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TRANSCRIPT
Q U A N T ASERVICES
National Conference
of State LegislaturesThe Forum for America’s Ideas
National Association of
Regulatory Utility Commissioners
April 2011
November 2007
BGEJanuary 4, 2008
Quanta Technology Advancing the Grid
Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) Technology - Application
Cases
Dr. Aty EdrisSr. Director and Executive Advisor
SERVICES
Global Reach Global Reach -- National Presence!National Presence!
Page 2
Quanta Technology HQ
Quanta Technology Offices
Quanta Presence
Quanta Technology Projects
P = V 1 V 2 s i n ( δδδδ 1 - δδδδ 2 )1
X
V 1 δδδδ 1 V 2 δδδδ 2P
T r a n s m is s i o n L i n e X
Power Flow Equation
3Edris
Thyristor
Gate Turn-Off
Shunt Reactive Power Compensation-Response Speed
MSC / MSR
Mechanical SwitchedCapacitors / Reactors
Switchgear
Capacitors
STATCOM
Static Synchronous Compensator
GTO/IGBT Valves
Control & Protection
SVC
Static Var Compensator
Thyristor Valve(s)
Control & Protection
Breaker delay 2-3 Cycles 1-2 Cycles
Thyristor-based Converter-basedBreaker-based
~
50 ���� MVAr ���� 500
Reactors
Capacitors
~
50 ���� MVAr ���� 800
Control & Protection
Transformer
DC Capacitors
~
50 ���� MVAr ���� 800
Reactors
Control & Protection
Transformer
Capacitors
Tyristor-based versus Converter-based ControllerCost Structure
Higher Cost
Better PerformanceVersatile Functionality
Lower CostLimited Performance
Single Functionality
(25%)
5
Converter-
Based
Thyristor-
Based
$ $ $ $
$ $ $ $ $
Cost Breakdown
2050
Low Cost
High Power Switch
??
Converter-based Controllers
Smarter (Converter-Based Technology)
•Superior performance
•Versatile functionality
Smarter Power Electronics-based
Dynamic Voltage Support
Thyristor switched and/orcontrolled capacitors/reactors
Smart (Thyristor-Based Technology)
•Smaller footprint
•Limited performance
•Limited functionality
•Large footprint
Power Electronics-Based TransmissionController -- Real Estate
Converter-Based Technology
(STATCOM)
Thyristor-Based Technology(SVC)
30%- 40% Smaller
Converter-Based Technology ProvidesFast and Transient Free V and Q Control
M
50 Mvar Inductive
50 Mvar Capacitive
M
Voltage Control
Voltage Fluctuation
0.2kV
With STATCOM6 hrs
Vo
Voltage source
converter with
controlled
output voltage
Transmission line
L
V0
ITransformer
inductance
Voltage
SourcedVoltage
sourced
Transformer
inductance
VL
V0
Transmission line
I
Voltage-Sourced Converter“A Building Block for New Transmission Controllers”
Gate Turn Off Switch
Two-Level Switching
Edris
If V L=V 0, I = 0
If V L<V 0, I = capacitive
If V L>V 0, I = inductive
Vd c
DC
capacitor
Sourced
Invertersourced
inverter
DC
capacitor
Vd c
Pulse-Width Modulation
Three-Level Switching
Gate Turn Off Switch
GTO, GCT, IGBT
Voltage-Sourced Converter“A Building Block for New Transmission Controllers”
Edris
Relieving Major Transmission Bottleneck
LV1
CoopersCorners
line
LV2
BR11
TR-SE1
MOD-1 CS-1 MOD-2 CS-2 MOD-3 MOD-4 MOD-5 MOD-6
Marcy Bus
TR-SH
New
Scotland
line BR12
TR-SE2
Example of Field Application of Converter-Based TechnologyThe Convertible Static Compensator installed at NYPA’s Marcy substation
ThyristorBypass #2
M
M
SWDC1
M
M
Thyristor
Bypass #1
M M M
Transmission bottleneckat Marcy Substation
2x 100 MVA ConvertibleStatic Compensator-a smart solution
NYPA’s Marcy Convertible Static Compensator
“Smart Technology” Relieving Transmission Bottlenecks
Relief of major transmission bottleneck
Strong dynamic voltage support at Marcy has resulted in
increase of transmission capacity increase of transmission capacity by about 200 MW, approximately enough power for about 200,000 homes.
Introduction of unprecedented “Smart” controllability and flexibility in transmission grids
Example of Applied Converter-Based Technology Increased Power Transfer Capability and Improved Voltage Quality
To Tri-StateTo Tri-State
Baker 345 kVBaker 345 kV
Big SandyBig Sandy
138 kV138 kVLoganLogan
To 765 kVTo 765 kV2 x 160 MVA Inez UPFC
138 kV
SHUNTSPARE
14
InezInez
BeaverBeaver
CreekCreek
Clinch RiverClinch River
& TVA& TVAJohn’sJohn’s
CreekCreekSpriggSprigg
SVCSVC
UPFCUPFC
SeriesSeries
UPFCUPFC
ShuntShuntINVERTER 1 INVERTER 2
INTERMEDIATE
TRANSFORMER
INTERMEDIATE
TRANSFORMER
SHUNTTFMR
SPARESHUNT
TFMR
SERIES
TFMR
2000 MW
Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC):Improves Quality and Efficiency of Power Delivery
Increase of power transfer capability by 100 MWUPFC Frees up transmission capacity for years of load growth on AEP’s transmission system.Reduction of real power losses by more than 24 MW, which is equivalent to a reduction of CO2 emissions by about 85,000 ton/year.
15
85,000 ton/year.
Asherton
138 kV
Hamilton
Road
New BtB tie Technology
Interconnecting the US Grid to the Mexican Grid
16
To Mexico
Eagle Pass
Distribution
Network
Reliable Power Delivery with Unprecedented Control Flexibility
B a c k - t o - B a c k A s y n c h r o n o u s /S y n c h r o n o u s T ie
System 1
V1
System 2
+ +
- -
12P
V2
B a c k - t o - B a c k A s y n c h r o n o u s /S y n c h r o n o u s T ie
System 1
V1
System 2
+ +
- -
12P
V2
USMexico
VSC Back-to-Back Concept
HVDC Light/HVDC Plus Technology
B a c k - t o - B a c k A s y n c h r o n o u s /S y n c h r o n o u s T ie
System 1
V1
System 2
+ +
- -
12P
V2
B a c k - t o - B a c k A s y n c h r o n o u s /S y n c h r o n o u s T ie
System 1
V1
System 2
+ +
- -
12P
V2
Smart
Idea
17
Transmission line
L
V0
Vd c
ITransformer
inductance
DC
capacitor
Voltage
Sourced
Inverter
Voltage
sourced
inverter
Transformer
inductance
VL
V0
DC
capacitor
Vd c
Transmission line
I
Transmission line
L
V0
Vd c
ITransformer
inductance
DC
capacitor
Voltage
Sourced
Inverter
Voltage
sourced
inverter
Transformer
inductance
VL
V0
DC
capacitor
Vd c
Transmission line
I
“Grid Shock Absorbers” Concept
MW
The idea !
Area 2Area 1
18© 2007 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
VV
Voltage supported buses
Switchingconverter
gcV V Vga gb
CouplingTransformer
Q
AT AC TERMINAL 2
DC terminal
Generator 1ac terminal
Vg
Parametersetting
Switchingconverter
gcV V Vga gb
Idc
Coupling
Transformer
2V
DC terminal
Generator 2ac terminal
Vg
References
System variables
1V
Control P
2
2
>P2
>Q2
P2 >Q2 <
0
0
0
0
>0P2
0Q2
<
0P2
0Q2
<<
Q
AT AC TERMINAL 1
P
1
1
>P1
>Q1
P1 >Q1 <
0
0
0
0
>0P1
0Q1
<
0P1
0Q1
<<
C
Vdc
C
Vdc
+ +
P1 = -P2
MVA limitMVA limit
Segmentation with Grid Shock AbsorbersProof of Concept on the Eastern Interconnection (EI)
E
Ontario
D
Hydro
QuebecA
New
England
A
B a c k - t o - B a c k A s y n c h r o n o u s /S y n c h r o n o u s T ie
System 1
V1
System 2
+ +
- -
12P
V2
B a c k - t o - B a c k A s y n c h r o n o u s /S y n c h r o n o u s T ie
System 1
V1
System 2
+ +
- -
12P
V2
B
New York
C
Outside World
PJM
B D
C
B a c k - t o - B a c k A s y n c h r o n o u s /S y n c h r o n o u s T ie
System 1
V1
System 2
+ +
- -
12P
V2
B a c k - t o - B a c k A s y n c h r o n o u s /S y n c h r o n o u s T ie
System 1
V1
System 2
+ +
- -
12P
V2
Eastern InterconnectionVoltage supported buses
Segmentation with Grid Shock Absorbers
Proof of Concept
2003 Blackout
Lights on
Power Flow Control and System Dynamics
� Increased transmission capacity
� Improved flexibility and controllability of transmission
grid
“HVDC and FACTS” have the ability to help in rerouting power to eliminate
transmission bottlenecks and prevent a potential of cascading outagessituation.”
Smart Transmission Grid
� Bulk power transmission in the
GW range over distances of 1,000
kilometers and more
� Reduction in CO2 emissions, grid
access of large wind, hydro, and
solar power plants
� Increased robustness and
reliability of transmission grid
Flexibility
ReliabilityControllability
Accessibility
Q U A N T ASERVICES
Thanks for your attention
Edris
November 2007
BGEJanuary 4, 2008
Quanta Technology
Advancing the Grid
SERVICES
Dr. Aty EdrisSr. Director and Executive Advisor