food import control- a national perspective, italy romano marabelli°, paolo aureli*, agostino...
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FOOD IMPORT CONTROL-A national perspective, Italy
Romano Marabelli°, Paolo Aureli*, Agostino Macri’**, ° Direction General of Veterinary Public Health, Food and Nutrition
MINISTRY OF HEALTH *Food and **Veterinary Medicine Laboratories
ISTITUTO SUPERIORE DELLA SANITA’Rome, ITALY
FOOD PRODUCTION IN ITALY
It is mainly performed by small-sized and medium-sized family run businesses
it is deeply rooted in the food tradition of the territory
the output of these food businesses is low
the qualitative level is high also under the hygiene and health points of view, due to the possibility of performing an accurate control at all stages that entails a considerable effect on food exports
the strong reduction of certain agricultural activities has led to an increase in the use of raw materials imported from other countries, making it more difficult to perform a direct control on their hygiene and health quality.
ORIGIN OF IMPORTED PRODUCTS - 2002
~100 Countries (80% EU’s)60% of fish products are imported : ~50 Third
Countries and ~ 50% EU’s
IMPORTANCE TO THE QUALITY OF RAW MATERIALS
VERIFICATION OF THE COMPLIANCE AT THE IMPORT STAGE
it is necessary to have updated ■ common assessment criteria on emerging
hazards ■ adequate control networks to prevent the
introduction of risk factors in the food production chain
COMMON INTERESTS AMONG THE EU COUNTRIES
build up an efficient information network not only between the central authorities but also between the local services in charge of checking imported goods to foster a quick notification of violations found and a verification of the control procedures for a possible implementation
EU STRATEGY FOR THE CHECKS ON IMPORTED PRODUCTS
food of animal origin can enter the European Union only if:
they come from specifically approved Third Countries (List of Third Countries)
they meet the health requirements established at Community level (health certificate)
they come from approved establishments
the outcome of the checks at the EU borders was favourable
VETERINARY CHECKS AT BORDER INSPECTION POSTS (BIPS)
Documentary and identity checks Physical (or material) checks Laboratory checks ( random)
consignments may be Accepted ( DVCE is issued) Rejected
LABORATORY CHECKS
differences with respect to sampling procedures
acceptability criteria
sensitivity of methods
laboratory accreditation
possibility of repeating the tests
ASSESSMENT OF COMPLIANCE
to assure the same accuracy in the evaluation in all Border Inspection Posts it would be desirable to establish
a minimum list of laboratory tests
a harmonised overall procedure
THE MOST SIGNIFICANT HEALTH PROBLEMS
Illegal veterinary drug residues (Cloramphenicol and nitrofurans)
Detection of counterfeited certificates
Chemical contaminants (mycotoxins)
NUMBER OF (%)IRREGULARITY OBSERVED BY THE ITALIAN BIPs
1997-2002Year N° Rejections % of rejections
1997 493 0,6%
1998 320 0,4%
1999 255 0,3%
2000 300 0,3%
2001 331 0,4%
2002 422 0,5%
NATURE OF THE IRREGULARITIES
lack of health certificate or origin from a country subjected to a ban
presence of pathogenic micro-organisms
active substance residues
environmental contaminants
THE APPLICATION OF DIRECTIVE 90/675
■ organization of national checks
■ own training and updating courses of official veterinarians for BIPs
THE OUTPUTS
difference in procedures for similar situations
interventions of the EU inspectors to harmonize the inspection approach
The new BIPs
Decrease in the beneficial effects produced by the “buffer zone”
direct exposition of MSs to the current health emergencies coming from Central and Far Eastern Countries
need to acquire the “Community inspection” awareness by the “new” inspectors who are technically well skilled
CONCLUSIONS
an EU legal status for border inspectors
an adequate wage
a centralised training
setting up a Superior School for Border Inspectors under the aegis of the Commission