fly respectfully webinar for professional and recreational ... · cyprus r czech rep. r denmark r...

Fly respectfully consider privacy

Fly safely follow flight safety rules

Fly responsibly be insured

Webinar for Professional and

Recreational Drone Users

Anna Donovan (Trilateral Research)

Jean Fournier (Global Aerospace)

Oliver Heinrich (BHO)

Ulrich Hoffman (Lufthansa Technik)

Tim Searle (SpaceTec Partners)

Peter van Blyenburgh (B&C)

Rob van Nieuwland (DARPAS)

• How to “Dial In” by phone

• Choose an option:

Audio Connection

• Website and Project overview

• Drone Laws in Europe for Professional Users

• Operator and Pilot Qualification

• Privacy and Data protection

• Insurance

• Drone association - DARPAS

This webinar will take place over 1h 45m period with each section taking approximately 15 mins and followed by a short Q&A section where viewers will have the opportunity to ask the presenter questions.

05/12/2017 3

Content and Process

Asking a question

• All questions can be written and will be answered

at the end of each section of the presentation

• To ask a question, please write in the chat box (bottom

right of your screen and ensure that it is sent to

“everyone” or “presenter”

Project

• Create a comprehensive online presence to create THE reference resource in Europe for

RPAS rules and regulations and related matters.

• Facilitating access to the European market for operators intending to use RPAS in their

home country, or in other EU countries,

• While raising awareness on the underlying regulatory and legal aspects with the general

public, hobbyists, etc.

• The project will also showcase opportunities for economic and job growth that RPAS

represent for entrepreneurs and SMEs.

Consortium

• The consortium is compiled of a number of experts for the different thematic areas of

drones

Project Overview and Consortium


Fly safelyfollow flight safety rules

Fly responsiblybe insured

Dronerules.eu

7

The four pillars

Safety Privacy

Insurance

Regulation

• Insurance is a critical part of drones and drone legislation

• No affiliation or promotion to any particular provider

• Insurance Checklist (Recreational and Professional users)

-What to watch out for

-How to know if your insurance will cover your activities

• Insurance Decision Tree (Recreational and Professional users)

- A logical format to determine which type of insurance is necessary for pilots

8

Insurance

• Privacy Handbook

A complete overview of how

drone impact privacy

• Privacy Code of conduct

Do’s and don’ts for flying

• Privacy Case Studies

9

Privacy

• Safety Handbook

Covering all basic aspects of safety

• What do I have to do before operating a drone?

E-learning regarding rights and responsibilities

• Privacy Case Studies

Real life scenarios regarding privacy

05/12/2017 10

Dronerules.eu Safety

European Drone Legislation Profiles




Drone Laws in Europe

• Drones are generally considered aircraft

• When flying your drone, you participate in air traffic

• Make sure you behave accordingly

• Always fly at altitudes not interfering with other aircraft

• Always yield to other aircraft

• Ensure you always have control over your aircraft

• Maintain situational awareness at all times

• Never pilot a drone if under the influence of medicine, drugs or

alcohol or if you feel tired or nausea

Air law

Air law

• The many different national laws for drones fragment the

market and put high demands on pilots and operators

• The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) is

developing a uniform regime for drones regardless of

MTOM with its Notice for Proposed Amendment (NPA)

2017-5

• Adoption may happen from 2018 onwards with transition

phase of likely 2 years into national laws

05/12/2017Title of the presentation

Air law

• EASA approach:

– Risk-/operation-centric: The nature of the risk inherent

to the operation must be specifically addressed.

– Proportionate: Mitigation measures, implementation

costs and resources must be proportionate to the risk

they address

– Performance-based: Rules need to be technology

transparent, not mandate solution


Air law

• The classes are allocated to three main categories:

– Open category: Will cover most leisure operations and simple commercial applications within visual line of site (VLOS), not >120 m above ground level (AGL) – CE (Conformité Européene) will be required – there will be categories A1 (over people), A2 (close to people) to A3 (far away from people) with different requirements with sub-categories C0-C4

– Specific Category: Will allow complex operations in pre-defined scenarios also beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) – based on specific operation risk assessment (SORA) developed by JARUS to be further specified for operations scenarios

– Certified Category: For high risk operations similar to current manned aviation requirements


Air Law

• EASA divides open-cat drones into five classes - C0 to C4:

Class Maximum Take Off Mass

Maximum height of the operation

Main technical requirements Electronic ID,Geofencing

C0 < 250 g Limitation up to 50 m AGL; or compliance with Toy regulation

If equipped with a follow-me mode, distance between pilot and UAS may not exceed 50 m; or compliance with Toy regulation

C1 < 900 g and max speed of 18 m/s, or made from materials to ensure the energy in the event of an impact is < 80 J

Limitation up to 120 m AGL

If equipped with a follow-me mode, distance between pilot and UAS may not exceed 50 m

Electronic-ID, if equipped with an audio sensor or camera > 5 MP;

C2 < 4 kg Limitation up to 120 m AGL

Loss of data link management; Information about battery status;

Geofencing and Electronic-ID mandatory

C3 < 25 kg Limitation up to 120 m AGL

Loss of data link management; Information about battery status;

C4 < 25 kg




RPAS Legislation


RPAS Legislation

Austria R

Belgium R

Cyprus R

Czech Rep. R

Denmark R

Finland R

France R

Germany R

Ireland R

Italy R

Netherlands R

Norway R

Poland R

Spain R

Sweden R

Switzerland U

UK R

Bulgaria R

Croatia R

Estonia R

Greece R

Latvia R

Lithuania R

Luxembourg R

Malta U

Portugal R

Romania R

Slovak Rep. R

Slovenia R

Hungary U

Countries with National Drone Rules U or Regulation R

U Rules: Permits-to-Fly are granted by National Aviation Authority (NAA), based

on specific national rules or on a case-to-case exemption basis (in

countries where no national regulation exists).

Austria 198Belgium 200 EST

Cyprus 2Czech Rep. 24Denmark 575

Finland 33France 3000

Germany 750 EST

Ireland 30Italy 965

Netherlands 498

Norway 300Poland 2000

Spain 1800Sweden 224Switzerland 150 EST

UK 2450

Bulgaria 20 EST

Croatia 30 EST

Estonia 20 EST

Greece 30 EST

Latvia 20 EST

Lithuania 20 EST

Luxembourg 20 EST

Malta 20 EST

Portugal 40 EST

Romania 20 EST

Slovak Rep. 10 EST

Slovenia 20 EST

Hungary ?

13 469 Certificated Drone Operators

Certificated: Any form of recognition that a product, part or appliance, organisation or person complies with the

applicable requirements, including the provisions of a regulation and its implementing rules, as well

as the issuance of the relevant certificate attesting such compliance (EASA Basic Reg. Art. 3).

Operator: Person, organisation or enterprise engaged in, or offering to engage in,

an RPAS operation (ICAO).

EST: Estimated

Airc

raft

Lighter thanAir

Not Power DrivenFree Balloon

Captive Balloon

Power-Driven Airship

Heavier thanAir

Not Power DrivenGlider Tethered Glider

Kite

Power-Driven

(non-tethered &tethered)

Aeroplane

Landplane

Seaplane

Amphibian

RotorcraftGyroplane

Helicopter

Ornithopter (flapping wing)

Aircraft Types Involved DronesExist

Yellow Letters = Applicable to dronesModel Aircraft, Recreational Drones & Flying Toys

are also …. AIRCRAFT !!!

M

U

T

U

A

L

I

Z

A

T

I

O

N

Not State Flights Civil ProtectionIncl. Safety related Fire Fighters

National Mapping Agencies

State Flights CustomsSecurity related Police

Border GuardsCoast Guard

MilitaryGovernmental

Non-Governmental

Non-Military

General Aviation Corporate OperationsFlight Training / InstructionPleasure (private non-commercial)

Commercial Air Transport Scheduled Air Service(Transport of Persons & Freight) Non-scheduled Revenue Operations u

Non-Revenue Operations u

u

u

u

u

u

u

u

CommercialNon-Commercial

(incl. Corporate Operations)

Training / InstructionOther Miscellaneous

Aerial Work

u

u

u

u

N

O

N

M

I

L

I

T

A

R

Y

O

P

S

Model Aircraft u

Leisure Recreational Drones u

Flying Toys u

VLOSE-VLOSBLOSRLOSB-RLOS

VLOSE-VLOS

BLOSRLOS

B-RLOS

BLOSRLOS

B-RLOS

VLOS

VLOS = Visual Line-of-SightE-VLOS = Extended VLOSBLOS = Beyond Line-of-SightRLOS = Radio Line-of-SightB-RLOS = Beyond RLOS

Drone operations currently take place = u

Drone Usage

05/12/2017 23

- Duo (student instruction by licensed pilot)

- Solo (unaided student flight)

- Check (qualification verification of pilot

license holder)

Flight Training / Instruction (Private & Commercial)

Other Miscellaneous (Private & Commercial) - Test / Experimental- Demonstration- Ferry / Positioning- Air Show / Race

Commercial & Non-Commercial (Including Corporate Operations)1

2

3

Transport (Commercial & Non-Commercial) - Internal Loads- External Loads- Underslung Bulk- Persons

An aircraft operation in which an aircraft is used for specialized (flight) services such as agriculture, construction,photography, surveying, observation & patrol, search & rescue, aerial advertisement, etc.

(Chicago Convention, Annex 6 Part 1, Chapter 1.H9)

Professional Operations

Aerial Work

05/12/2017 24

Agriculture, Fishery, Forestry

Animal Deterrent, Civil Protection, Disaster

Management, Fire Fighting, Public Gatherings,

Critical Installations

Police, Border Guard, Coast Guard, Customs,

Game-Keeping, Judiciary

Aerial Photos, Audio-Visual, Advertising News Gathering & Broadcasting

Cinema & TV Industry

Construction & Real Estate

Environmental (Protection / Conservation)

Humanitarian Relief (incl. NGOs)

Maintenance

Insurance (Claim Investigations)

Miscellaneous - Demonstration

Mining & ExplorationResearch & Scientific

Public Safety

Public Security & Law Enforcement

Utility Companies (Public & Private)

Heritage & Historical Monument Mgmt

Miscellaneous - Ferry/Positioning

Policy Compliance & Legal Proof

Transport

Aerial Work - Market Sectors

Entertainment & Artistic Expression

Miscellaneous - Air Show/Racing

Remote Operations - Sensing

Remote Operations – Non-Sensing

05/12/2017 25

Advertising

Aerial Acrobatics &

Special Effects Aerial

Photography &

Film/Video Footage

Deterring

Dispensing

Exploration

Identification

Inspection

LocalizationManipulationMappingMeasuringMonitoringObservationPatrollingRelief FlightSearch & RescueSensingSky PaintingSky Writing

Special PurposeSpottingSprayingSurveillanceSurveyingTestingTrackingTransport – GoodsTransport - PersonsValidationWater Bombing

Aerial Work – Flight Mission Purposes

05/12/2017 26

Flight Mission Considerations

1 Mission Objective Defines:- Payload- Flight Parameters- Flight Location- Operation Manual- Possible Export Restrictions

2 Payload Conditions:- Possible Privacy Infringement Risks- Possible Data Protection Risks- Possible Export Restrictions

3 Flight Parameters & Flight Operation Location Define:

- Operational Category- Applicable Regional & Municipal Rules

4 Flight Parameters & Operation Location May Create:

- Privacy Concerns

5 Operational Category Conditions:- Applicable Rules & Regulation- Authorization(s) Required- Applicable Standards- Required Pilot & Personnel Skills- Operator Qualification- Operational Risk- Risk Assessment- Risk Mitigation

6 Operational Category Influences:- Insurance




Operator and Pilot

Qualification

• Qualification includes an understanding of possible risks

associated to the operations

• Currently, qualification requirements vary significantly

between European countries

• EASA regulations will require operators and pilots to have

competence according to the type of operation performed

• Competence can be achieved through different layers of

training:

28

Operator and Pilot Qualification

Self-study

Online

Classroom

• Elements for basic competence are e.g.:

– Regulations

– UAS categories and their operational limitations

– Air law & air space (no-UA zones)

– Security & Privacy

– Weather & emergency procedures

– Familiarisation with UA manuals

– Non-reckless behaviour (good airmanship)

– Etc.

• …and can be obtained through i.e. online training tool

05/12/2017 29

Operator and Pilot Qualification UAS ‚Open‘

Subcategories A1 & A3

• Certificate of Competence (CoC):

– Basic competence has to be demonstrated successfully

to competent authority through test (theoretical)

– Demonstrate degree of competence in performing as remote

pilot of a UA (practical)

– Understand safety risks & assess ground risks

– Understand how weather conditions affect UA performance

05/12/2017 30

Operator and Pilot Qualification UAS ‚Open‘

Subcategory A2

• Operators can obtain a

Light UAS Operator Certificate (LUC) in order to authorise

operations themselves

• An application lodged with national aviation authority

involves among others:

– Description of operator’s management system

– Description of organisational structure and safety management

system

– Names of responsible personnel & their competence

31


For „Specific“ Category

05/12/2017 32


Know how to fly

System understanding

Risk understanding Qualification




Privacy and Data Protection

• Respect: the link between drones and privacy

• What is privacy? Expectations in context

• What is data protection?


Private life

Family life

Home

Communications

Personal data Legal requirementsDomestic and household exemption

Data Protection Directive +

national laws

After May 2018: General Data

Protection Regulation


Privacy will help you determine where you can

use your drone, where you can record and what

information you can collect.

.

Data protection will guide you with concrete

steps on how to handle any personal data you

have collected (or plan to collect).

Privacy - How to protect it?

Don’t

• Capture people in secluded or private locations.

• Target people or record them for continuous periods of time.

• Operate your drone near a religious, political, healthcare building, etc, without safeguards.

• Operate in an invisible and unaccountable manner.

Do

• Contact, inform and ask people before capturing them

• Think of what is appropriate in each context, how private is it?

37

Data Protection – Some guidance

• Who you are

• What data and why

• What you will do with the data

• Consent or another good reason

Plan and inform

• Data collected: latitude, area

• Storage time

• Unauthorised access

• Anonymise

Minimiseimpact

• Follow people’s wishes when their data is concerned

Listen




Insurance

Drone insurance covers two aspects:

• Damage to the drone your fly: this is a first party insurance (also called hull insurance)

– It is up to you to purchase it or not

• Damage you could cause to third parties when you flyyour drone: this is covered by liability insurance

– EU regulation 785/2004 requests aircraft operators to purchase liability insurance; it applies to drones operators in the EU

– Model aircraft with an MTOM of less than 20 kg are exempted >> this should be construed as limited to drones flown according to Model Flying clubs or association rules

– Up to a maximum take-off mass (MTOM) of 500kg, minimum coverage of 750 000 SDR (i.e. 0.89 MEUR) for third parties

05/12/2017 39

Insurance

If you are a recreational user (i.e. the drone is used only forsport and leisure activities)

• Ask your General Liability or Homeowner insurer if you are or could be covered:– This could be possible if you fly light aircraft (take-off mass below

25kg), within visual line of sight, away from cities and crowds and keepit below 500 ft above ground

– Otherwise, contact an aviation insurer either directly or via a broker

• Double check the scope of cover and the exclusions of yourinsurance policy

• In case of doubt, ask your insurer, its agent or your insurancebroker; request a written confirmation of their answer

05/12/2017 40

Insurance

If you are a professional user (i.e. the drone is used for business,

irrespective of whether it generates revenues or not)

• Ask your General Liability insurer if you are or could be covered:

– This could be possible if you fly light aircraft (take-off mass below 25kg),

within visual line of sight, away from cities and crowds and keep it below 500

ft above ground

– Otherwise, contact an aviation insurer either directly or via a broker

• Declare all your activities

• Double check the scope of cover and the exclusions of your

insurance policy

• Make sure that the limit of liability proposed by

the insurer is sufficient (1 million EUR might

not be enough!)

05/12/2017

Insurance

When you are done:

• Ask for an insurance certificate evidencing coverage for

drone operations

– Read carefully your insurance policy to make sure that you are

covered as you expected

• Fly responsibly

– Respect the regulations and local rules

– Protect people and third party’s properties

• In case of an accident, assist victims and subsequently

inform your insurer

• Should you have a dispute with your insurer,

contact your local ombudsman

05/12/2017 42

Insurance

In conclusion, first and foremost, beyond any rule that may

exist, remember that you might cause damage to third

parties when you fly your drone

Therefore…

Act responsibly, and make sure in all circumstances

You are insured

before you fly!

05/12/2017 43

Insurance




DARPASRob van Nieuwland

DARPAS: Dutch Association for Remotely Piloted Aircraft

Systems

For professionals only (exists for 5 years!).

• The Dutch situation

• What do associations do for you

• Co-ordinating UVS International

• Use cases: uncompliant use & improve safety

05/12/2017 45

DARPAS

The Dutch situation: To fly professionally you need a

ROC or ROC-Light

Education: ground school light theory

Practical: yes none

Medical check: yes none

Insurance: yes yes

Airworthiness a/c: yes none

A/C weight: 1- 150 kg 1- 4 kg

Restrictions: 120m alt. 500m range 50m alt. 100m range

Today: 50 ROC companies 448 ROC-Light

registered

05/12/2017 46

DARPAS

What associations do for you.

Give the drone community a “face”

Press, the community, politicians want to speak with the new group

Representation at formal meetings with the government

Talk about what goes well and what goes wrongTry to adapt the rules when needed

Exchange verified information amongst members

There are many self-declared experts to ignore

Offer reductions

Collective insurance & reduction of entrance fees at conferences

05/12/2017 47

DARPAS

05/12/2017 48

DARPAS

International RPAS Coordination Council

• Coordinates between the national associations

• Represents the small and medium enterprises at

– EU-parliament

– EASA

– ICAO

– JARUS

– …

• Organises conferences to exchange the knowledge

05/12/2017 49

DARPAS

• The biggest frustration: non-compliant commercial drone use

• Need to work with government to:

– Increase changes to catch them

– Increase the fine

– Make some media noise about a catch, to scare off others

– Educate the commissioner of a drone job.

• Otherwise they ruin the compliant professional market.

• Probably we need more falcons against non-compliant drone use: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kAYVyj6vf3Y

05/12/2017 50

DARPAS

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kAYVyj6vf3Y

To improve safety with the professional use of drones

• Use the learning cycle:

Report your incidents - Evaluate - Learn all

• Good airmanship goes with a just culture

Stand strong, be a member!

05/12/2017 51

DARPAS




Question and Answers

fly respectfully webinar for professional and recreational ... · cyprus r czech rep. r denmark r...

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