first aid eye june 2006
TRANSCRIPT
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Eyes: Trauma
Retinologist & Eye Surgeon
SN Medical College, Agra
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Knowing what to do for an eye emergency
can save valuable time and
possibly prevent permanent vision loss.
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Why should we be concerned?
Eye injuries of all types
occur at the rate of
about 2000/day in India
Up to 20% of these
result in temporary or
permanent vision loss.
80% people who receive
eye injuries were not
wearing eye protection.
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Immediately flush the eye with water.Keep the eye open and as wide as possible while
flushing. Continue flushing for at least 15 minutes.
If a contact lens is in the eye, begin flushing over thelens immediately.
DO NOT bandage the eye.
Seek immediate ophthalmological treatment afterflushing.
Chemical Burns to the Eye
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Specks (foreign object) in the Eye
DO NOT rub the eye
Try to let tears wash the speck
out Try lifting the upper eyelid
outward and down over thelower lid
Flush with water
If unable to remove, coverboth eyes with gauze and seekmedical attention
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Specks (foreign object) in the EyeTo help someone else
1.Washyour hands.
2. Seat the person in awell-lighted
area.
3. Gently examine the eye to find
the object. Pull the lower lid
down and ask the person to look
up. Then hold the upper lid while
the person looks down.
4. If the object is floating in the tear
film on the surface of the eye, try
flushing it out.
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Apply a cold compress without putting pressure on eye.
In cases of pain, reduced vision, or discoloration (black
eye), seek emergency medical care.
Retinal evaluation at 2 weeks should also be arranged.
Blows to the Eye
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Penetrating Eye InjuriesCuts and Punctures ofthe Eye orEyelid
Dont apply pressure unless you are surethat the eyeball is intact
Dont try to remove object Dontwash eye
Cover both eyes with gauze
Keep victim on back Seek eye doctors attention immediately
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Always use the appropriate
eyewear for the job
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What are the different kinds of
eye protection? Glass
Plastic
Polycarbonate
Shielded safety glasses
Goggles
Full Face shields
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Glass
Glass lenses provide
good scratch resistance
They can withstandchemical exposure
They can accommodate
a large number ofprescriptions
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Plastic and polycarbonate
Light weight
Protect against weldingsplatter
Less likely to fog up
Not very scratchresistant
Will not accommodateprescriptions
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Safety glasses should be shielded
Better protection from
flying debris
Protection against
chemicals which may
be suspended in the air
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Goggles
Greater protection fromsplashes, liquids anddusts than shieldedsafety glasses
Should fit tightlyagainst your face
Best protection againstliquid pesticides andother toxic chemicals
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Face shields
Where you have avery high chance ofexposure to an
airborne substance
Not enough toprotect your eyes by
itself; It should beworn with approvedsafety glasses
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Remember:
Safety Glasses
WORK!!
USE THEM!
These glasses saved thevision of a laboratory
worker. He was using a
small amount of an
unstable chemical. The
flask containing thechemical exploded. His
eyes were without
injury.
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Ninety percent of these eye
injures can be prevented
through understanding,
safety practices and the use
of proper eye
protection.
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Fireworks Eye Safety
1. Dont rub as this may increase bleeding or
make the injury worse.
2. Dont apply pressure. Protect the eye from
further contact with any item, including the
child's hand.
3. Dont stop for medicine! Take the child to
emergency at once - this is important than
stopping for pain reliever.
4. Dont apply ointment. Ointment makes area
around eye slippery and harder to examine.
5. Dont let your child play with fireworks.
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1. Top of the VDT screen - at or slightly below eye
level.
2.P
lace all reference material as close to VDT aspossible.
3. Minimize lighting reflections and glare.
4. VDT screen - clean and dust-free.
5. Schedule periodic rest breaks to avoid eyefatigue.
6. Keep the eyes lubricated (by frequent blinking).
Eye Strain at the Computerprevention
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Cosmetic Safety forContact
Lens Wearers
Complications
Deposits on the lens
Eye irritation
Allergy
Injury
Infection
Dryness
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Cosmetic Safety forContact
Lens Wearers Choose non-scented, hypoallergenic
cosmetics.
Wash your hands before inserting or
removing your contact lenses. Do not borrow or lend your cosmetics toothers.
Apply make-up after inserting the contact lenses.
Wash all make-up application brushes frequently.
Avoid using loose powder on the face.Never apply eye makeup while in motion or whiledriving.
Do not apply cosmetics if your eyes are red or swollen.
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Conjunctivitis Care
Usually viral
Superadded bacterial infection more likely
Antibiotics are needed
Avoid steroid preparations
Frequent splashing of water before putting
drops
Avoid contact with others while eyes are red
Separate towel etc
Wash hands before putting drops
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How to put drop in eye
Wash yourhands thoroughly
Lie on your back or sit with head tilted back
Pull down lower eyelid to form a pocket
Let not the dropper touch your eye or eyelash
Squeeze one drop into the pocket thus formed
Close the eye immediately for 2 minutes
Do not blink
Do not wipe
Preferably ask someone to help you put drops
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Diabetic Retinopathy
Asymptomatic
Irreversible loss of
vision, usually Screening is mandatory
Further deterioration can
be arrested Medical, LASER &
Surgical Rx is warranted
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Diabetic Retinopathy
Fluorescein angiogram
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Diabetic Retinopathy
Laser
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Protection from Sunrays
Harmful UV rays
Long term exposure leads toearly cataract formation
Macular (central retinal)
degeneration
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Don't press on an injured eye
Don't force drops into the eye.
Dont apply ointments, oils, or salves.
Wash your hands thoroughly prior to touching eye.
Although the injury may not look or feel dangerous,
an eye injury is as serious as eye disease.
General GuidelinesRegardless of eye injury, include these procedures
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