SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEBANGSAAN GHAFAR BABA

2010

TRANSPORTATION ROBOT

TRISHAW, BULLOCK CART AND CABLE CAR

Robot Promote Tourism

"Dynamic Robot Promote a National or Culture Heritage of Malaysia"

1. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, we would like to thank our supervisor, Encik Jamaluddin for valuable guidance and advice. He inspired us greatly in work of this project. He willingness to motivate us contributed tremendously to our project. We also would like to thank him for showing us some examples that are related to our project.

Besides that, we would like to thank the authority of SKK SMK Ghafar Baba for providing us a conducive environment and facilities to complete this project. We would also like to take this opportunity to thank Tengku Hazrul for providing us the documentation methods.

Finally, an honorable mention goes to our families and friends for their understandings and supports on us in completing this project. Without helps of the particular that mentioned above, we would face many difficulties while doing this project.

2. TEAM BIODATA

Programmer

Name : Lim Zhen En

I/C no. : 940510-05-5061

Age : 16

School : SMK Ghafar Baba

Builder

Name : Aiman Bin Supawi

I/C no. : 940830-05-5183

Age : 16

School : SMK Ghafar Baba

Presenter

Name : Arjunan a/l K. Ganesan

I/C no. : 940511-04-5113

Age : 16

School : SMK Ghafar Baba

3. THEME

Robot Promote Tourism

"Dynamic Robot Promote a National or Culture Heritage of Malaysia"

4. PROJECT MISSION, VISION AND OBJECTIVES

Mission

To produce successful young, creative and innovative generation with technical information and technologies in robot designing.

Vision

To enable students to learn and apply their technical information and technologies in robot designing skills in making robot which is able to promote a National or Culture Heritage of Malaysia.

Objective

1. To introduce students about Science and Technology.2. To expose students with existence of robots that can give a lot of advantages of human.3. To train students to cooperate with teammate and work together to build the best robot they could do.4. To attach students on how to design and robot.5. To be a platform in mastering practical aspect in engineering and technology.

5. INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT

Tourism is one of the main source of income in Malaysia. In Malaysia, there are many races. Due to the variety of races, the culture in Malaysia is unique. For example, the clothes, food and transportation and festive celebration. As for that, we took the opportunity given by NRC (National Robotic Competition) to promote Malaysia’s famous transportations which are the trishaw,bullock cart and cable car. Now, many tourists come to Malaysia especially Malacca which received title of World Heritage Site by UNESCO on 7 July 2008 and other places like Pulau Pinang and Genting Highland.Cable car is one of the vehicle that is used to move from one place to another in hillsides. In Malaysia we can find cable car in Langkawi and Genting Highland.Recently cable cars are used to transport tourists who want to take a look at mountains.

Nowdays the bullock cart and the trishaw are being forgetten by the residents of Malaysia. Although they know these are cultural transportations but they just do not want to use it. After conducting a survey we found that tourists who came to Malaysia like to get a ride on cultural transportations such as trishaw and bullock cart. So, Malaysia needs a generation of responsible citizens to safeguard its heritage.It’s not easy to maintain our cultural transportations which have been used since our ancesters.Hence, it is our responsibility to design the cultural transportations to safe it from forgetten and promote tourism. So, our team has build a trishaw and a bullock cart with a few modification.

6. SYNOPSIS OF THE PROJECT

a) Background

The cycle rickshaw is a small-scale local means of transport; it is also known by a variety of other names such as pedicab, bikecab, cyclo, becak, or trishaw or, simply, rickshaw which also refers to auto rickshaws. Cycle rickshaws are human-powered, a type of tricycle designed to carry passengers in addition to the driver. They are often used on a for hire basis. Cycle rickshaws are widely used in major cities around the world, but most commonly in cities of South, Southeast and East Asia. Trishaws were first introduced in Singapore in 1914 as "pedal rickshaws" or pedicabs, when bicycles were innovatively added to the passenger seat of rickshaws.In 1914, at least 15 trishaws were first registered in Singapore with fares similar to first-class rickshaws. The trishaws proved a bulkier and less manoeuvrable vehicle compared to their more primitive brother, the rickshaw. This initial batch of trishaws in 1914 were quickly taken to be sold off in Java and were soon forgotten. It was only in the late 1920s that trishaws returned to the island and its use increased with more Chinese immigrants coming to Singapore and finding that trishaw riding proved a viable occupation. As it was easier to drive and offered twice the speed of rickshaws, trishaws soon grew in popularity not only in Singapore but also in Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam and throughout Asia. World War II and the consequent lack of petrol fuelled the use of trishaws and thus the Japanese have often been credited with its invention. In Singapore however, the motorised trishaw never took root and the trishaw remains pedal-powered to this day.

The trishaw evolved from the Japanese invention, rickshaws. The 3-wheeler varied in design with the seat sometimes in front, and in other parts of Asia, behind the trishaw rider. But in Singapore, the seat is located at the side of the trishaw rider: a bicycle attached to a sidecar. A hood, like those found on the rickshaw, also provides shade for the trishaw passenger.

Bullock is a two-wheeled vehicle pulled by oxen. It is the transport used since ancient times in many places in the world. Bullock carts,

one of the earliest and most popular modes of transport in the 19th and early 20th century Singapore. They were used for a variety of

purposes, such as travelling and transportation of goods. They were phased out slowly with rising levels of traffic and the advent of

mechanised transport from 1867 onwards. It is still used today in the modern vehicles are too expensive or does not support infrastructure

car. Framework installed on the cattle cars pull with a special link that tied wooden axles, but the string may be used only for a cow or

two.Driver seated at the front, and the passengers or the goods are loaded on the back. In the tradition of carrying the goods are agricultural

products and timber.

In the early days of kampungs in Singapore, bullocks with large forehumps and flapping dewlaps were a common sight and often reared.

They powered wheeled vehicles that moved up and down cart tracts that would later develop into proper roads. These large two-wheeled

vehicles pulled by a pair of bullocks were often hired as freight haulers. The freight included water, hay, coconuts, pineapples and simple

furniture when people moved.

Bullock carts were mostly owned by Tamils, and along with trams, buses, jinrickshaws and horse carriages, they formed the main modes

of transport in the early 19th century.Fittings done to the bullocks include placing a wooden platform with a sturdy tongue between the

parallel wheels of the cart to create space for passengers or freight. The driver holding a yoke hitched to the two bullocks on one hand and a

thin whip on the other was invariably an Indian with betel juice running from his lips. The ride on bullock carts was usually bumpy. It was a

common sight to see street urchins stealing a ride by holding on to bullock carts from behind which would cause the driver to flick these

intruders off with his whip angrily.

Bullock carts significantly contributed to the early economic development of Singapore as they were used to move goods at Boat Quay and

the Port. Domestic life was also relieved by bullock carts as they transported water drawn from wells in Ang Siang Hill to the people of

different ethnic groups in Chinatown. As the water carts plied the street, the water also helped to keep down dust raised by vehicles. At

construction sites, bullock carts were used to transport materials such as bricks. Bullock carts were also used in road repairing. A

modification of the vehicle, by attaching a lawn mower to the pair of bullocks instead of a cart and with a seat for a driver, allowed the lawn

at the racecourse in Farrer Park to be maintained by bullocks. Bullock carts that pulled a large metal roller attached to them were used to

level grass on the Padang.

Chinese bullock carts: two-wheelers drawn by water buffaloes with large palm leaves attached to them, were an equally common sight.

They not only carried passengers but also vats of soy sauce and all kinds of liquids to be sold to kampong residents. Water buffaloes could be

seen grazing on grassy countryside until the fifties when rising levels of road traffic put an end to the use of bullock carts on Singapore roads.

As with rickshaws and trishaws, bullock carts also began to dwindle with the introduction of mechanised transport in 1867.

The Langkawi Cable Car or Panorama Langkawi is a major attractions in Langkawi Island, Kedah, Malaysia. It provides an aerial link

from Burau Bay Resort at Teluk Burau to the peak of Gunung Mat Chinchang, the location of the Langkawi Sky Bridge. The total length is

2.2 km (1.4 miles). It was officially opened on 2003. Genting Skyway, located at the Kuala Kubu Bharu, Selangor side of Genting, Malaysia,

is a monocable gondola lift serving the Genting Highlands Resort. Its lower station is located near Gohtong Jaya, and its upper station is

located at Highlands Hotel of Genting Highlands Resort.It was officially opened in 1997 by the former prime minister of Malaysia, Mahathir

bin Mohammad.For safety reasons, it undergoes periodic maintenance checks. During the maintenance period, visitors to Genting Highlands

Resort use Awana Skyway, the earlier built cable car at Genting Highlands.

Robot functionality The robot was design to transport tourist to their destination. Make humankind work easier. The trishaw can carry maximum two tourists. The bullock cart can carry maximum six tourists. The trishaw and bullock cart can move fast or slow. The trishaw and bullock cart can turn left, right, forward and backward. The tourist take a ride in trishaw can hear the music they like. The umbrella in trishaw can spin. The movement of the robots can easily control by Bluetooth. The cable car can move forward and backward.

b) Uniqueness and interactive behaviour Controllable and programmable. Low cost of maintenance. Can work 24 hours non stop Save energy Environment friendly

c) Future planning

Future Planning

Trishaw :

Integrated GPS system Provided Wi-Fi system Netbook with tourist map

Bullock cart :

Integrated GPS system Provided Wi-Fi system Netbook with tourist map Provided cultural places and food restaurant in

Melaka.

Cable car :

Integrated GPS system Provided Wi-Fi system Netbook with tourist map

7. DESIGNING AND BUILDING PROCESS

a) Concept and implementation

The concept of our project is the cultural transport which is in accordance with our theme “Promote Tourism”. We searched the Internet for cultural transportation . We found out that in the historical city of Malacca, the famous cultural transportations are trishaw and bullock cart. During ancient times, these transportation were commonly used in transporting people from one place to another. Now, they are a very popular tourist attraction in Malacca. Using Lego instruments, we recreate the transport vehicles along with a few modifications.We use motors instead of real bicycle and bull for the movement of the robots. Besides that , motors are also used to steer the bull and the trishaw. The efficiency of these motors enables us to spin the umbrella in trishaw. We build cable car to promote tourists that in our country we have cable cars. Apart from that, we take this oppoturnity to show the tourists our country's beautiful places which can visited by everyone.

b) Brainstorming and solution to the problem

c) Picture of the project1. Trishaw

To improve cultural transport

Type of robot:

Transportation Save human energy Low cost of maintenance Can work 24 hours Controllable and programmable

Appearance:

Looks like real trishaw The cow in bullock cart is made up of 100%

lego component The trishaw’s bicycle is controlled using NXT The cable car looks like real

Problem statements:

To design the shape of bullock cart and the trishaw To design robot bicycle and robot bull that is easier to manoeuvre

To design the cart of the bullock similar to the original shape To hang the cable car on a cable

To design the shape of the cable car

Solution:

Replace the bull with the motor Decorate the robot bull and bicycle with

clothes to look alike to the real bull and bicycle The shape of the bicycle is replicated from the

Internet

2. Bullock cart3. Cable car

Trishaw

Bullock cart

Cable car

d) Final model and picture depicting different angel

1. Trishaw2. Bullock cart3. Cable car4. Stage

Trishaw

Bullock cart

Stage

Cable car

8. PROGRAMMING

1. Bullock Cart

* Controller NXT

* Bullock Cart NXT

2. Trishaw

* Controller NXT

* Trishaw NXT

3. Cable Car

There got two ultrasonic sensor at two sides of cable car. Each of them is plugged to port 4 and port 3 of NXT respectively. NXT will wait for the ultrasonic to detect 12 cm from a object, then it will move to the opposite way. Loop command is inserted to keep the NXT scan for distance.