five year plans of india
DESCRIPTION
full analysis of Indian five year plans,objectives,achievements and problemsTRANSCRIPT
First Five Year Plan(1951-55)
Total budget: 206.8 billion (INR) or USD$23.6 billion.
Objectives the standard of living Community and agriculture
development Energy and irrigation Communications and
transport Industry Land rehabilitation Social services Target of GDP growth 2.1 per
year Achieved had been 3.6% per
year
ACHIEVEMENTS
GDP 3.6% per year Evolution of good irrigation
system
improvement in roads civil aviation railways Telegraphs posts manufacture of fertilizers electrical equipment
Disadvantages
development of only a few industries private industry had not developed
Second Five Year Plan(1956-1961)
OBJECTIVES To increase by 25% the national
income To make the country more
industrialized To increase employment
opportunities so that every citizen gets a job
Development of Mining and industry Community and agriculture
development Power and irrigation Social services Communications and transport Miscellaneous
ACHIEVEMENTS
5 steel plants
a hydro-electric power project
production of coal increased
more railway lines
Land reform measures
improved the living standards of the people
The large enterprises in seventeen industries were nationalized
Disadvantages eliminate the importation of consumer
goods high tariffs Low quotas or banning some items
altogether License were required for starting new
companies This is when India got its License Raj, the
bureaucratic control over the economy When a business was losing money the
Government would prevent them from shutting down
OBJECTIVES More stress to agriculture subsidies Sufficient help
Effective use of country's resources
To increase the national income by 5% per year
To increase the production of agriculture so that the nation is self sufficient in food grains
To provide employment opportunities for every citizen of the country
To establish equality among all the people of the country
Third Five Year Plan (1961-1966)
ACHIEVEMENTS Decentralization Organizations formed Panchayat Zila Parishads
Laid emphasis on oil conservation irrigation Afforestation dry farming Many fertilizer and cement plants
were built Green Revolution
PMsJawaharlal NehruGulzarilal Nanda
Lal Bahadur Shastri
Problems faced
Sino Indian War, India witnessed increase in price of products. The resulting inflation
4th Five Year Plan(1969 to 1974)
OBJECTIVES to reform and restructure
govts expenditure agenda( defense became one major expense)
To facilitated growth in exports
to alter the socio economic structure of the society
ACHIEVEMENTS Great advancement has
been made with regard to India's national income
considered as one of the emerging powers
served as a stepping stone for the economic growth
Food grains production increased
problems
a gap was created between the people of the rural areas and those of the urban areas.
Due to recession, famine and drought, India did not pay much heed to long term goals
Fifth Five Year Plan 1974 to1979
OBJECTIVES To reduce social, regional,
and economic disparities To enhance agricultural
productivity To check rural and urban
unemployment To encourage self-
employment Production support policies
in the cottage industry sector
To develop labor intensive technological improvements
PROBLEMS The international economy
was in a trouble Food, oil, and fertilizers
where prices sky-rocketed Several inflationary
pressures
ACHIEVEMENTS Food grain production was
above 118 million tons due to the improvement of infrastructural facilities
Bombay High had shot up the commercial production of oil in India
Problems faced
The world economy was in a troublesome state
This had a negative impact on the Indian economy
Prices in the energy and food sector skyrocketed and as a consequence inflation became inevitable
Sixth Five Year Plan 1980 to1985
OBJECTIVES To improve productivity level To initiate modernization for
achieving economic and technological self-reliance
To control poverty and unemployment
To develop indigenous energy sources and efficient energy usage
To promote improved quality of life of the citizens
To introduce Minimum Needs Program for the poor
To initiate Family Planning
ACHIEVEMENTS Speedy industrial
development Emphasis on the information
technology sector self sufficiency in food science and technology also
made a significant advance several successful programs
on improvement of public health
government in the Indian healthcare sector
Government investments in the Indian healthcare sector
Problems faced
During this time the Prime Minister was Rajiv Gandhi and hence industrial development was the emphasis of this plan some opposed it specially the communist groups, this slowed down the pace of progress.
Seventh Five Year Plan 1985 to 1989
OBJECTIVES Anti-poverty program Improved facilities for education
to girls The government undertook to
increase productivity of Oilseeds,Fruits,Vegetables Pulses,cereals,Fish Egg,Meat,milk. Communications Emergence of informatics, and
hooking up of telecommunications with computers
Transport inland waterways, product
pipelines, civil aviation, coastal shipping
ACHIEVEMENTS Social Justice Removal of oppression of
the week Using modern technology Agricultural development Anti-poverty programs Full supply of food,
clothing, and shelter Increasing productivity of
small and large scale farmers
Making India an Independent Economy
Problems
1989-91 was a period of political instability in India and hence no five year plan was implemented
In 1991, India faced a crisis in foreign exchange(Forex) reserves
Eighth Five Year Plan 1992 to1997
OBJECTIVES Prioritize the specific sectors which
requires immediate investment To generate full scale employment Promote social welfare measures
like improved healthcare, sanitation, communication and provision for extensive education facilities at all levels
To check the increasing population growth by creating mass awareness programs
To encourage growth and diversification of agriculture
To strengthen the infrastructural facilities
To place greater emphasis on role of private initiative in the development of the industrial sector
ACHIEVEMENTS Rise in the employment level Poverty reduction Self-reliance on domestic
resources
Self-sufficiency in agricultural production
GDP Growth Per Annum 5.6
Ninth Five Year Plan1997 to 2002
OBJECTIVES to prioritize rural development to generate adequate
employment opportunities to stabilize the prices to ensure food and nutritional
security to provide for the basic
infrastructural facilities like education for all, safe drinking water, primary health care, transport, energy
to check the growing population increase
to encourage social issues like women empowerment
to create a liberal market for increase in private investments
ACHIEVEMENTS A combined effort of public,
private, and all levels of government
ensured the growth of India's economy.
Service sector showed fast growth rate
Tenth Five Year Plan(2002-2007)
OBJECTIVES To transform the country into the fastest growing economy of the world targets an annual economic growth of 10% Human and social development The social net Industry and services:
Industry,Minerals,Energy,Information technology,Tourism,Real estate,Construction,Internal trade
Forests and environment Science and technology Special area programs
schooling to be compulsory for children
Eleventh five year plan
OBJECTIVES Income & Poverty Education Health Women and Children Infrastructure Environment