food, health and homelessness
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Food, health and homelessness. Alison McKay [email protected]. Homelessness in Hampshire. Climate of increasing homelessness across UK and in Hampshire. Lacking accurate definitions and counts statutory vs single homeless/rough sleepers/hidden homeless - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Food, health and homelessness Alison [email protected]
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Homelessness in Hampshire
Climate of increasing homelessness across UK and in Hampshire.
Lacking accurate definitions and counts statutory vs single homeless/rough
sleepers/hidden homelessVulnerable and marginalised group
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Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
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What is Public Health Nutrition (PHN)The promotion of good health through the primary prevention of diet-related illness in the population
What people eat Nutritional needs through the lifespan Dietary recommendations Nutritional surveillance Achieving change Food supply, food safety and policy
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Is PHN relevant for the homeless?
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Food related homeless services Homeless services:
Types: Day centres, hostels and supported accommodation Churches and voluntary groups
Food provision: Food or cooking facilities Resources are limited – financial, human Often depend on donations of food and/or money
Examples of good practice; Edinburgh Cyrenian’s St Mungo’s
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Why is food important for homeless people?
A nutritious and healthy diet is important: In restoring and safeguarding health In improving quality of life In helping people make a
sustainable recovery from homelessness.
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Short term consequences of a poor dietLow energy, tiredness Irritability and lack of concentration Increased susceptibility to infection
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Poor diet and longer term healthOften a tri-morbidity of:
physical illness, mental health problems substance abuse
Common health problems: Dental caries and gum disease Liver disease Exacerbation of pre-existing health conditions Increased risk of premature mortality
Role of diet and lifestyle ???
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Food and health projectAim:
To understand the eating habits and food acquisition practices of the users of Southampton's homeless services
Key activities: Interviews with service providers Service users’ survey
4 homeless services in Southampton: 1 Day centre 1 Hostel with full board 1 Hostel with self catering facilities 1 Supported accommodation project
79 single homeless participants Those who agreed to participate out of 111 individuals
approached
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Homeless peoples’ food patterns 63% of participants ate at least 2 meals
daily14% ate only one small meal daily2 individuals ate no regular meals
Rough sleepers and those not engaged with homeless services most at risk of poor nutrition.
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Where do homeless people eat? Food sources 4-7 days weekly
Hostels were a regular food source for nearly half of the survey participants.
n =79
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Alternative food sources
Begging for money for food, stealing, raiding bins and selling property were commonly used
05
101520253035404550
Part
icip
ants
(%)
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Barriers to homeless people eating wellService provider:
Food availability Variety of food Cost Nutritional quality
Service user: Lack of nutritional knowledge and skills Addictive behaviours of clients Poor physical and/or mental health Lack of interest
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Factors influencing food related health and wellbeing
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What next for food and health?Food, nutrition and homelessness policy Multi-sector approachUsing food as centre of community and
skills building Cooking, shopping, budgeting skills
Local needs assessments Screening for nutritional needs
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Summary Good food and nutrition are vital for health Homeless people have worse health
outcomes than the general population Little guidance or financial help for food-
related homeless services There are numerous barriers to eating well
To improve nutritional health and wellbeing a multi-sector, practical and educational approach is needed.
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References1. Fitzpatrick S Pawson H Bramley G Wilcox S. The Homelessness Monitor:
Great Britain 2012. London: Heriot Watt University, University of York Crisis, 2012.
2. Maslow A. Motivation and Personality. New York: Harper; 1954.3. Department of Health. The Eatwell Plate Resources. DoH. London: TSO;
2011.4. Saeland M Haugen M Eriksen F Wandel M Smehaugen A Bohmer T and
Oshauger A. High sugar consumption and poor nutrient intake among drug addicts in Oslo, Norway. Br J Nutr. 2011;105:618-24.
5. Royal College of Physicians of the United Kingdom. Food poverty and health: Briefing statement. London: Faculty of Public Health, 2005.
6. St Mungo's. Homelessness: It makes you sick. London: St Mungo's, 2008Homeless Link. The Health and Wellbeing of People who are Homeless. London: Homeless Link, 2010.
7. Homeless Link. The Health and Wellbeing of People who are Homeless. London: Homeless Link, 2010.
8. Crisis. Homelessness: A silent killer - a research briefing on mortality amongst homeless people. London: University of Sheffield, 2011.