first results from tests of gaseous detectors assembled from resistive meshes
DESCRIPTION
First results from tests of gaseous detectors assembled from resistive meshes. P. Martinengo 1 , E. Nappi 2 , R. Oliveira 1 , V. Peskov 1 , F. Pietropaola 3 , P. Picchi 4 1 CERN, Geneva, Switzerland 2 INFN Bari, Bari, Italy 3 INFN Padova, Padova, Italy 4 NFN Frascati, Frascati, Italy. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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First results from tests of gaseous detectors assembled
from resistive meshes
P. Martinengo1, E. Nappi2, R. Oliveira1, V. Peskov1, F. Pietropaola3, P. Picchi4
1CERN, Geneva, Switzerland2INFN Bari, Bari, Italy
3 INFN Padova, Padova, Italy4NFN Frascati, Frascati, Italy
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Why not combining RPC and Micromegas
For large Micromegas (not segmented) discharge can be a problem for electronics. This can be avoided by adopting the RPC principle
1- Resistive anode2- Resistive mesh : few M Ω.cm Kapton holes made with LASER (collaboration with Rui)
cathode
Anode
Resistive mesh
I.Laktineh, IPN-Lyon, Rpeort at the November 2009 RD51meeting
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Signal obtained from the mesh: Pream ORTEC142B+AMPLIFIER(gain=20)
Preliminary
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We have ordered from Rui resistive meshes much before the Laktineh talk,
however received it after the Laktineh talk
.. so certainly we give him and his group all credits
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Resistive Mesh Detectors
This approach could be an alternative/or complimentary to the ongoing efforts in developing
MICROMEGAS and GEMs with resistive anode readout plates and can be especially beneficial in the
case of micropattern detectors combined with a micropixel-type integrated front end electronics.
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it was made from resistive Kapton by a laser drilling technique
Mesh #1 had a thickness t= 20μm, hole’s diameter d=70 μm and hole spacing a=140 μm, resistivity –a few MΩ/□
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a)
PPAC,G=1-3mm
b)
MICROMEGAS,G=-0.1-0.3mm
c)
GEM,G=0.05-0.1mm
Drift mesh
Spacers
Amplifier
GEM,G=0.2mm+MICROMEGASG=0.01-0.3mm
d)
Resistive mesh
From these stretched meshes different detectors could be assembled:
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3 mm gap RPC: mesh #2 had t=25 μm, d=0.7 mm and a=1.7 mm; mesh #3 had t=25 μm , d=0.8 mm, a=2.8mm;
Meshed # 2 and #3 were manufactured by usual mechanical drilling techniques.
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View from the bottom
Resitsive anode Readout strips
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Some results obtained with large gap resistive mesh RPC
RM-RPC, G=3mm
1.00E-011.00E+001.00E+011.00E+021.00E+031.00E+04
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
Voltage (V)
Gai
n
In fact it is an RPC with a drift region!
Large-gap mesh RPCs were used in early experiments just to demonstrate the operational principleSpark’s energy was suppresses on orders of magnitude(For the details of measurement see :A. Di Mauro et al., arXiv:0706.0102, 2007 )
Resistive RPCCathode-mesh: t=25 μm, d=0.7 mm and a=1.7 mm
Anode –resistive KaptonCathode –anode gap 3mm
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RM-RPC,G=1mm
1.00E-011.00E+001.00E+011.00E+021.00E+031.00E+041.00E+05
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
Voltage (V)
Gai
n
Ne+8%CH4
Ar+8%CH4
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1 10 100 1000 10000
Rate (Hz/cm2)
Sig
nal
am
pli
tud
e (a
rb.
un
its)
Max available ratewith our 55Fe
Some results obtained with the resistive mesh#1
Resistive MICROMEGASCathode-mesh (t= 20μm, d=70 μm , a=140 μm)
Anode –metallicCathode –anode gap 1mm
With alphas we almost reached the Raether limit,with 55F we were 10 times below it indicating that at high voltages breakdowns were due to imperfections
55Fe
Triangles-alphas, squares-55Fe
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Resistive MICROMEGASCathode-mesh (t= 20μm, d=70 μm , a=140 μm)
Anode –metallic or resistive KaptonCathode –anode gap 0.1mmFishing line and Kapton spacers
The same tendency as with a 1mm gap detectors: the Raether limit is reached with alphas, but not with 55Fe (due to even stronger contribution of imperfections at this very small gap)
Triangles-alphas, squares-55Fe
Triangles-alphas, squares-55Fe
RM-mM, G=0.1mm, Ar+10%CH4
1
10
100
1000
0 200 400 600
Voltage (V)
Ga
in
Kapton spacers
RM-mM, G=0.2mm, Ar+15%CO2
1
10
100
1000
0 200 400 600 800 1000
Voltage (V)
Gai
n
Kapton spacers
Preliminary!
Preliminary!
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Resistive GEM:Two parallel meshes (t= 20μm, d=70 μm , a=140 μm)
Gap =0.05mmFishing lines and Kapton spacers
Triangles-alphas, no signals were observed with 55Fe
The maximum achievable gain forthe resistive GEM was low,probably due to the mesh and design defect
RM-GEM
Drift
RM-GEM, G=0.05mm Ar+20%CO2
1
10
100
0 100 200 300 400
Voltage (V)
Ga
in
Kapton spacers
Preliminary!
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1
10
100
1000
10000
0 200 400 600 800 1000
Voltage(V)
Gai
n
RM-mM
RM-mM+RM-GEM
Triangles-alphas, squares-55Fe
Cascaded resistive mesh detectors
Resistive GEMs in cascade:Two parallel meshes (t= 20μm, d=70 μm , a=140 μm)
Gaps =0.2mm, fishing line spacers
Drift
RM-GEM
RM-μM
Ar+15%CO2
Voltage drop over RM-GEM 700V, transfer field 1.5kV/cm Single
(Cascaded)
Raether limit is reached with55Fe!
Preliminary!
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Preliminary conclusion:resistive meshes are ideal for multistep
designs:
Higher gains
No discharge propagation (the main enemy in
cascaded metallic GEMs)
Potentially good position resolution
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Position resolution:
It is already 2-3 times better that was obtained with a RETGEM. We are quite confident that a much better position resolution can be achieved with a finer mesh and with more accurate measurements and work in this direction is now in progress.
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Strip grpou number
Sig
nal
am
pli
tud
e (V
) Preliminary!
~300um
Pulse profile
CsI
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Conclusions. ● Resistive meshes developed and tested in this work are convenient construction blocks for various spark-protective detectors including the GEM-like and MICROMEGAS-like.
● Due to the small diameter of their holes and the fine pitch, a better position resolution can be achieved with resistive mesh –based detectors than with the RETGEMs.
● No discharge propagation was observed in our experiment when RMDs operated in cascade mode. One of the advantages of the cascade mode is the possibility to reduce an ion back flow to the cathode which can be an attractive features for some applications such as photodectors or TPC.
● Our nearest efforts will be focused on developments and tests of fine pitch meshes manufactured by various techniques and on optimization its geometry and resistivity. This will allow for the building of high position resolution spark protected micropattern detectors. One of the possibilities is to use the fine resistive mesh for MICROMGAS combined with a micropixel readout plate; this approach can be an alternative to current efforts from various groups to develop micropixel anode plate with resistive spark protective coating