe
rfec
tw
ith
for
ors
ince
•Pr
esen
tpe
rfec
tv
past
si
mpl
e•
been
and
gon
e•
Pres
ent
sim
ple
for
fixed
fu
ture
eve
nts
•Co
untr
ies
•Ac
tivi
ties
R
ead
ing:
an
arti
cle
abou
tac
tivi
ties
and
adv
ice
for
aga
pye
arLi
sten
ing:
tw
ope
ople
tal
king
abo
utt
heir
gap
yea
rex
peri
ence
sS
pea
kin
g:in
terv
iew
ing
ape
rson
abo
ute
xper
ienc
es
duri
nga
gap
yea
rW
riti
ng:
an
emai
lrel
atin
gga
pye
are
xper
ienc
es
Str
ateg
ies:
rea
ding
for
info
rmat
ion
Pro
nu
nci
atio
n:/
eə/ /
ɪə/
Get
into
cu
ltu
re
Sum
mer
cam
psTo
uris
m
Inte
rcu
ltu
re
The
USA
(LI
NKS
pp.
18-1
9)H
olid
ays
int
heU
SA(
LIN
KS
pp.2
0-21
)
CLI
L M
usic
:His
tory
of
jazz
(L
INKS
pp.
46-4
7)S
on
gEn
glis
hman
inN
ewY
ork
(LIN
KSp
.61)
Trin
ity
ISE
I P
ort
folio
Cor
resp
onde
nce
(SB
p.2
4,p
.25)
PET
Lis
ten
ing
(LIN
KSp
.4)
2N
ew li
ves
p.16
•Ta
lkin
gab
out
the
pres
ent
•As
king
and
tal
king
abo
ut
poss
essi
ons
•Tr
avel
ling
by p
lan
e
•Pr
esen
tpe
rfec
tw
ith
just
•
Pres
ent
perf
ect
wit
hal
read
y•
Pres
ent
perf
ect
wit
hye
t•
still
•W
hose
+p
osse
ssiv
epr
onou
ns
•M
usic
•At
the
air
port
Rea
din
g:a
bro
chur
eab
out
visi
ting
New
Yor
kLi
sten
ing:
thr
eet
ouri
sts
talk
ing
abou
tth
eir
mov
emen
tsin
New
Yor
kS
pea
kin
g:d
iscu
ssin
gch
oice
sof
pla
ces
tov
isit
and
ag
reei
nga
nit
iner
ary,
rep
orti
ngt
oth
ecl
ass
Wri
tin
g:a
3-d
ayg
uide
to
am
ajor
cit
yin
you
rco
untr
yS
trat
egie
s: t
alki
ngin
gro
ups
Pro
nu
nci
atio
n: /
j/ /d
ʒ/
MO
DU
LE 2
F
AC
T O
R F
ICTI
ON
UN
ITFU
NCT
ION
S &
R
EA
L C
OM
MU
NIC
ATIO
NG
RA
MM
AR
VOCA
BU
LAR
YSK
ILLS
, STR
ATE
GIE
S, P
RO
NU
NC
IATI
ON
INTE
RC
ULT
UR
E, S
TOR
Y,
CLI
L, S
ON
GTO
WA
RD
S E
XA
MS
3S
tori
esp.
28
•Ta
lkin
gab
out
the
past
•Te
llin
g st
orie
s•
P ast
con
tinu
ous
vpa
st
sim
ple
•sa
id /
ask
ed +
dir
ect
spee
ch•
whe
n /
whi
le
•Tr
ansp
ort
and
road
sR
ead
ing:
fou
rst
rang
est
orie
sLi
sten
ing:
und
erst
andi
ngin
form
atio
nab
out
Ban
ksy
and
Tate
Bri
tain
Sp
eaki
ng:
tel
ling
stor
ies
prom
pted
by
visu
als
Wri
tin
g:in
vent
ing
stor
ies
Str
ateg
ies:
und
erst
andi
ngv
isua
lsP
ron
un
ciat
ion
: /ɔ
ɪ/ /e
ɪ/
Get
into
cu
ltu
re
Rou
te6
6St
atel
yho
mes
int
heU
KIn
terc
ult
ure
N
ativ
eAm
eric
ans
(LIN
KSp
p.22
-23
)Et
hnic
div
ersi
tyin
the
USA
(LI
NKS
pp
.24-
25)
Sto
ryB
log
(LIN
KSp
p.38
-39)
CLI
LAr
t:M
oder
nar
tm
ovem
ents
(L
INKS
pp.
48-4
9)
Trin
ity
ISE
I In
terv
iew
(S
Bp.
44)
PET
Rea
din
g P
art
5 (S
Bp
.45)
PET
Lis
ten
ing
(LIN
KSp
.6)
4N
ews
p.36
•Ex
pres
sing
pos
sibi
lity
•D
escr
ibin
g a
pic
ture
•
Mod
alv
erbs
:pre
sent
an
dpa
stp
ossi
bilit
y•
Mul
ti-w
ord
verb
s•
Obj
ect
pron
ouns
•Fe
elin
gs•
Pain
ting
sLi
sten
ing:
ay
oung
per
son
answ
erin
gqu
esti
ons
abou
the
rpo
sses
sion
sR
ead
ing:
an
inte
rvie
ww
ith
ayo
ung
man
abo
uth
isp
osse
ssio
nsS
pea
kin
g:a
skin
gan
dan
swer
ing
abou
tpe
rson
alp
osse
ssio
ns
Wri
tin
g:p
repa
ring
ac
lass
blo
gS
trat
egie
s:le
arni
ngn
eww
ords
Pro
nu
nci
atio
n:
linki
ngw
ords
[1-6] FR2SB Prelims INT.indd 3 30/05/11 08:29
SAMPLE
MO
DU
LE 5
L
IFE
STY
LEU
NIT
FUN
CTIO
NS
&
RE
AL
CO
MM
UN
ICAT
ION
GR
AM
MA
RVO
CAB
ULA
RY
SKIL
LS, S
TRAT
EG
IES,
PR
ON
UN
CIA
TIO
NIN
TER
CU
LTU
RE,
ST
OR
Y, C
LIL,
SO
NG
TOW
AR
DS
EX
AM
S
9W
ork
p.88
•Ta
lkin
gab
out
imag
ined
si
tuat
ions
•H
avin
g a
job
inte
rvie
w
•Se
cond
con
diti
onal
•w
ish
+pa
sts
impl
e/
wis
h +
wou
ld•
Defi
ning
rel
ativ
ecl
ause
s
•Ca
reer
sR
ead
ing:
an
arti
cle
abou
tm
arke
tre
sear
chLi
sten
ing:
an
inte
rvie
ww
ith
ayo
ung
mar
ket
rese
arch
erS
pea
kin
g:d
iscu
ssin
gw
hat
mak
ess
omeo
neb
uys
omet
hing
Wri
tin
g:a
dia
rye
ntry
S
trat
egie
s: u
sing
ad
icti
onar
y(2
)P
ron
un
ciat
ion
:/ɑː
/ /æ
/
Get
into
cu
ltu
rePa
rt-t
ime
jobs
Sayi
ngs
orry
Inte
rcu
ltu
re
Aust
ralia
(LI
NKS
pp.
30-3
1)W
atch
ing
Aust
ralia
nhi
stor
y(L
INKS
pp.
32-3
3)C
LIL
Bus
ines
s:V
iral
mar
keti
ng
PET
Sp
eaki
ng
Par
t 2
(SB
pp.
104)
Trin
ity
ISE
I P
ort
folio
(SB
p.1
05)
PET
Lis
ten
ing
(LIN
KSp
.12)
10S
tud
ent
life
p.96
•Ta
lkin
gab
out
regr
ets
•D
ealin
g w
ith
dif
ficu
lt
situ
atio
ns
•Th
ird
cond
itio
nal
•w
ish
/ sh
ould
hav
e /
ough
t to
hav
e•
Adve
rbia
ls
•M
ulti
-wor
dve
rbs
List
enin
g: u
nder
stan
ding
am
emor
yte
sta
nda
mat
hem
atic
alt
est
Rea
din
g:a
nar
ticl
eab
out
the
hum
anb
rain
Sp
eaki
ng:
dis
cuss
ing
the
solu
tion
to
apu
zzle
Wri
tin
g:w
riti
nga
tex
tfr
omm
emor
yS
trat
egie
s: im
prov
ing
your
mem
ory
and
your
stu
dys
kills
Pro
nu
nci
atio
n: /
s/ /ʃ
/
MO
DU
LE 4
P
EO
PLE
UN
ITFU
NCT
ION
S &
R
EA
L C
OM
MU
NIC
ATIO
NG
RA
MM
AR
VOCA
BU
LAR
YSK
ILLS
, STR
ATE
GIE
S, P
RO
NU
NC
IATI
ON
INTE
RC
ULT
UR
E,
STO
RY,
CLI
L, S
ON
GTO
WA
RD
S E
XA
MS
7S
oci
ety
p.68
•R
epor
ting
wha
tpe
ople
say
•Ta
lkin
gge
nera
lly•
Talk
ing
abou
tha
bits
•M
akin
g re
qu
ests
an
d
excu
ses
•R
epor
ted
spee
ch(
1):
repo
rtin
gst
atem
ents
•R
epor
ting
pre
sent
fac
ts•
Inde
finit
epr
onou
ns•
each
, eve
ry, e
ach
othe
r•
get
used
to/
be u
sed
to
doin
g
•Si
gns
oft
he
Zodi
ac•
Hou
seho
ldc
hore
s•
Crim
ean
dcr
imin
als
Rea
din
g:f
our
shor
tre
port
sof
cri
mes
List
enin
g: a
rad
ior
epor
tab
out
crim
esa
ndy
oung
cri
min
als
int
heU
KS
pea
kin
g:d
iscu
ssin
gpe
rson
ale
xper
ienc
esa
ndc
omm
onc
rim
esin
yo
urc
ount
ryW
riti
ng:
ale
tter
des
crib
ing
bein
gth
evi
ctim
of
acr
ime
Str
ateg
ies:
voc
abul
ary
field
sP
ron
un
ciat
ion
: /g
/ /k/
Get
into
cu
ltu
re
Teen
ager
san
dpa
rent
sSp
eed
dati
ngIn
terc
ult
ure
Eu
rope
:Era
smus
exc
hang
es
(LIN
KSp
p.28
-29)
Sto
ryTh
ele
gend
of
Mul
tnom
ahF
alls
(L
INKS
pp.
40-4
1)C
LIL
Mat
hs:P
roba
bilit
y(L
INKS
pp
.52-
53)
So
ng
You’
veg
ota
fri
end
(LIN
KSp
.63)
PET
Rea
din
g P
art
4 (S
Bp
.84)
P
ET L
iste
nin
g P
art
4 (S
Bp
.85)
PET
Lis
ten
ing
(LIN
KSp
.10)
8Fa
mily
an
d
frie
nd
sp.
76
•R
epor
ting
wha
tso
meo
ne
aske
d•
Rep
orti
ngp
urpo
se•
Talk
ing
abou
t p
et h
ates
•R
epor
ted
spee
ch(
2):
repo
rted
que
stio
ns•
Rep
orti
ngv
erbs
•Ex
pres
sing
fe
elin
gs•
Com
mon
ex
pres
sion
s•
Des
crib
ing
peop
le
List
enin
g: t
hree
peo
ple
desc
ribi
ngt
heir
bes
tfr
iend
’sp
hysi
cal
appe
aran
cea
ndc
hara
cter
R
ead
ing:
as
urve
yab
out
frie
ndsh
ipS
pea
kin
g:d
iscu
ssin
gfa
mou
sfr
iend
s,a
ctiv
itie
sw
ith
frie
nds,
the
mos
tim
port
ant
qual
itie
sin
af
rien
dshi
pW
riti
ng:
an
essa
yde
scri
bing
ab
est
frie
ndS
trat
egie
s: im
prov
ing
your
wri
ting
ski
llsP
ron
un
ciat
ion
: /ð
/ /θ/
MO
DU
LE 3
O
NE
WO
RLD
U
NIT
FUN
CTIO
NS
&
RE
AL
CO
MM
UN
ICAT
ION
GR
AM
MA
RVO
CAB
ULA
RY
SKIL
LS, S
TRAT
EG
IES,
PR
ON
UN
CIA
TIO
NIN
TER
CU
LTU
RE,
ST
OR
Y, C
LIL,
SO
NG
TOW
AR
DS
EX
AM
S
5Fu
ture
lif
ep.
48
•Ta
lkin
g ab
out
the
futu
re•
Ever
yday
sit
uat
ion
s•
Com
mu
nic
atin
g w
ith
will
•w
ill (
pred
icti
ons
and
futu
ref
acts
)•
be g
oing
to
vpr
esen
tco
ntin
uous
for
fut
ure
•Sc
ienc
efic
tion
•En
viro
nmen
tal
prob
lem
s
Rea
din
g:a
nar
ticl
eab
out
the
wor
kof
an
envi
ronm
enta
lorg
anis
atio
nLi
sten
ing:
und
erst
andi
nga
tal
kab
out
how
to
help
the
env
iron
men
tS
pea
kin
g:d
iscu
ssin
gpo
lluti
ona
ndr
ubbi
shp
robl
ems
int
helo
cala
rea
Wri
tin
g:d
esig
ning
ap
oste
rfo
ran
env
iron
men
talc
ampa
ign
Str
ateg
ies:
usi
nga
dic
tion
ary
Pro
nu
nci
atio
n: /æ
/ /ɑː
/
Get
into
cu
ltu
re
The
cost
of
bein
ga
teen
Com
mun
icat
ion
int
heU
KIn
terc
ult
ure
Eu
rope
:Uni
tyin
div
ersi
ty
(LIN
KSp
p.26
-27)
CLI
LTh
eEn
viro
nmen
t:w
ind
farm
s(L
INKS
pp.
50-5
1)S
on
gs
Bor
nto
be
Wild
(LI
NKS
p.6
2)Aq
uari
us(
LIN
KSp
.62)
PET
Rea
din
g P
art
3 (S
Bp
.65)
Tr
init
y IS
E I
Po
rtfo
lioW
riti
nga
rep
ort
(SB
p.6
3,p
.64)
PET
Lis
ten
ing
(LIN
KSp
.8)
6D
ange
rp.
56
•Ta
lkin
gab
out
cond
itio
ns•
Dig
ital
tal
k•
Mak
ing
ph
one
calls
•U
sin
g em
ail,
mes
sage
b
oard
s an
d c
hat
roo
ms
•Ze
roc
ondi
tion
al•
Cond
itio
nalw
ith
impe
rati
ves
•Fi
rst
cond
itio
nal
•w
hen,
as
soon
as,
unl
ess
•G
eogr
aphi
cal
feat
ures
List
enin
g: a
pre
sent
atio
nab
out
help
ing
the
envi
ronm
ent
Rea
din
g:a
nar
ticl
eab
out
enda
nger
edt
ribe
sS
pea
kin
g:d
iscu
ssin
gth
elif
esty
les
ofe
ndan
gere
dtr
ibes
Wri
tin
g:a
rep
ort
onh
owy
our
clas
smat
esh
elp
the
envi
ronm
ent
Pro
nu
nci
atio
n: /
l/ /ǝ
l/
[1-6] FR2SB Prelims INT.indd 4 30/05/11 08:29
SAMPLE
•
MO
DU
LE 7
C
ULT
UR
E U
NIT
FUN
CTIO
NS
&
RE
AL
CO
MM
UN
ICAT
ION
GR
AM
MA
RVO
CAB
ULA
RY
SKIL
LS, S
TRAT
EG
IES,
PR
ON
UN
CIA
TIO
NIN
TER
CU
LTU
RE,
ST
OR
Y, C
LIL,
SO
NG
TOW
AR
DS
EX
AM
S
13En
tert
ain
men
tp.
128
•Ta
lkin
gab
out
the
rece
ntp
ast
•Ta
lkin
gab
out
past
hab
its
•Ta
lkin
g ab
out
film
s
•Pr
esen
tpe
rfec
tco
ntin
uous
•Pr
esen
tpe
rfec
tco
ntin
uous
vp
rese
nt
perf
ect
sim
ple
•us
ed t
o /
didn
’t us
e to
/
wou
ld
•Fi
lms
Rea
din
g:u
nder
stan
ding
film
rev
iew
san
dpl
ots
List
enin
g: s
ixe
xtra
cts
from
dif
fere
ntg
enre
sof
film
sS
pea
kin
g:t
alki
nga
bout
you
rfa
vour
ite
film
W
riti
ng:
afi
lmr
evie
wS
trat
egie
s: li
sten
ing
tot
one
ofv
oice
,sou
nde
ffec
ts,
back
grou
ndm
usic
as
clue
sto
und
erst
andi
ng
Pro
nu
nci
atio
n: /
ʃ/ /tʃ
/
Get
into
cu
ltu
reTh
eB
afta
Aw
ards
Wor
ldB
ook
Day
Inte
rcu
ltu
re
Lite
ratu
re(
LIN
KSp
p.36
-37)
Sto
ryTh
eD
oubl
e(L
INKS
pp.
44-4
5)C
LIL
Lite
ratu
re:W
orld
War
1
poet
ry(
LIN
KSp
p.58
-59)
So
ng
She’
sle
avin
gho
me
(LIN
KS
p.64
)
PET
Sp
eaki
ng
Par
ts 3
& 4
(SB
p.1
44)
Trin
ity
ISE
I P
ort
folio
(SB
p.1
45)
PET
Lis
ten
ing
(LIN
KSp
.16)
14Li
fe a
nd
tim
esp.
136
•Ta
lkin
gab
out
the
past
•
Talk
ing
abou
t b
ooks
•Pa
stp
erfe
ct•
Past
per
fect
and
pas
tsi
mpl
e•
Tens
esr
evie
w
•B
ook
genr
es•
Boo
kre
view
sR
ead
ing:
an
arti
cle
abou
ta
mus
icia
nw
how
asa
lso
apa
inte
rLi
sten
ing:
tal
king
abo
utg
oing
to
conc
erts
S
pea
kin
g:d
iscu
ssin
gco
ncer
tsW
riti
ng:
ar
evie
wo
fa
conc
ert
Str
ateg
ies:
pre
sent
ing
your
wri
tten
wor
kP
ron
un
ciat
ion
: /h
/ /f/
/v/
Wor
kboo
k pa
ges
147-
231
Wri
ting
skill
s pa
ges
232-
239
1 D
escr
iptio
ns o
f pla
ces
2 Se
mi-
form
al le
tter
s3
Telli
ng a
sto
ry4
Mag
azin
e ar
ticle
s5
Info
rmal
lett
ers
6 R
evie
ws
7 Ad
vice
and
inst
ruct
ions
8 R
eadi
ng in
to w
ritin
g
Wor
d lis
t pa
ges
240-
246
Irre
gula
r ve
rbs
page
247
MO
DU
LE 6
C
HA
LLE
NG
EU
NIT
FU
NC
TIO
NS
&
RE
AL
CO
MM
UN
ICA
TIO
NG
RA
MM
AR
VOCA
BU
LAR
YSK
ILLS
, STR
ATE
GIE
S, P
RO
NU
NC
IATI
ON
INTE
RC
ULT
UR
E,
STO
RY,
CLI
L, S
ON
GTO
WA
RD
S E
XA
MS
11Ex
plo
rati
on
p.10
8
•Ta
lkin
g ab
out
proc
esse
s•
Pla
nn
ing
a ca
mp
ing
trip
•Pr
esen
t pa
ssiv
e•
Non
-defi
ning
rel
ativ
ecl
ause
s •
Cam
ping
R
ead
ing:
an
arti
cle
abou
tge
ocac
hing
List
enin
g: t
hree
peo
ple
talk
ing
abou
tex
peri
ence
sof
geo
cach
ing
Sp
eaki
ng:
dis
cuss
ing
idea
sfo
ra
tim
eca
psul
eW
riti
ng:
ale
tter
des
crib
ing
your
pre
sent
life
to
som
ebod
yin
the
fut
ure
Str
ateg
ies:
act
ing
asa
cha
irpe
rson
and
as
ase
cret
ary
ina
gro
up
disc
ussi
onP
ron
un
ciat
ion
: co
mpa
ring
str
ess
inv
erbs
and
the
ird
eriv
ativ
es
Get
into
cu
ltu
reTh
e D
uke
ofE
dinb
urgh
’s
Awar
dTh
epu
bqu
izIn
terc
ult
ure
Th
ehi
stor
yof
the
Eng
lish
lang
uage
(LI
NKS
pp.
34-3
5)S
tory
Spac
e(L
INKS
pp.
42-4
3)C
LIL
Phys
ics:
Spa
ceju
nk(
LIN
KS
pp.5
6-57
)S
on
gW
ear
eth
eCh
ampi
ons
(LIN
KSp
.63)
PET
Wri
tin
g P
art
1 (S
Bp
.124
)
PET
Lis
ten
ing
Par
t 2
(SB
p.1
25)
PET
Lis
ten
ing
(LIN
KSp
.14)
12Ex
trem
esp
ort
s p.
116
•D
escr
ibin
gpa
stf
acts
•O
rgan
isin
g ot
her
peo
ple
to
do
thin
gs
•W
orki
ng
in a
tea
m
•Pa
sts
impl
epa
ssiv
e•
Pres
ent
perf
ect
pass
ive
•Pa
stc
onti
nuou
spa
ssiv
e•
Futu
rep
assi
ve•
have
som
ethi
ng d
one
•R
eflex
ive
pron
ouns
•Ex
trem
esp
orts
Rea
din
g:a
nar
ticl
eab
out
ara
llyLi
sten
ing:
mat
chin
gdi
alog
ues
abou
ta
rally
to
blog
ent
ries
Sp
eaki
ng:
dis
cuss
ing
opin
ions
abo
uta
ral
lyW
riti
ng:
sho
rtd
iary
ent
ries
abo
uta
car
jour
ney
Str
ateg
ies:
und
erst
andi
ngn
on-v
erba
linf
orm
atio
nP
ron
un
ciat
ion
:lin
king
[1-6] FR2SB Prelims INT.indd 5 30/05/11 08:29
SAMPLE
[1-6] FR2SB Prelims INT.indd 6 30/05/11 08:29
SAMPLE
7
Get started
1 Groupwork Find out about your group’s ‘weblife’. Discuss the questions. • Who has a blog? • Who reads blogs?• Who uses social networking sites?• Who plays games online?• Who uses sites like Secondlife?• Who uses an instant messenger service?
2a 26 Listen to Emma answering the questions on Ben’s blog. Make notes of her answers.
1 my sister
2b Listen again. Number these conversational expressions in the order you first hear them.
L well L I think L right
L OK L you know L oh
L true L um L like
L I did L You bet! L yeah
3 pairwork Ask and answer the questions. Use some of the expressions in exercise 2b.
<< Yesterday About me >>
Getting to know you
by Ben 12 December @ 08.00EST
BecauseIknowyouneedsomethingtotakeyourmindoffexams...
Who...
1 Who was the last person you texted?
2 Who was the last person you took a picture of?
3 Who is the person you admire most?
What...
4 What’s worrying you right now?
5 What’s your favourite song at the moment?
6 What’s the last film you watched?
Do...
7 Do you prefer to talk or text?
8 Do you read in bed?
9 Do you get up early?
Where...
10 Where is the last new place you visited?
11 Where is your favourite place in the world?
12 Where are you going later?
Did...
13 Did you laugh a lot yesterday?
14 Did you help your family or your friends yesterday?
15 Did you chat with friends online last night?
That’s all for today! Post your answers.
Ben
B5!Blogtalking. Talk to me. Talking, listening, sharing. It’s all here. Me. To you. You. To me. Let’s get the world together.
blog.co.uk | mydiary
jj
B1
recent posts
babyluv >>
mikey >>
saffron >>
silverchain >>
parasol1 >>
arnie >>
lilsis >>
dancemad >>
komandante >>
sweet16 >>
kitten >>
?*4
ProfILe
Me aT schooL
Me aT PLaY
Me and MY frIends
Module
Goingaway
1Key objectivesGrammar present perfect v past simple; present perfect with just/
already/yet/still
Functions talking about past experiences; talking about fixed future
events; asking and talking about possessions
Vocabulary countries; activities; music; at the airport
[7-26] FR2SB Mod1.pix.indd 7 30/05/11 08:32
SAMPLE
jVocabulary: countries1 27 Write the letters in the correct order to
make countries. Then listen and check.1 eth AUS the USA 6 dnaiI2 aJanp 7 oSthu afcriA3 nhiaC 8 rziBal4 luAatrias 9 ceMiox5 dCnaaa 10 auRsis
warm up2 pairwork Look at the photos on page 9.
Answer the questions. How many people are there? Where are they?
What are their names?
Comprehension3 28 Listen and read On the road. Answer
the questions. Dialogue1
1 Where are the friends planning to go?2 Where does Nathan live?3 Has Emma ever met Nathan?4 How old is Emma? Dialogue2
5 What has Ben bought?6 Why has Nathan sent a text to Emma? 7 Do they call Nathan on Emma’s mobile?8 Where is Nathan now?
Talking about past experiences4 Study the rules and find examples of the tenses
in the dialogue.
Present perfect• The present perfect is always connected with ‘now’. Use it to talk about events and experiences in the past that are connected with the present or have a result in the present.
I’ve boughtanewcamcorder.• Use for/since with the present perfect to talk
about how long.
Soyouhaven’t seenhimforeightyears!(a period of time)
I’ve lovedAmericasinceIreadTheCatcherin theRye.(a specific moment in the past)
Present perfect v past simple• Use the present perfect to talk about a general experience.
• Use the past simple to describe details of that experience in the past.
HaveyouevermetNathaninperson? OfcourseIhave!ImethimwhenIwasten.
Present simple for fixed future events • We often use the present simple to talk about travel arrangements, itineraries, etc.
WeflytoNewYorknextmonth.
5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1 Look! My brother __________ (take) some amazing photographs. Last year he __________ (go) to Botswana and __________ (take) these pictures of lions and elephants.
2 Harry __________ (know) Laura for six years. He __________ (meet) her at a party in London and they __________ (travel) to Australia together last year.
3 Grace __________ (live) in Naples since 2001. Her family __________ (move) to Italy when she was eight.
4 a __________ you __________ (read) Twilight? B No, I haven’t. I __________ (see) the film, but I
__________ (not read) the book.
6 p T pairwork Discuss these questions.1 What is the best film you’ve seen?2 What is the most interesting country you’ve visited?3 What is the most exciting adventure you’ve had?4 What’s the best book you’ve ever read?
(A What’s the best film you’ve seen?
(B The Killing Fields.
(A When did you see it?
(B I saw it last year on TV.
Word expander (not) manage to + verb
Use manageto to talk about when you succeed in doing a difficult thing. He’s managed toborrowhisparents’car.
8
Unit 1 Gap year
Unit objectivesGrammar present perfect; present perfect v past simple;
manageto; present simple for fixed future events
Functions talking about past experiences; talking about
fixed future events; summer camp applications
Vocabulary countries; activities
[7-26] FR2SB Mod1.pix.indd 8 30/05/11 08:32
SAMPLE
on the road
1 Jodie, Emma and Ben are talking about their gap year trip.
Realtalk Who exactly is...? Kind of. drop dead gorgeous You’re kidding! That is so cool. Anyway...
2 Emma gets some good news.
emma Have you guys ever been to the States?
Ben No, we haven’t. But I feel like I know it. I mean, I’ve watched hundreds of films.
jodie And I’ve loved America since I read TheCatcherintheRye.
Ben Actually, I’ve bought a new camcorder. I’m going to film our trip and make a road movie.
emma Hey, I’ve got a text message from Nathan! Oh wow. He’s managed to borrow his parents’ car! For the whole holiday!
jodie That is so cool! Ben Is Nathan there now? Can we
call him?emma On my mobile to America?
No way! Anyway, he’s gone to college now. I can talk to him later online.
episode 1
emma OK, so this is the plan. We fly to New York next month. We meet up with Nathan. Then we hire a car and we drive to San Francisco. All the way across America!
Ben Who exactly is Nathan?emma He’s the son of friends of
my parents. They live in New York.
Ben So he’s American? emma That’s right. And he’s drop
dead gorgeous!jodie He’s an old friend, isn’t he?
emma Kind of. I mean, we’ve sent loads of emails to each other and we chat all the time online. We really get on!
jodie Emma, have you ever met Nathan? I mean, in person?
emma Of course I have! I met him when I was ten.
jodie Ten? You’re kidding! emma It was at Disneyland, in
California. We went on all the rides together.
jodie So you haven’t seen him for eight years!
9
1
Un
it 1
[7-26] FR2SB Mod1.pix.indd 9 30/05/11 08:33
SAMPLE
nnnn
Talking about the recent past
7 Do the quiz above. What is your score?
8 p T PAirWork Discuss your answers. Use the past simple to give more details about what you did.
(A In the last six months have you played a musical instrument?
(B Yes I have. I’ve played the piano.
(A Did you have lessons?
(B Yes, I did. But I didn’t practise very much.
Word expander do and keep
Learn these expressions with do and keep.do a sport / drawing and painting keep a diarydo your homework / a task / a job keep a petdo the shopping / the cleaning keep a secret / quiet
10
in the last six months i’ve…...o playedamusicalinstrument.o takenupaweirdhobby,suchasjuggling.o donealotofdrawingandpainting.o beentoasportingeventorpopconcert.o keptablogordiary.o readmorethantwobooks.o donealotofsportordancing.o improvedmycomputerskills.
o changedmylookorhadabodypiercingortattoo.
in the last seven days i’ve…...o readamagazine.o spentalotoftimeonthecomputer.o downloadedmusic.o watchedafilm.o studiedathomeforoverfivehours.o sentoverfifteentextmessages.o listenedtosomemusic.o playedagame.
o helpedmyparentsathome.
Do you have a busy life? Never stop?Tryourquizandsee.TickLthethingsyou’vedone.
Score
1pointforeachtick.L13–18Phew!Whatabusylifeyoulead!Doyoueversitandrelax?
7–12Notbad!Don’tforgettotrynewthingssometimes.
0–6Ohdear.Wakeup!Theworld’spassingyouby!
#what have you done?
[7-26] FR2SB Mod1.pix.indd 10 30/05/11 08:33
SAMPLE
nn
Get the grammarPast participles
1 revise the rules and write the past participles.
• Most past participles have the same form as the past simple. To form the past participle of:° regular verbs, add -ed to the base form. ° verbs ending in –e, add -d to the base form.° verbs ending in –y, change -y to -i and add -ed to
the base form. NB don’t change –y to –i after a vowel.
° most verbs ending in a consonant after a short vowel, double the consonant (fit–fitted,stop–stopped).
• Many irregular past participles are similar to the base form or the same as the past simple form.
listen | buy | play | go | hope | take | travel | keep | hurry
| read | meet | do | send | spend | see | think listened
Present perfect
2 Complete the tables with these words. has not | haven’t | have | has | haven’t
Positive
I/You/We/They have / ’ve read that book.
He/She/It 1_________ / ’s been to London.
Negative
I/You/We/They have not / 2________ found it.
He/She/It 3_________ / hasn’t done that.
Questions4________ you met my brother?
Has she lived in New York?
Short answers
Yes, she has. No, they 5___________.
• Use the present perfect: ° to talk about experiences. HaveyoueverbeentotheUSA?Yes,Ihave. ° to talk about completed actions connected to the
present. InthelasttwomonthsI’vereadlotsofbooks.
3 Complete the sentences with the present perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
1 They _______ back from their holiday. (come)2 I _______ never _______ a better film! (see)3 My brother _______ never _______ on a plane. (be)4 Anne _______ for the test. (not study)5 My parents _______ the Prime Minister. (meet)6 She _______ a lot of money this weekend. (spend)
4 Write questions with the present perfect and ever. Write your own short answers.
1 you / take a music exam?Have you ever taken a music exam? Yes, I have.
2 your father / want to move to another country?3 your parents / complain about your room?4 your grandparents / give you a present?5 you / use an Internet café?6 you / visit the USA?
Present perfect with for or since
5 read the examples and complete the rules with a period of time or a specific date.
Theyhaveknowneachotherforabouttenyears.• Use for to talk about _______________.They’vevisitedsixcountriessinceChristmas.• Use since to talk about _______________.
6 Complete the sentences with for or since.1 We haven’t seen Eva ________ last Christmas.2 Tom has been in the football team ________ six months.3 My mum and dad have worked at the same factory
________ 15 years.4 Jack has been a fan of Leona Lewis ________ he saw
her on TV last year.
Present perfect v past simple
7 Complete the rules with present perfect or past simple.
• Use the 1_____ to talk about events that are connected with the present or have a result in it.I’vedonemyhomework.CanIgooutnow?
• Use the 2_____ to talk about events started and finished in the past, where the exact time is important.KevinvisitedLondonin2009.Hehadagreattime.
• Use time expressions such as when,ago,lastweek, etc. with the 3_____ to talk about an exact moment in the past.Whendidyoumeether?Imethertwodaysago.NOT Whenhaveyoumether?Ihavemethertwodaysago.
been and gone
8 Complete the examples with been or gone.
• Go has two past participles: been and gone. been means travelled to and returned. gone means left and not returned yet. I’ve1____tothesupermarket.=I’mbacknow. She’s2____shopping.=Shehasn’tcomebackyet.
9 Workbook pp 148–153
11
1
Un
it 1
[7-26] FR2SB Mod1.pix.indd 11 30/05/11 08:33
SAMPLE
Get into culture summer camps
Summer camps are a cultural institution in the USA. There are over 10,000 camps for children aged 8 to 16. The camps offer ideal jobs for over-16-year-olds. Students can work with the kids, help the teachers or work as bar and kitchen staff. Many camps arrange visas, flights, insurance, food and accommodation as well as paying a salary. Applications open in November, and you need to be free from mid-June until August. read the text and answer the questions. 1 How many camps are there in the USA?2 How old do you have to be to work in a camp?3 When can you apply for a job?4 When do you work in summer camps?
FileInstructIonsFill in | Complete | Circle | Choose | Write here | Please list
WorDs anD expressIonsapplication form | available | area code | education | experience
1 read Get into culture and do the task.
home ¤ jobs ¤ summer camps ¤ about us
12
AppLICATION FOrMSreal communication
Job opportunitiessummer campsDo you like working with kids? Are you a good communicator? Have you got lots of energy? Have you got the skills and experience we need? Apply for a summer job in one of these camps. And have the experience of a lifetime!
x High Mountains summer camp
Learn to survive outside. Kayaking, rock climbing, canoeing, biking, hiking and backpacking. Great staff and directors. Campers have fun and make friends.Superior NatioNal ForeSt,
MiNNeSota
/ Jarrold theatre arts and sports camp
Warm environment with fun and friendship. Music, theatre, drawing, painting, crafts, and video. Non-competitive atmosphere. Sports too, with 11 tennis courts, Olympic pool and riding. Fencing, archery, photography, and backpacking trips.MiNoNg, WiScoNSiN
1 Swallow nature camp
Explore nature with forest rangers. Look after animals and do hands-on science projects. Camp activities include riding, swimming, scuba diving, sailing, canoe trips and fun fun fun!lake tahoe, Nevada
X Ocean summer camp
Imagine a camp by the sea. Swimming, surfing, sailing, water skiing, sea kayaking, scuba diving. Tennis, baseball, soccer, basketball, gymnastics, volleyball and climbing. Exciting trekking trips.Bull’S Bay, South caroliNa
Vocabulary: activities
2 Scan the adverts and find words for each heading.• Competitive sports fencing, • Arts and crafts music, • Water sports and activities
kayaking, • Outdoor and adventure activities biking,
summer camp applications
3a p read the summer camp job adverts. Which job should these students apply for?
1 Gemma loves animals and learning about nature.2 Archie is keen on camping and adventure.3 Millie loves the sea. She is a very good swimmer.4 Joe is a natural performer. He plays a lot of musical
instruments.
3b pairwork read the adverts again. Choose the camp you would like to work in.
[7-26] FR2SB Mod1.pix.indd 12 30/05/11 08:33
SAMPLE
mailbox tunes myplace summerjobs application
6
Links real communication p4
4 29 p Caroline and James want to work in a summer camp. They are looking at the application form below. Listen and tick N the activities they can do.
JamesL metal work L making videos L computer graphics L drawing and paintingL ceramics L woodwork L cartoons
CarolineL jazz dance L ballet L modern dance L acting L piano & keyboardsL circus skills L drums L singing L guitar L other instrument
5a Complete the application form for you.
5b roLe pLay Work in pairs. • One of you is from Summer Camp World. One of you is an applicant. • Ask and answer questions about activities.
( Do you like ceramics? ) Can you do jazz dance? ( Can you swim? ) Are you into astronomy? ( Are you keen on backpacking?
13
summer camp World Online application form
tick the activities you have experience of.
Fill in your details
First name
Surname
Address line 1
Address line 2
Telephone
(area code required)
Sex M F
Height
Date of birth (MM/DD/YY)
Education
Are you available from June 15th to August 18th? Yes No Do you drive? Yes No
arts anD craFts
ceramics
metal work
woodwork
sculpture
drawing
painting
computer graphics
making videos
Dance & perFormInG
ballet
jazz
modern
acting
circus skills
musIc
drums
guitar
piano
keyboards
singing
sports
archery
baseball
basketball
cycling
riding
fencing
skating
soccer
hockey
tennis
volleyball
trampoline
athletics
roller blading
jogging
karate
fishing
WaterFront actIVItIes
canoeing
diving
kayaking
rowing
sailing
scuba diving
swimming
water skiing
windsurfing
nature
animals
astronomy
rocks and minerals
trees and plants
aDVenture
backpacking
mountain biking
camping skills
hiking
rock climbing
orienteering
Do you have any
leadership skills or
special abilities?
Write them here:
submit
1
Un
it 1
[7-26] FR2SB Mod1.pix.indd 13 30/05/11 08:33
SAMPLE
T r A v E L A D v E N T u r E
14
You are 18andyou’vefinishedschool.Butwhatnext?Well,between200,000and250,00018–25-year-oldstakeagapyear.Theywanttohaveabreakfrombeingastudent,earnsomemoneybeforeuniversity,getworkexperienceorjusttravel. Manystudentsdecidetodoaround-the-worldtrip,oftenwithagroupoffriends.AdriennetravelledwiththreefriendstoThailand,Indonesia,Australia,NewZealandandtheUSA.‘Itwasanamazingexperience,’shesays. ManyBritishstudentsdovoluntarywork.Evenroyalty!PrinceWilliamworkedonacommunityprojectinsouthernChile,andPrinceHarryhelpedbuildaschoolinSouthAfrica.PopularprojectsincludeidentifyingturtlesinTrinidadandTobago,helpingpeopleintheBrazilianrainforestor,likeTessa,teachingEnglishintheAndes.Shelovedtheexperience.‘Imetbrilliantpeoplefromallovertheworld.’
the journey of a lifetime
‘a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step’ Lao Tzu
Youcanlearnnewskillsinyourgapyear.Youcouldlearntocook,orlearnalanguagelikeChloe.ShespentsixmonthsinJapan.‘Ireallylearnttocommunicateinthattime!’ Gap-yearwebsiteshelpyouplanyourbudget.Theaveragegapyearcostsaround£3,500.Youshouldplanforthewholeyear,includingtravelcosts,accommodation,foodandentertainment.Anddon’tforgetinsurance–eventheaveragebackpackcontentsareworth£450! It’seasytostayincontactwithyourfriendsandfamily.ThereareInternetcafésandsomestudentscreateblogs,updatingthemwithnewsandphotographs.FriendsandfamilycanuseGoogleEarthtofollowyourjourney. Theexperienceofagapyearcanchangeyourplans.Timintendedtostudypoliticsatuniversity.ButaftersixmonthsasafarmworkerinChile,hedecidedtostudylanguagesinstead. Inagapyearyoubecomemoreindependent,improveyourcommunicationskills,andlearntoorganiseyourtime.Theseareimportantskillsfortheworkplace,sothinkcarefullybeforeyouchoosewhattodo.Yourgapyearisatimeforhavingfun,buttherealworldwillstillbetherewhenyougethome!
GAp YEArreal skills
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[7-26] FR2SB Mod1.pix.indd 14 30/05/11 08:33
SAMPLE
reading
1 read the article on page 14 and match the headings with the paragraphs.
LLearning new things LVolunteering LCosts? L Time off LWork skills LLife changing LTravelling LKeeping in touch
2 p read the article again. Circle T (True) or F (False). Correct the false sentences.
1 Young people take a gap year because they want to have a good time. T / F
Young people take a gap year for different reasons.
2 Each year about 2,000 young people do a gap year. T / F
3 Tessa didn’t like teaching English in the Andes. T / F
4 During a gap year you can learn new skills and gain professional qualifications. T / F
5 In his gap year, Tim changed his mind about his university course. T / F
6 The skills you learn during a gap year aren’t very useful for your future job. T / F
3 What did these people do in their gap year?
Tim adrienne
Tessa PrinceHarry
PrinceWilliam Chloe
4a pairwork Think of all the reasons why students take a gap year.
to learn a new language to get a job
4b What would you do in a gap year? Why?
Listening
5 30 p Listen and circle the correct answers.
alex1 Alex did a Gap Year Project in a Austria. b Australia. c Zambia.2 When Alex arrived he was surprised because a the people were happy. b it was raining. c it was hot.3 A big problem on the farm was a the long hours. b the heat. c health.4 The best thing about his gap year was a travelling. b working on a farm. c being a tourist.
elle 1 The most important thing that Elle took with her was a mosquito repellent. b a personal stereo. c sunscreen.2 Elle believes that if you work as a volunteer, you must a have fixed ideas. b be different. c have an open mind.3 Elle found the work a could be fun. b was too hard. c was a bit boring.4 Her diet was a unhealthy. b boring. c healthy.
speaking
7a imagine you are taking a gap year. Make notes. Where are you now? What are you doing? Where have you
been? What was your best experience? What was your worst experience?
7b pairwork interview your partner.
writing
8 T Write an email to a friend about your gap year. Use your notes from exercise 7a.
Random Fact There are at least 1 million foreign students studying in the UK each year.
15
1
Skills for life reading for information
When you have to give answers about a text, read the questions carefully. Make sure you understand what they mean. Use a dictionary to check any unfamiliar words.
pronunciation /e / / /
6a 31 Listen and repeat.
/e / air | there | care | share | prepare / / year | clear | here | idea | experience
6b 32 Listen and circle the words you hear. Listen again and check.
1 here / hair 3 beer / bare 5 we’re / where 2 fear / fair 4 dear / dare 6 cheer / chair
1
Un
it 1
[7-26] FR2SB Mod1.pix.indd 15 30/05/11 08:33
SAMPLE
ContentsModule 1 Unit 1 148grammar Past participles review; Present perfect review; Present perfect v past simple vocabulary Countries; Activities
Unit 2 154grammar Present perfect with just / yet / already; still; whose; Possessive pronouns vocabulary Music; At the airport
Module 2 Unit 3 160grammar Past continuous v past simple; said / asked + direct speech; when / while vocabulary Transport and roads
Unit 4 166grammar Modal verbs: present possibility; Modal verbs: future possibility; Modal verbs: past possibility; Multi-word verbs; Object pronouns vocabulary Feelings; Paintings
Module 3 Unit 5 172grammar will (predictions and future facts); be going to v present continuous for future; will have (done) / will be doing vocabulary Science fiction; Environmental problems
Unit 6 178grammar Zero conditional; Conditional + imperative; First conditional; when, as soon as, unless vocabulary Using emails, message boards and chat rooms; Geographical features
Module 4 Unit 7 184grammar Reported speech (1): reporting statements; Future in the past; Reporting present facts; Indefinite pronouns; each / every / each other; to be / get used to -ing vocabulary Household chores; Crimes and criminals
Unit 8 190grammar Reported speech (2): reported questions; Reporting verbs vocabulary Expressing feelings; Common expressions; Describing people
Module 5Unit 9 196grammar Second conditional; wish + past simple; wish + would; Defining relative clauses vocabulary Professions
Unit 10 202grammar Third conditional; wish / should have / ought to have; Adverbs of manner (revision) vocabulary Student problems and solutions; Planning a campaign; Multi-word verbs
Module 6Unit 11 208grammar Present simple passive; Present continuous passive; Passive modals; Non-defining relative clausesvocabulary Camping
Unit 12 214grammar Past simple passive; Present perfect passive; Past continuous passive; Future passive; have something done; Reflexive pronouns vocabulary Extreme sports
Module 7Unit 13 220grammar Present perfect continuous; Present perfect continuous v present perfect simple;used to / didn’t used to / wouldvocabulary Films
Unit 14 226grammar Past perfect; Past perfect and past simple vocabulary Books
FOR REALpre-intermediate Martyn Hobbs and Julia Starr Keddle
with Rob Nicholas
Workbook
01 FR PRE_INT WB Module 1 INT.indd 147 30/05/11 10:08
SAMPLE
jModule
1
148
Unit 1Gap year
Grammar reference
Past participles review• Form the past participle of regular verbs in the same
way as the past simple. The rules for spelling and pronunciation are the same as for the past simple.
Spelling rules• For most verbs add -ed to the base form.
talk talked • If the base form ends in -e, add -d.
love loved• If the verb ends in a consonant + -y, change -y to -i
and add -ed. carry carried
• If the verb ends in a vowel + -y, add -ed as usual. stay stayed
• If the verb ends in a single consonant preceded by a single stressed vowel, double the final consonant and add -ed. stop stopped
• If the verb ends in a single vowel followed by l always double the l, even if the vowel is unstressed. travel travelled
Pronunciation rules• We pronounce the final -ed /t/ after the sounds /k/, /f/,
/p/, /s/, /S/, /tS/. talked laughed stopped passed
watched finished • We pronounce the final -ed /Id/ after the sounds /d/
or /t/. started waited decided visited
• We pronounce the final -ed /d/ after all other sounds. phoned married stayed
• The past participle of irregular verbs has a special form. You must learn these by heart. In some verbs it is the same as the form of the past simple (e.g. make, made, made), in others it is different (e.g. see, saw, seen). A dictionary gives the past participle as the third form of the principal parts of the verb.
see /si;/ ( past tense saw /sO;/ past participle seen /si;n/) verb
Present perfect review
Positive full form
I/You/We/They have seen that film.He/She/It has finished.short formI/You/We/They ’ve seen that film.He/She/It ’s finished.
Negative full form
I/You/We/They have not talked to her.He/She/It has not stopped all day.short formI/You/We/They haven’t talked to her.He/She/It hasn’t stopped all day.
QuestionsHave I/you/we/they finished?Has he/she/it eaten?
Positive short answersYes, I/you/we/they have.Yes, he/she/it has.
Negative short answersNo, I/you/we/they haven’t.No, he/she/it hasn’t.
• Form the present perfect with: the present tense of the verb have + the past
participle • Form the positive with:
subject + have / has (full forms) + past participle subject + ’ve / ’s (short forms) + past participle
• Form the negative with: subject + have / has + not (full forms) +
past participle subject + haven’t / hasn’t (short forms) + past participle
• Form questions in the present perfect with: Have / Has + subject + past participle
• Form short answers with: Yes, + subject pronoun + have / has. No, + subject pronoun + haven’t / hasn’t.
01 FR PRE_INT WB Module 1 INT.indd 148 30/05/11 10:08
SAMPLE
149
1
Un
it 1
Present perfect v past simple • Use the present perfect to talk about an experience in
general or all your experiences in life up to the present time, without specifying where and when.
• Then use the past simple to give details about the experience specifying where and when it happened. He has been all over the world. He met some
friends in America. They went together to New York in 2008.
• With a past time expression always use the past simple, not the present perfect. Where / When did you see him? – I saw him at the
theatre last night. NOT I’ve seen him at the theatre last night.
Word listThe words in grey appear in the unit, but are not in the vocabulary sections.
CountriesAustraliaAustriaBotswanaBrazilCanadaChinaFinlandIndiaIndonesiaItalyJapan MexicoNew ZealandPortugalRussiaSouth AfricaThailandthe USA (America / the States)Zambia
Activitiesacting / theatre archery astronomyathletics backpacking biking / mountain biking camping canoeing ceramics circus skills climbing / rock climbingcomputer graphics crafts
• Note that the short answers are exactly the same as those for the present tense of have (got). Remember, never use short forms in positive short answers.
Usage• The present perfect connects past time with present
time. Use the present perfect to talk about experiences and events in the past that affect the present. It is not important to know when exactly in the past they happened. Tim is out. He’s gone to see Bob. I haven’t finished yet. Can you wait a minute?
• Use the present perfect to talk about all your experiences in life up to the present time. I’ve been to Paris three times.
• To ask if something has happened at any time before now use a question with ever and the present perfect. Have you ever been to Spain? – Yes, I have.
• To talk about something not yet experienced, use never with the present perfect. They’ve never visited Germany.
for and since• To talk about experiences that began in the past and are
still continuing in the present, use the present perfect with for or since. I have lived here for five years. NOT I live here for
five years.He has been abroad since August. NOT He is abroad since August.
• Use: for + period of time They haven’t seen each other for three years. since + the moment the experience began We have known each other since the first year in
primary school. • To ask when a continuing state or experience began,
use How long + the present perfect. How long have you had this computer?
For a year. / Since last July.
been and gone • The verb go has two past participles: been and gone. • Use have / has been to say that someone has gone to
a place and come back. Where did all this food come from? –
I’ve been to the shops.• Use have / has gone to say that someone has gone
to a place but has not yet come back. Have you seen Kiera? – She’s gone to the gym.
She’ll be back soon.
01 FR PRE_INT WB Module 1 INT.indd 149 30/05/11 10:08
SAMPLE
150
Activities
2 Match the words with the pictures.skating riding basketball rock climbing
fencing sailing fishing water-skiing
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
3 Write the letters in the correct order to make activities.
1 Have you tried cainnoeg? It’s a very exciting water sport.
2 I’ve been pigmanc lots of times – I just take my tent and find a nice place to sleep.
3 My hobby is ghrotohappy and I’ve taken thousands of pictures.
4 I’ve never tried frusing but I think I would like to ride the waves on the sea!
5 It’s great fun jumping up and down on a polenatrim.
6 Mark loves nagtic and wants to work in the theatre when he’s older.
canoeing
cycling dance (jazz/modern/ballet)diving drawing fencing fishing gymnastics hiking jogging karate kayaking making videosmetal work orienteeringpainting photography playing the piano / keyboards / drums / guitarplaying volleyball / soccer / tennis / hockey / baseball / basketball riding roller blading rowing sailing scuba diving sculpture singing skating surfing swimming trampoline trekking water-skiing windsurfingwoodwork
Vocabulary
Countries
1 Complete the names of the countries.
1 A , A2 B l 3 C a, C a4 I a, I a5 I y6 J n7 M o8 N w Z d9 P l
10 S h A a
ustralia ustria
01 FR PRE_INT WB Module 1 INT.indd 150 30/05/11 10:08
SAMPLE
151
1
Un
it 1
4 Write the words in the correct order to complete the questions.
In the last seven days, ...1 anywhere / have / been / you / exciting?
2 from / Internet? / have / downloaded / you / music / the3 diary? / have / a / written / in / you / anything4 good / you / a / read / have / book?5 of / had / have / friends / your / party? / a / any6 any / bought / clothes? / have / you / new
5 Now answer the questions for you.
1
6 Complete the sentences with been or gone.
1 Where has Clare ? And when will she be back?
2 Jack’s out, actually. Do you want to leave him a message?
3 I’ve out twice already today, and I’m not going out again.
4 Do you know where everyone’s ? There’s nobody here.
5 They’ve just left. They’ve to the post office. 6 Wow! Where have you ? You look
really well.
Present perfect v past simple
7 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Tom You 1 (have) an interesting life, Nick. Nick Well, I suppose I 2 (do) a lot of different
things in my life. Tom How many countries 3 you
(visit)? Nick Oh, I don’t know exactly, but I 4 (visit)
all the continents, including Antarctica. I 5 (travel) there with a group of scientists a few years ago, and we 6 (spend) three months there.
Tom And I understand you 7 (have) a number of different jobs over the years?
Nick Yes, I 8 (work) in a lot of places and I 9 (do) some strange things. I 10 (drive) a London bus, I 11 (be) down a gold mine in South Africa, I 12 (perform) in a circus …
Tom A circus? What 13 you __________ (do)?
Nick I 14 (be) a lion tamer’s assistant! I 15 (teach) English in Russia and ten years ago I 16 (have) my own travel agency. And last year I 17 (write) my first novel.
Have you been anywhere exciting?
Yes, I have. I’ve been to the circus. / No, I haven’t been anywhere exciting.
’ve had.
Grammar
Past participles review
1 Write the past participles of these verbs.
1 listen 7 send 2 play 8 buy 3 hope 9 go 4 travel 10 take 5 hurry 11 keep 6 do 12 read
2 Complete the sentences with the correct past participle of these verbs.
see visit eat break find meet write drive
1 I’ve three of my CDs in Dad’s car!2 I’ve a Ferrari.3 My sister’s snake, and she said it was good.4 I’ve never London. 5 I’ve never a lunar eclipse, but I will one
day.6 I’ve never a novel, but I’d like to one day.7 I’ve never any famous film stars. 8 Everyone in my family has an arm or a leg
except for me.
Present perfect review
3 Complete the email with the present perfect of the verbs in brackets.
listened
found
Hi, Stacey
How are things with you? I’m sorry I 1 (not write) to you before – I 2 (be) so busy. Actually, I 3 (try) to phone you, but you’re never home. Anyway, I 4 (find) a job for the summer at last! I’m going to work in Gap. I 5 (not work) in a clothes shop before, so it should be fun. I hear you 6 (start) work, too – strange to think of you as a waitress! You 7 (not do) it before, have you? So we’ve both got new experiences for this summer. Oh, I 8 (buy) a new car! Well, not exactly new – it’s my brother’s old one. It goes OK. Well, it 9 (not break) down yet!
See you soon,
Love, Kyle
01 FR PRE_INT WB Module 1 INT.indd 151 30/05/11 10:08
SAMPLE
152
2 Read the text again and choose the best answer.
1 Meeting a baby bear is A great fun. B what most walkers want. C almost impossible. D very dangerous.2 Bears A panic easily. B don’t want to kill us. C always run away. D always look for trouble.3 Bears come near humans because of A strong smells. B too much make-up. C tents. D the noise they make. 4 When a bear comes near, you should A throw a ball at it. B run away slowly. C shout and run towards it. D look as big as you can.
5 What should you never do if you see a bear? A curl yourself up into a ball B turn around and run C take off your shirt D back away slowly
Writing 3 Write a description of a dangerous experience
you have had. It can be real or imaginary. (120–150 words)
➤Tips• You can use information and vocabulary from the text
to write about an encounter with a bear. • Add interesting detail to make your story personal.
How did you feel when you saw the bear, and how did you feel after?
• What advice can you give to other walkers?
Skills: Reading – Towards PET (Part 4)1 Read the text and choose the best title.
a Walking trips in North Americab Protecting yourself from bearsc Bears: the great killersd Baby bears
Meeting a baby bear sounds like fun, but that’s the last thing you want on a summer walk in the northwestern part of North America. Because when you see a baby, it means that its mother is not far away, and a mother bear will do anything to protect her young ones. Bears are not man-eaters. They prefer to hunt for fish or berries. So the first thing to remember if you meet a bear in the wild is that it doesn’t really want trouble. The problem is that most of us panic, and our first instinct – to run away – is the wrong one. There are things that you can do to make sure bears don’t come your way. The first is to stay in groups and make noise. Bears don’t like surprises, so talk loudly or sing. Secondly, bears are attracted to food, and smells of all kinds, including make-up. You need to keep everything with a strong smell inside a tightly-sealed bag. And don’t keep the bag in your tent at night or you could have an unwelcome caller. Try putting your food bag up a tree. Bears can climb, but at least they won’t attack your tent.
Unfortunately, you can’t always make noise or stop smells from getting out. So what do you do when you are face to face with a large brown bear? First, take off your jacket or shirt and hold it out above your head. This makes you seem much bigger than you are. Never turn around and run, just back away very slowly, and the bear will usually leave. If the worst happens and you are unlucky enough to meet a large, angry grizzly bear that wants to attack you, curl yourself up into a ball to protect your head and chest.
01 FR PRE_INT WB Module 1 INT.indd 152 30/05/11 10:08
SAMPLE
153
1
Un
it 1
Study skills Being a good learner
1 Read and complete the article with these words.
difficult motivates things timeshould achievements creativity stressed
2 Look at the five points and for each point make a note of another personal strategy you could use.
C draw pictures of descriptions I read in English stories R write a diary of my feelings after each lesson E tidy my computer files and folders A ask the teacher to explain the saxon genitive again! M write a list of things I achieve in English
C r e a t i v eR e f l e c t i v eE f f e c t i v eA c t i v eM o t i v a t e d
C . R . E . A . M .C . R . E . A . M .
Being a good learner involves lots of different things. But there are some key ways to improve your performance.
C Be creativeMaybe this surprises you, but using imagination and 1 when you study helps you to be a good learner. Look for interesting connections between the 2 you are learning. Use humour, be curious and experiment with your normal routine activities.
R Be reflectiveIt’s important to think about your learning. Think about what 3 you. Think about things that were successful or not so successful in your last project. Keep a diary of your learning and write about what was easy and what was 4 .
E Be effectiveYou need to be organised and manage your 5 . You can’t work when you are tired or 6 and you need a place to work that suits your personal study style.
A Be activeIt’s important to take responsibility for your studies. You don’t have to wait for the teacher to tell you – you can look for new ways to learn. You 7 also always ask your teacher if you need more help or explanations.
M Be motivatedMotivation is very important. Think about why you are learning English and why it is important for your future. Celebrate your successes – even little ones! Make a note of your 8 to encourage you. Find support from friends or Internet pals.
01 FR PRE_INT WB Module 1 INT.indd 153 30/05/11 10:08
SAMPLE
pre-intermediateMartyn Hobbs and Julia Starr Keddlewith Katherine Stannett
LINKS
FOR REAL pre-interm LINKS ITA-INT 2011.indd 1 01/06/11 09:51
SAMPLE
Contents
REAL CoMMUNICATIoN & ExAM LISTENINGModule 1 4-5Module 2 6-7Module 3 8-9Module 4 10-11Module 5 12-13Module 6 14-15Module 7 16-17
INTERCULTUREModule 1 About the USA 18-21Module 2 Cultural diversity in the USA (1) 22-23Module 3 Cultural diversity in the USA (2) 24-25Module 4 Europe 26-29Module 5 About Australia 30-33Module 6 Language and literature (1) 34-35Module 7 Language and literature (2) 36-37
SToRIES 38-45
CLIL Module 1 Music: history of jazz 46-47Module 2 Art: modern art movements 48-49Module 3 The environment: wind farms 50-51Module 4 Maths: probability 52-53Module 5 Business: viral marketing 54-55Module 6 Physics: space junk 56-57Module 7 Literature: World War 1 poetry 58-59
RoLEPLAyS 60 SoNGS 61-64
FOR REAL pre-interm LINKS ITA-INT 2011.indd 3 01/06/11 09:51
SAMPLE
File Unit 1 APPLICATIoN FoRMS
Instructions
Fill in
Complete
Circle
Choose
Write here:
Please list
File Unit 2 TRAvELLING By PLANE
At check-in
Ticket and passport, please.
Is this your own baggage?
Did you pack the contents yourself?
Have you been given anything to carry?
How many pieces of luggage have you got?
Does your baggage contain any electrical or electronic items, or sharp objects?
Have you got any hand luggage?
It’s too big. I’m sorry, you will have to check it in.
Would you like an aisle or a window seat?
Words and expressions
application form
available
area code
education
experience
44
jModule 1Module 1 Real communication
Dialogue
1 Complete the dialogue with these words. employer | complete | experience | choose | referees | available | filled in | education
JESS Can you check this job application form for me, please? I don’t want to make any silly mistakes.
KEISHA Sure. Let’s see. First, you need to 1__________________ the position you’re interested in.
JESS Oh, yes, of course. KEISHA Now, you’ve put your phone number here, but
you haven’t 2 __________________ the area code. Isn’t it 01625? I don’t think you’ve finished the 3 __________________ section here either. You need to put all the different exams you did in your last year at school.
JESS What, all of them? OK. KEISHA Oh, this bit here. You’re not supposed to write
anything. JESS What? Oh, I see now. It’s for the
4 __________________ not the applicant. Right. KEISHA In the part about 5 __________________ , are
you sure you’ve put every part-time job you’ve done in the past? What about the baby-sitting?
JESS Oh, yes, I didn’t think about that.KEISHA You’ve been to the USA before, haven’t you? JESS Yeah, I went about five years ago with Mum.KEISHA So you need to 6 __________________ this
section about ‘previous visits to the USA’.JESS Right. And what about this bit, ‘Please list two
7__________________’ . Who shall I put? KEISHA Well, put your boss at Fashion Plus, and Mr
Harris from school. Oh, and don’t forget to tell them when you’ll be 8 __________________ for an interview.
2 2 Listen and check.
Real talk
3 Complete the dialogue with these words. you don’t need all of them. Who exactly is… | kind of | drop dead gorgeous | You’re kidding | That is so cool | Anyway
ANNIE Mum says you can come on holiday to Cyprus with us.
STACEY 1___________________ !ANNIE No, I’m not. Joe’s coming too.STACEY 2____________________ Joe?ANNIE He goes to school with my brother. He’s
3_____________________ !STACEY Fantastic. 4____________________ . Thanks
so much.
4 3 Listen and check.
FOR REAL pre-interm LINKS ITA-INT 2011.indd 4 01/06/11 09:51
SAMPLE
55
Dialogue
5 Complete the dialogue with these expressions. pieces of luggage | interfered with | an aisle or a window | pack these bags | ticket and passport | any hand luggage | carrying any electronic equipment | check it in
CLERK Good morning. Can I see your 1____________________, please?
PASSENGER Hi. Here you are.CLERK How many 2
____________________ have you
got?PASSENGER Just this suitcase.CLERK Have you got 3 ____________________ ?PASSENGER Yes, I’ve got this bag.CLERK Hmm. It’s too big. I’m sorry, you’ll have to
4______________________ .PASSENGER Oh… I’ll need to take some things out,
then. CLERK Now I need to ask you some security questions.
Did you 5 ____________________ yourself? PASSENGER Yes, I always pack my own bags. CLERK Are you 6 ____________________ in your
suitcase? PASSENGER I’ve got a personal CD player. CLERK That’s OK. Are you carrying anything sharp,
such as knives or scissors? PASSENGER No, nothing. CLERK Could anyone have 7____________________
your luggage? PASSENGER No, I don’t think so. CLERK OK, Ms Connor. Would you like
8______________________ seat?PASSENGER I’d like a seat near a window, please. CLERK Right. Here you are. Go to Gate 15. You’re
boarding in 45 minutes. Enjoy the flight!
6 4 Listen and check.
Exam Listening - Towards PET (Part 3)
7 5 Listen to the conversation and complete the notes.
Interview notesDate:________________________ time:_____________________
NAme of ApplIcANt:
Mr Michael Jones
Address:
Lewis Street, 1
reAsoN for WANtINg to Work here:
Our reputation, and 2
specIAl skIlls:
Has got 3 skills.
Has done a 4 course.
Is an excellent 5
other sports he / she cAN do:
football , tennis, 6 ,
karate, 7
and 8
Art skIlls:
Has won 9 for
painting, and enjoys 10
classes.
FOR REAL pre-interm LINKS ITA-INT 2011.indd 5 01/06/11 09:51
SAMPLE
j
18
Module 1 Interculture
Project
Glossary
geography and landscapeThe USA is a huge country and is the world’s third largest nation (total area). There is a time difference of six hours between Alaska and Maine! The USA has a varied landscape including temperate forests in the east, huge flat plains in the centre, deserts in the south-west, the Appalachian and Rocky Mountains, the Great Lakes, temperate rainforests in the Pacific Northwest, mangrove forests in Florida, Arctic regions in Alaska, and the volcanic islands of Hawaii. The weather is varied – in the north there are very cold winters and in the south-east it is sub-tropical. Sometimes there is extreme weather in the USA with floods, hurricanes, droughts and earthquakes.
states and governmentThe USA has 50 states – 48 form the landmass between Canada and Mexico. Alaska is the 49th state, and Hawaii was the last state to form part of the USA. The USA has a federal government that runs the whole country, and a president. It is a democracy, and people can vote for the president, and parliament (Congress). Almost all politicians are either Democrats or Republicans. Each state has its own government. These governments create their own taxes and laws.
1 PaiRwoRk What do you know about the USA? Answer these questions.
1 How many states are there?2 Which two states are not joined to the landmass?3 What are the two main political parties?4 What industries does the USA have?5 What is its population?6 What are the main oceans around the USA?
2 Study the map and read the information on the right. Check your answers to the questions in exercise 1.
3 Read the information on the right again and decide if the sentences are T (True) or F (False).
1 If it’s 6 a.m. in Alaska, it’s 8 a.m. in Maine. T / F 2 There is a wide variety of different geographical
features in the USA. T / F 3 Hawaii is the 50th state. T / F 4 There are many different political parties in the
USA. T / F 5 The USA manufactures a lot, but it doesn’t have
its own resources. T / F 6 The population of the USA in 1920 was 390
million. T / F 7 Many people in the USA are descended from
Europeans. T / F 8 Native Americans and Inuit are the oldest
inhabitants of the USA. T / F
4 Look at the map and complete the alphabetical list of states.
Find out some more information about the USA. Choose a topic, for example The Government, and do research on the Internet. Do a project and illustrate it with photos, diagrams and charts.
plains floods droughts landmass coal corn wheat iron slaves
the UsA
FOR REAL pre-interm LINKS ITA-INT 2011.indd 18 01/06/11 09:51
SAMPLE
19
About the USA
economyThe USA has the most important economy in the world. The country has rich mineral resources including gold, oil, coal and uranium. The USA is a top producer of corn, wheat, sugar and tobacco, and its industries produce aluminium, iron, steel, cars, aeroplanes and electronics. But the biggest sector of the economy is that of the service industries.
the peopleThe USA has a population of 308 million, many descended from European immigrants. The population grew from a few million in 1820 to over 100 million by 1920. Large groups of people are descended from immigrants from Germany, England, Scotland, Ireland and Italy, Scandinavian countries and other eastern and southern European countries. People from Mexico and South and Central America are the largest minority group – 14.8% of the population. About 13% of the population are African-Americans, mostly descended from African slaves brought to America, and 4.4% of the population is Asian-American. Native Americans and Inuit have lived in the country thousands of years, but make up less than 1% of the population.
cultureAll the major cities have classical music, historical, scientific and art centres, and many museums. There is a rich culture of dance, theatre, film and popular music. US culture influences the rest of the world, especially the Western World. Music, movies and TV from the USA are popular everywhere, and US food and lifestyle is also exported all over the world.
Alabama A__________ Arizona Arkansas C__________ Colorado Connecticut Delaware F__________ Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois I__________ Iowa Kansas K__________
Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts M__________ Minnesota M__________ Missouri Montana Nebraska N__________ New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico N__________ North Carolina North Dakota
Ohio O__________ Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee T__________ Utah Vermont V__________ Washington West Virginia Wisconsin W__________
the 50 states of the UsA
FOR REAL pre-interm LINKS ITA-INT 2011.indd 19 01/06/11 09:51
SAMPLE
j
20
Module 1 Interculture
1 Work in pairs. Answer the questions.1 What are the public holidays in your country? And in
your region or city?2 What are the origins of these days?3 What happens on these special days?4 Which do you prefer?
2 Read the project and answer the questions.Which holidays ...1 celebrate the achievements of an individual?2 celebrate a particular historical event in the USA?3 celebrate an exact date?4 are religious?
3 Read the project again and write the name of the holidays.
1 people watch the behaviour of a small animal _____________
2 people dress up in scary clothes _____________ 3 there is a big dinner with special food in the autumn
_____________ 4 it remembers a historical battle _____________5 it commemorates the leaders of the USA
_____________6 it celebrates a famous activist _____________7 there are parades during this late summer event
_____________8 it commemorates the dead _____________
hi! We’re from Westlands High School, Denver,
and this is our class project on holidays in the
USA.The calendar of holidays in the USA tells us
about the history of our nation. These are some
of the holidays that we celebrate.
martin luther king day third monday of January In the 1950s and 1960s the Reverend Dr Martin Luther King used non-violent protests to fight against the treatment of blacks as second-class citizens. He made a famous speech in 1963 which started, ‘I have a dream ...’ Soon after, the US Congress prohibited racial discrimination. In 1968 Martin Luther King was assassinated, and since 1986 there has been a holiday on that day.
president’s day third monday of february George Washington was the first president of the USA. There was a national holiday to celebrate his birthday on 22 February until the 1970s. But then Congress decided to create a single day to celebrate all the presidents of the USA.
memorial day fourth monday in mayCities all around the country have their own ceremonies, parades and memorial services to honour the dead. The President of the USA gives a speech and lays a wreath. For many Americans this day marks the beginning of summer, and we go to the beach or to the mountains.
Holidays in the USA
FOR REAL pre-interm LINKS ITA-INT 2011.indd 20 01/06/11 09:51
SAMPLE
Project
Glossary
21
About the USA
4 Find the ways of celebrating that match these definitions.
1 a special religious event to remember the dead _____________
2 a meal outside sitting on the ground _____________3 a procession of people _____________4 beautiful, colourful, noisy explosions in the night sky
_____________5 a special get-together of friends with food, drink and
music _____________6 a huge meal with lots of special food _____________
5 PaiRwoRk Which holidays in the USA do you prefer? Why?
Choose one of the following for a project. Do some research on the Internet. Illustrate your project with photos.• a US holiday • a holiday in your country
the dead to mark trick harvest cranberry sauce sweet potatoes pumpkin pie hole shadow
Independence day the fourth of JulyThis is the birthday of the USA as a free nation. It commemorates the signing of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. The 13 British colonies on the eastern coast were at war with Britain. They fought for the freedom of the colonies. We have picnics, patriotic parades, concerts and fireworks on this day.
labor day first monday of septemberIn 1894 Congress made Labor Day a holiday to honour all working people. In many places there are Labor union parades. It marks the end of the summer and we often go to the beach for a three-day weekend. And for us students, it marks the beginning of the school year!
columbus day second monday in october Do you know who Christopher Columbus was? Of course you do! He was the European navigator who landed in the New World in 1492. There is a huge parade in New York to celebrate this holiday.
halloween 31st october ‘Trick or treat’ say the children as they go from house to house dressed as ghosts and witches. The neighbours have to give them a present or they have a trick played on them. Teenagers and adults have masquerade parties, too. The orange pumpkin, with its scary face, is a symbol of Halloween and comes from a Celtic tradition.
thanksgiving day fourth thursday in November What is this important event about? When the Pilgrim Fathers arrived in Massachusetts in 1621 they had a terrible first winter. Then Native Americans taught them how to grow food, and the next harvest was so good that they held a feast. We have a big dinner with our family and friends and serve food from that first feast – roast
turkey, cranberry sauce, sweet potatoes and pumpkin pie. We give thanks before we begin the meal.
christmas 25th december Most Americans are Christians and we have a holiday for the Christmas period and spend it with our family and friends. We go shopping before Christmas and give each other presents on Christmas Day. We decorate our homes, have a Christmas tree and eat Christmas dinner.
ethnic holidays There are other significant holidays which aren’t national days. The Chinese communities celebrate chinese New Year with fireworks and feasts. And since 1966, African Americans have celebrated kwanzaa, an African harvest festival. mardi gras happens in New Orleans with a big parade. And on st patrick’s day there is a parade in New York to commemorate the Irish patron saint.
state holidays Each state has its own holidays, too. Our favourite is groundhog day. It is celebrated in Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania. A groundhog, ‘Punxsutawney Phil’, has to come out of his hole. If he sees his shadow in the sun, it is going to be an early spring. If not, it will be a long winter! It was the location of a famous comedy film, Groundhog Day.
FOR REAL pre-interm LINKS ITA-INT 2011.indd 21 01/06/11 09:51
SAMPLE
46
warm up
1 What is your favourite type of music?R&B | Hip Hop | Trance | Indie | Folk | Jazz | Classical | Pop | Rock
2 PaiRwoRk Which instruments are traditionally used in a jazz band?
a violin b flute c saxophone
d drums e clarinet f trumpet
g recorder h trombone i double bass
Reading
3 Read the article and write the musical styles for these artists.
1 Jelly Roll Morton __________2 Charlie Parker __________3 Louis Armstrong __________
4 Read the article again and circle T (True) or F (False).
1 Slaves often sang while they worked. T / F2 Blues music was never popular in the towns.
T / F3 People from many different countries lived in
New Orleans in the 1900s. T / F4 Jazz and blues music started in the northern
states of the USA. T / F5 ‘Chicago’-style jazz started in the 1950s. T / F6 If you use improvisation, it means that you
play exactly the same tune every time. T / F
Vocabulary
5 Match the words with the definitions.
1 slave2 harmony3 immigrant4 folk music5 syncopation6 bass line
1M
odu
leCLIL
MUSIC: HISTORY OF JAzz
three from the following:
[A/W: photos of: Scott Joplin playing ragtime music;
early 19th century illustration of slaves in America,
a marching band,
Louis Armstrong;
Ella Fitzgerald]It was dangerous and it was rebellious. It was called ‘the devil’s music’. It started in the fields of southern UsA as the music of the slaves, but now we see it as a symbol of democracy and freedom. When we look at the history of blues and jazz music, we can follow the history of black America, from slavery to celebrity.
Jazz and Blues
Work songs and spiritualsIn 19th century southern USA, most African Americans worked as slaves in the fields. Their lives were very hard and they sang work songs and spirituals – religious songs – to show their feelings of sadness and their hopes for freedom. These songs were the beginnings of blues music and the word ‘blues’ means a feeling of sadness. Sometimes slaves used these songs to give secret messages to each other. For example, the spiritual, The Gospel Train’s A-comin’, is about a group of slaves who are getting ready to escape from slavery.
the Beginnings of JazzWhen slavery ended in 1865, many African Americans moved into the towns. They brought blues music with them and it became popular throughout Southern America. The most exciting city in the southern USA at this time was probably New Orleans. It was full of people and their music from all over the world. As well as blues music, there were marching bands which played brass instruments like trumpets, cornets and tubas and there was folk music from Europe. At the same time, two black musicians - Scott Joplin and Jelly Roll Morton – developed a form of piano music called ‘Ragtime’. This used syncopation with a strong bass line. Gradually a new type of music grew from these different musical styles – jazz music. It was the music of the people, the music of the immigrants, the slaves and the rebels.
a traditional music from one country or one group of people
b a rhythm with the emphasis on the weak beat
c someone who belongs to another person and has to work for them
d the lowest instrumental part in a piece of music
e a combination of musical notes played at the same time
f a person who comes from one country into another country to live
“Jazz is the big brother of Revolution. Revolution follows it around.” Miles Davis
FOR REAL pre-interm LINKS ITA-INT 2011.indd 46 01/06/11 09:54
SAMPLE
Project
47
1
Mod
ule
Listening
6 34 Listen to the interview. How did Louis Armstrong develop the ‘scat’ style of singing?
7 Listen again and complete the timeline for Louis Armstrong.
1901 born19__ sang in the streets of New Orleans1915 _____________________ playing
cornet for a dance hall.19__ moved to Chicago1924 got a job ________________ .19__ made his first recording.
speaking
8 Ask and answer. Check your answers to exercise 7.
(A When did he sing in the streets of New Orleans?
)B I think it was 1912. What did he do in 1915?
(A He …
writing
9 Write a paragraph about Louis Armstrong’s early life.
Research another great jazz musician. You can choose one of these musicians, or you can use your own ideas.
Charlie Parker Wynton Marsalis Charles Mingus Thelonious Monk
a Make notes about• The musician’s childhood • When did he/she first learn to play
an instrument?• What kind of jazz music did he/she
play?• What songs did he/she write?
b Write a short article about your musician.
Jazz and the great depressionJazz and blues music spread from the southern states to the northern and it became the music for the young generation of the 1920s. By now, jazz music was popular with white and black audiences. During the Great Depression of the 1930s and then the second world war, people danced to jazz bands as a way of escaping from their difficult lives at home. Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington formed jazz orchestras and played ‘Chicago style’ jazz. But although they were famous musicians, they still experienced racial segregation – where black and white people went to different schools, had different seats on the bus and even used different entrances to get into concert halls.
cool JazzBy the 1950s, there were many different styles of jazz music. Artists like Charlie Parker, Miles Davis and Ella Fitzgerald used a lot of improvisation. Each time they played a tune, they created a new way to play it and they used a lot of extra notes. This style of jazz was called ‘cool jazz’. Other jazz styles in the 1950s and 1960s included ‘be-bop’, ‘hard bop’ and ‘free jazz’.
Jazz hasn’t stopped developing, changing and growing. It has been a huge influence in much of the popular music of today, especially r&B, soul music and hip hop. the ‘devil’s music’ is still alive!
‘Jazz isn’t dead. it just smells funny.’ FRank Zappa
The Gospel Train’s a’comin’ I hear it just at hand I hear the car wheels rumblin’ And rollin’ thro’ the land
Chorus: Get on board little children Get on board little children Get on board little children There’s room for many more
I hear the train a’comin’ she’s comin’ round the curve she’s loosened all her steam and brakes And strainin’ ev’ry nerve
The fare is cheap and all can go The rich and poor are there No second class aboard this train No difference in the fareJazz and Blues
FOR REAL pre-interm LINKS ITA-INT 2011.indd 47 01/06/11 09:54
SAMPLE