five years of sez act
TRANSCRIPT
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New Delhi- 110016
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACTA CITIZENS' REPORT CARD
ON SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES
Acknowledgement
We would like to acknowledge the countless effort of researchers, activists,civil society organizations and people’s movements in providing inputsfor the formulation of this document. And, we would like to appreciate theperseverance of these individuals and groups in engaging with SpecialEconomic Zones and enriching the democratic tradition through theiruntiring struggle and critique against the Special Economic Zones.
ContentsI. The Context ..................................................................................................................... 1
II. Profile of Sezs in India - An Overview ...................................................................... 3
III. Issues of Concern ........................................................................................................... 7
1. Expropriation of Resources and Livelihood Issues ........................................ 7
2. Economic Implications ...................................................................................... 10
3. Implications on Governance and Democratic Processes ............................. 14
4. Environmental Issues ........................................................................................ 15
IV. Issues Raised by Cag ................................................................................................... 17
V. Points Raised by Parliamentary Standing Committee on Commerce ................ 21
VI. Concerns Highlighted by the Mord Committee .................................................... 23
VII. Final Word .................................................................................................................... 25
VIII. Signatories ................................................................................................................... 27
IX. Questions for Parliamentarians ................................................................................. 29
X. Reference List/ Web Resources ................................................................................ 31
XI. Struggles Against SEZS Across India after the SEZ Act 2005 .............................. 33
XII. Map of SEZS Approved after the SEZ Act .............................................................. 50
XIII. Hindi Version ............................................................................................................... 51
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FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 1 :
State Govern-ments across thecountry, instead
of initiating apublic dialogue,
have used theforce of state
machinery,coercion and
fraudulent meansto subvert and
suppress people'sprotests, be it in
Nandigram(Salim SEZ),
Kakinada (KSEZand GMR SEZ),
Kalinganagar(Jindal SEZ) orJagatsinghpur
(Posco)
I. THE CONTEXT
We, as citizens, members of academia, people’smovements, action groups and representatives of
various community based organisations, have, for the lastfour years, consistently raised several concerns in thematter of the SEZ legislation passed by the UPAgovernment in 2005, and the following establishment ofSEZs across the country. The provisions of the legislationitself, which promote the creation of new political andeconomic territories in the country, made it clear that thisis a recipe for disaster and instability. But the actualimplementation and creation of these zones has alsodemonstrated that the stated goals of industrialisation,technological development or even export growth are amere eye wash. After four years of the SEZ Act - it is out inthe open - that these zones are promoting the expropriationof public and community resources for the profit ofdomestic and global corporations and the financial market.
The UPA government, though aware of, has chosen toignore the multiple resistances of the people against forcedland acquisition for creation of Special Economic Zones invarious parts of the country - West Bengal, Maharashtra,Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Punjab andHaryana. Despite repeated demands made by farmers andaffected communities to stop this forced acquisition andgrabbing of resources for these zones, governments acrossthe country, instead of initiating a dialogue, have used theforce of state machinery, coercion and fraudulent meansto subvert and suppress people’s protests, be it inNandigram (Salim SEZ), Kakinada (KSEZ and GMR SEZ),Kalinganagar (Jindal SEZ) or Jagatsinghpur (Posco).
As citizens’ organisations and people’s movements, we aredeeply concerned about the SEZ Act and its implicationsfor the Indian polity, society and economy for the followingreasons:
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A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
1. The unconstitutional nature of the SEZ Act whichundermines other legislations
2. Breakdown of democratic governance systems,especially of the Local (both Urban and Rural) SelfGovernments with the creation of independentprivate capital enclaves outside the purview of theIndian State
3. Large-scale forced acquisition of land andpromotion of speculative real estate businesses;resulting in loss of agriculture, fishing-based andother traditional livelihoods
4. Creation of exploitative work environments
5. Increased burden on natural resources like land,water, forests and uncontrolled environmentaldestruction
6. Revenue losses and creation of serious economicimbalances
7. Breakdown of multi stakeholder pattern bysupporting hegemonic monopolistic businessmodel and centralisation of capital and resources
8. Lack of government efforts to initiate or openpublic consultations on the matter
It is in this context and with these concerns in mind thatthis report card has been compiled. The aim is to bring tolight some of the ground realities as well as seriousapprehensions of people and communities, which requireimmediate action and attention.
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
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II. PROFILE OF SEZs IN INDIA -AN OVERVIEW
The latest available statistics on Special Economic Zonesshow that the Board of Approvals at the Ministry of
Commerce, the central body authorised to clear SEZproposals, has approved 578 SEZs, of which 315 have beennotified. An analysis of figures on the nature of SEZapprovals displays a continuation of the pattern, evidentsince SEZ Act in 2005.
Sector-wise
An overwhelming number of SEZs continues to be inInformation Technology and related industries. TillDecember 2008 181 notified SEZs exist for IT companies,representing 66% of the total number of SEZs. Additionallythere are 341 formally approved and 11 in-principleapprovals. The share of IT is thus slightly lower amongthe formally approved SEZs compared to notified SEZs,probably since smaller IT SEZs manage to acquire landfaster than large multi-product SEZs. With all the differentSEZs taken together, at various stages of approvals, the ITsector still accounts for more than half of the total (55%).The second largest sector is multi-product SEZs, with 9%of the all zones.
With all thedifferent SEZs
taken together, atvarious stages ofapproval, the IT
sector stillaccounts for morethan half, 55% of
the total.
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Andhra Pradesh,Tamil Nadu and
Maharashtra thusaccount for
almost half of allthe SEZs in the
country. Evenmore imbalanced
is the spread ofSEZs when one
considers thelocations within
each state. 48 outof the 99 formallyapproved SEZs in
Andhra Pradeshare in or close to
Hyderabad, while34 of 66 formallyapproved are in
or close toChennai
Source: Ministry of Commerce, “SEZs: Sector wise Distribution”, datafrom 8 December 2008 available on www.sezindia.nic.in
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A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
Regionally
Andhra Pradesh tops the list of notified SEZs (57), followedby Tamil Nadu (44) and Maharashtra (43). Maharashtrahas the highest number of SEZs waiting to be notified, with104 formally approved and 34 approved in principle,compared to AP’s 99 and 2 and Tamil Nadu’s 66 and 18,respectively. These three states thus account for almost halfof all the SEZs in the country. The share is especiallysignificant among the already notified SEZs with 144 outof the total 274.
Even more imbalanced, is the spread of SEZs when oneconsiders the locations within each state. 48 out of the 99formally approved SEZs in Andhra Pradesh are in or closeto Hyderabad, while 34 of 66 formally approved in TamilNadu are in or close to Chennai. The main number of SEZscan easily be characterised as being in the IT-sector and inone of primarily Western or Southern cities (with real estateand infrastructure developers taking advantage of theurban periphery). This said, almost every state in thecountry has tried to establish a few SEZs within theirterritories, including Dadra & Nagar Haveli’s 4, andPondicherry’s 1 formally approved zones.
Land Requirements
There are 53 multi-product SEZs at the in principle approvalstage, which implies that they might soon be formallynotified. These are zones, which require really large areasof land and have been contentious on the issue ofdisplacement. Recently, the rule preventing SEZs largerthan 5,000 hectares was lifted, which lead the Adani groupto apply for and receive permission to merge 3 such zones(4498 + 2658 + 2648 hectares), which were created next toeach other at Mundra in Gujarat to avoid the land ceiling.
Recently the ruleof preventingSEZs larger than5,000 hectares wasbent for theAdani group togrant a mergerbetween the 3zones of (4498 +2658 + 2648hectares) it hadcreated next toeach other atMundra inGujarat to avoidthe land ceiling.
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
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The largest Multi Product SEZs in the “In principle”-category Size (ha)
DLF Universal, Gurgaon, Haryana 8,097
Omaxe Limited, Alwar District, Rajasthan RJ 6,070
D.S. Constructions Limited, Palwal, Haryana 5,000
Skil Infrastructure Limited, Nandagudi Hobli, Karnataka 5,000
Reliance Haryana SEZ Limited, Jhajjar District, Haryana 5,000
Mumbai SEZ Limited Gujarat Positra Port Infrastructural Limited 5,000
New Kolkata International Development, Medinipur, West Bengal 5,000
Writers and Publishers Limited, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 4,050
Suncity Haryana SEZ Developer Private Limited , Ambala, Haryana 3,237
Skil Infrastructure Limited, Himachal Pradesh, Airport based 3,230
Rewas Ports Limited, Rewas, District Raigarh, Maharashtra 2,,850
Videocon Realty and Infrastructure, Aurangabad, Maharashtra 2,763
Indiabulls Infrastructure Development, Raigarh, Maharashtra 2,429
Among the actually operating SEZs, the biggest ones apartfrom the Mundra zone(s) in Gujarat is APIICVisakhapatnam SEZ with 2,206 ha in and the Kakinada SEZwith 1,035 ha both in Andhra Pradesh and the Navi MumbaiSEZ with 1,223 ha in Maharashtra
So far the notified1 SEZs have officially required 30,122 haof land. But the many, really large multi-product SEZs inthe In principle category cover an area of 1.22 lakh hectares,or roughly around 869 hectares per SEZ on average. InAndhra Pradesh the 7,400 ha converted into SEZs is lessthan Gujarat’s almost 10,000 ha (9,997) despite there being56 SEZs in AP compared to Gujarat’s 21. Gujarat has clearlyprioritised large-scale multi-product SEZs while the restof the country has mainly IT zones. Maharashtra and TamilNadu, who also have a large number of SEZs, use muchless area, 5,018 and 2,307 ha respectively, again indicatingthat mainly IT SEZs are being notified (so far).
The many, reallylarge multi-
product SEZs inthe In principle
category cover anarea of 1.22 lakhhectares, or 869
hectares per SEZon average
1 The data on notified SEZs (from the MoC website sez.nic.in) is from30th September 2008 and thus older than the other data used in thisreport.
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A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
With the economic slow-down towards the end of 2008,for the first time we witnessed companies applying to de-register/denotify SEZs. The fact that real estate and ITcompanies were worst hit by the downturn and that thedirect impact was on demand for creation of SEZs furtherestablished that SEZ projects in the country are essentiallydominated by this sector. It remains to be seen what thenet effect of this will be especially since the Ministry ofCommerce seems to have no clear guidelines ondenotification and what happens in cases where the landis already in possession of developers in the name of SEZs.In the meantime we continue to see a lull in the applicationsfor new zones. Nevertheless, as of April 2009 the totalnumber of formal approvals was 578 and notified SEZswere 330)
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
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III. ISSUES OF CONCERN
1. EXPROPRIATION OF RESOURCES ANDLIVELIHOOD ISSUES
Large-scale requirement and forced acquisition ofland
India is almost unique in its concept of creating SEZs ondemand i.e. the location, size and nature of the zone is
explicitly determined not by state economic policy but bythe demands of private capital. Moreover, the onlycondition for setting up such a zone is the possession orintent to possess a sufficient area of land. This, as commonsense would suggest, has led to widespread agitation byfarmers, land owning and land based communities invarious locations (please refer to list in Annexure).
Despite the guidelines issued by the Ministry of Commerceand the EGoM SEZs on 15th June 2007 that prohibit forcedacquisition of land for private, nearly all states continue touse the Land Acquisition Act (1894) to acquire the land forSEZs and that too without any provision for rehabilitation.In some states like Tamil Nadu and AP, governments arealso invoking the urgency clause: 17(4) of the LandAcquisition Act, to acquire land compulsorily. In states likeMaharashtra, state supported land acquisition was broughtto a halt in projects like Karla (Mahindra and MahindraSEZ), Raigarh (Reliance SEZ), Nasik (India Bulls SEZ),Nagpur (Mihan SEZ), after issuing land acquisition noticesunder (Section 4 and 6) LA Act. The acquisition noticeshowever are yet to be withdrawn. Infact, except forNandigram in West Bengal and Amritsar in Punjab, therehave been no withdrawal of notices in case of any otherSEZ. As in the case of the Reliance SEZ in Raigad, for whicheven the Supreme Court refused to grant extension for landacquisition, the Ministry of Commerce (MoC) is yet tocancel its approval. The MoC continues providing approvalextensions to companies even though they have managed
In states likeGujarat a large
part of the landbeing diverted to
SEZs is in thecategory ofcommon or
gowcher land(wrongly referredto as ‘wasteland’).Much of this land
is in the coastaland dryland
areas, on whichfishing and
graziercommunities
depend on fortheir day-to-day
livelihoods.
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A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
to purchase only a small part of the required land for theSEZ.
It is argued that much of the land being diverted for SEZsis already available with State Industrial DevelopmentCorporations (IDCs). While this is a fact, it needs to bespecified that in many cases lands, which had beenpreviously acquired by IDCs and were lying vacant andare now being transferred to SEZ developers also used theLand Acquisition Act (1894). These sales are obviously atmuch higher rates than the original acquisition price paidto the farmers, which has spurred a whole new set of issues.There are several court battles being fought for bettercompensation by original owners. In such a context thequestion is what is the role of IDCs in the country? Andshould they be allowed to function as agents of real estatedevelopers?
The issue of compensation at market value, even to landowners is meaningless as the scales are heavily tipped infavor of private buyers and Government owned Industrialcorporations, who are the informed negotiators decidingthe package.
Furthermore, not all states IDCs have readily availablelands and given the rate at which the SEZ approvals werebeing granted, it became clear that IDCs lands alone wouldnot suffice. As a result, IDCs have also started acquiringfresh land to be transferred to SEZs.
Landless and Agricultural labourers displacedwithout compensation
Almost 80% of India’s agricultural population owns onlyabout 17% of the total agriculture land, making them near-landless workers. Far more families and communitiesdepend on a piece of land (for work, grazing) than thosewho own it outright. However, during land acquisition,compensation is discussed only for those who hold landtitles. No compensation has been planned for those whodo not.
The mostoutrageousacquisitions aretaking place inAndhra Pradeshwhich has thehighest numberof SEZ approvals,in the form ofacquiringassigned lands(allotted to Dalitsand ScheduledTribes) for SEZs.
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In states like Gujarat a large part of the land being divertedfor SEZs is in the category of common or gowcher land(wrongly referred to as ‘wasteland’). Much of this land isin the coastal and dryland areas, on which fishing andgrazier communities depend for their day-to-daysustenance. Since these lands are ‘common lands’ with noindividual titles, they are transferred for industrial usewithout even consulting the local communities andpanchayats. Temple or Panchami land in Tamil Nadu andWaqf board lands in Andhra Pradesh are other examplesof Public lands that have been expropriated and privatisedfor SEZs.
The most outrageous acquisitions are taking place inAndhra Pradesh, which has the highest number of SEZapprovals, in the form of acquiring assigned lands (allottedto Dalits and Scheduled Tribes) for SEZs. This is amplyevident in places like Polepally, Kakinada, Chittoor andAnantapur where SEZs are proposed. These acts are againstthe letter and spirit of the Indian Constitution, whichguarantees right to life and livelihoods to citizens throughArticle 21 of the Constitution and special rights toScheduled Tribes and Castes.
Destruction of Agro-based and rural economies
Loss of local agriculture, fisheries-based and othertraditional livelihoods are leading to large-scaledisplacement of people and the ensuing food andlivelihood insecurity suffered by them are matters of graveworry. The bulk of land being acquired for SEZs is fertile,agricultural land, especially in the case of multi-productzones. Agricultural Scientists have estimated that close to1.14 lakh farming households (each household on anaverage comprising of five members) and an additional82,000 farm worker families who are dependent upon thesefarms for their livelihoods, will be displaced. The total lossof income to the farming and the farm worker families,then, is an astounding Rs.212-crore a year (BhaskarGoswami 2006). These are 2006 estimates after the initialSEZ approvals were sanctioned which have multiplied
In Maharashtrathe Directorate ofIndustrial Safety
and Healthcannot carry out
inspections inSEZs without thepermission of the
DevelopmentCommissioner.
Andhra Pradeshis offering
concessions inminimum wages
and is allowingwork for 365
days per year,even for 24 hoursa day (if overtime
is paid).
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A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
three-fold. Further, there is hardly any assessment ofdestruction of other allied livelihoods of artisans and craft-dependent households or others surviving on smallbusinesses in the SEZ affected villages
The setting up of coastal SEZs in Gujarat, Maharashtra,Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh have led to seriousopposition by fisher people who will lose their access tothe sea, especially as a result of the port based SEZs. Saltpanworkers are another such affected community in case ofcoastal SEZs.
Creation of exploitative employment opportunitiesand working conditions resulting from nullificationof labour protection laws
The harsh condition of workers in existing SEZs in Indiaand China is already well known. The power in the handsof the Development Commissioner to declare SEZs as“public utility services” under the Industrial Disputes Actmeans that in SEZ areas, workers have no rights to strikeor even to form unions and organize collectively to bargainfor better wages or working conditions. The SEZ policy ofthe government transfers all powers of the State LaborCommissioner to the Development Commissioners of theSEZ. As an example, in Maharashtra, the Directorate ofIndustrial Safety and Health cannot carry out inspectionsin SEZs without the permission of the DevelopmentCommissioner. Andhra Pradesh now is offeringconcessions in minimum wages and is allowing work for365 days per year; even for 24 hours a day (if overtime ispaid). In the Noida EPZ, workers have been sacked fordemanding the implementation of labor laws.i
2. ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS
The Ministry of Finance in a study, estimated a revenueloss of 1,75,487 Cr. from tax holidays granted to SEZs. Thisestimate was compiled for the period 2004-2005 to 2009-2010. Annually, this amount is equivalent to about 6-7% ofthe central government’s receipts during 2005-06. The
The Ministry ofFinanceconducted astudy, and cameup with thefigures that thecumulativerevenue loss fromtax holidays toSEZs over theperiod 2004-05 to2009-10 isestimated to be1,75,487 Cr.Annually, this isequivalent toabout 6-7% of thecentralgovernment’sreceipts during2005-06.
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
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foregone tax revenue is four times the annual allocationfor the National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme(NREGS) and as such, can feed 50 million hungry peopleevery day, each year. The Government is nowcontemplating declaring every large factory in the countryan SEZ. If this happens, it would be a tax scam ofmonumental proportions. The Finance Ministry, which hascollated the tax filings of 4,10,451 companies (includingSEZs) has found that there has been a sharp rise in revenueforgone by the government on account of certainexemptions — including accelerated depreciation, whichshot up from Rs. 73,96 crore in 2006-07 to Rs 12,946 crorein 2007-08 and further to Rs 14,344 crore in 2008-09. (http://www.hindustantimes.com/News/business/39-tax-exemptions-cost-govt-Rs-68-914-crore-in-revenue-foregone/Article1-446258.aspx)
In its performance audit-report on indirect taxes for theUnion Government tabled in the Parliament on 11 March2008, the CAG brought 370 SEZ units under scanner witha limited objective to verify if they had complied withexisting Customs Act, Rules, notifications etc. The reviewbrought out systemic as well as compliance weaknessesthat caused loss revenues to the tune of Rs.246.72 crore.Furthermore, the CAG threw light on the absence ofenabling provisions, which resulted in Rs.1724.67 crore ofrevenues forgone, or irrecoverable. (See details in SectionIV).
Additional losses come from state-level incentives. Thesecretive nature of these deals means that such estimatesof revenue losses are not taken into account even whenmade by CAG and others. The implication is that theCentral Government itself does not know the fullimplications of the SEZ scheme. More recently in January2010, the Central Board of Excise and Customs (CBEC)recommended an overhaul of the Special Economic Zone(SEZ) Act 2005, saying that it had detected gross violationsof duty and tax concessions causing a revenue loss of Rs1,75,000 crore till date. (http://business.rediff.com/report/2010/jan/28/sez-act-needs-overhaul-says-cbec.htm)
Revenue Lossesdue to
Unnecessary TaxConcessions:
The CAG reviewbrought out
systemic as wellas compliance
weaknesses thatcaused revenue
losses to the tuneof Rs.246.72 crore.
Furthermore, theCAG threw light
on the absence ofenabling
provisions whichresulted in
Rs.1724.67 croreof revenuesforgone, or
irrecoverable.
The Ministry ofCommerce
figures of 3.5lakhs
employment and90,000 croreinvestment
generated bySEZs are beingquestioned on
their authenticityand efficacy since
these have to beestablished
through adetailed andindependent
evaluation.
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A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
Regional and Sectoral Imbalances
If we look at the distribution of the lands within SEZsapproved, we find that 70% of the land is concentrated inthe hands of 25 to 30% of medium and large sized multi-product zone developers. The rest of the smaller SEZs aremostly in the IT sector. Most of the SEZs are alsoconcentrated around urban areas and their peripheries andother infrastructurally developed centres in the top 5 states,already considered as industrially progressive. This in itselfcontradicts the Government’s stated interest in bringingSEZs to ‘backward areas’.
Furthermore, if we look at the IT sector approvals, we findthat it is real estate companies like Rahejas, Unitech, DLF,Parsavnath, Emaar and many others who are dominant.These companies have found their own ways of subvertingthe ceiling laws by floating subsidiary companies.According to a news report, DLF (a major SEZ developer)has floated 68 subsidiaries, each of which also hassubsidiaries. EMAAR, another infrastructure developingcompany has 350. The Parliamentary Standing Committeein its 83rd Report on ‘Functioning of SEZs’ has also statedits concern about real estate speculation in areas were SEZsare coming up. With only 35 to 50% of the area earmarkedas a processing zone, the rest remains open for housingand entertainment, due to which real estate firms aredominating SEZs. This point has been emphasized by theParliamentary Standing Committee report as well (Referto Section V). Also, the advantages an SEZ has over unitsoutside (in the Domestic Tariff Area) violates the basicnorms of a competitive economy and creates moreimbalances.
Stated objectives remain unfulfilled?
The Secretary of the Ministry of Commerce has admittedthat 40% of SEZs approved may never really “take off theground” (Panos-Kalpavriksh media dialogue on SEZs -December 2008). Additionally, the figures of 3.5 lakhemployment and 90,000 crore investment, estimated to be
It needs to bementionedfurther that agreat recession inthe worldeconomy is not agood omen forpromoting SEZs,which willproduce for anincreasinglyshrinking andprotected exportmarket. Also, it’snot specifiedwhat happens toa developerwhose SEZ doesnot meet theexportrequirement.
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
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generated by SEZs are being questioned on theirauthenticity since these have to be established through adetailed and independent evaluation. With the economicrecession being faced across the globe and country, the IT,Real Estate and export sectors have been the most hit. TheMoC itself admits that 50,000 jobs have been lost in SEZsalone in the last six months. And many developers arelining up to ‘denotify’ their SEZs or cancel the receivedapprovals.
Further the conditions of contract labour in SEZs are themost pathetic. Wages in existing SEZs are often belowminimum. Sen and Dasgupta in a May 2007 survey foundthat in the Noida SEZ, workers were getting Rs. 80 a dayfor 9 hours of work (as opposed to the Minimum Wage ofRs. 110-120/day). Such is also the case in Falta in WestBengal. (See: http://www.mainstreamweekly.net/article8.html)
Indian policy makers have very little regulation over theactivities within a zone. Notwithstanding claims of export-orientation, the only requirement imposed on SEZ units isa vague need for them to have a ‘positive net foreignexchange balance.’ Even that only applies to industrial unitsin the zone. If the goal of SEZs is indeed exports, surely amore stringent clause than merely “positive net foreignexchange” for the SEZ as a whole ought to be applied.Export Oriented Units had much stiffer requirements andthus performed much better when measured against thestated purpose. It needs to be mentioned further that arecession in the world economy is not a good omen forpromoting SEZs, with production being geared for anincreasingly shrinking and protected export market. Also,it has not been specified as to what happens to a developerwhose SEZ does not meet the export requirement. Just likeit hasn’t been specified as to what the procedure fordenotification is? The recession and the accompanyingdemand for denotification by developers like DLF (SEZs)is exposing this loophole. In such cases, the real questionis, what happens to the land? Will it be returned to farmers?If so, how and when?
The SEZ Act(Section 9, 11, 12
and 31) takespower back to the
center andbureaucracy (by
creating ‘Board ofApprovals’ and
‘DevelopmentCommissioner’
and ‘SEZAuthority’),
whoseaccountability is
not certain.
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A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
3. IMPLICATIONS ON GOVERNANCE ANDDEMOCRATIC PROCESSES
Breakdown of governance systems especially of thelocal self-governments with the creation of foreignenclaves
The SEZ Act (Section 9, 11, 12 and 31) takes power back tothe center and bureaucracy (by creating ‘Board ofApprovals’, ‘Development Commissioner’ and ‘SEZAuthority’), whose accountability is not certain. The factthat the SEZs would have their own regulations, the rightsfor environmental and labour related clearances, securityarrangements, means that they would be ‘self containedprivatized autonomous entities’, where existingconstitutional rights would be difficult to exercise andenforce. The creation of separate courts for SEZs ridiculesthe existing judicial system. There is no clarity about howelections will be conducted, and what happens to thegoverning authority of the Gram Sabha/ Municipality,under the 73rd/74th amendments.
There is no transparency in the guidelines formulated forselection, modification and rejection of SEZ proposals bythe BoA. The representation and role of key ministries likeAgriculture, Labour, and Environment is lacking. AsChairman of the Administrative Reforms Committee, MVeerappa Moily in a report on SEZs stated that ‘We needto restructure the Board of Approval by putting in peoplewho are objective and can take a balanced view.’
The Commerce Ministry had made public announcementsof various studies comparing SEZ with other countries. Mr.Kirit Somaya filed an RTI regarding this, and received thefollowing official reply - “study of export of nearbycountries of Bangladesh and Sri Lanka was done. No otherstudies or scientific analysis available.”
Both houses ofIndianDemocracypassed this billwithin a day (10th
and 11th May2005) withvirtually nodiscussion,underminingmany of theobjections thatwere raised.
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
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No space for popular concerns or publicconsultation:
The SEZ Act was passed in haste without much publicdebate. The Ministry did not facilitate any publicconsultation, participation or debate on the SEZ Act. In bothhouses of Parliament, this bill was passed within a day (10th
and 11th May 2005) with virtually no discussion,undermining many of the objections that were raised.
Information demanded from the Ministry of Commerce onthe approved projects under the RTI Act 2005 has beendenied on the clause of maintaining “trade secrets”. Thishas been done despite the fact that many of these projectshave initiated acquisition procedures displacing livelihoodsof a large number of people, making the information soughta Public Interest question. In Tamil Nadu, a researcher-activist was indicted by the Tamil Nadu IndustryDepartment for asking too many questions and the case issubjudice in the Madras High Court (Case numberWP33936 of 2007). Once the above information request wasmade in 2006, the appeal process was a lengthy one withseveral hearings at the Tamil Nadu InformationCommission towards the end of 2007. In the end thecommissioner chose to allow the request and also madestrong remarks on the lack of transparency of the industrydepartment.
4. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
Land, water and air are natural resources that SEZs arelikely to exploit and gain control over, and the use of whichis directly linked to the environmental impacts of SEZs.The change of land use of an area, from agriculture toindustrial purpose is bound to change the ecosystem andecological health of any area. Ironically, SEZs are beinggranted environmental clearances like any ordinaryprojects, with no mention of studies related to environmentimpacts of upcoming developments. Examples of ChineseSEZs indicate the extent of the environmental lossesinvolved.
SEZs are beinggranted
environmentalclearances like
any ordinaryprojects, with noobvious mentionof studies related
to environmentimpacts ofupcoming
developments. Inmany cases they
are beingexempted fromthe mandatory
EnvironmentClearance Public
Hearings -TheMundra SEZ is
one suchexample
With provisionslike the one
restricting entryinto the SEZs,
which are opento authorised
persons only, itis difficult for
independentresearchers to
enter the area tocarry out any
environmentalimpact
assessments orstudies.
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A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
India is already going through a crisis in terms of waterscarcity as well as loss of forests and biodiversity. The pointis that in the current framework for economic development,costs of loss of forest and other common lands; large scaleexploitation of water resources; coastal lands and lines;pollution - air and water; generation of e-waste etc; are noteven being computed.
There is great deal of ambiguity and contradictions whenone compares how environment clearances are dealt within the EIA notification and the SEZ legislations. In thisregard, it is important to consider the following points.While industrial units within the SEZs are exempt fromEnvironment Clearance public hearings, the SEZ itself isrequired to under go public hearing. However, there arecases like the Mundra SEZ where the Ministry ofEnvironment has recommended that Public Hearing beexempted for the creation of the Multi Product SEZ.
The issue of compliance monitoring of clearance conditionsbecomes a serious concern with all powers centred in thehands of the Development Commissioner. With provisionslike the one restricting entry into the SEZs, which are opento authorised persons only, it is difficult for independentresearchers to enter the area to carry out any environmentalimpact assessments or studies.
CAG AuditReport onMadhya Pradeshfor the yearending March 31,2005 has indictedMPSIDC forallotting a tractof land that wasacquired 22 yearsback and waslying vacant, toIndore SEZ atcheaper rates,resulting in lossof revenuesworth Rs 22.58crore.
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 17 :
IV. ISSUES RAISED BY CAG
The Comptroller and Auditor General of India’s (CAG)Union Audit Report 2007 outlined that some existing
SEZs are operating within a system that enables thegovernment to forego tax revenue. Tabled in the Parliamenton 11 March 2008, the CAG report brought 370 SEZ unitsunder scanner with a limited objective to verify if they hadcomplied with existing Customs Act, Rules, notificationsetc. The review brought out systemic as well as complianceweaknesses that caused lost revenues to the tune of Rs.246.72 crore. Furthermore, the CAG threw light on theabsence of enabling provisions, which resulted inRs.1724.67 crore of revenues foregone, or irrecoverable.Duty foregone by the Government on the SEZ schemeduring the period 2000-01 to 2005-06 was Rs. 8,842 crore.The budget estimates of the duty foregone for the year 2006-07 was Rs. 2,146 crore.
It was observed during the audit, that 22 SEZ units hadbeen achieving the prescribed “positive” Net ForeignExchange mainly though domestic sales and this defeatsone of the sub-objectives of the scheme, which is to augmentreal exports. While an overall export of Rs.7, 149.23 crorewas made by these 22 units, the actual export content wasonly Rs.1, 999.27 crore (28 per cent) and the remaining Rs.5,149.96 crore (72 per cent) related to Domestic Tariff Areaearnings (selling of goods from inside the SEZ to outsidethe SEZ as opposed to selling outside the country). Therange of the domestic earnings as a percentage of totalexport earning in these units was 59 to 100. Customs dutyof Rs. 1,043.29 crore was foregone on import of goods bythese units.
The report further indicated that credits received by SEZsplace them at an unfair advantage over non-SEZ units thatdo not receive the tax credit. The CAG reported, “noprovision had been made to recover duty foregone oninputs procured by the SEZ units and used in themanufacture of products which were cleared at ‘nil’ rate
CAG AuditReport on Goa
for the yearending March 31,2008 probed intoland allotments
by Goa IndustrialDevelopment
Corporation forseven SEZs and
found out thattracts of land that
were speciallyprocured were
lying unutilizedand were handed
to SEZdevelopers atcheaper rates
with loss ofrevenue worth Rs
102.64 crore.
The most criticalrecommendation
made by theParliamentary
StandingCommittee on
Commerce in its83rd report
included theneed to ‘pause
and ponder’. Thereport clearly
expressedconcern about thefast pace at which
approvals werebeing granted by
the BoA despiteapprehensionsraised from all
quarters.
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A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
in DTA. The government needs to address this disparityto ensure a level playing field for units in DTA as well asin the SEZ” (ibid).
The government was denied Rs. 285.81 crore because dutywas not levied / short levied at seven SEZs in cases whereimports were being made in violation of the SEZ conditions.Through the audit, the CAG confirmed that irregular DTAsales led to a non-levy/ short levy of Rs. 84.37 crore inCentral Excise duty. The report further outlines specificcases where the CAG determined that individual SEZs werenot achieving minimum net foreign exchange performance(NFEP). “Duty free irregular imports made by EOUs are ahuge drain on the Government Revenue. There is an urgentneed to put in place a workable co-ordinate mechanismbetween Commerce and Finance Ministries, to detect suchlapses and recover duty in time” (ibid).
CAG Audit Report on Madhya Pradesh for the year endingMarch 31, 2005 has indicted MPSIDC for allotting a tractof land that was acquired 22 years back and was lyingvacant, to Indore SEZ at cheaper rates, resulting in loss ofrevenues worth Rs 22.58 crore.
Goa Irregularities
Similarly CAG Audit Report on Goa for the year endingMarch 31, 2008 probed into land allotments by the GoaIndustrial Development Corporation for seven SEZs andfound out, that tracts of land that were specially procuredin August 1992, August 2001 and March 2007 were lyingunutilized and were handed to SEZ developers at cheaperrates. The audit scrutiny pointed out the loss of revenueworth Rs 102.64 crore.
Reviewed by the Goa Legislative Assembly in early 2009,the CAG report on Goa acknowledged major discrepanciesin land transfers related to SEZs in the state. TheComptroller and Auditor General of India’s review of theGoa Industrial Development Corporation (GIDC) reveals
“Tax concessionsin SEZs aresimilar to STPsand EoUs - thenwhy is there are aneed for SEZs?”ParliamentaryStandingCommittee onCommerce in its83rd report
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 19 :
that the action of the corporation lacked transparency, hadmajor irregularities, and cost the state significant losses inrevenue (CAG, Goa State Report, Chapter VII GovernmentCommercial and Trading Activities). Among others, theReport highlighted inconsistencies in the land allotmentto SEZs in the Verna Industrial Estate. The report says,“Allotments of land at Verna Phase IV to SEZs wereirregular as the land was acquired for an industrial growthcentre with financial assistance from the government ofIndia” (ibid). The Goa government received 10 crore offinancial assistance from the Industrial Growth Centre(IGC) Scheme of the Government of India to establish andpromote the Verna Industrial Estate with small andmedium units. In turn, the GIDC allotted land acquiredwithin the estate to SEZs, which is a contradiction to themandate of the scheme. The CAG concluded that the stateis liable to refund the contribution of Rs 10 crore receivedfrom GOI.
The report further explains that the GIDC, whichtechnically was not assigned any role under the SEZ policy,allotted 38.41-lakh sq.m of land to seven SEZs. “Allotmentto SEZs was made without publicizing, that too before theState government formulated its SEZ policy”, says the CAG(ibid). The GIDC also provided four SEZ developers withmore land than what was officially approved by the SEZBoard of Approvals, and the land was allocated at a lesserrate costing the state over Rs. 36.89 crore.
The CAG report on the Goa Industrial DevelopmentCorporation, referred to the Government of India in June2008, concluded (direct quotes):
■ Corporation deviated from its established role, ofacquiring and allotting land directly to theentrepreneur, by allotting land to developers forfurther allotments by them
■ Allotments were made without any transparentselection procedures
TheParliamentary
Standingcommittee
slammed theMinistry of
Commerce on theground that at the
time of therelease of the
83rd report therewere 152 formal
approvals and bythe time the ATRwas presented inthe Rajya Sabhathe total number
of approved SEZshad crossed 500.
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A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
■ Allotments to SEZs were made withoutpublicising, that too before the State Governmentformulated its SEZ policy
■ Land acquired for small and medium scaleindustries under IGC (Industrial Growth Centre)Scheme was allotted to SEZ, violating GOIguidelines
■ Revision of premium rate of Verna Phase IV(industrial estate proposed to house SEZs) onlyafter major chunk was allotted at lower rate,tentatively fixed, resulted in loss of Rs. 36.89 crore
■ Allotment of land contiguous to the land allottedto four SEZs at lesser rate resulted in loss of Rs.39.47 crore
■ Allotment of 14.36 lakh sq. m land to two SEZdevelopers without adopting approved formularesulted in loss of Rs 17.76 crore
(Source: The Comptroller and Auditor General of India, Goa State Report,Chapter VII Government Commercial and Trading Activities)
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 21 :
V. POINTS RAISED BYPARLIAMENTARY STANDINGCOMMITTEE ON COMMERCE
The Parliamentary Standing Committee on Commerceof the previous government under the Chairman ship
of Murli Manohar Joshi submitted its 83rd report on the‘Functioning of SEZs’ to the Parliament on 20th June 2007.The report raised some very pertinent points on the SEZpolicy and its implications. The most criticalrecommendation made by the committee included the needto ‘pause and ponder’. The report clearly expressed concernabout the fast pace at which approvals have been grantedby the BoA despite apprehensions raised from all quarters.
The report also stated that in the process of enquiry beingcarried out by the Standing Committee members, the localadministration was not forth coming, the state governmentswere not supportive and in some places the sub-committeewas prevented from meeting people.
Most importantly the report criticised the escalation ofdisplacement as a result of large SEZs leading todisplacement and speculation in many situations. In theAction Taken Report (87th report) submitted to the RajyaSabha on 24th October 2008, the Ministry of Commerce hasabsolved itself of the responsibility of the land issues statingthree points:
■ that the MoC had issued guidelines stating that noland would be acquired by force after 5th April2007 using the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 in caseof private SEZs
■ that the government had come out with two billson amendment to the Land Acquisition Act andthe Rehabilitation and Resettlement Bill 2007 inorder to deal with the issue of displacement
■ that ultimately land was a state subject and henceit is the prerogative of the state to follow the
Citizens GroupsDemand: A
moratorium onfurther approvals
of SEZs tillan independent
review of thefunctioning of
existing SEZs asrecommended bythe Parliamentary
StandingCommittee in its
83rd Report.Public audit of
SEZs should beconducted
through publicconsultations andhearings as a part
of this. Theultimate move
should be arepeal of this
legislationbecause of its un-
constitutionalnature
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A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
guidelines issued by the centre and avoid conflictof interest
All the three arguments are inadequate because they donot deal with ground realities in the establishment of SEZs.While private SEZs are expected to carry out directpurchase of land, in many cases it is the IDCs which arebeing used to first acquire the land and then hand it overto the private companies. That the two bills (LAA and R&R)introduced in the Parliament in the last session of theprevious government, leave much to be desired, in termsof their redressal of the problem of displacement andalienation of farmers and rural communities from theirlands has been well argued.
Some of the other recommendations of the ParliamentaryStanding Committee which were brushed aside by theMinistry of Commerce in the ATR include:
■ Region wise cap on the SEZ approvals to allow forbalanced regional development of SEZs.
■ Imposition of restrictions on unnecessary socialinfrastructure
■ Linking of fiscal incentives to exports
■ Tax concessions in SEZs are similar to STPs andEoUs - then why is there are a need for SEZs?
■ Re-look at delegation of Labour Commissioner’spowers to the Development Commissioner
Most importantly the Parliamentary Standing committeeslammed the Ministry of Commerce on the ground that atthe time of the release of the 83rd report there were 152formal approvals and 82 notifications by the Board ofApprovals and there was no effort to put a halt on theapprovals despite the committee’s recommendation to holdapprovals till amendments were put in place. By the timethe ATR was presented in the Rajya Sabha the total numberof approved SEZs had crossed 500. The MoC has merelystated that it was in the process of getting a ‘scientificevaluation’ done on the performance and impacts of SEZs.
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 23 :
VI. CONCERNS HIGHLIGHTEDBY THE MoRD COMMITTEE
The Report of the Committee on State Agrarian Relationsand Unfinished Task of Land, Ministry of Rural
Development, Government of India, New Delhi, 2008, hasraised the following concerns with regards to SEZs
■ The Report describes the SEZ policy as “highlyquestionable” SEZ and the SEZ Act 2005 as bearing“contradictions in abundance” (p. 133).
■ The Report notes that the SEZ Act and Rules make nomention of the role of the Pollution Control Board or ofCoastal Regulation related provisions, and takesadvantage of an amendment to the Coastal RegulationZone (CRZ) Notification of 1991 that allows for SEZs tobe located in ecologically sensitive coastal areas and ‘nodevelopment zones’ (135-6)
■ The Report also describes how SEZ Act (2005) “gives ablank cheque to the water requirement”, neither makingmention of the sources of water to be used nor anyprescriptions for regulation and limitations on wateruse for proposed zones (p. 142). Citing the case ofGujarat, the Report is critical of the Gujarat SEZ Act thatsays, “The SEZ developers will be granted approval fordevelopment of water supply and distribution systemto ensure the provision of adequate water supply forSEZ units” and notes that the allocation of millions oflitres of water from the Sardar Sarovar Project toindustrial purposes including the Mundra SEZ has beencriticized by a CAG report from 2006 for its impact onthe availability of water for drought prone areas (p.142).
■ The Committee on State Agrarian Relations andUnfinished Task of Land, Ministry of RuralDevelopment, Government of India statesunequivocally that “The conversion of agriculture landfor non-agricultural uses is leading to seriousconsequences” (p. 229)
The Report of theCommittee onState AgrarianRelations and
Unfinished Taskof Land, Ministry
of RuralDevelopment
describes the SEZpolicy as “highly
questionable”and the SEZ Act2005 as bearing“contradictionsin abundance”.
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A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
■ The Sub Group on Governance Issues and Policy ofLand of the Committee on State Agrarian Relations andUnfinished Task of Land, Ministry of RuralDevelopment, Government of India writes that thenotification of SEZs in 53 out of 607 districts is sure topromote regional inequities.
■ The Sub-Group recommended revisiting the SEZ Actcomprehensively and putting a ban on exemptions ondiversion of land in scheduled areas and also transfersof common property and agricultural land for SEZ/STZpurposes. It also criticized the Act for the lack of Cost-Benefit analysis conducted for SEZ projects or“assessment of economic losses as a result of diversionof agricultural land to non-agricultural purposes andresultant impacts on local livelihood.” (p. 134)
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 25 :
VII. FINAL WORD
The above mentioned issues were raised at meetingswith the Union Minister of Commerce, the Special
Secretary MoC, Minister of State (MoC) in September 2006,Chairperson of the Empowered Group of Ministers in April2007 and with the Parliamentary Standing Committee onCommerce in May 2007 by delegations of civil societymembers, activists and representatives of affectedcommunities. Each time assurances of consultations weregiven but no such initiatives were taken and the demandsput forth have been completely overlooked till date.Meanwhile, more that 550 projects have received approvalsand land grab continues.
We believe that the current SEZ Act and Policy provideslegislative and judicial support to privatization of thecountry’s resources and has the potential to destabilize thedemocratic governance system. In addition to this, itthreatens and over rides the existing rights of workers,farmers and other communities to be affected by SEZs. Weare also concerned about the huge costs to the stateexchequer as well as the economy of this country as a resultof concessions provided to Private Corporations under theSEZ legislation and policy.
Therefore, we once again firmly demand that to ensureindustrial and economic development which is sustainable,equitable and democratic, the SEZ Act be thoroughlyreviewed. We demand:
� A moratorium on further approvals of SEZ
� An independent review of the functioning ofexisting SEZs vis a vis stated objectives asrecommended by the Parliamentary StandingCommittee in its 83rd Report. Public audit of SEZsshould be conducted through public consultationsand hearings as a part of this
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A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
� In areas where there have been protests againstapproved and notified SEZs, the projects must becancelled or de-notified and land acquisitionsalready made should be annulled.
� The ultimate move should be a repeal of thislegislation because of its un-constitutional nature
We demand that the democratically elected governmentstarts responding to the interests of its citizens and peoplethan to those of companies and developers.
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 27 :
VIII. SIGNATORIES
1. Sez Virodhi Manch, Goa2. SEZ-Virodhi Sangharsh Samiti, Raigad, Maharashtra3. Campaign Against Special Economic Zones (Sirapu
Porulaathara Mandala Edirappu Iyyakkam), TamilNadu
4. Karavali Karnataka Janaabhivriddhi Vedike,Mangalore
5. Matru Bhoomi Raksha Sangharsh Samiti, Gagret,Himachal Pradesh
6. Karnataka Domestic workers Union and NAPMKarnataka
7. Nadi Ghati Morcha, Chhattisgarh8. A.P. Agricultural Workers Union and NAPM
Andhra Pradesh9. Kisan Sangharsh Samiti, Madhya Pradesh10. Azaadi Bachao Andolan11. National Alliance for People’s Movements12. Thanal, Kerala13. River Basin Friends, North East14. Mamata Dash, National Forum for Forest People and
Forest Workers15. Preeti Sampat, Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan16. Ashok Agarwal, Supreme Court Lawyer, New delhi17. Ashim Jain, Bangalore18. Rohit Jain, Shruti, New Delhi19. Asit Das20. Meher Engineer21. Amita BaviskarAssociate Professor, Institute of
Economic Growth, Delhi University22. Shiva Chandra Dhakal, Assistant Professor, School
of Social Work23. Centre for Community Organisation and
Development Practice24. Tata Institute of Social Sciences25. Arun Kumar, Professor, JNU,
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A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
26. Yamini Atmavilas, Associate Professor and Chair,Gender Studies, Centre for Human Development
27. Satish K. Jain, Professor of Economics, Centre forEconomic Studies and Planning, JNU
28. Pradeep Esteves, Conext india, Bangalore29. Aseem Sirvastava, Economist and Writer30. Rajesh Ramakrishnan, New Delhi31. Kamal Chenoy, Professor, JNU32. Vijayan MJ, Delhi Forum33. Harsh Kapoor, South Asia Citizens Web34. Lakshmanan, Assistant Professor, MIDS, Chennai35. Clifton and Sidharth Narrain, Alternative Law
Forum, Bangalore36. Priyanca Mathur Velath, Ph.D Candidate, Centre for
the Study of Law and Governance, Jawaharlal NehruUniversity
37. Ashish Ghosh, New Delhi38. James Pochurry, Action Aid, New Delhi39. Wilfred D, General Secretary, Indian Social Action
Forum (INSAF)40. S. Parasuraman, Director, Tata Institute of Social
Sciences41. Trilochan Sastry, Professor and Dean (Academic),
Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore42. Swapna Banerjee-Guha, Professor of Development
StudiesSchool of Social Sciences, Tata Institute of Social Sciences,
Mumbai, India43. Ramaswamy Iyer, New Delhi44. Atul Chokshi, Professor, Department of Materials
Engineering, Indian Institute of Science45. Nagesh Hegde, Bangalore46. Deepak Malghan, Assistant Professor, Centre for
Public PolicyIndian Institute of Management Bangalore
47. Manshi Asher, Environment Research and ActionCollective, Himachal Pradesh
48. intercultural resources, New Delhi
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 29 :
IX. QUESTIONS FORPARLIAMENTARIANS
1. The Report of the Committee on State AgrarianRelations and Unfinished Task of Land, Ministry ofRural Development, Government of India, NewDelhi, 2008, has raised several concerns with regardsto SEZs especially in relation to land grab anddispossession. What has been or will be the courseof action of the MoRD with relation to this report?
2. In response to the 83rd report of the ParliamentaryStanding Committee on Commerce on the‘Functioning of SEZs’, the ATR 87th report wassubmitted to the Rajya Sabha on 24th October 2008by the Ministry of Commerce. What has been thefollow up to this by the newly appointedParliamentary Standing Committee? Have theconcerns of the 83rd report been addressed in theATR and discussed in the Parliament?
3. The Comptroller and Auditor General of India’s(CAG) Union Audit Report 2007 outlined that someexisting SEZs are operating within a system thatenables the government to forego tax revenue.Tabled in the Parliament on 11 March 2008, the CAGreport brought 370 SEZ units under scanner with alimited objective to verify if they had complied withexisting Customs Act, Rules, notifications etc. Thereview brought out systemic as well as complianceweaknesses that caused lost revenues. What followup has been undertaken in this regard, includingdiscussions in the parliament and what action hasbeen taken?
4. Does the Ministry of Commerce have anymechanism of independent assessment of the successof exports, employment in SEZs? Does the Ministryof Commerce have a sector wise and SEZ-wisedisaggregated data to show that SEZs establishedafter the passing of the SEZ act have been successful?The Ministry of Commerce should present this data.
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A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
5. It has been five years since the SEZ Act 2005 waspassed and almost 10 years since the policy wasevolved. Does the Ministry of Commerce have anyindependent or scientific study to prove that SEZshave been successful in fulfilling their objectives
6. Does the Ministry of Commerce have disaggregateddata on the Net Foreign Exchange earned by SEZs?If yes, the MoC should present this data from thelast ten years for each of the SEZs. If not, then canthe MOC clarify on what basis it proclaims that SEZshave been successful in fulfilling their objectives?
7. Can the MoC present the total number of SEZs andlist of SEZs that have applied for denotification orwithdrawal of approvals? Does the MoC have aguideline on what happens to the land that is inpossession of developers who have decided towithdraw from the SEZ?
8. Can the Ministry of Commerce enlist cases wherethe SEZ proposal was denied approval on thegrounds that the landowners were unwilling to partwith the land?
9. Despite the guidelines of the EGoM with referenceto no forced acquisition of land for SEZs, there areseveral SEZs where the Land Acquisition Act 1894is being used. What action has the Ministry ofCommerce taken in ensuring that the EGoMguideline is complied with?
10. Does the Ministry of Commerce have figures of thetotal land actually acquired for and diverted to SEZsin the last five years and the various categories ofland state wise? The MoC should present this data
11. Does the Ministry of Finance have the latest data onlosses to State as well as Central Revenuedepartments due to exemptions and subsidiesgranted to SEZs in that last five years? Data to bepresented.
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 31 :
X. REFERENCE LIST/ WEBRESOURCES
1. SEZs: One More Anti-Bharat Act by India ArunKumar, Mainstream April, 27-May 3, 2007. Pp. 11 –18
2. SEZs: A catalogue of questions, Aseem Srivastava,http://infochangeindia.org/200702036051/Trade-Development/Analysis/SEZs-A-catalogue-of-questions.html
3. Seminar, February 2008, Special Economic ZonesCul-de-sac http://www.india-seminar.com/
4. 83rd report of the parliamentary standing committeeon commerce ‘on the functioning of SpecialEconomic Zones’http://164.100.47.5:8080/newcommittee/reports/E n g l i s h C o m m i t t e e s / C o m m i t t e e % 2 0 o n %20Commerce/Report%20SEZ1.htm
5. 87th report of the parliamentary standing committeeon commerce on Action taken by Government onthe recommendations/observations of thecommittee contained in its 83rd reporthttp://164.100.47.5:8080/newcommittee/reports/E n g l i s h C o m m i t t e e s / C o m m i t t e e % 2 0 o n %20Commerce/87th%20report.htm
6. Comptroller Auditor General’s reports on SEZs
7. In the Name of Growth: The Politics and Economicof SEZs in India, Shankar Gopalakrishnan, Councilfor Social Development, http://sanhati.com/articles/228/
8. Ministry of Commerce’s Official Website on SEZshttp://www.sezindia.nic.in/
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A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
9. Special Economic Zones: Profits At Any Cost By C.R.Bijoy, 22 October, 2007, Countercurrents.org
10. People’s Memorandum Against Special SEZs, 2006
11. Letter to the Empowered Group of Ministers, 2007
12. People’s Delegation Meets Ministry of Commerceon SEZs http://www.ncasindia.org/public/whatnew/sez/press_release.pdf
13. Public Price of Success: Nokia SEZ, http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/content/nokia-sez-public-price-success
14. Citizens Research Collective against SEZssez.icrindia.org/
15. The Special Economic Zones Act 2005
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 33 :
XI.
ST
RU
GG
LE
S A
GA
INS
T S
EZ
S A
CR
OS
S IN
DIA
AFT
ER
TH
E S
EZ
AC
T 2
005
AN
DH
RA
PR
AD
ES
H
Dis
tric
tL
oca
tio
n/
Vill
ages
Dev
elo
per
Dat
e &
sta
tus
Ap
pro
val
Lan
d A
rea
invo
lved
Co
mm
un
ity
Aff
ecte
dK
ey is
sues
of
con
cern
/
dem
and
sS
tatu
s o
n t
he
gro
un
d
Mah
bubn
agar
Eas
t G
odav
ari
Vis
hakh
apat
nam
Pol
epal
ly
Kak
inad
a
Ach
utta
pura
m
and
Pam
pilli
Man
dals
AP
IIC
GM
R
AP
IIC
App
rove
d in
Mid
-200
7
16-M
ay-0
6
For
mal
App
rova
l
300
Acr
es
acqu
ired
so
far,
out
of t
he
tota
l 100
0
Acr
es
10,0
00 A
cres
(15
Vill
ages
will
be
tota
lly
disp
lace
d)
2200
Hec
tare
s
Far
mer
s
belo
ng to
ST
,
SC
, BC
&
Min
oriti
es
Far
mer
s,
land
less
labo
ur,
fishe
rfol
k, S
C,
ST
, BC
Kaa
pu,
Che
ttipa
liya,
Vel
amm
as
and
SC
and
ST
s.
1)
La
nd
acq
uir
ed
on
th
e
wro
ng
pre
text
. 2
) F
arm
ers
wer
e pa
id a
ppro
xim
atel
y R
s.
1600
0, w
hile
the
AP
IIC is
re-
selli
ng a
t R
s. 1
2,00
,000
Per
Acr
e.
1) F
ertil
e la
nd b
eing
acq
uire
d
by a
pri
vate
pro
mot
er K
V
Rao
. 2)
Gov
t. O
ffici
als
are
coer
cing
the
loc
als.
3)
Sev
-
eral
act
ivis
ts a
nd fa
rmer
s ar
e
impl
icat
ed i
n va
rious
cas
es.
4) A
ppro
xim
ate
com
pens
a-
tion
rece
ived
is
a m
ere
Rs.
3,00
,000
/-
1) T
he A
PIIC
is d
evel
opin
g a
text
ile S
EZ
in t
wo
phas
es,
in
two
Man
dals
: A
chut
tapu
ram
an
d P
am
pill
i, 2
) T
he
are
a
com
pris
es o
f 32
vill
ages
of
farm
ing
co
mm
un
itie
s,
of
whi
ch fi
ve
villa
ges
belo
ng to
fishi
ng c
omm
uniti
es. 3
) All
the
land
is fe
rtile
, with
mul
tiple
Co
nst
ruct
ion
of
SE
Z h
as
be
gu
n.
Fa
rme
rs
are
inte
nsify
ing
the
stru
ggle
; the
Gov
t. is
try
ing
to b
ribe
the
farm
ers
in a
n ef
fort
to p
acify
them
.
So
me
att
em
pts
are
be
ing
mad
e by
the
pro
mot
ers
to
fenc
e th
e la
nd.
Far
mer
s ar
e
seve
rely
res
istin
g th
is.
Land
Acq
uisi
tion
for
Pha
se-I
wa
s in
itia
ted
in
Ju
ly 2
00
6
wh
en
LA
A n
oti
ces
we
re
issu
ed fo
r 800
0 ac
res
of la
nd.
Thi
s ha
s be
en d
one
with
out
com
plet
e re
habi
litat
ion.
The
Pha
se-I
I la
nd a
cqui
sitio
n is
be
ing
o
pp
ose
d
–
Th
e
: 34 :
A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
Nel
lore
Ran
ga R
eddy
Tad
a M
anda
l:
N.M
.
Kan
drik
a,
Chi
na
Mam
battu
and
Ped
a
Mam
battu
ham
lets
of
Chi
na
Mam
battu
Gra
m
Pan
chay
at
Apa
che
Foo
twea
r
(Tai
wan
)
AP
IIC f
or
Geo
rgia
Tec
h
8th
Aug
ust,
2006
Not
yet
appr
oved
34
0 a
cre
s o
f
villa
ge
co
m-
mon
land
& 7
0
acre
s of
tem
ple
lan
d f
rom
th
e
en
do
wm
en
ts
de
pa
rtm
en
t;
500
acre
s fr
om
the
loca
l Gra
m
Pa
nch
aya
t —
Ch
in
a
Mam
battu
. P
ri-
vate
ind
ustr
ial-
ists
pur
chas
ed
an
oth
er
10
0
acr
es
of
ag
ri-
cultu
ral
land
in
the
vici
nity
.
250
acre
s
Wea
vers
,
shep
herd
s,
barb
ers,
was
herm
en
and
wom
en
and
Yan
adi
trib
als
crop
far
min
g, a
cqui
red
by
forc
e. T
he fa
rmer
s w
ere
paid
Rs
2.95
lak
hs p
er a
cre
as
com
pens
atio
n fo
r th
e fir
st
phas
e.
4) In
adeq
uate
reh
a-
bilit
atio
n m
easu
res,
mea
sly
com
pens
atio
n an
d as
a r
e-
sult
all
land
is
yet
to b
e va
-
cate
d.
1) Y
anad
is,
who
dep
end
on
natu
ral a
nd c
omm
unity
pro
p-
erty
reso
urce
s, a
re in
elig
ible
to re
ceiv
e an
y co
mpe
nsat
ion
for t
he d
ispl
acem
ent c
ause
d
by th
e S
EZ
bec
ause
they
do
not
own
any
land
. 2)
Loc
als
have
not
bee
n gi
ven
jobs
and
educ
atio
nal o
ppor
tuni
ties.
SE
Z a
ppro
ved
in t
he g
uise
of a
Uni
vers
ity w
here
as
the
orig
inal
pur
pose
is f
or c
om-
mer
cial
use
affe
cted
peo
ple
have
file
d a
case
in
the
AP
Hig
h C
ourt
.
Uni
vers
ity s
late
d to
beg
in
oper
atio
ns la
te th
is y
ear.
Wai
ting
for
amen
dmen
t of
law
on
priv
ate
univ
ersi
ties
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 35 :
PU
NJA
B
Dis
tric
tL
oca
tio
n/
Vill
ages
Dev
elo
per
Dat
e &
sta
tus
Ap
pro
val
Lan
d A
rea
invo
lved
Co
mm
un
ity
Aff
ecte
dK
ey is
sues
of
con
cern
/
dem
and
sS
tatu
s o
n t
he
gro
un
d
Am
ritsa
r D
LF F
orm
al
App
rova
l
1200
acr
esJa
t, S
ikh
Far
mer
s,
Land
less
labo
ur
On
16
th A
ug
ust
20
06
, th
e
Sec
tion
4 no
tice
was
iss
ued
for
the
acqu
isiti
on o
f 12
18
acr
es
of
lan
d.
7 v
illa
ge
s -
Ch
ee
tey,
Ra
ipu
r, P
an
do
ri,
Ma
him
a,
Pa
khu
V
ala
,
Che
etey
Khu
rd, R
akch
eete
y.
All
the
land
to
be a
cqui
red
was
fer
tile
and
irrig
ated
and
wou
ld a
ffect
a p
opul
atio
n of
2600
0 pe
ople
. T
he m
arke
t
rate
of
the
land
var
ied
from
Rs
40 l
akh
to a
cro
re.
The
Gov
t. o
ffere
d on
ly R
s. 8
to
13 la
khs.
80%
of t
he la
nd lo
s-
ers
wer
e sm
all f
arm
ers
Hug
e pr
otes
t/agi
tatio
ns l
ed
by B
hara
t K
isan
Uni
on E
kta
till
the
notif
icat
ion
for
Land
Acq
uisi
tion
was
with
draw
n
9th
Feb
ruar
y 20
07
: 36 :
A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic ZonesG
OA
Dis
tric
tL
oca
tio
n/
Vill
ages
Dev
elo
per
Dat
e &
sta
tus
Ap
pro
val
Lan
d A
rea
invo
lved
Co
mm
un
ity
Aff
ecte
dK
ey is
sues
of
con
cern
/
dem
and
sS
tatu
s o
n t
he
gro
un
d
Ker
im
Ver
na
San
coal
e
Tal
uka-
Pon
da
Ver
na
Indu
stria
l
Est
ate
Tal
-
Mor
mug
ao
Med
itab
Spe
cial
ties
Pvt
. Lt
d.
K R
ahej
as
Cor
p P
vt. L
td
Pen
insu
la
Res
earc
h
Cen
tre
Pvt
Ltd
Not
ified
vid
e
541(
E)
on
10th
Apr
il
2007
Not
ified
on
10th
Jul
y, 0
7
For
mal
App
rova
l
123.
2 ha
105.
91 h
a
20.3
65 h
a
La
nd
Acq
uis
itio
n b
y G
IDC
and
tran
sfer
to
SE
Z w
as i
n
done
has
te w
ithou
t pr
oper
proc
edur
al f
orm
aliti
es;
land
was
ear
lier
decl
ared
for
uni
-
vers
ity p
urpo
se
Indu
stri
al e
stat
e du
ring
the
4th
phas
e la
nd w
as a
cqui
red
for i
ndus
tria
l pur
pose
, but
was
hand
ed o
ver
to S
EZ
with
out
auct
ion.
Lan
d tr
ansf
erre
d to
SE
Z a
t a
muc
h lo
wer
pric
e,
even
less
than
the
pric
e G
IDC
had
purc
hase
d.
Com
pany
was
not
eve
n re
g-
iste
red
at th
e tim
e of
its
appl
i-
catio
n.
Go
vt.
allo
tte
d l
an
d
whe
n th
e co
mpa
ny h
ad n
ot
even
app
lied
for
SE
Z.
The
land
allo
tted
was
mor
e th
an
com
pa
ny'
s d
em
an
d.
Allo
t-
men
t was
don
e in
has
te w
ith-
out
prop
er p
roce
dure
s.
Land
Acq
uire
d by
GID
C b
ut
proj
ect i
s on
hol
d by
the
stat
e
Gov
t. , T
he n
otifi
catio
n m
ight
be c
ance
lled
Land
Acq
uire
d by
GID
C b
ut
proj
ect i
s on
hol
d by
the
stat
e
Gov
t. . T
he n
otifi
catio
n m
ight
be c
ance
lled
Land
Acq
uire
d by
GID
C b
ut
proj
ect i
s on
hol
d by
the
stat
e
Gov
t. . T
he n
otifi
catio
n m
ight
be c
ance
lled
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 37 :
Dis
tric
tL
oca
tio
n/
Vill
ages
Dev
elo
per
Dat
e &
sta
tus
Ap
pro
val
Lan
d A
rea
invo
lved
Co
mm
un
ity
Aff
ecte
dK
ey is
sues
of
con
cern
/
dem
and
sS
tatu
s o
n t
he
gro
un
d
Ver
na
Ver
na
Ver
na
Ver
na
Indu
stria
l
Est
ate
Ver
na
Indu
stria
l
Est
ate
Ver
na
Indu
stria
l
Est
ate
Pla
net
view
Mer
cant
ile
Com
pany
Lim
ited
Inox
Mer
cant
ile
Com
pany
Priv
ate
Lim
ited
Par
adig
m
Logi
stic
s &
Dis
trib
utio
n
Pvt
Ltd
For
mal
App
rova
l
For
mal
App
rova
l
For
mal
App
rova
l
13.2
8 ha
48.4
8 ha
40.2
5 ha
Inco
mpl
ete
appl
icat
ion
form
,
but
land
was
allo
tted.
Man
y
issu
es
in t
ype
of
SE
Z i
n
proj
ect
prop
osal
. T
wo
diffe
r-
ent p
urpo
ses
are
men
tione
d.
No
va
lid d
iscl
osu
re a
bo
ut
com
pany
det
ails
.
Inco
mpl
ete
appl
icat
ion
form
,
but
land
is
still
allo
tted,
lan
d
allo
tted
is m
ore
than
requ
ired.
Allo
tted
land
and
its
deve
lop-
men
t has
issu
es
Land
Acq
uire
d by
GID
C b
ut
proj
ect i
s on
hol
d
Land
Acq
uire
d by
GID
C b
ut
proj
ect i
s on
hol
d
Land
Acq
uire
d by
GID
C b
ut
proj
ect i
s on
hol
d
: 38 :
A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic ZonesG
UJA
RA
T
Dis
tric
tL
oca
tio
n/
Vill
ages
Dev
elo
per
Dat
e &
sta
tus
Ap
pro
val
Lan
d A
rea
invo
lved
Co
mm
un
ity
Aff
ecte
dK
ey is
sues
of
con
cern
/
dem
and
sS
tatu
s o
n t
he
gro
un
d
Jam
naga
r
Mun
dra
Vill
age
and
Tal
uka
Vill
ages
Tun
da a
nd
Sira
cha,
Tal
uka
Mun
dra
Mun
dra
Por
t
and
SE
Z
limite
d
Ada
ni P
ower
Priv
ate
Ltd
Rel
ianc
e
Infr
astr
uctu
re
Ltd
Not
ified
on
2nd
May
,
2008
Not
ified
on
10th
May
2007
Not
ified
on
19th
Apr
il,
2006
and
on
4th
June
,
2007
1074
-17-
55
ha 293-
88-1
0 ha
1764
.137
ha
Gra
zin
g
gro
un
ds
of
the
Rab
ari c
omm
unity
dep
ende
nt
on c
attle
rea
ring
dive
rted
Dis
pute
s on
com
pens
atio
n fo
r
the
land
acq
uire
d; p
ollu
tion
in
perip
hera
l la
nds;
den
otifi
ed
Mar
ine
Nat
iona
l P
ark;
cor
al
reef
des
truc
tion
Cas
e fil
ed in
the
Hig
h C
ourt
on b
lock
ing
of c
reek
s as
a
resu
lt of
the
cons
truc
tion
and
ma
ng
rove
d
est
ruct
ion
;
Com
plai
nt t
o th
e M
oEF
and
For
est
Adv
isor
y C
omm
ittee
on
ma
ng
rove
de
stru
ctio
n;
Co
mp
an
y st
ill
aw
ait
ing
dive
rsio
n of
157
2 he
ctar
es o
f
fore
st
lan
d;
Co
ast
al
Reg
ulat
ion
Zon
e C
lear
ance
s
pend
ing
Pro
ject
C
on
stru
ctio
n
Com
plet
ed
Pro
ject
is f
unct
iona
l; bu
t th
e
farm
ers
are
mob
ilizi
ng.
The
Su
pre
me
Co
urt
re
ject
ed
revi
ew
o
f co
mp
en
sati
on
amou
nts
Wag
her
Mus
-
lims
Ra
ba
ris
an
d
othe
rs
Fa
rme
rs a
nd
ag
ric
ult
ura
l
labo
urer
s
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 39 :
Dis
tric
tL
oca
tio
n/
Vill
ages
Dev
elo
per
Dat
e &
sta
tus
Ap
pro
val
Lan
d A
rea
invo
lved
Co
mm
un
ity
Aff
ecte
dK
ey is
sues
of
con
cern
/
dem
and
sS
tatu
s o
n t
he
gro
un
d
Bha
vnag
ar
Bha
ruch
Dho
lera
,
Dha
nduk
a
Vill
age
Dah
ej,
Am
bhet
a,
Luva
ra,
Suv
a
Lakh
igam
and
Jage
shw
ar in
Tal
uke
Vag
ra,
Ada
ni G
roup
Dah
ej S
EZ
Lim
ited
(GID
C)
In p
rinci
ple
App
rova
l
Not
ified
on
20th
Dec
embe
r
2006
1000
ha
1718
-93-
87
ha
Tid
al
fla
t a
rea
; g
razi
ng
gro
un
ds
fo
r ca
me
ls a
nd
catt
le;
priv
ate
purc
hase
by
mid
dle
men
and
spe
cula
tion
is h
igh
Po
lluti
on
fr
om
e
xist
ing
ind
ust
rie
s;
gro
un
d
wa
ter
extr
actio
n ha
s re
duce
d w
ater
leve
l. A
rou
nd
16
vill
ag
es
havi
ng 4
000
hous
ehol
ds f
all
in t
he 1
2 k.
m.
radi
us o
f th
e
SE
Z a
rea.
Mor
e th
an 5
0% o
f
the
land
in t
he a
rea
is u
nder
culti
vatio
n. T
he m
ain
crop
s in
the
area
are
whe
at,
cotto
n,
lent
ils, a
nd m
ango
and
chi
koo
gro
ves.
M
an
gro
ves
are
spre
ad o
ver
an a
rea
of 2
45
hect
ares
whi
le t
he e
xist
ing
ind
ust
rie
s,
ove
r 1
26
4
he
cta
res.
S
alt
p
an
s a
re
spre
ad o
ver
a la
rge
area
En
viro
nm
en
t C
lea
ran
ce
be
ing
q
ue
stio
ne
d
by
En
viro
nm
en
t g
rou
ps
as
a
resu
lt of
pro
xim
ity t
o B
lack
Buc
k S
anct
uary
(V
elav
adar
)
Som
e fa
rmer
s ar
e at
tem
ptin
g
to r
ais
e i
ssu
es
esp
. w
ith
sard
ar s
arov
ar c
anal
com
ing
into
the
area
to p
rovi
de w
ater
for
indu
strie
s an
d S
EZ
Jath
s a
nd
Bha
rwad
s
Ag
ari
ya (
salt
pan
wor
kers
)
and
farm
ers
: 40 :
A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic ZonesS
urat
Sur
at
Ichh
apor
Haz
ira
Guj
arat
Hira
Bou
rse
(Gem
s an
d
Jew
elle
ry)
Ess
ar S
teel
Not
ified
on
20th
Jul
y
2007
Not
ified
on
28th
Sep
tem
ber
2006
73-8
7-97
ha
247.
5222
ha
Land
allo
tted
at m
uch
low
er
pric
e th
an th
e m
arke
t. P
roje
ct
was
not
SE
Z in
200
7 bu
t go
t
SE
Z
sta
tus
late
r.
La
nd
acq
uir
ed
25
ye
ars
be
fore
unde
r com
puls
ory
acqu
isiti
on
& k
ept u
nuse
d by
GID
C. L
oss
of
loca
l e
mp
loym
en
t in
all
thes
e ye
ars.
Soc
ial i
mpa
cts
Lo
ss
of
lan
ds
use
d
for
veg
eta
ble
fa
rmin
g
an
d
agri
cultu
re;
loss
of
graz
ing
grou
nds;
acc
ess
to t
he s
ea
lost
; pol
lutio
n; in
unda
tion
due
to
con
stru
ctio
n;
salin
ity;
prob
lem
of
mig
rant
lab
our
-
wom
en f
acin
g th
e br
unt
of
risi
ng
cri
min
al
act
ivit
ies;
Fur
ther
dis
plac
emen
t lik
ely
as
a re
sult
of e
xpan
sion
Land
allo
tted
Ste
el
Pla
nt
is
be
ing
exp
an
de
d
- N
o
pro
test
mo
vem
en
t so
fa
r a
s th
e
com
pany
has
tot
al c
ontr
ol
over
the
Gra
m P
anch
ayat
Kha
lasi
s,
Hal
patis
(dal
its)
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 41 :
HA
RY
AN
A
Dis
tric
tL
oca
tio
n/
Vill
ages
Dev
elo
per
Dat
e &
sta
tus
Ap
pro
val
Lan
d A
rea
invo
lved
Co
mm
un
ity
Aff
ecte
dK
ey i
ssu
es o
f co
nce
rn/d
eman
ds
Gur
gaon
Jhaj
jar
+
Gur
gaon
Rel
ianc
eF
orm
al
App
rova
l
Gur
gaon
(44
0
hect
ares
), I
n
prin
cipl
e
App
rova
l
Jhaj
jar
(500
0
hect
ares
)
2500
0 ac
res
A jo
int v
entu
re b
etw
een
Rel
ianc
e V
en-
ture
s Lt
d an
d th
e H
SIID
C w
as s
igne
d
on J
une
19,
2006
, fo
r se
tting
up
a
Mul
ti-pr
oduc
t Meg
a S
peci
al E
cono
mic
Zon
e ov
er 2
5,00
0 ac
res
in G
urga
on-
Jhaj
jar
in H
arya
na (
that
was
late
r bi
-
furc
ated
into
two
SE
Zs
- 12
,500
acr
es
at
Gu
rga
on
an
d 1
2,5
00
acr
es
at
Jha
jjar)
. T
he
HS
IID
C c
on
trib
ute
d
1,08
6 ac
res
from
its
land
ban
k. S
ince
mos
t of
the
lan
d is
agr
icul
tura
l an
d
fert
ile th
e co
mpa
ny a
nd H
SIID
C h
ave
face
d se
vere
agi
tatio
ns b
y fa
rmer
s fo
r
the
last
two
year
s. R
elia
nce
clai
ms
that
it ha
s pu
rcha
sed
an a
dditi
onal
800
0
acr
es.
Ne
ar
the
Ku
nd
li-M
an
esa
r-
Pa
lwa
l e
xpre
ssw
ay
in G
urg
ao
n,
a
larg
e nu
mbe
r of
fam
ilies
are
aga
inst
the
tran
sfer
of 1
,395
acr
es o
f lan
d ac
-
quire
d by
the
HS
IIDC
. T
he f
arm
ers'
poin
ts o
f op
posi
tion
are:
the
acq
uisi
-
tion
of fe
rtile
land
cou
pled
with
insu
ffi-
cien
t com
pens
atio
n of
abo
ut 1
5 to
20
lakh
an
acr
e w
hic
h i
s n
ow
wo
rth
cror
es.
The
far
mer
s ar
e al
so n
ot s
at-
isfie
d w
ith th
e st
ate
Gov
ernm
ent's
as-
sura
nce
to e
ach
fam
ily a
bout
giv
ing
them
jobs
in th
ese
SE
Zs.
Initi
ally
, th
e H
SIID
C h
ad p
aid
com
pens
atio
n ra
tes
vary
ing
from
15
to 2
0 la
kh a
n ac
re,
the
com
pany
is n
ow o
fferin
g
ab
ou
t 3
8 l
akh
s a
n a
cre
.
Pro
pe
rty
pri
ces
ha
ve
incr
ease
d ov
er th
e pa
st tw
o-
an
d-a
-ha
lf-ye
ars
. F
arn
ers
are
no
t sa
tisf
ied
wit
h t
he
rate
s gi
ven
by R
elia
nce.
The
land
ow
ners
who
hav
e no
t
sold
th
e
lan
d
yet
are
dem
andi
ng a
roun
d on
e cr
ore
rup
ee
s p
er
acr
e.
In J
uly
2008
, a
Mah
apan
chay
at w
as
calle
d b
y H
ary
an
a K
isa
n
Ma
zdo
or
Bh
oo
mi
Ba
cha
o
San
ghar
sh S
amiti
to
prot
est
agai
nst t
he p
olic
e ba
rric
adin
g
in th
e ar
ea. T
he h
eavy
pol
ice
pre
sen
ce h
as
cre
ate
d a
sen
se o
f fe
ar
am
on
g t
he
villa
gers
.
Raj
puts
,
dalit
s, a
nd
agric
ultu
ral
labo
urer
s
(mig
rant
s
Sta
tus
on
th
e g
rou
nd
: 42 :
A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic ZonesH
IMA
CH
AL
PR
AD
ES
H
Dis
tric
tL
oca
tio
n/
Vill
ages
Dev
elo
per
Dat
e &
sta
tus
Ap
pro
val
Lan
d A
rea
invo
lved
Co
mm
un
ity
Aff
ecte
dK
ey i
ssu
es o
f co
nce
rn/d
eman
ds
Una
Gag
ret
SK
IL
Infr
astr
uctu
re
(Airp
ort
and
Mul
ti pr
oduc
t
SE
Z)
In p
rinci
ple
App
rova
l33
20 h
a.Lo
ss o
f ag
ricul
ture
lan
ds (
fert
ile a
nd
doub
le c
ropp
ed);
Mis
info
rmat
ion
Cam
-
paig
n by
the
Gov
t. -
no
clar
ity o
n th
e
exac
t ar
ea a
nd s
tatu
s of
lan
d to
be
acqu
ired
Ma
tru
Bh
oo
mi
Sa
ng
ars
h
Sa
mit
i -
loca
l p
eo
ple
's
mov
emen
t is
opp
osin
g th
e
proj
ect;
Sur
vey
cond
ucte
d by
the
Go
vt.
ha
s in
corr
ect
info
rmat
ion
abou
t th
e ar
ea
an
d a
ffe
cte
d h
ou
seh
old
s;
Fre
sh S
urve
y an
noun
ced;
In
prin
cipl
e ap
prov
al r
enew
ed
first
gra
nted
in
2006
- n
ow
rene
wed
Far
mer
s
Sta
tus
on
th
e g
rou
nd
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 43 :
KA
RN
AT
AK
A
Dis
tric
t
Man
galo
re,
Dak
shin
a
Kan
nada
Nan
dagu
di
Bid
adi
Str
on
g
ag
ita
tio
n
on
th
e
grou
nd. P
ostc
ard
cam
paig
n,
stre
et
pro
test
s,
mem
oran
dum
s, a
war
enes
s
pro
gra
ms
for
pa
nch
aya
ts,
tele
vise
d de
bate
s, a
rtic
les
in
tele
visi
on a
nd m
ass
med
ia.
18
00
acr
es
ha
ve a
lre
ad
y
been
acq
uire
d.
Far
mer
s no
t yet
app
roac
hed
by
de
velo
pe
r.
S
till
in
pla
nn
ing
sta
ge
. P
rote
sts
have
bee
n on
goin
g in
clud
ing
pe
titi
on
s to
th
e
Ch
ief
Min
iste
r.
Lo
cati
on
/ V
illag
esD
evel
op
er
Kud
ibi P
avad
u,
Moo
dbid
ri ta
luka
and
othe
rs
Ben
galu
ru R
ural
Ban
diko
dige
halli
,K
anch
ugra
naha
lli,
Bai
ram
anga
la,
B.
K.
Pal
ya,
Sin
gaha
lli,
Gol
laha
lli a
ndot
her
villa
ges
KIA
DB
(26
%),
KC
CI
(2%
),
MR
PL-
ON
GC
(23%
, IL
FS
(Inf
rast
ruct
ure
Leas
ing
and
Fin
ance
Ser
vice
s) (
49%
)
SK
IL
Infr
astr
uctu
re
Bid
adi
Inte
grat
ed
Tow
nshi
p
Lan
d A
rea
invo
lved
Co
mm
un
ity
Aff
ecte
dK
ey is
sues
of
con
cern
/
dem
and
s
Land
whi
ch h
ad b
een
notif
ied
for
the
p
roje
ct
sho
uld
b
e
imm
edia
tely
de-
notif
ied.
The
SE
Z p
rom
oter
sho
uld
buy
land
from
onl
y th
ose
will
ing
to s
ell
it. T
he fa
rmer
s de
man
d sp
ecia
l
pa
cka
ge
s to
pre
serv
e t
he
reg
ion
's
ag
ricu
ltu
re
an
d
envi
ronm
ent.
Man
galo
re S
EZ
is lo
cate
d ju
st 5
km
aw
ay fr
om
the
Ma
ng
alo
re I
nte
rna
tion
al
Airp
ort.
Fer
tile,
pro
duct
ive
land
, ri
ch
villa
ges.
Act
ive
culti
vatio
n in
the
are
a.
Su
pp
lies
30
%
of
Ba
ng
alo
re's
ve
ge
tab
les
&
da
iry.
L
an
d s
ho
uld
no
t b
e
take
n aw
ay fr
om fa
rmer
s. C
ash
com
pe
nsa
tio
n w
ill n
ot
he
lp
farm
ers
as t
hey
do n
ot k
now
how
to s
ave
or r
einv
est i
t.
The
pur
pose
of
acqu
isiti
on b
y
the
Gov
t. is
not
men
tione
d in
the
pre
limin
ary
no
tifi
cati
on
ord
er
issu
ed
to
fa
rme
rs.
Far
mer
s w
ant
a fa
ir pa
ckag
e
for
the
land
acq
uire
d.
Far
mer
s,
agric
ultu
ral
labo
rers
,
Chr
istia
ns,
dalit
s, a
nd
Kud
ubi
trib
als;
Far
mer
s,
dairy
far
mer
s,
horti
cultu
ralis
ts,
seric
ultu
rists
,
agric
ultu
ral
labo
ur a
nd
dalit
fam
ilies
Far
mer
s,
agric
ultu
ral
labo
urer
s
Dat
e &
sta
tus
App
rova
l
6th
Nov
.
2007
12th
Jul
y
2007
In 2
006
Tot
al 3
756
acre
s of
land
req
uire
d; 1
800
acqu
ired,
203
5
bein
g so
ught
;
Baj
pe,
Kal
avar
,
Bal
a, 6
2-T
hoku
r,
Per
mud
e,
Kut
heth
oor,
The
nka
Yek
kar,
Del
anth
a B
ettu
in
Man
galo
re T
aluk
a
12
,35
0 a
cre
s re
-q
uir
ed
: th
e s
tate
Go
vt.
h
as
on
ly4
,74
5 a
cre
s o
f its
ow
n
an
d
the
re
-m
aini
ng 7
,605
acr
esw
ill h
ave
to b
e ac
-q
uir
ed
fr
om
th
efa
rmer
s in
thos
e vi
l-la
ges;
36
villa
ges
Sta
tus
on
th
e g
rou
nd
: 44 :
A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic ZonesM
AH
AR
AS
HT
RA
Dis
tric
t
Rai
gad
Pun
e
Pun
e
Pun
e
10
% l
an
d i
s a
cqu
ire
d b
y
com
pa
ny
in
pri
vate
tran
sact
ion,
sta
te L
A i
s on
hold
, re
fere
ndum
is t
aken
in
22
vi
llag
es
on
2
1
st
of
Sep
tem
ber,
rep
ort
yet
to b
e
disc
lose
d
LA is
don
e w
ith c
ompr
omis
e
on c
ompe
nsat
ion
in 2
005
LA is
on
hold
LA is
on
hold
Lo
cati
on
/ V
illag
esD
evel
op
er
Pen
, U
ran,
Pan
vel
Vill
Man
n, T
al
Mul
shi,
Lona
vala
Vill
age
Gul
ani,
Dis
tric
t P
une
Mah
aMum
bai
SE
Z L
td -
(rel
ianc
e)
Info
sys
Tec
hnol
ogie
s
Lim
ited
(Raj
iv
Gan
dhi I
nfot
ech
Par
k, P
hase
-II)
M/s
. M
ahin
dra
Rea
lty
Dev
elop
ers
Ltd.
M/s
. B
hara
t
For
ge L
td.
Lan
d A
rea
invo
lved
Co
mm
un
ity
Aff
ecte
dK
ey is
sues
of
con
cern
/
dem
and
s
The
re a
re 4
5 vi
llage
s af
fect
ed
by
the
pro
ject
, o
f w
hic
h 2
2
villa
ge
s o
f P
en
fa
ll in
th
e
catc
hmen
t are
a of
the
Het
wan
e
irri
ga
tio
n
da
m.
Th
e
lan
d
acqu
ired
is v
ery
fert
ile, a
nd th
e
prox
imity
to
cree
k pe
rmits
ric
e
and
fish
culti
vatio
n.
Hig
her
com
pens
atio
n
Par
tly p
rivat
e pu
rcha
sed,
res
t
is u
nder
LA
, pro
cess
is o
n ha
lt
The
re a
re 1
4 vi
llage
s af
fect
ed
by t
he p
roje
ct,
in w
hich
the
re
are
4 vi
llage
s w
here
the
proj
ect
is o
n. T
here
is o
ppos
ition
to th
e
lan
d
acq
uis
itio
n.
Fe
rtile
,
irri
ga
ted
an
d s
elf
irr
iga
ted
agric
ultu
ral
land
. M
ain
crop
s
incl
ud
e p
ota
to,
tom
ato
an
d
othe
r ca
sh c
rops
Agr
is,
Kat
karis
Dat
e &
sta
tus
App
rova
l
In-p
rinci
ple
appr
oval
670(
E)
26th
Apr
il 20
07
In -
prin
cipl
e
App
rova
l
In-p
rinci
ple
App
rova
l
5000
ha
31.4
9 ha
1000
ha
2000
ha
Sta
tus
on
th
e g
rou
nd
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 45 :
Dis
tric
t
Pun
e
Nas
hik
Mum
bai
Nag
pur
LA
is
on
ho
ld,
pro
ject
is
can
celle
d/r
elo
cate
d u
nd
er
polit
ical
pre
ssur
e
LA is
on
hold
LA is
on
hold
Par
tly L
A is
don
e
Lo
cati
on
/ V
illag
esD
evel
op
er
Wag
holi
and
Loni
Khu
rd N
ear
Pun
e
Sin
ner
bloc
k,
Nas
hik
Gor
ai-M
anor
i
Reg
ion,
Mum
bai
Mih
an
Vid
eoco
n
Rea
lty a
nd
Infr
astr
uctu
re
Lim
ited
Indi
abul
ls
Indu
stria
l
Infr
astr
uctu
re
Lim
ited
M/s
. Pan
Indi
a
Par
yata
n Lt
d
Mah
aras
htra
Airp
ort
Dev
elop
men
t
Com
pany
Lim
ited
(MA
DC
)
Lan
d A
rea
invo
lved
Co
mm
un
ity
Aff
ecte
dK
ey i
ssu
es o
f co
nce
rn/d
eman
ds
Land
Acq
uisi
tion
by M
IDC
whi
ch h
as
alre
ady
acqu
ired
muc
h la
nd f
rom
the
area
for
ver
y lo
w c
ompe
nsat
ion'
2.
clos
e to
pun
e-ca
sh c
rops
cul
tivat
ion,
dairy
Land
Acq
uire
d by
MID
C a
t a
very
low
pric
e. T
he c
ompe
nsat
ion
is to
o lo
w.
La
nd
A
cqu
ire
d
ha
s m
an
y
envi
ronm
enta
l is
sues
and
affe
cts
the
cree
k's
ecol
ogy.
Los
s of
live
lihoo
d fo
r
the
com
mun
ity.
Fis
hing
, co
conu
t an
d
padd
y cu
ltiva
tion
are
the
mai
n so
urce
of in
com
e.
The
land
acq
uire
d is
fully
irrig
ated
. The
affe
cted
com
mun
ity is
bei
ng d
ispl
aced
for a
sec
ond
time.
Los
s of
live
lihoo
d du
e
to p
roxi
mity
to
the
city
and
indu
strie
s.
Peo
ple
affe
cted
are
inv
olve
d in
the
bu
sin
ess
of
da
iry
farm
ing
, o
ran
ge
culti
vatio
n an
d ot
her s
mal
l ent
erpr
ises
.
Wom
en a
re o
ppos
ing
the
proj
ect.
A
huge
air
port
car
go h
ub w
ithin
clo
se
prox
imity
of h
uman
hab
itatio
n ha
s m
any
envi
ronm
enta
l im
plic
atio
ns.
Dat
e &
sta
tus
App
rova
l
In -
prin
cipl
e
App
rova
l
For
mal
App
rova
l
In -
prin
cipl
e
App
rova
l
For
mal
App
rova
l
1000
ha
1023
.43
ha
1000
ha
1511
.51
ha
Sta
tus
on
th
e g
rou
nd
: 46 :
A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic ZonesO
RIS
SA
Dis
tric
t
Jaga
tsin
gh-
pur
Con
sist
ent
Opp
ositi
on h
as
cont
inue
d at
the
pro
pose
d
pla
nt
an
d
po
rt
site
a
t
Jag
ats
ing
hp
ur
un
de
r th
e
bann
er o
f PO
SC
O P
ratir
odh
San
gram
Sam
iti. T
he p
roje
ct
ha
s re
ceiv
ed
a
n
en
viro
nm
en
t cl
ea
ran
ce.
How
ever
, th
e re
sist
ance
to
land
acq
uisi
tion
is s
till s
trong
.
Fo
rest
Cle
ara
nce
is
still
pend
ing
and
com
mun
ities
have
pas
sed
reso
lutio
ns fo
r
regu
laris
atio
n of
the
ir la
nd
rig
hts
u
nd
er
the
F
ore
st
Rig
hts
Act
200
6. T
he le
ader
of
the
mo
vem
en
t A
bh
ay
Sah
oo w
as a
rres
ted
by t
he
Ori
ssa
Pol
ice
in O
ct 2
008
unde
r fal
se c
rimin
al c
harg
es
Lo
cati
on
/ V
illag
esD
evel
op
er
Ers
amm
aP
OS
CO
Lan
d A
rea
invo
lved
Co
mm
un
ity
Aff
ecte
dK
ey i
ssu
es o
f co
nce
rn/d
eman
ds
1).
Thr
ee p
anch
ayat
s (v
illag
es)
with
3,3
50 h
ouse
hold
s an
d 22
,000
peop
le w
ill b
e di
spla
ced
by t
he
stee
l pla
nt a
nd p
ort a
lone
2)
. Gov
t.
reco
rds
reco
gniz
e on
ly 4
38 a
cres
out o
f 400
0 ac
res
as b
eing
priv
atel
y
owne
d. In
rea
lity,
mos
t of t
he la
nd
very
fer
tile
and
has
been
und
er
bete
l, ca
shew
and
oth
er c
ultiv
atio
n
by
ad
iva
si
(in
dig
en
ou
s)
com
mu
nit
ies
for
seve
ral
gene
ratio
ns.
3
). In
add
ition
, the
re
are
man
y la
ndle
ss f
amili
es t
hat
depe
nd o
n an
cilla
ry e
mpl
oym
ent
like
mak
ing
bask
ets
for
pack
agin
g
Paa
n (B
etel
) le
aves
gro
wn
in t
he
are
a.
4
).
Th
e
hu
ge
w
ate
r
requ
irem
ent
of t
he s
teel
pla
nt i
s
go
ing
to
aff
ect
irr
iga
tio
n a
nd
drin
king
wat
er s
uppl
y (f
rom
the
Mah
anad
i ri
ver)
of
Cut
tack
and
othe
r di
stric
ts
5).
Apa
rt f
rom
the
pla
nt
an
d p
ort
, th
e m
ine
s in
Su
da
rga
rh d
istr
ict
ove
r 6
00
0
hect
ares
are
goi
ng t
o af
fect
the
livel
ihoo
ds o
f th
e P
audi
Bhu
iyan
Adi
vasi
s w
ho a
re d
epen
dent
on
the
Kha
ndad
har
For
ests
.
Dat
e &
sta
tus
App
rova
l
In-p
rinci
ple
App
rova
l
4000
acr
es
Sta
tus
on
th
e g
rou
nd
Fis
hing
Com
mun
ities
,
farm
ers,
adi
vasi
s
(Pau
di B
huiy
ans
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 47 :
TA
MIL
NA
DU
Dis
tric
t
Bai
ram
anga
lam
Thi
ruva
nam
alai
Dis
tric
t
Sal
em
Vill
upur
am
Te
n
villa
ge
p
an
cha
yats
pass
ed a
res
olut
ion
agai
nst
land
acq
uisi
tion
for a
Spe
cial
Eco
nom
ic Z
one
in C
heyy
ar
talu
k in
T
hir
uva
na
ma
lai
Dis
tric
t on
Oct
ober
2, 2
008.
Pe
op
le
ha
ve
be
gu
n
to
agita
te o
n th
e gr
ound
usi
ng
tech
niqu
es li
ke g
hera
o; 5
30
RT
I ap
plic
atio
ns h
ave
been
file
d
de
ma
nd
ing
m
ore
info
rmat
ion
La
nd
a
lre
ad
y a
cqu
ire
d;
pe
op
le p
rote
stin
g a
ga
inst
SE
Z a
nd lo
ss o
f liv
elih
ood;
Lo
cati
on
/ V
illag
esD
evel
op
er
Bai
ram
anga
lam
,
San
amau
and
Kun
dam
aran
apal
li
panc
haya
ts,
near
Hos
ur
Che
yyar
tal
uk,
Sal
em
Vel
oor,
Pan
apak
kam
SIP
CO
T
SIP
CO
T
SIP
CO
T
SIP
CO
T
Lan
d A
rea
invo
lved
Co
mm
un
ity
Aff
ecte
dK
ey i
ssu
es o
f co
nce
rn/d
eman
ds
1) M
ore
than
5,0
00 f
amili
es a
re
de
pe
nd
en
t o
n
the
la
nd
fo
r
livel
ihoo
d; 2
) F
ertil
e la
nd u
nder
culti
vatio
n; 4
50 h
ouse
hold
s ha
ve
elec
tric
ity 3
) In
stea
d of
agr
icul
tura
l
land
, the
Gov
t. c
an a
cqui
re 7
,500
acre
s of
unc
laim
ed la
nd
1) L
oss
of l
ivel
ihoo
d; 2
) lo
ss o
f
pro
du
ctiv
e
ass
ets
; 3
) n
o
job
crea
tion
for
loca
ls
1) L
oss
of la
nd u
nder
ban
ana
and
rain
-fe
d p
ad
dy
cult
iva
tio
n;
2)
dis
reg
ard
fo
r e
nvi
ron
me
nta
l
conc
erns
; 3)
los
s of
liv
elih
ood;
4)
peop
le d
eman
d tr
ansp
aren
cy a
nd
info
rmat
ion;
4)
thos
e w
ho d
o no
t
wan
t to
sell
shou
ld n
ot b
e fo
rced
to
do s
o
1) L
oss
of l
ivel
ihoo
d fo
r pe
ople
culti
vatin
g co
conu
t, pa
lm, a
nd ra
in-
fed
crop
s in
clud
ing
1-yi
eld
padd
y
crop
; 2) L
ow c
ost o
f lan
d pu
rcha
se
and
inad
equa
te c
ompe
nsat
ion.
Dat
e &
sta
tus
App
rova
l
Apr
il (2
007)
3,00
0
acre
s
2200
acr
es
3500
acr
es
1600
acr
es
Sta
tus
on
th
e g
rou
nd
Far
mer
s,
hort
icul
tura
lists
,
agric
ultu
ral
labo
urer
s, d
alits
and
trib
als
Far
mer
s,
agric
ultu
ral
labo
urer
s,da
lits
and
trib
als
Far
mer
s,
agric
ultu
ral
labo
urer
s, d
alits
and
trib
als
Far
mer
s,
wea
vers
,
agric
ultu
ral
labo
urer
s, d
alits
and
trib
als
: 48 :
A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic ZonesK
anjip
uram
Che
yyar
Mam
ondr
u,
Che
yyar
Nag
uner
i
SIP
CO
T
SIP
CO
T
SIP
CO
T
1)
25
0 a
cre
s o
n C
he
yya
r S
EZ
tran
sfer
red
to L
otus
Nik
e fa
ctor
y at
Rs.
90,
000
per
acre
. La
nd w
as
acqu
ired
at R
s. 3
5,00
0 pe
r ac
re;
2) C
ompe
nsat
ed a
t one
-yie
ld c
rop
rate
be
cau
se o
f G
ovt
.'s
mis
-
reco
rdin
g of
land
whi
ch a
ctua
lly is
a 2-
yiel
d cr
op.
1) L
and
bein
g ac
quire
d to
ext
end
the
SE
Z w
ill e
nclo
se a
vill
age;
2)
La
nd
w
ill
als
o
be
a
rou
nd
Ma
mo
nd
ru L
ake
, co
ntr
ave
nin
g
Gov
t. o
rdin
ance
tha
t no
fac
tory
sho
uld
be
lo
cate
d w
ithin
1 k
m
radi
us o
f la
ke;
3) N
o em
ploy
men
t
guar
ante
e fo
r di
spla
ced
1) T
empl
e la
nd b
elon
ging
to
G.R
.
Mut
t whe
re fa
rmer
s ar
e al
low
ed to
cult
iva
te;
2)
Fa
rme
rs w
ill n
ot
rece
ive
co
mp
en
sati
on
bu
t a
re
cla
imin
g
it
as
ten
an
ts;
3)
Spe
cula
tive
real
est
ate
is d
rivin
g
pric
es u
p in
the
area
200
1
650
acre
s
2000
acr
es
2500
acr
es
Far
mer
s,
agric
ultu
ral
labo
urer
s, d
alits
and
trib
als
Far
mer
s,
agric
ultu
ral
labo
urer
s, d
alits
and
trib
als
Land
less
agric
ultu
ral
labo
urer
s an
d
dalit
s
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 49 :
WE
ST
BE
NG
AL
Dis
tric
t
Eas
t
Mid
napo
re
Wes
t
Mid
napo
re
Th
e
pro
ject
h
as
be
en
relo
cate
d to
Nay
acha
r
Sin
ce N
ove
mb
er
20
08
, a
po
pu
lar
mo
vem
en
t h
ad
emer
ged
and
spre
ad o
ver
a
larg
er a
rea.
The
adi
vasi
s in
the
area
are
dem
andi
ng t
o
stop
the
dis
poss
essi
on o
f
trib
als
from
thei
r lan
d, fo
rest
s
and
wat
er i
n th
e na
me
of
de
velo
pm
en
t &
indu
stria
lizat
ion.
The
sta
te
has
been
hel
ples
s in
fron
t of
this
ups
urge
and
has
bee
n
tryi
ng to
"ne
gotia
te"
with
the
trib
als.
But
wha
t ha
s be
en
frus
trat
ing
thei
r ef
fort
s is
the
ess
en
tia
lly
de
mo
cra
tic
natu
re o
f thi
s up
surg
e.
Lo
cati
on
/
Vill
ages
Dev
elo
per
Nan
digr
am
Jhar
gham
Sal
im
Gro
up
Jind
al S
teel
Lan
d A
rea
invo
lved
Co
mm
un
ity
Aff
ecte
dK
ey i
ssu
es o
f co
nce
rn/d
eman
ds
The
SE
Z w
ould
spr
ead
over
29
mou
zas
(vill
ages
)
of w
hich
27
are
in N
andi
gram
. Mos
t of t
he la
nd to
be a
cqui
red
is u
nder
mul
ti-cr
op f
arm
ing.
Ove
r
40,0
00 p
eopl
e w
ould
be
affe
cted
. T
he v
illag
ers,
who
had
bee
n pr
edom
inan
tly s
uppo
rter
s of
the
part
y in
pow
er,
CP
I (M
), t
urne
d ag
ains
t it
and
org
an
ize
d a
re
sist
an
ce m
ove
me
nt
un
de
r th
e
bann
er o
f B
hum
i U
chhe
d P
ratir
odh
Com
mitt
ee
(BU
PC
). C
lash
es o
ver
the
issu
e tu
rned
vio
lent
as
polic
e an
d th
e C
PI
(M)
part
y ca
dres
unl
eash
ed
repr
essi
on o
f the
mov
emen
t in
Mar
ch 2
007.
5000
acr
es o
f lan
d w
as a
cqui
red
for t
he p
roje
ct, o
f
whi
ch 4
500
acre
s ha
nded
ove
r by
the
Gov
t. an
d
50
0 a
cre
s d
ire
ctly
pu
rch
ase
d b
y Ji
nd
al
fro
m
land
owne
rs.
A la
rge
port
ion
of la
nd h
ande
d ov
er
by t
he g
over
nmen
t fo
r th
e pr
ojec
t al
so,
incl
uded
larg
e tr
acts
of
fore
st l
and
mea
nt f
or d
istr
ibut
ion
amon
gst l
andl
ess
trib
als
as p
art o
f the
land
refo
rms
prog
ram
. Alth
ough
the
land
was
orig
inal
ly a
cqui
red
for
a st
eel
plan
t, in
Sep
tem
ber
2009
, Ji
ndal
got
SE
Z s
tatu
s fo
r th
e pr
ojec
t. A
pol
lutin
g st
eel p
lant
is b
eing
set
up
in t
he m
iddl
e of
a f
ores
ted
area
,
disp
osse
ssin
g tr
ibal
s fr
om t
heir
land
. T
here
wer
e
maj
or g
rieva
nces
am
ongs
t the
trib
als
agai
nst t
his.
The
mai
nstr
eam
med
ia h
ad c
onst
antly
por
tray
ed
a ve
ry r
osy
pict
ure
of th
e en
tire
proj
ect.
Dat
e &
sta
tus
App
rova
l
NA
1400
0
acre
s
5000
acr
es
Sta
tus
on
th
e g
rou
nd
Pea
sant
s
Adi
vasi
s
: 50 :
A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
XII. MAP OF SEZS APPROVED AFTER THESEZ ACT
Source: Aseem Srivastava and Kashif Ali, December 2008
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 51 :
,lbZtsM ¼lst½ vf/kfu;e&2005 ds ikap lky,d laf{kIr leh{kk
I. lUnHkZ
ge 'kS{kf.kd laLFkkuksa] tu vkanksyuksa] dk;Z lewgksa] o fofHkUu leqnk;ksa ijvk/kkfjr laxBuksa ds lnL; o izfrfuf/k fiNys pkj lkyksa ls yxkrkj ns'k Hkjesa QSys lst fuekZ.k ds lanHkZ esa ;wih, ljdkj }kjk 2005 esa ikfjr fd, x, lstdkuwu ij reke fpark,a O;Dr djrs jgs gSaA dkuwu ds izko/kku Lo;a gh Li"Vdjrs gSa fd ;s vkink vkSj vfLFkjrk ds dkjd gSa] tks fd u;s vkfFkZd vkSjjktuSfrd {ks= ds fuekZ.k dks c<+kok nsrs gSaA ysfdu bu {ks=ksa ds okLrfodfØ;kUo;u vkSj fuekZ.k us ;g Hkh iznf'kZr fd;k gS fd vkS|ksfxdhdj.k] izkS|ksfxdhfodkl ;k ;gka rd fd fu;kZr of) dsoy <dkslyk gSA ,lbZtsM ¼lst½vf/kfu;e cuus ds pkj lky ckn ;g lkfcr gks x;k gS fd ;s {ks= ?kjsywdaifu;ksa ds fgrksa ,oa foÙkh; cktkjksa ds ykHk ds fy, lkoZtfud ,oa lkeqnkf;dlalk/kuksa ds lEifÙkgj.k dks c<+kok ns jgs gSaA
;wih, ljdkj us tkx:d gkssus ds ckotwn ns'k ds fofHkUu fgLlksa if'pe caxky]egkjk"Vª] vka/kz izns'k] rfeyukMq] iatkc ,oa gfj;k.kk esa fo'ks"k vkfFkZd {ks=ksa dsfuekZ.k ds fy, tcju Hkwfe vf/kxzg.kds f[kykQ izfrjks/k] dh vuns[kh djus dkjkLrk pquk gSA fdlkuksa o izHkkfor leqnk;ksa }kjk bu {ks=ksa ds fy, tcju Hkwfevf/kxzg.k o lalk/kuksa ij dCtk djus ls jksdus dh yxkrkj ekax ds ckotwn]ns'k Hkj dh reke ljdkjsa laokn cukus dh txg turk ds izzfrjkas/kksa dks nckuso dqpyus ds fy, jkT; e'khujh dh rkdr] cyiz;ksx vkSj diV vkfn lk/kuksadk bLrseky djrh vkbZ gSaA ,slk uanhxzke esa lfye lst] dkdhukMk esa dslsto th,evkj lst] dfyaxuxj esa ftany lst ;k txrflagiqj esa iksLdks esa fd;kx;kA
crkSj ukxfjd laxBuksa ,oa tu vkanksyuksa ds lnL;] ge fuEu dkj.kksa lsHkkjrh; jktuhfr] lekt o vFkZO;oLFkk ij lst ds izHkkoksa ds izfr xgjkbZ lsfpafrr gSa &
: 52 :
A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
1- lst vf/kfu;e ds vlaoS/kkfud LoHkko vU; dkuwuksa dks izHkkfor dj jgsgSaA
2- Hkkjrh; jk"Vª ds dk;Z{ks= ds ckgj Lora= futh iwath bUdyso ds fuekZ.k ls[kkldj LFkkuh; Lo ljdkjksa ¼'kgjh ,oa xzkeh.k nksuksa½ dh yksdrkaf=dLo'kklu O;oLFkk,a u"V gks jgh gSaA
3- cMs+ iSekus ij gks jgs Hkwfe vf/kxzg.k o lafnX/k jh;y LVsV fctusl dsdkj.k [ksrh] eNyh ikyu o vU; ikjaifjd vkthfodk ds lk/kuksa dksuqdlku igqap jgk gSA
4- 'kks"k.kdkjh dk;Z{ks= dk okrkoj.k cu jgk gSA
5- vfu;af=r i;kZoj.kh; fouk'k ls ty] taxy ,oa tehu tSlh izkdfrdlalk/kuksa ij cks> c<+ jgk gSA
6- jktLo dk uqdlku vkSj xaHkhj vkfFkZd vlarqyu dk fuekZ.k gks jgk gSA
7- izHkqRodkjh ,dkf/kdkjh O;olk; vkSj iwath o lalk/kuksa ds dsUnzhdj.k dksleFkZu djds cgq fgr/kkjh <kaps dks u"V fd;k tk jgk gSA
8- ljdkj }kjk bl elys ij dksbZ igy ;k [kqyh lkoZtfud fopkj foe'kZdks dksbZ izksRlkgu ugha fn;k tk jgk gSA
bl fjiksVZ dk mn~ns'; dqN tehuh lPpkbZ;ksa dks o.kZu djuk vkSj mu xaHkhjfparkvksa dks O;Dr djuk gS ftu ij rRdky /;ku nsus ;k dk;Zokgh djus dht:jr gSA
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 53 :
II. Hkkjr esa lst dh :ijs[kk & ,d fogaxkoyksdu
lst ij miyC/k uohure vkadM+s iznf'kZr djrs gSa lst ds izLrkoksa dks eatwjdjus ds fy, vf/kdr dsUnzh; laLFkk] okf.kT; ea=ky; ds cksMZ us 578 lst dkseatwjh nh gS ftuesa ls 315 vf/klwfpr gq, gSaA
fo'ks"k vkfFkZd {ks= ij vkB fnLkEcj 2008 ds lcls rktk vkadMs+ mlh iSVuZ dhfujarjrk dh vksj b'kkjk djrs gSa tks fd 2005 esa la'kksf/kr lst vf/kfu;e dkvk/kkj cus FksA fnlEcj 2008 ds vkf[kj esa tcjnLr eanh ds lkFk gh igyh ckjgeus daifu;ksa dks lst ls iathdj.k jn~n djokus@xSj&vf/klwfpr djokus dsfy, vkosnu djrs ns[kk gS] vc ns[kuk ;g gS fd bldk 'kq) izHkko D;k gksxkA;fn eanh vYidkfyd gqbZ rks lst fQj ls yksdfiz; gks ldrk gSA rc rd dsfy, mEehn gS fd de ls de vkus okys eghuksa esa u;s {ks=ksa ds vkosnuksa esaBgjko ns[kus dks feysxkA blds ckotwn] fnlEcj 2008 rd dsUnz ljdkj us 19jkT;ksa esa 552 ,lbZtsM dks vkSipkfjd eatwjh nh gS( ftuesa ls 272 vf/klwfpr gq,gSaA ¼vizSy 2009 rd dqy 578 lstksa dks vkSipkfjd eatwjh nh xbZ gS vkSj 330dks vf/klwfpr fd;k x;k gS½
lsDVj vk/kkfjr
lst dk T;knkrj fgLlk lwpuk rduhd ¼vkbZVh½ o mlls tqMs+ m+|ksxksa lslEcaf/kr gSA ekStwnk 181 vf/klwfpr lst vkbZVh dEifu;ksa ds fy, cus gSaA tksfd dqy lstksa dh la[;k esa ls 66 Qhlnh dk izfrfuf/kRo djrs gSaA blds vykok341 vkSipkfjd :i ls Lohdr ,oa 11 lS)kfUrd :i ls Lohdr gq, gSaA blrjg vkSipkfjd :i ls eatwj lstksa esa vkbZVh dk fgLlk vf/klwfpr lstksas dhrqyuk esa dqN gh de gSA ,slk blfy, D;ksafd NksVs vkbZVh lst cM+s cgq mRiknokys lst ds eqdkcys tYnh tehu vf/kxzg.k dj ysrs gSaA eatwjh ds fofHkUupj.kksa esa ,d lkFk yk;s x, fofHkUu fo'ks"k vkfFkZd {ks=ksa esa vkbZVh {ks= dk fgLlkvc Hkh vk/ks ls vf/kd ;kuh 55 Qhlnh gSA cgq mRikn okys nwljs lcls cM+s {ks=dk fgLlk 9 Qhlnh gSA
: 54 :
A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
fnlEcj 2008 esa okf.kT; ea=ky; }kjk tkjh vkadM+ksa ds vuqlkj {ks=okj fgLlkbl izdkj gSa
{ks= fgLlk Qhlnh½
vkbZVh@bysDVªkWfud@gkMZos;j@ lsehdaMDVj 66
baftfu;fjax 5
ck;ksVsd 3
chp ,oa [kfut@/kkrq 1
cgq mRikn 4
isVªksdsfedy ,oa isVªksy 1
QkekZ ,oa dsfedYl 5
VsDlVkbYl@diM+s@Åu 4
vU; 11
lzzksr % okf.kT; ea=ky;] **lst% lsDVj vk/kkfjr forj.k** vkadMs MkVk QkeZ ,oa fnlECkj 2008 esa
miyC/kA
{ks= vk/kkfjr
lst dh vf/klwfpr lwph esa vka/kz izns'k 57 lstksa ds lkFk 'kh"kZ ij gS blds cknrfeyukMq esa 44] egkjk"Vª esa 43 lst gSaA egkjk"Vª esa lcls vf/kd lstvf/klwfpr gksus dh izrh{kk esa gSa] tgka 104 vkSipkfjd :i ls vkSj 34 lS)kafrd:i ls eatwj gks pqds gSaA tcfd blds eqdkcys vka/kz izns'k esa 99 vkSipkfjd :ils vkSj 2 lS)kafrd :i ls eatwj gks pqds gSa ,oa rfeyukMq esa 66 vkSipkfjd :ils vkSj 18 lS)kafrd :i ls eatwj gks pqds gSaA bl rjg ns'k ds dqy lstksa esals djhc vk/ks bu rhu jkT;ksa esa gSaA vc rd vf/klwfpr gq, 274 lstksa esa ls 144dk fgLlk dkQh vge gSA
;fn izR;sd jkT; esa lst ds LFkku ij fopkj djsa rks lst dk foLRkkj vf/kdvlarqfyr Hkh utj vkrk gSA vka/kz izns'k esa vkSipkfjd rkSj ij Lohdr 99 esa ls48 rks gSnjkckn ds vklikl gSa] tcfd blh rjg rfeyukMq esa Hkh vkSipkfjd:i ls Lohdr 66 esa ls 34 psUubZ ds vkl ikl gSaA bl rjg lst dh eq[;
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 55 :
la[;k dks vkbZVh {ks= esa vkSj eq[;r% if'peh ;k nf{k.kh {ks= esa gksuk oxhZdrfd;k tk ldrk gSA yxHkx gjsd jkT;ksa us vius bykds esa ,d&nks lst dhLFkkiuk ds fy, iz;kl fd;k gS] ;gka rd fd nknjk ,oa ukxj gosyh esa 4 ,oaikafMpsjh esa 1 lst gSaSA
Hkwfe dh vko';drk
53 cgqm|ksxh lst lS}kafrd rkSj ij eatwjh ds pj.k esa gSa] tks tYn ghvkSipkfjd :i ls vf/klwfpr gks ldrs gSaA ;s ,sls {ks= gSa tgka okLro esa cMsiSekus ij Hkwfe dh vko';drk gS vkSj os foLFkkiu ds eqn~ns ij fooknkLin gkspqds gSaA gky gh esa] vkSj tks foLFkkiu okyk Vdjko dk eqnnk cusxkA gky ghesa 5]000 gsDVsvj ls vf/kd cM+s lst ij jksd yxkus okys fu;e dks gVk fn;kx;k gS ftlus vnkuh lewg dks 3 lst {ks=ksa ¼4498] 2658] 2648 gsDVsvj½ dks,d lkFk feykus ds fy, vkosnu djus dk ekSdk fn;k gSA bl lewg us xqtjkresa eqanzk esa Hkwfe lhfyax ls cpus ds fy, ,d ds ckn ,d rhu lst dk fuekZ.kfd;k gSA
lcls cM+k fo'ks"k vkfFkZd {ks= *lS}kafrd* Js.kh esa vkdkj¼gsDVsvj½
Mh,y,Q ;wfuolZy ]xqMxkao ]gfj;k.kk & cgq mRikn 8]097
vksesDl fyfeVsM] vyoj] jktLFkku vkjts cgq mRikn 6]070
Mh ,l daLVªD'ku fyfeVsM] iyoy ] gfj;k.kk & cgq mRikn 5]000
fLdy baÝkLVªDpj fyfeVsM] uanhxqMh gkscyh] dukZVd& cgq mRikn 5]000
fjyk;al gfj;k.kk lst fyfeVsM] >Ttj] gfj;k.kk & cgq mRikn 5]000
eaqcbZ lst fyfeVsM xqtjkr iksfl=k iksVZ baÝkLVªDpjy fyfeVsM &cgqmRikn 5]000
U;w dksydkrk baVjus'kuy MsoysiesaV esnuhiqj] if'pe caxky & cgq mRikn
jkbVlZ ,aM ifCy'klZ fyfeVsM ] bankSj ] e/;izns'k & cgq mRikn 4]050
luflVh gfj;k.kk lst MsosyilZ izkbosV fyfeVsM] vackyk] gfj;k.kk&cgq mRikn 3]237
fLdy baÝkLVªDpj fyfeVsM] fgekpy izns'k ,;jiksVZ csLM cgq mRikn lst 3]230
jhokt iksVZ fyfeVsM jhokt+] jk;x<+] egkjk"Vª & cgq mRikn 2]850
ohfM;ksdku jh;YVh ,aM baÝkLVªDpj ] vkSjaxkkckn ] egkjk"Vª & cgq mRikn 2]763
bafM;kcqYl baÝkLVªDpj MsosyiesaV jk;x<+] egkjk"Vª & cgq mRikn 2]429
: 56 :
A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
lcls cM+sa lstksa ds ekeys esa xqtjkr esa eqanzk ds vykok tks lst lapkfyr gks jgsgSa muesa fo'kk[kkiVue esa ,ihvkbZvkbZlh 2]206 gsDVsvj vkSj dkdhukMk lst1]035 gsDVsvj ds nksuksa gh vka/kz izns'k esa gSa vkSj egkjk"Vª ds uoh eqEcbZ esa 1]223gsDVsvj ds lst gSaA
vc rd tks lst vf/klwfpr gq, gSa muds fy, vkf/kdkfjd rkSj ij 30]122gsDVsvj Hkwfe pkfg,A ysfdu cgqr ls fo'kky cgqmRikn lst tks lS}kafrd rkSjij eatwj gq, Js.kh esa gSa muds fy, dqy 1-22 yk[k gsDVsvj tehu pkfg,]vFkkZr gjsd lst ds fy, vkSlru 869 gsDVsvj tehu pkfg,A vka/kz izns'k esa7]400 gsDVsvj Hkwfe lst ds fy, gLrkarfjr fd;k x;k gS tks fd xqtjkr esa9]997 gsDVsvj tehu gLrkarj.k ds eqdkcys de gSA gkykafd vka/kz izns'k esa 56lst ds eqdkcys xqtjkr esa dsoy 21 lst gSaA xqtjkr us Li"V rkSj ij fo'kkycgq mRikn fo'ks"k vkfFkZd {ks=ksa dsk izkFkfedrk nh gS tcfd ns'k ds vU; jkT;ksaaus eq[; rkSj ij vkbZVh {ks= dks izkFkfedrk nh gSA egkjk"Vª vkSj rfeyukMq esadkQh la[;k esa lst gSa ysfdu ogka Øe'k% 5]018 gsDVsvj ,oa 2]307 gsDVsvjtehu gh buds fy, gLrkarfjr gqvk gSA buls ladsr feyrk gS fd eq[;r% ;svkbZVh {ks= ds fy, vf/klwfpr fd;s x;s gSaA
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 57 :
III. fopkj.kh; eqnns
1- lalk/kuksa ,oa vkthfodk ls csn[kyh ds eqn~ns
cMs iSekus ij Hkwfe dh vko';drk vkSj Hkwfe ij tcju dCtk
lst fuekZ.k ds ekeys esa Hkkjr esa ekax ds vk/kkj ij lst fuekZ.k dh vo/kkj.kkdqN [kkl gS( vFkkZr lst dk LFkku] vkdkj ,oa LoHkko Li"V :i ls jkT; dhvkfFkZd uhfr;ksa ds vk/kkj ij fu/kkZfjr ugha gksrk gS cfYd futh iwath dh ekaxds vk/kkj ij r; gksrk gSA blds vykok ,sls {ks= LFkkfir djus ds fy, ,dek='krZ gksrh gS i;kZIr tehu ij dCtk gksuk ;k dCtk djus dh pkgr gksukA bllsfuf'pr rkSj ij ;g lksp curh gS fd fdlkuksa] tehu ds ekfydksa vkSj tehuij vk/kkfjr leqnk;ksa dk fojks/k c<+sxkA
15 twu 2007 dks okf.kT; ea=ky; o bthvks,e ds ;g funsZ'k fd izkbosV lstds fy, tcju fdlh dh Hkwfe ij dCtk ugha fd;k tk,xk] blds ckotwnyxHkx lHkh jkT; lst ds fuekZ.k ds fy, tehu ij dCts ds fy, Hkwfevf/kxzg.k ,DV 1894 dk iz;ksx dj jgh gSa vkSj oks Hkh iquZokl ds fy, dksbZizko/kku ds cxSj ghA vka/kz izns'k vkSj rfeyukMq tSls dqN jkT; rks Hkwfevf/kxzg.k vf/kfu;e dh dh vkikr /kkjk 17@4 dk bLrseky djrs gq, vfuok;Z:i ls tehu dk vf/kxzg.k dj jgh gSaA egkjk"Vª tSls jkT; esa dkykZ ¼efgUnzk,aM efgUnzk lst½] jk;x<+ ¼fjyk;al lst½] ukfld ¼bafM;kcqYl lst½] ukxiqj¼fegku lst½ tSlh ifj;kstukvksa esaa Hkwfe vf/kxzg.k dh /kkjk 4 ,oa 6 ds varxZrtkjh uksfVl lkoZtfud :i ls tkudkjh esa vkus ds ckn jkT; lefFkZr Hkwfevf/kxzg.k esa :dkoV vk xbZ gSA gkaykfd Hkwfe vf/kxzg.k uksfVl dks vHkh Hkhokil fy;k tkuk ckdh gSA okLro esa] if'pe caxky ds uanhxzke vkSj iatkc esaverlj ds vykok dgha Hkh uksfVl okil ugha fy;k x;k gSA ;gka rd fdmPpre U;k;ky; us jk;x< ds fjyk;al lst ds Hkwfe vf/kxzg.k ds ekeys esajksd dks [kkfjt dj fn;k gS] tcfd okf.kT; ea=ky; dks vHkh Hkh viuhLohdfr dsk jnn djuk ckdh gSA okf.kT; ea=ky; yxkrkj lst ds fy,
: 58 :
A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
dEifu;ksa dsk foLrkj ns jgk gS rkfd os ;gka rd fd vko';d Hkwfe ds NksVsfgLls dks [kjhnus dh O;oLFkk dj ldsaA
crk;k tkrk gS fd lst ds fy, gLrkarfjr Hkwfe esa ls vf/kdka'k igys ls ghjkT; vkS|ksfxd fodkl fuxe ds ikl ekStwn gSA bl lPpkbZ dks Li"V djusdh t:jr gS fd dbZ ekeyksa esa vkS|ksfxd fodkl fuxe }kjk vf/kxzfgr tehuksadks lst ds fy, gLrkarfjr fd;k tk jgk gS ftlds fy, Hkwfe vf/kxzg.kvf/kfu;e dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gSA ;g fcØh LokHkkfod rkSj ij fdlkuksa ls[kjhns gq, ewY; ls vf/kd nkeksa esa csph xbZ vkSj ftlus u;s rjg ds rekelokyksa dks iSnk fd;k gS vkSj tehu ds csgrj eqvkots ds fy, dbZ dkuwuhyMkbZ;ka tehu ds vlyh ekfydksa }kjk yM+h tk jgh gSaA D;k vkS|ksfxd fodklfuxe dh Hkwfedk jh;y LVsV fodkldrkZvksa ds nyky dh gS ;k vkS|ksfxdizksRlkgu dh\
cktkj ewY; ij eqvkots dk loky ;gka rd fd Hkwfe ekfydksa ds fy, csekuhgS D;ksafd ;g iSekuk iwjh rjg futh [kjhnkjksa o ljdkjh vkS|ksfxd dkjiksjs'kuksads i{k esa jgrk gS] tks fd dher r; djus okys tkudkjh ;qDr eksyHkko drkZgSaA
blds ckotwn u rks lkjs jkT;ks dh vkbZMhlh ds ikl igys ls miyC/k Hkwfe FkhvkSj u os dhersa Fkha] ftl ij lst dh eatwfj;ka nh xbZ FkhaA blls ;g lkQ gkstkrk gS fd vkbZMhlh dh Hkwfe i;kZIr ugha gksaxhA ftldk urhtk gS fdvkbZMhlh us Hkh lst dks gaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaLrkarfjr djus ads fy, u;s Hkwfe vf/kxzg.k 'kq: djfn, gSaA
fcuk eqvkots ds foLFkkfir Hkwfeghu o [ksfrgj etnwj
Hkkjr esa yxHkx 80 Qhlnh [ksfrgj vkcknh ds ikl [ksrh ;ksX; tehu dk dsoy17 Qhlnh gS tks fd mUgsa yxHkx Hkwfeghu etnwj cukrk gSA os tehu ftudhgSa muds ctk; dkQh T;knk ifjokj ,oa leqnk; tehu ds ,d VqdM+s ij ¼dke
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 59 :
vkSj pjkbZ ds fy,½ vkfJr gSA tcfd eqvkots dh ckr flQZ muds fy, dh tkjgh gS tks fd tehuksa ds ekfyd gSaA ysfdu muds fy, dksbZ ;kstuk ugha cuhgS ftuds ikl tehu ugha gSA
xqtjkr tSls jkT; esa cM+s iSekus ij oks tehusa lst ds fy, gLrkarfjr dh xbZtks lkewfgd ;k xkSpj Hkwfe dh Js.kh esa vkrh gSa ¼mUgsa xyr rjhds ls catj Hkwfecrk;k x;k½A bu tehuksa dk cMk fgLlk rVh; o lw[ks {ks= esa gSa vkSj eNqvkjkvkSj pjokgk leqnk; ds yksx viuh nSfud vkthfodk ds fy, bu tehuksa ijvkfJr gSA pwafd ;s tehu lkewfgd Hkwfe gSa ftldk dksbZ ,d ekfyd ugha gS]blfy, mUgsa leqnk;ksa ;k iapk;rksa ls iwNs cxSj gh gLrkarfjr dj fn;k tkrkgSaA rfeyukMq esa eafnj ;k iapkeh Hkwfe vkSj vka/kz izns'k esa oDQ cksMZ dh tehuvkfn vU; ,sls mnkgj.k gSa] tgka lkoZtfud tehuksa dks lst ds fy, vkSjfuthdj.k dj fn;k x;kA
lst ds fy, lcls T;knk fgald <ax ls Hkwfe vf/kxzg.k ;k dCts vka/kz izns'k esagks jgs gSa tgka tehu vf/kxzg.k ds :i esa lcls T;knk la[;k esa lst Lohdrgq, gSa vkSj ;gka nfyrksa o vuqlwfpr tkfr;ksa dks vkaofVr dh xbZ tehu dkvf/kxzg.k fd;k x;kA iksfyiYyh] dkdhukMk] fpÙkwj vkSj vuariqj esa ;gfcydqy lkQ rkSj ij fn[kkbZ fn;k tgka lst dk izLrko gSA ;s oks dkjukes gSatks Hkkjrh; lafo/kku dh mu Hkkoukvksa ds f[kykQ gSa] ftuds rgr lafo/kku dh/kkjk 21 ds rgr gjds ukxfjd dks thou o thou;kiu ds vf/kdkj dh xkjaVhnsrk gSA
[ksrh vk/kkfjr ,oa xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk dh rckgh
LFkkuh; [ksrh] eNyh ikyu o vU; ikajifjd vkthfodk dh {kfr ds dkj.k cMsiSekus ij foLFkkiu [kk| o vkthfodk dh vlqj{kk tSls loky xaHkhj fpark dsfo"k; gSaA lst ds fy, vf/kxzfgr fd;s tk jgs tehu dk cM+k fgLlk mitkÅ[ksrh ;ksX; tehu gSa] [kkldj cgqmRikn {ks=ksa ds ekeys esa ,slk gSA df"koSKkfudksa dk vkdyu gS fd viuh vkthfodk ds fy, bu [ksrksa ij fuHkZj djhc
: 60 :
A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
1-14 yk[k [ksfrgj ifjokj ¼gjsd ifjokj esa vkSlru 5 lnL; gSa½ vkSj djhc82]000 [ksfrgj etnwjksa ds ifjokj foLFkkfir gksaxsA bl rjg [ksfrgj ,oa[ksfrgj etnwj ifjokjksa dks lkykuk djhc 212 djksM+ #i;s vkenuh dkuqdlku gksxkA ;s vuqeku lst dks eatwjh eatwjh dh 'kq:vkrh o"kZ lu 2006 dsgS] tks fd vc c<+dj frxquk gks pqdk gSA blds vykok] lst izHkkfor xkaoksa esaf'kYidkjksa] nLrkdjksa ij fuHkZj ifjokjksa ;k vU; NksVs O;kolkf;;ksa dh lg;ksxhvthfodkvksa ds u"V gksus ds ckjs esa 'kk;n dksbZ vkdyu ugha fd;k x;k gSA
xqtjkr] egkjk"Vª] rfeyukMq] o vka/kzizns'k tSls jkT;ksa esa rVh; fo'ks"k vkfFkZd{ks=ksa dks eNqvkjksa dh vksj ls xaHkhj izfrjks/k dk lkeuk djuk iMk gS D;ksafdmuds leqnz esa tkus ij jksd yxk nh xbZ gSA [kkl rkSj ij iksVZ vk/kkfjr fo'ks"kvkfFkZd {ks= ds dkj.k ued cukus okys etnwj o mlls tqMs leqnk; ds lnL;blls izHkkfor gq, gSaA
etnwj laj{k.k dkuwu dks fuf"Ø; djds 'kks"k.kdkjh jkstxkj ds volj vkSjdk;ZfLFkfr rS;kj djuk
Hkkjr vkSj phu esa ekStwnk fo'ks"k vkfFkZd {ks=ksa esa etnwjksa dh n;uh; gkyrksa lsgj dskbZ tkudkj gSA lst dks ?kksf"kr djus dk vf/kdkj fodkl vk;qDr ds iklgksrk gS D;ksafd vkS|ksfxd fookn ,DV ds rgr ,d ^^tuksi;ksxh lsok** dkeryc gS fd lst {ks= esa dkexkjksa dks gM+rky djus dk vf/kdkj ugha gksxkvkSj ;gka rd fd mUgsa csgrj osru ;k dke ds ekgkSy ds fy, ;wfu;u cukusvkSj lkewfgd :i ls bdV~Bk gksus dk vf/kdkj ugha gksxkA lst uhfr esa ljdkjjkT; Je vk;ksx ds lkjs vf/kdkj lst ds fodkl dfe'uj dks gLrkarfjr djnsrh gSA egkjk"Vª esa vkS|ksfxd o LokLF; lqj{kk funs'kky; fcuk fodkldfe'uj dh vuqefr ds lst esa fujh{k.k ugha dj ldrk gSA vka/kzizns'k U;wureetnwjh esa fj;k;r iznku dj jgh gS vkSj 365 fnu dke djus dh btktr nsjgh gS vkSj ;gka rd fd pkSchlksa ?kaVs dke djus dh btktr ns jgh gSA uks,Mkesa bihtsM ds etnwjksa }kjk Je dkuwuksa dks ykxw djus dh ekax djus ij mUgsaukSdjh ls fudky fn;k x;kA
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 61 :
2- vkfFkZd izHkko
vuko';d VSDl NwV ds dkj.k jktLo dk uqdlku
foÙk ea=ky; us ,d v/;;u djk;k gS] vkSj v/;;u ds vkadM+s crkrs gSa fd lu2004&05 ls 2009&10 rd dh vof/k esa lst dks VSDl esa NwV fn;s tkus dsdkj.k lkykuk 1]75]487 djksM+ #i;s jktLo uqdlku dk vuqeku gSA ;g jdelu 2005&06 ds nkSjku Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk izkIr jktLo ds 6&7 Qhlnh dsdjhc gSA mijksDr fyf[kr VSDl jktLo jk"Vªh; xzkeh.k jkstxkj ;kstuk ¼ujsxk½ds fy, lkykuk vkcafVr gksus okys jde dk pkj xquk gS] ftlls gj lky 5djksM+ Hkw[ks ifjokjksa dks izfrfnu Hkkstu djk;k tk ldrk gSA lst dh eatwjhcgqr NksVs gksrs gSa] vkSj ;g ?kksf"kr djus tSlk gS fd ns'k dh gjsd cM+h QSDVjh,d lst gSA ;fn ,slk gksrk gS rks ;g ,d vfoLej.kh; VSDl ?kksVkyk gksxkAfoÙk ea=ky; ftlus lst lfgr 4]10]451 daifu;ksa dh VSDl Qkbyksa dks bdVBkfd;k gS vkSj mlus ik;k fd Rofjr ewY; gzkl lfgr dqN NwV ds en esa ljdkjds jktLo esa mNky vk;k gS] tks fd 2006&07 esa 73]96 djksM+ #i;s ls c<+dj2007&08 esa 12]946 djksM+ #i;s gks x;k vkSj 2008&09 esa 14]244 djksM+ #i;sgks x;kA http://www.hindustantimes.com/News/business/39-tax-exemp-tions-costgovt-
Rs-68-914-crore-in-revenue-foregone/Article1-446258.aspx)
Hkkjr ds fu;a=d ,oa egkys[kk ijh{kd ¼lh,th½ us ns'k Hkj ds 370 lstbdkbZ;ksa ds fy, ;g tkuus ds fy, ys[kk ijh{k.k fd;k fd lcus fu/kkZfjrvf/kfu;eksa] fu;eksa] vf/klwpukvksa vkfn dk ikyu fd;k gS ;k ughaA lh,th }kjkvizR;{k dj ys[kk ds fy, rS;kj fd;s x;s fjiksVZ dks 11 ekpZ 2008 dks lalnesa is'k fd;k x;kA leh{kk esa O;ofLFkr vkSj vuqikyu dh dfe;ksa dks 'kkfeyfd;k x;k ftldh otg ls 246-72 djksM+ #i;s jktLo uqdlku gqvkA bldsvykok lh,th us mu izko/kkuksa ij Hkh izdk'k Mkyk ftlds otg ls jktLo esa1724-67 djksM+ #i;s dh viwj.kh; {kfr gqbZA
: 62 :
A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
vfrfjDr ?kkVk jkT; Lrjh; fj;k;rksa ds tfj, Hkh gqvkA bu le>kSrksa dhjgL;e; LoHkko dk eryc gS fd lh,th vkSj vU; }kjk jktLo ds ?kkVs dkvuqeku yxkus ds ckotwn Hkh bl ij /;ku ugha fn;k x;kA urhtk ;g gS fddsUnz ljdkj Lo;a lst ;kstukvksa ds iwjs vlj ds ckjs esa ugha tkurh gS tksbldsk izksRlkfgr dj jgh gSA
{ks=h; o vkapfyd vlarqyu
;fn ge Lohdr lst ds rgr Hkwfe ds forj.k ij utj Mkysa rks ge ikrs gSa fd70 Qhlnh tehu e/; vkSj fo'kky vkdkj ds 25 ls 30 Qhlnh cgq mRikn okystksu MsosyilZ ds gkFk esa fleVs gq, gSaA cps g, tks NksVs lst gSa os T;knkrjvkbZVh lsDVj ds gSaA vf/kdka'k fo'ks"k vkfFkZd {ks= 'kgj ,oa vklikl ds {ks=ksaesa vkSj 'kh"kZ 5 jkT;ksa ds vU; <kapkxr fodflr dsUnzksa esa fLFkr gSaa] tks fd igysls gh vkS|ksfxd #i ls izxfr'khy ekus tkrs gSaA bl rjg ;g ljdkj }kjk^fiNM+s bykdksa* esa lst yxkus ds ?kksf"kr mn~ns';ksa dh fojks/kkHkklh gSA
blds vykok ;fn ge vkbZVh lsDVj dh Lohdfr;ksa ij utj Mkysa rks ik,axs fd;s jgstk] ;wfuVsd] Mh,y,Q] ik'oZukFk] ,Eekj vkSj bl rjg dh dbZ vU;jh;y LVsV dEifu;ka gkoh gSaA bu dEifu;ksa us vius lgk;d dEifu;ksa ds ukeij lhfyax dkuwu dks rksM+us dk viuk ;g vyx rjhdk fudkyk gsSA ,dlekpkj fjiksVZ ds vuwlkj ] Mh,y,Q ¼,d cM+k lst MsosyilZ½ us 68 lgk;dcuk fn;s gSa vkSj gj lgk;d ds vius lgk;d gSaA ,d vU; <kapkxrfodkl'khy dEiuh ,Eekj ds ikl 350 lgk;d gSaA lalnh; LFkk;h lfefr usviuh 83oha fjiksVZ ^lst ds fØ;kdyki* esa Hkh mu bykdksa esa jh;y LVsV dsc<rs lV~Vsckth ij fpark trkbZ gS tgka lst cu jgs gSaA dsoy 35 ls 50Qhlnh izfØ;kxr {ks= ds vykok iwjs dks gkmflax o euksjatu ds fy, NksMfn;k tkrk gS vkSj ftlds dkj.k jh;y LVsV dEifu;ak lst ij gkoh gks jghagSaA bl rF; dh vksj lalnh; LFkk;h lfefr }kjk is'k fjiksVZ esa Hkh tksj fn;kx;k ¼ns[ksa lsD'ku 5½A ;g Hkh fd ckgjh {ks= es lst dh T;knk bdkbZ;ka ,dizfr;ksxh vFkZO;oLFkk ds ewy ekinaM dks detksj djrk gS vkSj T;knk vlarqyuiSnk djrk gSA
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 63 :
fu/kkZfjr y{; vc Hkh iwjs ugha\
okf.kT; ea=ky; ds lfpo us ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS fd Lohdr gq, fo'ks"k vkfFkZd{ks=ksa esa ls 40 Qhlnh dk fuekZ.k gks ugha gks ik;k gS ¼lst ij isuksl dYio{kehfM;k laokn & fnlECkj 2008½A blds vykok lk<s rhu yk[k yksxksa dksukSdfj;ka vkSj 90]000 djksM dk fuos'k gksus ds ekeys esa lst dh izekf.kdrk o{kerk ij loky mB jgs gSa D;ksafd bUgsa foLrr o Lora= ewY;kadu ds }kjkLFkkfir fd;k tkuk gSA vc ekStwnk vkfFkZd eanh us nqfu;k Hkj esa vkSj ns'k esavkbZVh] jh;y LVsV]vkSj fu;kZr {ks= ij lcls T;knk PkksV dh gSA okf.kT;ea=ky; us LOk;a Lohdkj fd;k gS fd fiNys N% eghuksa esa dsoy lst esa gh50]000 ukSdfj;ka [kREk gqbZ gSaA vkSj dbZ MsosyilZ vius lst dks vukvf/klwfprdjus ;k izkIr Lohdfr;ksa dks jnn djokus ds fy, drkj esa [kM+s gSaA
lkFk gh lst esa Bsdk etnwj dh gkyr lcls T;knk n;uh; gSA ekStwnk lst esaetnwjh U;wure ls Hkh de gSA lsu vkSj nklxqIrk us ebZ 2007 ds vius losZ{k.kesa ik;k fd uks,Mk esa lst odZj dks 9 ?kaVs dke ds fy, 80 : jkstkuk fey jgkgSA if'pe caxky esa QkYVk esa Hkh bruk gh fey jgk gSA ¼ns[ksa% http://
www.mainstreamweekly.net/article8.html½
Hkkjrh; uhfr esa tksu ds varxZr xfrfof/k ij cgqr gh de fofu;e gSA fu;kZrvk/kkfjr nkos ds gksrs gq, Hkh lst bdkbZ;ksa ij vyx ls ^ldkjkREkd 'kq} fons'khfofue; larqyu* ykxw djus dh t:jr gSA rc Hkh ;g tksu ds vkS|ksfxd bdkbZ;ksaij ykxw gksrk gSA ;fn lst dk y{; okLro esa fu;kZRk gS rks lst bdkbZ;ksa ijek= ^ldkjkREkd 'kq} fons'kh fofue; larqyu* /kkjk ykxw djus ds ctk; T;knk dM+h /kkjkdks lexzrk ls ykxw djus dh t:jr gSA fu;kZr vk/kkfjr bdkbZ;ksa dh vko';drk,aT;knk l[r Fkha vkSj fu/kkZfjr mn~ns';ksa ds foijhr vkdyu fd;k x;k rksbdkbZ;ksa us csgrj izn'kZu fd;k gSA lkFk gh ;g ftØ djuk t:jh gS fdoSf'od vFkZO;oLFkk dh egkeanh esa lst dss izksRlkgu ds fy, vPNk le; ughagS] tks fd fldqM+rk gqvk vkSj lajf{kr fu;kZr cktkj iSnk djsxkA lkFk gh ;gfuf'pr ugha gS fd mu MsosyilZ dk D;k gksxk ftuds lst fu;kZRk vko';drkvksa
: 64 :
A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
dks iwjk ugha dj ik,axsA Bhd mlh izdkj ;g fuf'pr ugha gS fd vukf/klwfprds fy, D;k izfØ;k gS\ eanh vkSj Mh,y,Q tSls lst MsosyilZ }kjkvukf/klwfpr djus ds fy, dh xbZ ekax bldh vlfy;r dks mtkxj dj jghgSA ,sls ekeyksa esa tehu dk D;k gksrk gS\ D;k ;g fdlkuksa dks okil ykSVk nhtk,xh\ ;fn ,slk gS rks dSls\
3- iz'kklu o yksdrkaf=d izfØ;kvksa ij izHkko
fons'kh bUdyso ds cuus ls iz'kkldh; O;oLFkk dk vkSj [kklrkSj ij LFkkuh;Loljdkjksa dk /oLr gksuk
lst vf/kfu;e dsUnz ,oa ukSdj'kkgh dks vuqPNsn 9] 11] 12 ,oa 31 ds rgrvf/kdkj ¼Lohdfr cksMZ o fodkl dfe'uj vkSj lst vFkkWjVh dk xBu djds½nsrh gS] ftudh tokcnsgh fuf'pr ugha gSA ;g rF; fd lst ds i;kZoj.k o Jelaca/kh Li"Vhdj.k] lqj{kk bartke] o lk/ku laca/kh vius fu;e o vf/kdkj gksaxs]ftldk eryc gS fd ;gka ekStwnk lafo/kku iznÙk vf/kdkjksa dks ykxw djukdfBu gksxkA lst ds fy, vyx U;k;ky; cukuk ekStwnk U;kf;d O;oLFkk dketkd mM+krk gSA bl ckjs esa dksbZ Li"Vrk ugha gS fd 73osa o 74osa la'kks/ku dsrgr pquko dSls fd;k tk,xk vkSj xzkelHkk ;k E;qfuflisfYkVh ds iz'kkldh;vf/kdkjksa dk D;k gksxk\
Lohdfr cksMZ }kjk lst izLrkoks ds p;u] lq/kkjksa o [kkfjt djus ds lEca/k esarS;kj fn'kkfunsZ'kksa esa dksbZ ikjnf'kZrk ugha gSA df"k] Je vkSj i;kZoj.k tSlsizeq[k ea=ky;ksa dh Hkwfedk o izLrqfr;ksa dks utjvankt fd;k x;kA iz'kklfudiqulqZ/kkj desVh ds ps;jeSu Jh ohjIik eksbyh dh lst ij fjiksVZ dk dguk gSfd] ^^gesa mn~ns';ijd ,oa larqfyr fopkjksa okys yksxksa dks 'kkfey djrs gq,Lohdfr cksMZ dks fQj ls xfBr djus dh t:jr gSA**
okf.kT; ea=ky; us nwljs ns'kksa ds lkFk lst lEca/kh v/;;u@rqyuk djus dhlkoZtfud ?kks"k.kk dh gSA bl ekeys esa Jh dfr lksek;k us vkjVhvkbZ nkf[ky
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 65 :
dh gS vkSj tokc esa ;g ekywe gqvk fd & ^^Jhyadk vkSj ckaaXykns'k tSls iMkslhns'kska ds ckjs esa fu;kZRk v/;;u gqvk gSA dksbZ Hkh nwljk oSKkfud fo'ys"k.k ;k v/;;u ekStwn ugha gSA**
tu ijke'kZ ;k lkekU; tqMko ds fy, dksbZ LFkku ugha
lst dkuwu dks fcuk yksxksa ds chp cgl pyk, tYnh esa ikl dj fn;k x;kAea=ky; }kjk lst dkuwu ij dksbZ Hkh tu ijke'kZ] Hkkxhnkjh vkSj vke cgl ughadjokbZ xbZA Hkkjrh; yksdra= ds nksuksa lnuksa us bl fcy dks ,d&,d fnu esa¼10 o 11 ebZ 2005½ dks ikfjr dj fn;k ftlesa dksbZ cgl ugha djkbZ xbZ vkSjcgqr ls mBs lokyksa dks utjvankt dj fn;k x;kA
blds vykok] vkjVhvkbZ dkuwu 2005 ds rgr tc okf.kT; ea=ky; ls LohdrizksTksDVksa ds ckjs esa tkudkjh ekaxh xbZ rks mlus ^O;kikj dh xksiuh;rk** ds ukeij tkudkjh nsus ls euk dj fn;kA ;g bl ckr ds ckotwn fd;k x;k fdcgqr ls ,sls izkstsDVksa us cM+s iSekus ij cgqr cMh la[;k esa yksxksa dks mudhvkthfodk ls oafpr fd;k gS blfy, mu yksxksa ds ckjs esa lkoZtfud fgr dsrgr lwpuk miyC/k djk;k tkuk pkfg,A rfeyukMq esa ,d 'kks/kkFkhZ&dk;ZdrkZdks cgqr vf/kd loky iwNus ij rfeyukMqq m|ksx izkf/kdj.k }kjk nks"kh Bgjk;kx;k ftldk eqdnek vHkh Hkh enzkl gkbZ dksVZ esa ¼dsl ua&2007 dk MCY;w-ih-33936½ py jgk gSA lu 2006 esa ,d ckj mijksDr vkosnu Lohdkj Hkh gqvk ijmldh vihy izfØ;k yEch Fkh gqbZ vkSj rfeyukMq lwpuk deh'ku ds le{kreke lquokb;ksa ds ckn 2007 ds var esa tkdj izLrqr gqbZA var esa dfe'uj usvkosnu dks vuqefr nsus dks pquk vkSj m|ksx foHkkx es ikjnf'kZrk ds vHkko ijdqN dMh fVIif.k;ka Hkh dhA
4- i;kZoj.k lECak/kh eqnns
lst ls tehu] gok o ikuh tSls izkdfrd lk/kuksa dk nksgu gksuk gS vkSj fu;a=.kfd;k tkuk gS vkSj ftudk bLrseky lst ds i;kZoj.kh; vljksa ls lh/kk tqM+k
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A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
gqvk gSA vkS|ksfxd mnns'; ds fy, fdlh Hkh {ks= ds Hkwfe mi;ksx esa cnykoml {ks= ds i;kZoj.kh; LokLF; o larqyu ij vfuok;Z vlj Mkyrk gSA tcfdfoMEcuk ;g gS fd lst dks fdlh lkekU; izkstsDV dh rjg gh i;kZoj.kh;eatwjh nh tk jgh gS] ftlesa Hkkoh fodkl ds i;kZoj.kh; vljksa ls lEcaf/krv/;;u ds ckjs esa dksbZ ftØ ugha gksrk gSA phu ds lst ds mnkgj.kksa ls ladsrfeyrk gS fd buls dkQh i;kZoj.kh; vlj iM+rs gSaA
Hkkjr igys ls gh ikuh ladV ds lkFk lkFk taxykss dh deh o tSofofo/krk dsladV ls xqtj jgk gSA dgus dk rkRi;Z ;g fd vkfFkZd fodkl ds ekStwnk <kapsls taxyksa o vU; lkekU; Hkwfe dk [kkRek gksxk( ty lalk/kuksa dk cM+s Lrj ijnksgu gksxk( rVh; Hkwfe dk fouk'k gksxk( gok vkSj ikuh ds iznw"k.k ds lkFk&lkFkbZ&dpjk Hkh fudysxkA tcfd bu lcdh x.kuk ugha dh tk jgh gSA
vxj bvkbZ, vf/klwpuk ds varxZr fn;s tkus okys i;kZoj.kh; eatwjh ls lstfo/ks;dksa dh rqyuk djsa rks mlesa dkQh vLi"Vrk vkSj fojks/kHkkl utj vkrhgSA bl lUnHkZ esa] fuEufyf[kr fcUnqvksa ij fopkj djuk egRoiw.kZ gSA lst dhbdkbZ;ksa dks i;kZoj.kh; eatwjh dh tulquokbZ ls NwV nsrs le; lst dkstulquokbZ dh t:jr gksrh gSA tcfd] eqanzk lst tSls ekeyksa esa i;kZokj.kea=ky; us flQkfj'k dh gS fd cgqmRikn lst ds fuekZ.k esa tulquokbZ dh NwVnh tk,A
Lohdfr ds 'krksZa ds ikyu dh fuxjkuh dk eqn~nk Hkh dkQh fpark dk fo"k; gSD;ksafd lHkh vf/kdkj MsoysiesaV dfe'uj ds gkFk esa dsfUnzr gSA lst esa fdlhckgjh ds izos'k ij jksd gS vkSj muesa flQZ vf/kdr O;fDr ds izos'k dkizko/kku gS] blfy, fdlh Hkh Lora= 'kks/kdrkZ }kjk dksbZ i;kZoj.k izHkkovkdyu ;k v/;;u ds fy, ifjlj esa izos'k djuk eqf'dy gSA
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 67 :
IV. lh,th }kjk mBk, x, eqnns
Hkkjr ds fu;a=d ,oa egkys[kk ijh{kd ¼lh,th½ us 2007 ds vkWfMV fjiksZZV esajs[kkafdr fd;k gS fd dqN ekStwnk fo'ks"k vkfFkZd {ks= ,d O;oLFkk ds rgr dk;Zdj jgs gSa ftlus ljdkj dks jkTkLo esa NwV nsus ds fy, izksRlkfgr fd;k gSA 11ekpZ 2008 dks laln esa is'k fd;s x;s lh,th fjiksVZ esa 370 lst bdkbZ;ksa dksbl lhfer y{; ds rgr tkap ds varxZr yk;k x;k rkfd irk yxk;k tk ldsfd mUgksaus ekStwnk ikjaifjd vf/kfu;e] fu;eksa] vf/klwpukvksa vkfn dk ikyufd;k gS fd ugha! leh{kk ls os iz.kkyhxr vkSj vuqikyu dh detksfj;ka lekusvk;ha ftlls jktLo esa 246-72 djksM+ #i;s dk uqdlku gqvkA blds vykoklh,th us mu mi;ksxh izko/kkuksa dh xSjekStwnxh dh vksj Hkh izdk'k Mkykftuds dkj.k jktLo esa 1724-67 djksM+ dh viwj.kh; {kfr gqbZA ljdkj }kjklst dks nh xbZ 'kqYd esa NwV ls 2000&01 ls ysdj 2005&06 dh vof/k dsnkSjku 8]842 djksM+ #i;s FkhA o"kZ 2006&07 ds fy, 'kqYd ij 2]146 djksM+#i;ksa ds NwV dk izko/kku fd;k x;kA
vkWfMV ds nkSjku ;g ik;k x;k fd flQZ 22 lst bdkbZ;ka fu/kkZfjr ^ldkjkREkd**'kq} fu;kZr fofue; dk Yk{; gkfly dj ikbZ gSa oks Hkh eq[;r% ?kjsyw fcØh dstfj,A bl rjg ;g ;kstuk ds mu mi&y{;ksa dh foQyrk gS ftudk mn~ns';okLrfod fu;kZRk dks c<+kuk FkkA gkykafd bu 22 bZdkb;ksa }kjk dqy feykdj7]149-23 djksM #i;s dk fu;kZr fd;k x;k] exj okLrfod fu;kZRk dsoy1]999-27 djksM #i;s ¼28 Qhlnh½ dk Fkk] 'ks"k 5]149-96 djksM+ #i;s ¼72Qhlnh½ ?kjsyw 'kqYd {ks= vkenuh ls lEcaf/kr FkkA bu bdkbZ;ksa esa dqy fu;kZRkvkenuh ds Qhlnh ds :i esa ?kjsyw vkenuh dk nk;jk esa 59 ls 100 FkkA bubdkbZ;ksa dks oLrqvksa ds vk;kr ij 1043-29 djksM+ #i;s dh lhek 'kqYd dh NwVnh x;hA
fjiksVZ ;g Hkh ladsr djrh gS fd lst }kjk gkfly fd;s x;s _.k mUgsa mu xSjlst bdkb;ksa ds eqdkcys vuqfpr ykHk igqapkrs gSa tks fd VSDl _.k gkflydjrs gSaA lh,th us fjiksVZ fd;k gS fd] ^^lst bdkb;ksa }kjk izkIr fd;s x;s
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A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
'kqYd esa NwV vkSj ^'kwU;* MhVh, nj ij ij Lohdr fd;s x;s mRiknksa ds fuekZ.kesa yxs ykxrksa dh okilh ds fy, dksbZ izko/kku ugha fd;k x;k gSA ljdkj dks,slh vlekurk ij /;ku nsus dh Tk:jr gS rkfd MhVh, bdkb;ksa ds lkFk&lkFklst bdkb;ksa ds chp leku Lrj lqfuf'pr fd;k tk ldsA
lst dh 'krksZa dk mYya?ku djds vk;kr fd;s tkus okys ekeyksa esa 'kqYd ughayxkus ls@lkr lst ij de 'kqYd yxkus ds dkj.k ljdkj 285-81 djksM+#i;s ls oafpr gqbZA vkWfMV ds ek/;e ls] lh,th us Li"V fd;k gS fdvfu;fer MhVh, fcØh ds dkj.k mRikn 'kqYd esa 84-37 djksM+ #i;s dh dehvk;hA blds vykok fjiksVZ mu [kkl ekeyksa dks js[kkafdr djrh gS tgkalh,th us fu/kZfjr fd;k gS fd O;fDrxr lst U;wure 'kq) fons'kh fofue;izn'kZu ¼,ubZ,Qih½ ugha gkfly dj jgh FkhaA fu;kZr v/kkfjr bdkbZ;ksa }kjk'kqYd eqDr vfu;fer vk;kr ls ljdkj ds jktLo esa Hkkjh deh vk;h gSA ,slh[kfe;ksa dh igpku djus ,oa le; ij 'kqYd mxkgh ds fy,] okf.kT; ,oa foÙkea=ky; ds chp dk;Z'khy leUo; rduhd LFkkfir djus dh t:jr gSA
e/;izns'k esa 31 ekpZ 2005 dks lekIr gq, o"kZ ds fy, lh,th dh vkfMV fjiksVZesa dgk x;k gS fd e/; izns'k jkT; vkS|ksfxd fodkl fuxe ¼,eih,lvkbZMhlh½22 lky igys vvf/kxzfgr dh dbZ [kkyh tehu dks bUnkSj lst dks de njij miyC/k djk jgh gS] ftlls 22-58 djksM+ #i;s ds jktLo dk uqdlku gqvkgSA
xksok dh vfu;ferrk,a
blh rjg xksok esa Hkh 31 ekpZ 2005 dks lekIr gq, o"kZ ds fy, lh,th dhvkWfMV fjiksVZ esa xksok vkS|ksfxd fodkl dkiksZjs'ku ¼thvkbZMhlh½ }kjk lkrlst ds fy, fd, x, Hkwfe vkcaVu dh tkap dh vkSj irk yxk;k fd tehu ijdCts [kkl rkSj ij vxLr 1992] vxLr 2001 vkSj ekpZ 2007 esa fd;s x;s Fks]ftudk bLrseky ugh fd;k tk ldk Fkk vkSj mUgsa lst MsosyilZ dks lLrs nkeksaij lkSai fn;k x;kA vkWfMV tkapdrkZvksa us 102-64 djksM+ ds jktLo ?kkVs dkirk yxk;kA
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 69 :
2009 dh izkjEHk esa xksok fo/kkulHkk }kjk leh{kk fd;ss gq, xksok ij lh,thfjiksVZ esa Lohdkjk x;k fd jkT; esa lst ls lEcaf/kr Hkwfe gLrkarj.k esa Hk;kud/kka/kfy;ka ikbZ xbZaA thvkbZMhlh dh leh{kk esa Hkkjr dh lh,th us mtkxjfd;k fd dkiksZjs'ku ds dk;Z esa ikjnf'kZrk dk vHkko Fkk] fcuk tukns'k ds dqNdkeksa dks fd;k x;k] Hk;kud vfu;ferrk,a Fkh] vkSj ftlds ifj.kkeLo:ijkT; dks Hkkjh jkTkLo dk ?kkVk gqvkA ¼lh,th] xksok jkT; fjiksVZ] Hkkx 7ljdkjh okf.kfT;d ,oa O;kikj xfrfof/k;ka½A vU; ekeyksa tSls osjuk baMfLVª;ybLVsV ds ekeysa esa Hkh fjiksVZ us lst dks gq, Hkwfe vkoaVu esa vfu;ferrkvksa dksjs[kkafdr fd;kA fjiksVZ crkrh gS fd] ^^osjuk pj.k 4 esa lst dks Hkwfe vkaoVuvfu;fer Fks D;ksafd Hkwfe ij vf/kxzg.k ,d vkS|ksfxd fodkl dsUnz ds fy,Hkkjr ljdkj ds foÙkh; lg;ksx ls fd;k x;k FkkA** xksok ljdkj us Hkkjrljdkj ds vkS|ksfxd fodkl dsUnz ;kstuk ds rgr y?kq ,oa e/;e bdkbZ;ksa dslkFk osjuk vkS|ksfxd bLVsV LFkkfir ,oa izksRlkfgr djus ds fy, nl djksM+ dhfoÙkh; lgk;rk gkfly dhA blds cnys] thvkbZMhlh us bLVsV esa vf/kxzfgrHkwfe lst dks vkcafVr fd;k] tks fd ;kstuk ds tukns'k dh fojks/kkHkklh gSAlh,th us vius fu"d"kZ esa dgk gS fd jkT; dks Hkkjr ljdkj ls gkfly nldjksM+ dh lgk;rk dks okil djus dh Tk:jr gSA
blds vykok lh,th viuh fjiksVZ esa ;g Li"V djrh gS fd rduhdh rkSj ijthvkbZMhlh lst uhfr ds rgr fdlh Hkh Hkwfedk ds fy, fu;r ugha gS] tcfdmlus lkr lst ds fy, 38-41 yk[k oxZ ehVj Hkwfe vkoafVr dhA lh,th dkdguk gS fd] ^^lst dks cxSj izdk'ku ds Hkwfe vkcaVu fd;k x;k vkSj og HkhjkT; ljdkj }kjk lst uhfr ikfjr djus ls dkQh igys fd;k x;kA thvkbZMhlhus pkj lst MsosyilZ dks lstcksMZ }kjk vkSipkfjd rkSj ij Lohdfr ls vf/kdHkwfe eqgS;k djkbZ vkSj mls jkT; }kjk r; dher ls 36-89 djksM :i;s de ijvkoafVr fd;k x;kA
xksok vkS|ksfxd fodkl dkjiksjs'ku ij lh,th dh fjiksVZ tks fd Hkkjr ljdkjdks twu 2008 esa lkSih xbZ mlesa fuEu fu"d"kZ fn;s x;s gSa %
■ vkxs forfjr djus ds fy, MsosyilZ dks Hkwfe vkcaVu djds fuxe viuhLFkkfir Hkwfedk ls gV xbZ] tcfd mldh Hkwfedk tehu vf/kxzg.k djds
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A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
lh/ks m|fe;ksa dks vkcafVr djus dh gSA
■ vkcaVu fcuk fdlh ikjn'khZ p;u izfØ;kvksa ds fd, x,A
■ lst dks cxSj izdk'ku ds Hkwfe vkcaVu fd;k x;k vkSj og Hkh jkT; ljdkj}kjk lst uhfr ikfjr djus ls dkQh igys fd;k x;kA
■ vkbZthlh ;kstuk ds rgr y?kq ,oa e/;e Lrj ds m|ksxksa ds fy,vf/kxzfgr Hkwfe dks lst dks vkcafVr fd;k x;k] tks fd Hkkjr ljdkj dsfn'kkfunsZ'k dk mYya?ku gSA
■ osjuk pj.k 4 ds fy, fizfe;e nj dk iqujh{k.k rc fd;k x;k tc dkQhla[;k esa de nj ij Hkwfe vkcafVr dj nh xbZ Fkh] ftldh otg ls jktLoesa 36-89 djksM+ #i;s dk uqdlku gqvkA
■ pkj lst dks vkcafVr tehu ds lehi de nj ij tehu vkcafVr fd;kx;k ftlls 39-47 djksM+ #i;s dk uqdlku gqvkA
■ nks lst MsosyilZ dks cxSj fdlh eatwj QkewZyk ds 14-36 yk[k oxZ ehVjHkwfe vkcafVr fd;k x;k] ftlds ifj.kkeLo:i 17-76 djksM+ dk uqdlkugqvkA
¼lzksr % lh,th] xksok jkT; fjiksVZ] Hkkx 7 ljdkjh okf.kfT;d ,oa O;kikj xfrfof/k;ka½
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 71 :
V. okf.kT; ij lalnh; LFkk;h lfefr }kjk mBk, x,loky
eqjyh euksgj tks'kh dh v/;{krk esa fiNyh ljdkj dh okf.kT; ij lalnh;LFkk;h lfefr us ^lst ds fØ;kdyki* ij viuh 83oha fjiksVZ 20 twu 2007 dkslaln esa izLrqr dhA fjiksVZ us lst uhfr vkSj mlds fØ;kU;o;u ij dqN csgnizklafxd loky mBk, gSaA lfefr }kjk lcls vkykspukRed flQkfj'k esa^Bgjko o fparu* dh vko';drk 'kkfey gSA fjiksVZ us lkQ rkSj ij eatwjh cksMZ}kjk ftl rst xfr ls Lohdfr;ka nh tk jgh gSa ml ij fpark tkfgj dh tcfdlHkh frekfg;ksa esa bl ij vk'kadk trkbZ xbZ FkhA
fjiksVZ esa ;g Hkh dgk x;k gS fd lalnh; lfefr ds lnL;ksa }kjk dh xbZ tkapdh izfØ;k esa] LFkkuh; iz'kklu lkeus ugha vk;h] jkT; ljdkjsa lg;ksxh ugha FkhavkSj dbZ txg milfefr;ksa dks yksxksa ls feyus ls jksdk x;kA
lcls egRoiw.kZ ;g fd fjiksVZ us cM+s lst ds ifj.kkeLo:i c<+rs foLFkkiu dhvkykspuk dh ftlls foLFkkiu ,oa dbZ txg ij lV~Vsckth c<+ jgh gSA jkT;lHkk esa 24 vDVwcj 2008 dks izLrqr dkjZokbZ fjiksVZ ¼87oha fjiksVZ½ esa okf.kT;ea+=ky; us [kqn dks Hkwfe eqnns dh ftEesnkjh ls nks"keqDr dgrs gq, fuEu rhuckrsa O;Dr dh gS %
■ okf.kT; ea=ky; us ;g dgrs gq, fn'kkfunsZ'k tkjh fd;k Fkk fd 5 vizSy2007 ds ckn futh lst ds fuekZ.k ds fy, Hkwfe vf/kxzg.k vf/kfu;e 1894ds rgr fdlh dh Hkh tehu dk tcju vf/kxzg.k ugha fd;k tk,xkA
■ foLFkkiu ds eqn~ns ds lek/kku ds fy, Hkwfe vf/kxzg.k vf/kfu;e vkSjiquokZl fcy 2007 esa la'kks/ku ds fy, ljdkj us nks fcy is'k fd;k FkkA
■ varr% tehu dk ekeyk jkT; ds varxZr vkrk gS vkSj bl rjg jkT;ksa dkdÙkZO; gS fd os dsUnz }kjk tkjh fn'kkfunsZ'kksa dk ikyu djsa vkSj Vdjko lscpsaA
: 72 :
A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
lHkh rhuksa rdZ vi;kZIr gSa D;ksafd os lst dh fuekZ.k esa ekStwnk tehuh lPpkb;kasadks vuns[kh djrs gSaA gkyakfd futh fo'ks"k vkfFkZd {ks=ksa ls lh/ks Hkwfe [kjhnusdh vis{kk dh tkrh gS ij dbZ ekeyksa esa vkS|ksfxd fodkl fuxeksa ds ek/;els tehu vf/kxzg.k fd;k tkrk gS vkSj fQj mls futh dEifu;ksa dks lkSaik tkrkgSA fiNyh ljdkj ds nkSjku tks nks fcy laln esa is'k fd;s x, Fks muesafoLFkkiu dh leL;k vkSj fdlkuksa o xzkeh.k leqnk;ksa ls tehu gfFk;kus dhleL;k ds lek/kku ds fy, dkQh dqN fd;k tkuk gS vkSj bl ij dkQh cglgks pqdh gSA
lalnh; LFkk;h lfefr dh dqN vU; flQkfj'kksa dks ftUgsa okf.kT; ea=ky; }kjkdkjZokbZ fjiksVZ esa njfdukj fd;k x;k muesa fuEu ckrsa 'kkfey gSa %
■ lst ds larqfyr {ks=h; fodkl ds fy, lst dh eatwjh ij {ks=okj lhek r;dh tk,A
■ vuko';d lkekftd <kaps ij ikcanh yxk;h tk,■ foÙkh; izksRlkgu dks fu;kZr ls tksM+k tk,■ lst dh VSDl fj;k;rsa lkWVos;j rduhdh ikdksZa ,oa fu;kZr vk/kkfjr
bdkbZ;ksa ds vuq:i gSa & rks fQj lst dh t:jr D;ksa gS\■ Je vk;qDr ds vf/kdkj dks fodkl vk;qDr dks lkSaius ij fQj ls /;ku
fn;k tk,A
lcls T;knk egRoiw.kZ ;g fd lalnh; LFkk;h lfefr us okf.kT; ea=ky; dhbl vk/kkj ij f[kapkbZ dh fd 83oha fjiksVZ ds tkjh gksus ds le; Lohdfr cksMZ}kjk 152 vkSipkfjd Lohdfr;ka vkSj 82 vf/klwpuk,a Fkha vkSj blds ckotwnlfefr }kjk la'kks/ku gksus rd eatwjh dks jksdus dh flQkfj'k ds ckotwn bldsfy, dksbZ iz;kl ugha fd;s x;sA tc jkT;lHkk esa dkjZokbZ fjiksVZ is'k fd;k x;krc Lohdr lst dh la[;k 500 ls T;knk gks pqdh FkhA okf.kT; ea=ky; us ek=bruk dgk fd og lst ds dk;Z izn'kZu ,oa vljksa ij fd, tkus okys ,doSKkfud fo'ys"k.k dh izfØ;k esa FkkA
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 73 :
VI. dsUnzh; xzkeh.k fodkl ea=ky; dh lfefr }kjk mtkxjdh xbZ vk'kadk,a
dsUnzh; xzkeh.k fodkl ea=ky; dh jkT; df"k lEca/k ,oa Hkwfe ds viw.kZ dk;Z dhlfefr ¼LVsV ,xzsfj;u fjys'kal ,aM vufQfu'M VkLd vkWQ ySaM½ dh fjiksVZ uslst ds lEca/k esa fuEufyf[kr vk'kadk,a O;Dr dh gSa %
■ fjiksVZ us lst uhfr dks ^vfr vk'kadkiw.kZ** lst ¼ist ii½ dgk gS] vkSj lstuhfr 2005 dks ^^cgqrk;r esa fojks/kkHkklh** ¼ist 133½ dgk gSA
■ fjiksVZ dk dguk gS fd lst vf/kfu;e ,oa fu;e esa iznw"k.k fu;a=.k cksMZ ;krVh; dkuwu lEca/kh izko/kkuksa dh fdlh Hkwfedk dk ftØ ugha gS] vkSj ;grVh; fofu;e {ks= ¼lhvkjtsM½ vf/klwpuk 1991 esa la'kks/ku dk Qk;nkmBkrh gS] tks fd lst dks ikjfLFkfrdh :i ls laosnu'khy rVh; bykdksa,oa ^fodkl izfrca/k {ks=* esa LFkkfir djus dh vuqefr nsrh gS ¼135&6½A
■ fjiksVZ ;g Hkh o.kZu djrh gS fd lst vf/kfu;e ¼2005½ fdl rjg ^^ikuhdh t:jr iwjk djus ds fy, [kqyh NwV** nsrh gS] tks fd ikuh ds lzksr dsckjs esa dksbZ ftØ ugha djrh gS vkSj izLrkfor tksu esa ikuh ds bLrseky ijdkuwu ,oa lhek Hkh fu/kkZfjr ugha djrh gS ¼ist 142½A xqtjkr ds ekeysdk gokyk nsrs gq,] xqtjkr lst vf/kfu;e dh vkykspuk djrh gS ftldsvuqlkj] ^lst bdkbZ;ksa dks i;kZIr ikuh vkiwfrZ dk izko/kku lqfuf'pr djusds fy, lst MsosyilZ dks ty vkiwfrZ ,oa forj.k ds fy, Lohdfr nhtk,xh** vkSj dgrh gS fd eqanzk lst lfgr vU; m|ksxksa dks ljnkj ljksojifj;kstuk ls yk[kks yhVj ikuh vkcafVr djus ckjs esa dgrh gS] ftllslw[kk izHkkfor {ks=ksa ds fy, ty miyC/krk ij vlj iM+us ds dkj.k lh,thus mldh lu 2006 esa vkykspuk dh Fkh ¼ist 142½A
■ dsUnzh; xzkeh.k fodkl ea=ky; dh jkT; df"k lEca/k ,oa Hkwfe ds viw.kZdk;Z lfefr dk Li"V :i ls dguk gS fd] ^^df"k Hkwfe dks xSj&df"kmi;ksx ds fy, gLrkarfjr djus ds xaHkhj ifj.kke gksaxsA** ¼ist 229½
: 74 :
A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
■ dsUnzh; xzkeh.k fodkl ea=ky; dh jkT; df"k lEca/k ,oa Hkwfe ds viw.kZdk;Z lfefr dh iz'kklfud eqn~ns ,oa uhfr ij mi lfefr us fy[kk gS fd607 ftyksa esa ls 53 ftyksa esa lst dh vf/klwpuk ls fuf'pr :i vlekurkdks c<+kok feysxkA
milfefr us lst vf/kfu;e dh foLrkj ls leh{kk vkSj vuqlwfpr bykdksa esaHkwfe gLrkarj.k esa NwV dks jksdus vkSj lst@,lVhtsM ds fy, lkewfgd lEifÙk,oa df"k Hkwfe dks gLrkarfjr djus ij jksd yxkus dh flQkfj'k dh gSA blusvf/kfu;e esa lst ifj;kstukvksa ds fy, ykxr&ykHk fo'ys"k.k dk vHkko ;k^^df"k Hkwfe dks xSj&df"k mi;ksx ds fy, gLrkarj.k ls gksus okys uqdlku vkSjmlds ifj.kkeLo:i vkthfodk dh {kfr ds vkdyu ds vHkko dh Hkh vkykspukdh gSA** ¼ist 134½
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 75 :
VII. vafre lkj
mijksDr mfYyf[kr eqnns ukxfjd lekt ds izfrfuf/k;ksa] dk;ZdrkZvksa ,oaizHkkfor leqnk; izfrfuf/k;ksa }kjk dsUnzh; okf.kT; ea=h] okf.kT; ea=ky; dsfo'ks"k lfpo] okf.kT; jkT; ea=h ds lkFk flracj 2007 esa vkSj okf.kT; ijlalnh; LFkk;h lfefr ds lkFk vizSy 2007 esa gqbZ cSBd esa mBk;s x,A gj ckjfopkj foe'kZ djus ds vk'oklu fn, x, ysfdu dksbZ Hkh ,slh igy ugha dh xbZvkSj muds le{k j[ks x;s ekaxksa dh vkt rd vuns[kh dh xbZA bl chp gkykrvkSj fcxM x,] 550 izkstsDVksa dks Lohdfr fey x;h vkSj Hkwfe dk vf/kxzg.ktkjh gSA
gekjk ekuuk gS fd ekStwnk lst dkuwu o uhfr ns'k ds lalk/kuksa ds futhdj.kdks fo/kk;h o U;kf;d lg;ksx iznku djrs gSa vkSj blls yksdrkaf=d iz'kklfudO;oLFkk vfLFkj gks ldrh gSA blds vykok ;s lst ls izHkkfor gksus okysetnwjksa] fdlkuksa o vU; leqnk;ksa dks muds ekStwnk vf/kdkjksa ls oafpr djrs gSaAlst dkuwu ,oa uhfr ds varxZr futh daifu;ksa dks iznku fd;s tkus okyhfj;k;rksa ds QyLo:i ns'k dh vFkZO;oLFkk ds lkFk&lkFk ljdkjh dks"k ijiM+us okys Hkkjh cks> ij ge viuh fpark O;DRk djrs gSaA
blfy, ge ,d ckj fQj etcwrh ls ekax djrs gSa fd ,sls vkS|ksfxd o vkfFkZdfodkl lqfuf'pr fd, tk,a tks fd fVdkÅ] yksdrkaf=d o U;k;iw.kZ gksa vkSjbl utfj, ls lst dkuwu dh xgu leh{kk dh tk,A gekjh ekax gSa fd%
■ last dh Hkkoh Lohdfr;ksa dks fQygky LFkfxr fd;k tk,A
■ ekStwnk lst ds fØ;kdykiksa ds lkFk lkFk lalnh; LFkk;h lfefr dh 83ohafjiksVZ esa dh xbZ flQkfj'kksa dh Lora= leh{kk djokbZ tk,A tu fopkjfoe'kZ ,oa tulquokbZ;ksa ds ek/;e ls lst dh lokZtfud vkWfMV djokbZtk,A
■ ftu bykdksa esa Lohdfr ,oa vf/klwpuk ds f[kykQ fojks/k gks jgk gS ogka
: 76 :
A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
ifj;kstukvksa dks fujLr ;k vukf/klwfpr fd;k tk, vkSj Hkwfe vf/kxzg.kdks jn~n fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
■ bl dkuwu ds vlaoS/kkfud LoHkko ds dkj.k bls varr% fujLr fd;k tkukpkfg,A
gekjh ekax gS fd yksdrkaf=d <aax ls pquh gqbZ ljdkj dEifu;ksa vkSj MsosyilZds ctk; ukxfjdksa ,oa yksxksa ds fgrksa ds izfr tokcnsgh lqfuf'pr djsA
gLrk{kjdrkZ1- lst fojks/kh eap] xksvk
2- lst&fojks/kh la?k"kZ lfefr] jk;xM+] ekgjk"Vª
3- dSEisu vxsaLV Lis'ky bdksukWfed tksUl ¼fljkiq iks:ykFkjk eaMyk ,fMjkIiqbZ;kDde½] rfeyukMq
4- djkokyh dukZVdk tukfHkof) osfnds] eaxyksj
5- ekr Hkwfe j{kk la?k"kZ lfefr] xxjsV] fgekpy çns'k
6- dukZVd MksesfLVd odZlZ ;wfu;u ,aM ,u,ih,e] dukZVd
7- unh ?kkVh ekspkZ] NÙkhlx<+
8- vka/kz izns'k ,fxzdYpjy odZlZ ;wfu;u ,aM ,u,ih,e] vka/kz izns'k
9- fdlku la?k"kZ lfefr] e/; çns'k
10- vktknh cpkvks vkanksyu
11- us'kuy ,yka,l vkWQ ihiqYl eqoesaV~l
12- Fkuky] dsjy
13- fjoj csflu ÝsaM~l] u‚FkZ bZLV
14- eerk nkl] us'kuy Qksje Q‚j QksjsLV ihiqy ,aaM QkWjsLV odZlZ
FIVE YEARS OF SEZ ACT
: 77 :
15- çhfr lair] etnwj fdlku 'kfä laxBu
16- v'kksd vxzoky] vf/koDrk] lqçhe dksVZ] ubZ fnYyh
17- v'khe tSu] caxyksj
18- jksfgr tSu] Jqfr] ubZ fnYyh
19- vflr nkl
20- esgsj baftfu;j
21- vferk ckfoLdj] ,lksfl,V çksQslj] bULVhV~;wV v‚Q bdksukWfed xzksFk]fnYyh fo'ofo|ky;
22- f'ko paæ <dky] vflLVsaV çksQslj] Ldwy v‚Q lks'ky odZ
23- lsaVj Q‚j dE;wfuVh v‚xZukbts'ku ,aaM MsosyiesaV çSDVhl
24- VkVk baLVhV~;wV v‚Q lks'ky lkbalst
25- v#.k dqekj] çksQslj] ts,u;w
26- ;kfeuh vkRefoykl] ,lksfl;sV çksQslj ,aM ps;j] tsaMj LVMht] lsaVj Q‚jáweu MsosyiesaV
27- lrh'k dqekj tSu] çksQslj v‚Q bdksu‚feDl] lsaVj Q‚j bdksukWfedLVMht ,aM Iykfuax] ts,u;w
28- çnhi bLVsfol] dksaVsDLV bafM;k] caaxyksj
29- vlhe JhokLro] vFkZ'kkL=h ,oa ys[kd
30- jkts'k jke-".ku] ubZ fnYyh
31- deky psu‚;] çksQslj] ts,u;w
32- fot;u ,e-ts-] fnYyh Qksje
33- g"kZ diwj] lkmFk ,f'k;k flfVtUl osc
: 78 :
A Citizens' Report Card on Special Economic Zones
34- y{e.ku] lgk;d çksQslj] enzkl baLVhV~;wV vkWQ lks'ky LVMht] psUubZ
35- fDyVu ,aM fl)kFkZ ukjk;.k] vkYVusZfVo y‚ Qksje] caxyksj
36- fç;adk ekFkqj foysFk] ih,pMh LdkWyj] lsaVj Q‚j fn LVMh v‚Q y‚ vkaMxousZUl] ts,u;w
37- vk'kh"k ?kks"k] ubZ fnYyh
38- tsEl ikspqjhZ] ,D'ku ,M] ubZ fnYyh
39- foYÝsM Mh] tsujy lsØsVjh] bafM;u lks'ky ,D'ku Qksje ¼balkQ½
40- ,l- ij'kqjkeu] funs'kd] VkVk baLVhV~;wV v‚Q lks'ky lkbalst
41- f=ykspu 'kkL=h] çksQslj ,aM Mhu ¼,dsMfed½] bafM;u baLVhV~;wV v‚QeSustesaV] caaxyksj
42- LoIuk cuthZ&xqgk] çksQslj v‚Q MsosyiesaV LVMht] Ldwy vkWQ lks'kylkbalst] VkVk baLVhV~;wV v‚Q lks'ky lkbalst] eqacbZ] Hkkjr
43- jkekLokeh v¸;j] ubZ fnYyh
44- vrqy pksD'kh] çksQslj] fMikVZesaV v‚Q esVhfj;Yl baftfu;fjax] bafM;ubaLVhV~;wV v‚Q lkbUl
45- ukxs'k gsxM+s] caxyksj
46- nhid ey?ku] ,flLVsaV çksQslj] lsaVj Q‚j ifCyd i‚fylh] bafM;ubaLVhV~;wV v‚Q eSustesaV] caxyksj