flow from a faucet, flushing a service line, 90 th percentile lead and copper rule, copper sulfate...

Flow From a Faucet, Flushing a Service Line, 90th Percentile Lead and Copper Rule, Copper Sulfate Application Rates in Waterworks

Operation

Flow From a Faucet, Flushing a Service Line, 90th Percentile Lead and Copper Rule, Copper Sulfate Application Rates in Waterworks

OperationMath for Water Technology

MTH 082

Lecture Chapter 8&15- Applied Math for Water Plant Operators Water Sources and Storage (Chapter 8 pg 190-191)

Laboratory Ch 15 (pg 404-407); Hydraulics Chapter 7 Flow Rate- Basic science Concepts and

Applications (pg 311-319)

Math for Water TechnologyMTH 082

Lecture Chapter 8&15- Applied Math for Water Plant Operators Water Sources and Storage (Chapter 8 pg 190-191)

Laboratory Ch 15 (pg 404-407); Hydraulics Chapter 7 Flow Rate- Basic science Concepts and

Applications (pg 311-319)

ObjectivesObjectives

1. Flow from a faucet

2. Flushing a service line

3. 90th percentile Lead and Copper

4. Copper Sulfate Application

1. Flow from a faucet

2. Flushing a service line

3. 90th percentile Lead and Copper

4. Copper Sulfate Application

Reading assignment: Chapter 8&15- Applied Math for Water Plant Operators Water Sources and Storage (Chapter 8 pg 190-191) Laboratory Ch 15 (pg 404-407); Hydraulics Chapter 7 Flow Rate- Basic science Concepts and Applications (pg 311-319)

Reading assignment: Chapter 8&15- Applied Math for Water Plant Operators Water Sources and Storage (Chapter 8 pg 190-191) Laboratory Ch 15 (pg 404-407); Hydraulics Chapter 7 Flow Rate- Basic science Concepts and Applications (pg 311-319)

Conventional Treatment Conventional Treatment • Conventional Treatment – Where are these calculations applied in the big picture?• Conventional Treatment – Where are these calculations applied in the big picture?

2. Flocculation2. Flocculation

3. Sedimentation3. Sedimentation

4. Filtration4. Filtration1. Coagulation1. Coagulation

PretreatmentPretreatment

Raw WaterRaw Water

Rapid or flash Mixing

Alum, polymer

Rapid or flash Mixing

Alum, polymer

SlowSlowFastFast

SludgeSludgeWashwaterWashwater

5. Clear Well Disinfection5. Clear Well Disinfection

DistributionDistribution

ClearwellBackwash

pumps

ClearwellBackwash

pumps

ChlorinationOzone

UV

ChlorinationOzone

UV

Copper Sulfate Application

Faucet and Flushing

90th Percentile Lead and Copper

Flow From a FaucetFlow From a FaucetFor small water systems: Record time it

takes to fill a one gallon bucket

Flow, gpm= Volume (gal)

Time (min)

Ideal flow rate is 0.5 gpm!

For small water systems: Record time it takes to fill a one gallon bucket

Flow, gpm= Volume (gal)

Time (min)

Ideal flow rate is 0.5 gpm!

0.5 gallons0.5 gallons

The flow from a faucet filled up a 1 gallon container in 45 seconds. What was the

gpm flow rate from the faucet?



0.0

2 gpm

0.7

5 gpm

1.3

gpm

270

0 gpm

7%0%

93%

0%

sec= 45 seconds = 45 sec/60sec/min=0.75 min

Flow, gpm= Volume (gal) Time (min) Flow, gpm = Vol (gal)

0.75 (min)

Flow, gpm = 1 (gal)0.75 (min)

Flow, gpm= 1.3 gpm



0.75 (min)


Flow, gpm= 1.3 gpm

Given

Formula

Solve:

Given

Formula

Solve:

1. 0.02 gpm

2. 0.75 gpm

3. 1.3 gpm

4. 2700 gpm

1. 0.02 gpm

2. 0.75 gpm

3. 1.3 gpm

4. 2700 gpm





1.1

gpm

0.0

2 gpm

1.9

gpm

320

0 gpm

100%

0%0%0%



0.87 (min)


Flow, gpm= 1.1 gpm



0.87 (min)


Flow, gpm= 1.1 gpm

Given

Formula

Solve:

Given

Formula

Solve:

1. 1.1 gpm

2. 0.02 gpm

3. 1.9 gpm

4. 3200 gpm

1. 1.1 gpm

2. 0.02 gpm

3. 1.9 gpm

4. 3200 gpm

The flow from a faucet filled up a 1 gallon container in 1 minute 12 seconds. What was the gpm flow rate from the faucet?

The flow from a faucet filled up a 1 gallon container in 1 minute 12 seconds. What was the gpm flow rate from the faucet?

1.2

gpm

1.1

2 gpm

0.9

gpm

0.8

gpm

0%

100%

0%0%

sec= 12 seconds = 12 sec/60sec/min=0.2 min1 minute + 0.2 min = 1.2 minutes


1.2 (min)


Flow, gpm= 0.8 gpm

sec= 12 seconds = 12 sec/60sec/min=0.2 min1 minute + 0.2 min = 1.2 minutes


1.2 (min)


Flow, gpm= 0.8 gpm

Given

Formula

Solve:

Given

Formula

Solve:

1. 1.2 gpm

2. 1.12 gpm

3. 0.9 gpm

4. 0.8 gpm

1. 1.2 gpm

2. 1.12 gpm

3. 0.9 gpm

4. 0.8 gpm

At a flow rate of 1.2 gpm, how long (minutes) should it take to fill a one

gallon container?

At a flow rate of 1.2 gpm, how long (minutes) should it take to fill a one

gallon container?

1.2

min

1.8

min

1.2

min

0.8

min

8%

92%

0%0%

Flow = 1.2 gpm

Flow, gpm= Volume (gal) Time (min) 1.2 gpm = 1 (gal)

X (min)

1.2 gpm (x min) = 1 (gal)

Min X = 1 gal 1.2 gpm X= 0.8 min

Flow = 1.2 gpm

Flow, gpm= Volume (gal) Time (min) 1.2 gpm = 1 (gal)

X (min)

1.2 gpm (x min) = 1 (gal)

Min X = 1 gal 1.2 gpm X= 0.8 min

Given

Formula

Solve:

Given

Formula

Solve:

1. 1.2 min

2. 1.8 min

3. 1.2 min

4. 0.8 min

1. 1.2 min

2. 1.8 min

3. 1.2 min

4. 0.8 min

Flushing a LineFlushing a LineFlushing is considered adequate when the water in the

service line has been replaced twice!

Volume= 0.785 (D)(D)(L)Conversion= (7.48 gal/ft3)

Flow time, min= Pipe Volume (gal) (2) Flow Rate, gpm

Flow time, min = 0.785 (D)(D)(L) (7.48 gal/ft3) (2) Flow Rate, gpm

Don’t forget its twice the line!

Flushing is considered adequate when the water in the

service line has been replaced twice!

Volume= 0.785 (D)(D)(L)Conversion= (7.48 gal/ft3)

Flow time, min= Pipe Volume (gal) (2) Flow Rate, gpm

Flow time, min = 0.785 (D)(D)(L) (7.48 gal/ft3) (2) Flow Rate, gpm

Don’t forget its twice the line!

2 X2 X

How long (minutes) will it take to flush a 50 ft length of ¾ inch diameter service line if

the flow through the line is 0.5 gpm?



1.4

min

2.1

1 m

in

4.2

min

1.8

min

0% 0%

80%

20%

D= ¾ inch (1ft/12 inch) =0.06 ft; L= 50 ft; Rate=0.5 gpmA=0.785 (D)(D)(L)(7.48 gal/ft3)Flow time, min= Pipe Volume (gal) (2) Flow Rate, gpm D= 0.75 in/12in/1ft=0.06 ft

Flow= 0.785 (0.06 ft)(0.06 ft)(50 ft)(7.48 gal/ft3)(2) 0.5 gpm

Flow = 4.2 min

D= ¾ inch (1ft/12 inch) =0.06 ft; L= 50 ft; Rate=0.5 gpmA=0.785 (D)(D)(L)(7.48 gal/ft3)Flow time, min= Pipe Volume (gal) (2) Flow Rate, gpm D= 0.75 in/12in/1ft=0.06 ft


Flow = 4.2 min

Given

Formula

Solve:

Given

Formula

Solve:

1. 1.4 min

2. 2.11 min

3. 4.2 min

4. 1.8 min

1. 1.4 min

2. 2.11 min

3. 4.2 min

4. 1.8 min





7.0

min

2.4

min

1.2

min

40.

2 m

in

6%0%0%

94%

D= ¾ inch, (1ft/12 inch) =0.06 ft;L= 40 ft; Rate=0.7 gpmA=0.785 (D)(D)(L)(7.48 gal/ft3)Flow time, min= Pipe Volume (gal) (2) Flow Rate, gpm D= 0.75 in/12in/1ft=0.06 ft


Flow = 2.4 min

D= ¾ inch, (1ft/12 inch) =0.06 ft;L= 40 ft; Rate=0.7 gpmA=0.785 (D)(D)(L)(7.48 gal/ft3)Flow time, min= Pipe Volume (gal) (2) Flow Rate, gpm D= 0.75 in/12in/1ft=0.06 ft


Flow = 2.4 min

Given

Formula

Solve:

Given

Formula

Solve:

1. 7.0 min

2. 2.4 min

3. 1.2 min

4. 40.2 min

1. 7.0 min

2. 2.4 min

3. 1.2 min

4. 40.2 min

At a flow rate of 0.5 gpm, how long (in minutes and seconds) will it take to flush

a 65 ft length ¾ inch diameter service?

At a flow rate of 0.5 gpm, how long (in minutes and seconds) will it take to flush

a 65 ft length ¾ inch diameter service?

2 m

in, 7

4 se

c

5 m

in, 5

sec

on...

91

min

, 60

sec

5 m

in, 3

0 se

co...

0%

92%

0%8%

D= ¾ inch, (1ft/12 inch) =0.06 ft;L= 65ft; Rate=0.5 gpmA=0.785 (D)(D)(L)(7.48 gal/ft3)Flow time, min= Pipe Volume (gal) (2) Flow Rate, gpm D= 0.75 in/12in/1ft=0.06 ft


Flow = 5.5 min or 5 min and 30 sec

D= ¾ inch, (1ft/12 inch) =0.06 ft;L= 65ft; Rate=0.5 gpmA=0.785 (D)(D)(L)(7.48 gal/ft3)Flow time, min= Pipe Volume (gal) (2) Flow Rate, gpm D= 0.75 in/12in/1ft=0.06 ft


Flow = 5.5 min or 5 min and 30 sec

Given

Formula

Solve:

Given

Formula

Solve:

1. 2 min, 74 sec

2. 5 min, 5 seconds

3. 91 min, 60 sec

4. 5 min, 30 seconds

1. 2 min, 74 sec

2. 5 min, 5 seconds

3. 91 min, 60 sec

4. 5 min, 30 seconds

LeadLead0.015 mg/L is the Action Limit

MCLG = 0 mg/LHealth EffectDelays in physical or mental development

Children could show slight deficits in attention span and learning abilities

SourceCorrosion of household plumbing systems

Erosion of natural deposits

Household dust containing lead from lead-based paint

0.015 mg/L is the Action Limit

MCLG = 0 mg/LHealth EffectDelays in physical or mental development

Children could show slight deficits in attention span and learning abilities

SourceCorrosion of household plumbing systems


Household dust containing lead from lead-based paint

What are the MCLG and Action level for lead in drinking water?What are the MCLG and Action level for lead in drinking water?

15

ppb a

nd 15

...

0 a

nd 1

5 ppb

15

ppb a

nd 50

...

10

ppb a

nd 50

...

0% 0%0%

100%

1. 15 ppb and 15 ppb

2. 0 and 15 ppb




2. 0 and 15 ppb



The Lead and Copper Rule addresses which of the

following items:

The Lead and Copper Rule addresses which of the

following items:

Req

uire

s w

ater

...

Est

ablis

hes

re...

Det

erm

ines

act

...

Est

ablis

hes

a ...

2, 3

and 4

0% 0%

86%

0%

14%

1. Requires water suppliers to use only lead pipes for water distribution

2. Establishes requirements for lead pipe replacement

3. Determines action levels for lead and copper in drinking water

4. Establishes a treatment technique including corrosion control

5. 2, 3 and 4

1. Requires water suppliers to use only lead pipes for water distribution

2. Establishes requirements for lead pipe replacement

3. Determines action levels for lead and copper in drinking water

4. Establishes a treatment technique including corrosion control

5. 2, 3 and 4

A system will be required to replace service lines made of lead (Pb) after what series of events - check all that apply.

A system will be required to replace service lines made of lead (Pb) after what series of events - check all that apply.

Sys

tem

fails

t...

Sys

tem

fails

t...

Sys

tem

s th

at f.

..

Sys

tem

s th

at h

...

1 a

nd 2

Only

0%7%

93%

0%0%

1. System fails to meet the lead action level in tap samples after installing corrosion control.

2. System fails to meet the lead action level in tap samples after source water treatment.

3. Systems that fail to monitor for lead on a monthly basis.

4. Systems that have budgeted for service line replacement.

5. 1 and 2 Only

1. System fails to meet the lead action level in tap samples after installing corrosion control.

2. System fails to meet the lead action level in tap samples after source water treatment.

3. Systems that fail to monitor for lead on a monthly basis.

4. Systems that have budgeted for service line replacement.

5. 1 and 2 Only

Which of the following are potential problems associated

with lead exposure in children?

Which of the following are potential problems associated

with lead exposure in children?

Bra

in d

amag

e a.

..

Beh

avio

r and l.

..

Ach

es o

r pai

ns...

All

of the

abo...

0%

80%

0%

20%

1. Brain damage and lower intelligence

2. Behavior and learning problems

3. Aches or pains in stomach

4. All of the above

1. Brain damage and lower intelligence

2. Behavior and learning problems

3. Aches or pains in stomach

4. All of the above

A component of the 1986 SDWA amendments was to “GET THE

LEAD OUT”?

A component of the 1986 SDWA amendments was to “GET THE

LEAD OUT”?

Tru

e

Fal

se

0%

100%

1. True

2. False

1. True

2. False

What are some of the health effects of short term exposure to

lead?

What are some of the health effects of short term exposure to

lead?

Cau

ses

exce

ssi..

.

Del

ays

in p

hys...

Cau

ses

kidney

...

Ther

e ar

e no

s...

0%

31%

0%

69%1. Causes excessively brittle bones

2. Delays in physical and mental development in babies and children

3. Causes kidney disease

4. There are no short term health effects

1. Causes excessively brittle bones

2. Delays in physical and mental development in babies and children

3. Causes kidney disease

4. There are no short term health effects

According to the Lead and Copper Rule, the action for the 90th

percentile lead level is:

According to the Lead and Copper Rule, the action for the 90th

percentile lead level is:

1. 0

.005

mg/l

2. 0

.015

mg/l

3. 0

.030

mg/l

4. 0

.050

mg/l

0% 0%0%

100%

1. 0.005 mg/l

2. 0.015 mg/l

3. 0.030 mg/l

4. 0.050 mg/l

1. 0.005 mg/l

2. 0.015 mg/l

3. 0.030 mg/l

4. 0.050 mg/l

CopperCopper1.3 mg/L is the MCL

Health EffectCopper is an essential nutrient, required by the body in very small amounts.

Short periods of exposure can cause gastrointestinal disturbance, including nausea and vomiting.

Long periods of exposure liver or kidney damage

SourceCorrosion of copper plumbing


Copper mining and smelting operations

1.3 mg/L is the MCL

Health EffectCopper is an essential nutrient, required by the body in very small amounts.

Short periods of exposure can cause gastrointestinal disturbance, including nausea and vomiting.

Long periods of exposure liver or kidney damage

SourceCorrosion of copper plumbing


Copper mining and smelting operations

90th percentile Lead and Copper90th percentile Lead and CopperThe action level for lead is 0.015 mg/L and 1.3 mg/L copper?

Given the following data for lead concentrations find the 90th percentile and determine if the utility has to proceed with a corrosion control program:

0.023 mg/L 0.018 mg/L 0.004 mg/L 0.019 mg/L 0.013 mg/L0.006 mg/L 0.007 mg/L 0.026 mg/L 0.010 mg/L 0.006 mg/L

The action level for lead is 0.015 mg/L and 1.3 mg/L copper?

Given the following data for lead concentrations find the 90th percentile and determine if the utility has to proceed with a corrosion control program:


90th percentile Lead and Copper90th percentile Lead and Copper

Line em up from largest at the top to smallest at the bottom.The action level for lead is 0.015 mg/LLine em up from largest at the top to smallest at the bottom.The action level for lead is 0.015 mg/L

0.026 mg/L0.023 mg/L 0.019 mg/L 0.018 mg/L 0.013 mg/L0.010 mg/L0.007 mg/L 0.006 mg/L0.006 mg/L0.004 mg/L

0.026 mg/L0.023 mg/L 0.019 mg/L 0.018 mg/L 0.013 mg/L0.010 mg/L0.007 mg/L 0.006 mg/L0.006 mg/L0.004 mg/L

90th percentile is 0.023 mg/L

So it exceeds the Action Limit of 0.015 mg/L

Corrosion control needed!!


So it exceeds the Action Limit of 0.015 mg/L

Corrosion control needed!!

90th percentile Lead and Copper90th percentile Lead and CopperThe action level for lead is 0.015 mg/L and 1.3 mg/L copper?

Given the following data for copper concentrations find the 90th percentile and determine if the utility has to proceed with a corrosion control program:


The action level for lead is 0.015 mg/L and 1.3 mg/L copper?

Given the following data for copper concentrations find the 90th percentile and determine if the utility has to proceed with a corrosion control program:


90th percentile Lead and Copper90th percentile Lead and Copper

Line em up from largest at the top to smallest at the bottom.The action level for copper is 1.3 mg/L


So it is less then the Action Limit of 1.3 mg/L

No corrosion control needed!


So it is less then the Action Limit of 1.3 mg/L

No corrosion control needed!

1.023 mg/L 1.018 mg/L0.92 mg/L0.87 mg/L0.85 mg/L0.83 mg/L0.82 mg/L0.80 mg/L 0.79 mg/L0.78 mg/L

1.023 mg/L 1.018 mg/L0.92 mg/L0.87 mg/L0.85 mg/L0.83 mg/L0.82 mg/L0.80 mg/L 0.79 mg/L0.78 mg/L

Copper Sulfate ApplicationCopper Sulfate ApplicationCopper Sulfate pentahydrate (spray or drag a bag): CuSO4 * 5H2O

For algae control in a small lake, a dosage of 0.5 mg/L copper is desired.

Copper Sulfate, lbs= (mg/L Cu)(vol, MG)(8.34 lb/gal) % available Cu

100Desired Dose= Actual Dose5.4 lbs CuSO4/1 ac = x lbs CUSO4/ Actual area, ac

Copper Sulfate pentahydrate (spray or drag a bag): CuSO4 * 5H2O

For algae control in a small lake, a dosage of 0.5 mg/L copper is desired.

Copper Sulfate, lbs= (mg/L Cu)(vol, MG)(8.34 lb/gal) % available Cu

100Desired Dose= Actual Dose5.4 lbs CuSO4/1 ac = x lbs CUSO4/ Actual area, ac

For algae control in a small lake, a dosage of 0.5 mg/L copper is desired. The lake has a volume of

20 MG. How many lbs of copper sulfate pentahydrate will be required? (Copper sulfate pentahydrate contains 25% available copper?)

For algae control in a small lake, a dosage of 0.5 mg/L copper is desired. The lake has a volume of

20 MG. How many lbs of copper sulfate pentahydrate will be required? (Copper sulfate pentahydrate contains 25% available copper?)

83.

4 lb

s

40

lbs

334

lbs

42

lbs

0% 0%

100%

0%

Mg/L= 0.5; V=20 MG, 25% or 25/100 or .25% CuCopper Sulfate, lbs= (mg/L Cu)(vol, MG)(8.34 lb/gal) % available Cu

100Copper Sulfate, lbs= (0.5 mg/L Cu)(20 MG)(8.34 lb/gal) 25 % available Cu

100Copper Sulfate, lbs= 334 lbs CUSO4

Mg/L= 0.5; V=20 MG, 25% or 25/100 or .25% CuCopper Sulfate, lbs= (mg/L Cu)(vol, MG)(8.34 lb/gal) % available Cu

100Copper Sulfate, lbs= (0.5 mg/L Cu)(20 MG)(8.34 lb/gal) 25 % available Cu

100Copper Sulfate, lbs= 334 lbs CUSO4

Given

Formula

Solve:

Given

Formula

Solve:

1. 83.4 lbs

2. 40 lbs

3. 334 lbs

4. 42 lbs

1. 83.4 lbs

2. 40 lbs

3. 334 lbs

4. 42 lbs

Lake Oswego has a surface area of 415 acres. If the desired copper sulfate dose is 5.4 lbs/ac, how

many lbs of copper sulfate are required?

Lake Oswego has a surface area of 415 acres. If the desired copper sulfate dose is 5.4 lbs/ac, how

many lbs of copper sulfate are required?

560

.25

lbs

.013

lbs

224

1 lb

s

2 lb

s

0% 0%

86%

14%

Desired 5.4 lbs/acre, Area 415 acres, Actual?Desired Dose= Actual Dose5.4 lbs CuSO4 = x lbs CUSO4

1 ac Actual area, ac 5.4 lbs CuSO4 = x lbs CUSO4

1 ac 415 ac 2241 lbs CuSO4

Desired 5.4 lbs/acre, Area 415 acres, Actual?Desired Dose= Actual Dose5.4 lbs CuSO4 = x lbs CUSO4

1 ac Actual area, ac 5.4 lbs CuSO4 = x lbs CUSO4

1 ac 415 ac 2241 lbs CuSO4

Given

Formula

Solve:

Given

Formula

Solve:

1. 560.25 lbs

2. .013 lbs

3. 2241 lbs

4. 2 lbs

1. 560.25 lbs

2. .013 lbs

3. 2241 lbs

4. 2 lbs

Today’s objective: Flow From a Faucet, Flushing a Service Line, 90th

Percentile Lead and Copper Rule, Copper Sulfate Application Rates in

Waterworks Operation has been met?

Today’s objective: Flow From a Faucet, Flushing a Service Line, 90th

Percentile Lead and Copper Rule, Copper Sulfate Application Rates in

Waterworks Operation has been met?

Stro

ngly A

gree

Agre

e

Neu

tral

Dis

agre

e

Stro

ngly D

isag

ree

75%

25%

0%0%0%

1. Strongly Agree

2. Agree

3. Neutral

4. Disagree

5. Strongly Disagree

1. Strongly Agree

2. Agree

3. Neutral

4. Disagree

5. Strongly Disagree

flow from a faucet, flushing a service line, 90 th percentile lead and copper rule, copper sulfate...

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