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FIRE TACTICS AND PROCEDURES EMSC OGP 105-01

EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN August 26, 2004

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

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CONTENTS

SECTION TITLE PAGE

1. Introduction ....................................................................................................... 1

2. Fire Department Objectives ............................................................................... 1

3. Hazardous Materials Incident Recognition........................................................ 2

4. Control Zones..................................................................................................... 3

5. Personal Protective Equipment .......................................................................... 8

6. Resources: Medical Branch ............................................................................... 9

7. Resources: Fire Branch ...................................................................................... 9

8. Resources: Haz-Mat Branch .............................................................................. 10 Chief-in-Charge of Haz-Mat Operations .................................................... 10

Haz-Mat Battalion....................................................................................... 10 SOC Battalion ............................................................................................. 11

Safety Operating Battalion.......................................................................... 11 Haz-Mat Company 1................................................................................... 12 Haz-Mat Technician Units ......................................................................... 12

Rescue Companies ...................................................................................... 13SOC Support Ladder Companies................................................................ 13 CPC Ladder Companies.............................................................................. 13

Haz-Tac Battalion ....................................................................................... 14 Haz-Tac Ambulance ................................................................................... 14

FIRE TACTICS AND PROCEDURES / EMSC OGP 105-01 August 26, 2004 ERP, HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

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Section Title Page

9. Incident Commander.......................................................................................... 15

10. Operations: First Arriving Unit General Considerations ................................... 18

11. Operations: First Arriving Ladder Companies................................................... 20

12. Operations: First Arriving Engine Companies................................................... 23

13. Operations: Medical Branch Units..................................................................... 24

14. Operations: Haz-Mat Resources ........................................................................ 27

15. Large Scale Hazardous Materials Incident ........................................................ 31

16. Emergency Equipment ....................................................................................... 32

17. Inter-Agency Support System............................................................................ 32

18. Incident Termination Procedures ....................................................................... 34

19. Post Incident Review ......................................................................................... 34

20. Cost Recovery .................................................................................................... 36

21. Hazardous Materials Identification.................................................................... 37 D.O.T. Rail Car Identification .................................................................... 37 D.O.T. Road Car Identification .................................................................. 38 NFPA 704 Diamond ................................................................................... 39

Glossary ............................................................................................................. 40

Sources ............................................................................................................... 41


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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 The FDNY Emergency Response Plan (ERP) for Hazardous Materials has been established to carry out the responsibilities delineated in the New York City Hazardous Materials Response Plan and City Charter, and to comply with federal legislation (Superfund Amendment and Re-authorization Act (SARA), Title 3 and the Code of Federal Regulations [CFR] 1910.120[q]. The FDNY Emergency Response Plan for Hazardous Materials will guide and direct the actions of all responding Fire Department personnel at hazardous materials operations.

1.2 In the event of any incident involving a hazardous material where there exists danger to the health or safety of emergency personnel or the general public, the senior ranking Fire Department representative on scene, referred to as the Incident Commander (IC), will implement the FDNY Emergency Response Plan for Hazardous Materials, using the Incident Command System (ICS).

1.3 The ERP for Hazardous Materials is not meant to be a comprehensive study of each of the subjects discussed. Plans for specific events involving hazardous materials will be addressed in other response plans. Formal training in these areas will complement this document to provide more information for the technical, administrative and management-oriented skills.

2. FIRE DEPARTMENT OBJECTIVES

2.1 Any hazardous materials incident represents a potentially dangerous situation. Chemicals that are combustible, explosive, corrosive, toxic or reactive, along with biological agents and radioactive or nuclear materials, can adversely affect the general public or the environment as well as emergency responders. While operations at each incident are unique, there are commonalities.

Objectives for any hazardous materials incident include:

Recognize the incident as a hazardous materials release

Ensure the health and safety of responders

Rescue and decontaminate victims

Notify other responders and resources of the incident

Triage, treat and transport patients from the incident

Isolate the hazardous material by establishing a perimeter, Exclusion Zone,Contamination Reduction Zone and Support Zone

Identify the material(s) and the hazards associated

Protect the public through evacuation or sheltering-in-place

Control the hazardous materials release

Ensure fire control of the hazardous material or nearby combustibles

Ensure law enforcement notification, evidence preservation and chain-of-custodydocumentation

Recover and terminate the incident


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3. HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INCIDENT RECOGNITION

3.1 Early recognition of incident hazards and potential risk is essential. The initial responsibility for assessment of incident hazards lies with first responding units.

3.2 All uniformed members of the Fire Department receive entry-level hazardous materials training in their respective academies and refresher courses. This training, OSHA/NFPA Awareness level for medical personnel and OSHA/NFPA Operations level for firefighters, provides every member with the knowledge and clues to recognize the signs of a hazardous materials incident.

3.3 Key clues are:

3.3.1 Occupancy and Location

A. Dispatch information provided by the caller regarding the building or site, thenature of the incident or complaint, i.e. persons overcome, unknown fumes

B. Knowledge from previous incidents or Apparatus Field Inspection Duty(AFID)

C. Critical Information Dispatch System (CIDS) information

D. Federal and state inventory forms required of sites that store hazardousmaterials

E. Chemical databases tracked by Hazardous Materials Company 1 (HMC1)and other Haz-Mat resources

F. Business name, i.e. “XYZ Electroplating, Inc.”

3.3.2 Container Shapes and Sizes

A. Bulk highway and rail containers identified in the D.O.T. EmergencyResponse Guidebook (ERG)

B. Pressure and non-pressure containers

C. Design of and materials used to construct containers

D. Permanent pipelines for liquid and gas products

3.3.3 Markings and Colors

A. Tank specification plates

B. NFPA 704 Marking System for hazardous materials at fixed sites

C. Product identification stenciled on container shell

3.3.4 Placards and Labels

A. D.O.T. diamond placards on highway and rail containers identified in theD.O.T. ERG

B. D.O.T. hazard labels on non-bulk and intermediate-size containers identifiedin the D.O.T. ERG

C. United Nations labels found on containers shipped internationally


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3.3.5 Shipping Documents and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

A. Shipping documents found in transportation vehicles such as trucks (bill oflading), railcars (waybill), ships and barges (cargo manifest) and airplanes(air bill) identifying the hazardous materials carried, the quantities, the typesof containers and other important clues.

B. Specific data sheets (MSDS) required for federally listed hazardousmaterials that provide product identification, chemical and physicalproperties, health hazards, protective clothing, extinguishing agents andadditional information.

3.3.6 Sensory Perception: Sight, Hearing, Smell, and Touch

A. One or more victims exhibiting immediate symptoms

B. High-pitched sound of gas under pressure escaping from a container breech

C. Unplanned or unauthorized explosions

D. Chemical odors

E. Visible vapor clouds or other reactions created by a chemical release

F. Suspicious or out-of-place packages

4. CONTROL ZONES

A hazardous materials incident generally involves the escape of the product from itscontainer or containment system. Response to an incident requires actions to minimizeor prevent these discharges. Scene security and control involves preventing or reducingthe exposure to any civilian or responder, as well as preventing the transfer of hazardoussubstances by civilians, members and equipment from the Exclusion Zone to the SupportZone. Scene control involves:

4.1 Physical arrangements and control of work areas such as:

4.1.1 Establishing physical barriers to exclude the public and unnecessary personnel from dangerous areas using apparatus, tape or other barriers

4.1.2 Establishing checkpoints with limited access to and from the site or areas within the site; NYPD may be requested and utilized for this objective

4.1.3 Minimizing personnel and equipment on-scene consistent with safe and effective operations

4.1.4 Establishing control zones based upon expected or known levels of contamination to reduce the potential for transfer of contamination. Three contiguous areas will be established:

Exclusion Zone (contaminated) - "Hot Zone"

Contamination Reduction Zone - "Warm Zone"

Support Zone (non-contaminated) - "Cold Zone"


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4.2 Exclusion Zone—Hot Zone

4.2.1 The Exclusion Zone or Hot Zone is the innermost area of the scene and is considered contaminated or "hot."

4.2.2 All personnel entering the Exclusion Zone must wear appropriate personal protective equipment.

4.2.3 An Access Control Point must be established at the periphery of the Exclusion Zone to control the flow of personnel and equipment between the Exclusion Zone and the Contamination Reduction Zone and to ensure the established procedures for access and egress are followed.

4.2.4 The Hotline, the boundary of the Exclusion Zone, should be established initially based on the type of released material(s) and the initial instrument readings. The Hotline should be a safe distance from any potential exposure.

4.2.5 The Hotline may be readjusted based on additional observation and/or measurements. RED barrier tape should be used to identify the Exclusion Zone.

4.2.6 People, equipment and apparatus leaving the Exclusion Zone should be considered contaminated and must be decontaminated before leaving the scene.

4.3 Contamination Reduction Zone—Warm Zone

4.3.1 The Contamination Reduction Zone (CRZ) or Warm Zone lies between the Exclusion Zone and the Support Zone.

4.3.2 The Contamination Reduction Zone is an area provided to prevent or reduce the transfer of contaminants that may have been picked up by personnel or equipment exiting the Exclusion Zone.

4.3.3 All decontamination activities occur in the Contamination Reduction Zone.

4.3.4 The Contamination Control Line is the boundary between the CRZ and the Support Zone. This boundary separates the possibly contaminated area from the uncontaminated area.

4.3.5 YELLOW barrier tape should be used for perimeter identification of the Contamination Reduction Zone.

4.3.6 Entry into the Contamination Reduction Zone from the Support Zone will be through an Access Control Point. Personnel entering at this location will be wearing the appropriate level of PPE for working in the CRZ.

4.3.7 Exiting the Contamination Reduction Zone to the Support Zone requires the removal of any suspected or known contaminated protective clothing and/or equipment, following appropriate decontamination procedures.

4.3.8 Moving further away from the Exclusion Zone may allow for personnel to operate in a decreased level of PPE.


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4.3.9 Decontamination Decontamination is the process of reducing levels of toxic or otherwise harmful substances from personnel, equipment and apparatus. This process is one of the most important steps in ensuring personal safety at a hazardous materials incident.

A. The thoroughness and extent of decontamination operations required at anincident depends on the safety and health hazards of the contaminant(s).For example, light oil presents a minimal hazard and can be removed fromprotective clothing by flushing it with water. In contrast, a more toxicmaterial will require a careful and detailed approach to decontamination.

B. Emergency Decontamination may be necessary in potentiallylife-threatening situations to remove contaminants from victims asexpeditiously as possible and may or may not involve the formalestablishment of a decontamination system.

C. Gross Decontamination can be either emergency decontamination or non-emergency decontamination. Its purpose is to remove large amounts ofcontaminants in a short period of time.

Two common methods of Gross Decontamination used in emergencies are:

1. Wet Decontamination

Wet Decontamination involves the use of handlines, fixed siteemergency showers or the Mass Decontamination procedure.

2. Dry Decontamination

Dry Decontamination involves either the removal of outer clothingor all garments worn by the individual. This may be the necessarymethod if atmospheric conditions are such that wetting the victimmay cause other severe injuries such as hypothermia or if thereaction of the material with water may cause more harm than thematerial itself.

D. Technical Decontamination is a more thorough decontamination process andfollows Gross Decontamination. Technical Decontamination may involvethe use of special solutions or equipment carried by Haz-Mat units. It isconducted to prevent secondary contamination by people or equipmentleaving the incident scene. Victims have generally been medicallystabilized and time is not critical.

E. For the safety of all fire and medical personnel, as well as hospital staff,victims should be decontaminated prior to medical treatment and transportwhenever possible.

F. Separate decontamination areas should be established for emergencypersonnel; members may be operating on a limited supply of air and must bedecontaminated as expeditiously as possible.


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4.4 Support Zone—Cold Zone

4.4.1 The Support Zone is the outermost area of the site and is considered uncontaminated.

4.4.2 The Support Zone is designated as a controlled area for authorized support personnel and equipment.

4.4.3 No contaminated persons, equipment or apparatus are permitted in the Support Zone.

4.5 Area Dimensions

4.5.1 Considerable judgment is needed to ensure that safe working distances for each area are balanced against practical work considerations. During long-term operations, zones may be adjusted.

4.5.2 The following criteria are to be considered in determining the area dimensions:

A. Physical and topographical barriers

B. Weather conditions

C. Monitoring measurements

D. Explosion/exposure potential

E. Physical, chemical, toxicological and other characteristics of thecontaminant(s)

F. Clean-up activities


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CONTROL ZONE DIAGRAM


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5. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)

5.1 Structural firefighting gear is designed to protect firefighters from heat and flame.

5.2 Hazardous materials can contaminate protective clothing, respiratory equipment, tools, vehicles and other equipment used at an emergency scene.

5.3 First responders should avoid leaks, spills and obvious sources of hazards, as well as direct and indirect contact with potentially contaminated areas and victims. Full firefighting gear and SCBA shall be used at all times as a minimum of protection against exposure. Non Haz-Tac EMS personnel shall use appropriate PPE when treating decontaminated patients. Safe work practices can minimize exposure and contamination.

5.4 The use of chemical protective clothing (CPC) and equipment requires specific skills acquired through training. CPC is available to members of Haz-Mat Company 1, Haz-Mat Battalion, Rescue Companies, HMTUs, SSLs, CPC Ladder Companies, Haz-Tac units, Special Operations Command (SOC) and Safety Battalion. This type of special clothing may only protect against one chemical, yet be readily penetrated by other chemicals for which it was not designed. It offers little or no thermal protection in case of fire. No one suit offers protection from all hazardous materials.

5.5 The level of special protection required in each zone at an incident will be determined by the IC based on incident size-up and monitoring data provided by the officer in charge of the Haz-Mat resources.

5.6 The levels of chemical protective clothing defined by OSHA and the NFPA are:

5.6.1 Level A: The highest level of skin and respiratory protection available to the responder. This consists of positive pressure SCBA inside vapor-tight chemical clothing.

5.6.2 Level B: The highest level of respiratory protection, but a lower level of skin protection than Level A. This consists of positive pressure SCBA and a chemical ensemble that provides splash protection. Level A and Level B protective equipment is available for use by members specifically trained in its’ use.

5.6.3 Level C: This level of protection offers minimal skin and respiratory protection. This level presupposes that the types of air contaminants have been identified, concentrations measured, the atmosphere is not oxygen deficient and the filter cartridges provided are designed for the known contaminant(s).

Note: Full-face air purifying respirators (APRs) and powered air purifying respirators (PAPRs) are part of the Level C ensemble.

5.6.4 Level D: This level of protection provides minimal protection and is used to guard against nuisance contamination only.

5.7 Structural firefighter protective clothing i.e. bunker gear is not classified as chemical protective clothing.


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6. RESOURCES: MEDICAL BRANCH

Members of the Emergency Medical Service (other than Haz-Tac personnel) respond to anincident for the purpose of treating decontaminated civilians or responders.

6.1 Level of Training

Members are trained to the Awareness Level and are able to recognize the presence of a hazardous material, evacuate from the release area or spill and request assistance.

6.2 Available PPE

6.2.1 Available PPE is for protection against bloodborne pathogens and biological agents common to the incident types encountered. The air-purifying respirator (APR) assigned to each member is for escape purposes only.

6.2.2 EMS personnel (other than Haz-Tac) are not trained or equipped to use specialized chemical protective clothing (CPC) or special control equipment. EMS actions are limited to those described in Department procedures or as directed by the Incident Commander.

6.3 Available Units

Basic Life Support Units (BLS)

Advanced Life Support Units (ALS)

Conditions Cars

Chief Officers

Logistical Support Units (LSU)

Mobile Emergency Response Vehicles (MERV)

CFR-D Engines

7. RESOURCES: FIRE BRANCH

Firefighters assigned to engine and ladder companies, battalions and divisions are trainedat a minimum to the Operational Level.

7.1 Members trained to the Operational Level respond to an incident site for the purpose of protecting persons, property or the environment from the effects of a hazardous materials release.

7.2 Actions are limited to that which may be accomplished using SCBA and structural firefighter protective clothing as described in Department SOP, D.O.T. Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG) and the Hazard Action Guides.


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7.3 Each designated riding position on fire apparatus has been assigned an air-purifying respirator (APR) that can only be used when authorized by the IC. This can only be done after:

The air contaminant has been identified The oxygen level is between 19.5% and 23.5% The concentration of the material has been measured The filter cartridge is specific for the contaminant Air monitoring is on-going

8. RESOURCES: HAZ-MAT BRANCH

Haz-Mat Resources include units or individuals that respond to releases or potentialreleases with chemical protective clothing (CPC), monitoring and mitigation capability.Objectives include assisting or rescuing victims, stopping and controlling the spill orrelease and coordinating with other citywide agency responders in the recovery andtermination of the incident.

Members of Haz-Mat resources assume a more aggressive role than a First Respondertrained to the Awareness or Operational Level. Haz-Mat trained units are trained to theTechnician I, Technician II, or Specialist Level and may approach the point of release.Duties require more specific knowledge of the various substances and special training inchemical protective clothing for use in the area of release.

Training also includes knowledge and procedures for the use of specialized surveyinstruments, containment equipment and decontamination methods.

All Haz-Mat responders assigned to tasks will always operate in teams or units.No individual assigned to activities in isolated zones will operate alone.

Note: For a more detailed description of the Haz-Mat resources than what is listed, referto the Hazardous Materials Tactics and Procedures Documents.

8.1 Chief-in-Charge of Haz-Mat Operations

8.1.1 Chief-in-Charge of Haz-Mat Operations is assigned overall administration of Haz-Mat resources. This includes training, equipment procurement, research and development, standard tactics and procedures and interagency coordination.

8.1.2 The Chief-in-Charge is notified by FDOC and will respond as needed. At hazardous material incidents the Chief-in-Charge will support the Haz-Mat Battalion and advise the IC.

8.2 Haz-Mat Battalion

8.2.1 The Haz-Mat Battalion Chief supervises the Haz-Mat resources at 10-80 Code 1 hazardous material incidents and above. The Battalion Chief and Firefighter are trained to the Technician II level and receive additional specialized training.

Note: Members designated as a Technician II have satisfactorily completed the 80-hour Technician Course. This course trains members in CPC, monitoringinstrumentation, decontamination, mitigation and termination of a hazardousmaterials release.


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8.2.2 At most small incidents the Haz-Mat Battalion will operate from a position that directly supervises entry teams and on-scene Haz-Mat units. The Haz-Mat Battalion will report directly to the IC and remain in radio contact if not nearby to provide progress reports to the IC.

8.2.3 At larger, more complex incidents the Haz-Mat Battalion may operate at the Command Post with the IC in an advisory role until relieved by the Chief-in-Charge of Haz-Mat Operations.

8.3 SOC Battalion

8.3.1 The SOC Battalion operates within the Haz-Mat Branch/Group and may be special called to hazardous materials incidents. The SOC Battalion Chief and Firefighter are trained to the Technician II level and receive additional specialized training.

8.3.2 At most small incidents the SOC Battalion will operate in the Contamination Reduction Zone and directly supervise member and civilian decontamination. The SOC Battalion will maintain radio communications with both the IC and the Haz-Mat Battalion. This includes the supervision of the Decon Support Unit.

8.3.3 At larger, more complex hazardous materials incidents, the SOC Battalion may directly supervise entry teams and on-scene Haz-Mat units.

8.3.4 At hazardous materials incidents that involve unusual rescue operations, the SOC Battalion Chief will oversee the rescue operations. A special-called Battalion Chief shall fill the role of the SOC Battalion in supervising decontamination procedures.

8.4 Safety Operating Battalion

Safety Operating Battalion oversees the overall safety within the incident control zones and monitors the control and mitigation activities of Haz-Mat personnel for compliance with standard operating procedures.

8.4.1 The Battalion Chief and Aide are trained to the Technician II level in addition to their Safety training.

8.4.2 The Safety Battalion responds on signal 10-80 Code 1.

8.4.3 Upon arrival, the Safety Operating Battalion will report to the Incident Commander.

8.4.4 Duties may include: Evaluate control zones and Access Control Points

Ensure Staging Area and Operations are located in a safe environment

Verify wind direction

Monitor time/duration of incident

Determine best response patterns for incoming units

Oversee decontamination procedures

Rev. 11/30/17


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8.5 Haz-Mat Company 1 (HMC1)

Haz-Mat Company 1 members are Specialist Level, completing over 400 hours of training.

8.5.1 The primary responsibilities of Haz-Mat Company 1 are:

A. Continuous monitoring of the release area for potential effects on responders,civilians, property and the environment

B. Identification of the released material and its hazardsC. Control of spills and leaksD. Containment or neutralization of the released materialE. Coordination of activities with other city agency personnel to recover from

and terminate the incident

8.5.2 Members of HMC1 may advise the Incident Commander in conjunction with the HMTUs on-scene on strategies and support. If Haz-Mat Company 1 is not on-scene, HMTUs may consult with HMC1 via 800 MHz, department radio or cell phone for technical advice.

8.6 Haz-Mat Technician Units (HMTU)

Haz-Mat Technician Unit members are Technician II Level, completing over 120 hours of training.

8.6.1 These units are trained in air monitoring instruments and tactics as well as basic control, containment and decontamination procedures. HMTUs carry all levels of CPC and equipment for containment and decontamination in a second apparatus.

8.6.2 HMTU primary responsibilities include:

A. Initiate on-scene monitoring to determine risk levels for rescue and controlactivities. Initial monitoring may be done in firefighting PPE and SCBA todetermine proper level of PPE.

B. Initiate rescue tactics if determined to be an acceptable risk

C. Initiate control and containment activities

D. Establish rescuer decontamination area prior to entry. This may be done byan engine company with a handline and fog nozzle if timing is critical andHaz-Mat resources are not on-scene.

E. Begin the identification process of the released material, its’ associatedhazards and its’ health effects

F. Complete recovery and termination activities if within the units’ capabilities


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8.7 Rescue Companies

8.7.1 Rescue Companies are trained to the Technician II level. These companies carry CPC and some metering devices, but lack mitigation equipment.

8.7.2 Members of Rescue Companies can be used for assessment, search and rescue and can assist in entry, metering and mitigation.

8.8 SOC Support Ladder Companies

8.8.1 Members of SOC Support Ladder Companies are trained to operate at the Technician I level, a level above Operations. SSLs are assigned in all boroughs to provide a quick response to incidents anywhere in the city.

Note: Members designated as a Technician I have satisfactorily completed the 40-hour Technician Course. This course trains members in CPC, monitoringinstrumentation and decontamination procedures necessary for handling ahazardous materials release.

8.8.2 SSL members are trained in all levels of CPC and basic air monitoring equipment and tactics and can operate in the Exclusion Zone. SSL members transport Haz-Mat response equipment in a support vehicle.

Note: During emergencies and unusual incidents, these support vehicles can operate independently from their associated Ladder Company. These vehicles will be identified as a Rapid Response Vehicle (RRV) and be assigned a number corresponding to its associated SSL Company.

8.8.3 Primary responsibilities for SOC Support Ladder Companies include:

A. Conduct air monitoring to identify safe zones if not already in progress

B. Assist with rescue of victims if HMTU or HMC1 is on-scene and conductingair monitoring

C. Conduct contamination monitoring of victims after Gross Decontaminationto determine if Technical Decontamination is needed

D. Conduct contamination monitoring of victims after TechnicalDecontamination to determine effectiveness

E. Assist in Member and Civilian Decontamination operations as directed

8.9 CPC Ladder Companies

8.9.1 Several ladder companies are trained to operate as CPC Ladder Companies. The primary objective of the CPC Ladder Companies is to perform rescue operations of non-ambulatory victims in the contaminated area or Exclusion Zone.

8.9.2 Members of CPC Ladder Companies are trained in all levels of CPC but should only operate in the Exclusion Zone when Technician companies are monitoring the environment. CPC Ladder Companies are only equipped with PPE and do not have any monitoring devices.


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8.10 Haz-Tac Battalion

8.10.1 The Haz-Tac Battalion operates conditions vehicles that are staffed by a Lieutenant trained as a Haz-Mat Medical Technician. Haz-Tac Battalion members are trained in all levels of CPC and specialize in triaging and treating contaminated victims.

8.10.2 The Haz-Tac officer is responsible for supervising the operation of Haz-Tac Ambulance personnel at the scene of a hazardous materials incident. The officer coordinates Haz-Tac activities with and reports to the Haz-Mat Branch Director on the scene of all hazardous materials related assignments.

8.10.3 Haz-Tac members satisfactorily complete a 64-hour course that includes training in using all levels of CPC, recognizing chemical exposure symptoms and treating contaminated victims.

8.11 Haz-Tac Ambulances

8.11.1 Following the issuance of a Class Order from OMA, Haz-Tac members are trained to administer antidote treatments wearing the appropriate PPE for the zone they are operating in.

8.11.2 The primary assignments for Haz-Tac personnel are:

A. Conduct medical management of exposed civilians and responders prior toand during decontamination operations

B. Conduct medical monitoring of entry team members

8.11.3 Haz-Tac personnel are trained in decontamination procedures.


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9. INCIDENT COMMANDER

9.1 General Considerations

9.1.1 The Incident Commander is the senior ranking fire officer on scene. The IC is responsible for all Fire Department incident activities, planning, preparation of reports, incident termination and post incident analysis.

9.1.2 The IC will implement actions that are necessary and within the capability of the resources and equipment available at the time. Additional resources may be requested when necessary. Succeeding Commanders will further evaluate the needs of the incident and refine, reinforce or expand the scope and depth of response activities.

9.1.3 The Incident Commander must be trained to the Operations level and be knowledgeable in and able to implement the Department’s ERP.

9.1.4 Hazardous materials incidents may vary in severity and magnitude that will require flexibility in allocating necessary resources. The Incident Commander should use the proper 10-80 Code signals to ensure the appropriate response for the particular incident. Response planning, procedures and notifications to other City, State or Federal resources will be determined by the IC and will follow established interagency procedures.

9.2 Scene Size-up

The IC should conduct a site survey and size-up while monitoring progress reports from the initial Hazard Assessment Team. Some items to consider are:

Nature, source and extent of the problem

Potential for exposures to be negatively impacted

Life hazard(s)

Rescue or evacuation

Resources on scene

Evaluation of on-going operations

9.3 Ensure Scene Safety

9.3.1 The IC should ensure persons entering or leaving a control zone check in and out at the Access Control Point(s).

9.3.2 Access and egress must be secured and protected for the safety of persons in control zones. Doors, stairways and ladders should be secured. Ramps, ditches and excavations should be made as secure as possible in the event that rapid escape from the site is required.

Rev. 09/01/14


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9.4 Ensure Hazard Analysis is Performed

9.4.1 If the presence of hazardous materials is known prior to commencing operations, the IC will confirm site control and hazard assessment assignments for the first arriving companies.

9.4.2 Each member should be alert to the signs, evidence and indications of the presence of hazardous substances during fires and emergencies.

A. If the presence of hazardous materials is determined, the IC mustimmediately assign a company to perform a hazard assessment to determinethe health and safety effects on members operating in the area. The IC willthen determine whether operations can continue or should be changed to adefensive operation.

B. Assign hazard identification and control to the first Technician Unit on-sceneuntil relieved by Haz-Mat Company 1.

9.4.3 On-scene information gathering must be limited to that which can be obtained within the limits of each responder’s level of training and protective equipment to prevent responder injury or incapacitation.

9.4.4 The IC should gather and evaluate pertinent information prior to members entering into or undertaking activities that would place units in a contaminated environment.

9.4.5 The possibility that hazardous materials may possess multiple hazards should always be considered.

9.5 Determine Evacuation or Sheltering-in-Place of civilians

9.5.1 There are two ways to protect the public from the effects of hazardous material discharges into the environment: evacuation and sheltering-in-place.

A. Evacuation: involves moving threatened persons to a shelter in another area.

B. Sheltering-in-place: involves giving instructions to people to remain wherethey are until the danger passes.

Evacuation is clearly safer with respect to the hazards, but has certainlimitations and may pose new problems. Evacuation takes time and may notbe possible if large numbers of persons or a large volume of vapor is present.In some cases, evacuation through a toxic atmosphere may actually causemore harm than sheltering-in-place.

Rev. 09/01/14


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9.5.2 Evacuation is best considered when:

A. There is an immediate danger of fire or explosion

B. The potential for a discharge is great, it has not taken place, and there is timeto relocate people

C. The discharge has taken place but people are sufficiently protected to permittime for evacuation

D. People not yet in the path of a release will be threatened by changingconditions

9.5.3 Large-scale evacuation will require a coordinated effort by many agencies, and the resources of the OEM On-Scene Coordinator should be requested.

9.5.4 The decision to shelter-in-place is appropriate when the hazardous material will not affect the structure and its occupants, or the hazard will pass a structure with little infiltration.

9.5.5 Sheltering-in-place is the preferred alternative when:

A. Pre-planning has identified options for problem areas such as hospitals, jails,nursing homes, and public assemblies

B. Evacuation cannot be properly managed with the manpower, resources andfacilities presently available

C. The hazardous material displays the following characteristics:

1. Low to moderate toxicity

2. Totally released and dissipating

3. Small quantity solid or liquid leak

4. A migrating vapor of low toxicity and quantity and people are saferindoors than outside

5. Release can be rapidly controlled at the source

9.6 Establish the following facilities

9.6.1 Command Post

The Command Post should be located uphill and upwind of the hazard area. The IC should notify all units on scene as well as those still responding of its location. This information should be transmitted by the dispatcher to other agencies if notified of the incident.

9.6.2 Staging Area

If necessary and possible, a preliminary Staging Area upwind and uphill should be designated. The intent is to limit unnecessary exposure of personnel and equipment.

Rev. 09/01/14


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9.6.3 Safe Refuge Area(s)

The Safe Refuge Area is established in the Contamination Reduction Zone for people removed from the hazardous area before decontamination.

9.6.4 Casualty Collection Point

The Casualty Collection Point is an area established in the Support Zone for Medical Branch personnel to triage and treat decontaminated victims.

10. OPERATIONS: FIRST ARRIVING UNIT GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

10.1 The initial actions of first due units will depend on the following:

10.1.1 Dispatch information

10.1.2 Information received at the location

10.1.3 Initial observations

10.2 Units responding to an alarm indicating a hazardous material incident should be aware of access and egress routes and wind direction.

10.3 Given the limited capability of units arriving first at the scene of a hazardous materials incident, premature commitment of companies and personnel to unknown, potentially hazardous situations/locations must be avoided.

A cautious, methodical and deliberate size-up combined with immediate site security limits needless exposure of responding personnel and reduces the vulnerability of the public and the environment.

10.4 Units responding to an alarm of fire, a medical call or an unknown type of emergency should follow standard operating procedures for that incident. If during the operation it is determined that a hazardous material is present (CIDS information, visual observation, information received on scene), units must adjust the plan of action. A hazard assessment must be made to determine if a release of the hazardous material has occurred. An attempt to identify the material and its hazards should become a top priority.

10.5 If it is determined that the material has been released and members do not have the proper PPE, units must withdraw from the area. A defensive posture should begin with the transmission of a 10-80 signal with the appropriate code. Hazard and risk assessments should continue until Haz-Mat resources arrive to begin offensive operations in the appropriate level of PPE.

10.6 As soon as the presence of a hazardous substance is detected or suspected, First Responders should take the following actions:

10.6.1. Use assigned PPE as a minimum to be protected from unnecessary exposure to contaminants.

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10.6.2 Transmit the 10-80 signal and communicate available information to the IC or dispatcher, including:

A. Name of the material involved

B. UN/NA 4-digit ID number

C. Quantity of material involved

D. Type of release, (e.g. explosion, leaking valve, broken bag, etc.)

E. Color of vapor, liquid or solid

F. Whether it is fuming or not

G. Are any reactions taking place with exposed materials?

H. Symptoms patients are exhibiting (this should also go to EMS)

I. Any other pertinent information

10.6.3 Determine if any life hazard exists and if victims are trapped.

10.6.4 Isolate the hazard.

10.6.5 Control access to the hazard area.

10.6.6 Establish an initial staging area for other responders.

10.6.7 Take steps to identify the hazard and evaluate the risk without endangering on- scene personnel.

10.6.8 Consult the D.O.T. Emergency Response Guidebook and Hazard Action Guidebook to develop a plan of action.

10.6.9 Implement the plan within the capability of the available personnel and protective clothing and equipment.

10.7 Rescue: Risk versus Benefit

10.7.1 If initial units determine that there is a known life hazard prior to the arrival of Haz-Mat resources with CPC, a risk analysis must be done to determine whether they should attempt rescue of the victim.

10.7.2 Initial rescue actions should concentrate on removing able-bodied (ambulatory) persons from immediate danger. Involvement in complicated rescue situations should be carefully evaluated before being attempted.

10.7.3 When the probability is high that the victim is not viable, rescue or recovery should not be attempted if it will place the rescuer at unnecessary risk. The danger of exposure to unknown chemicals or a potential explosion may also make the risk unacceptable.

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10.7.4 The following should be considered in attempting a rescue during a hazardous materials emergency:

A. Are victims visible or can be heard?

B. Is the victim conscious or responsive?

C. Is the leaking material pooling or vaporizing in the area of the victim?

D. Are the victims in an open area or in a confined space where concentrationsmight be higher?

E. Has the material or its properties been identified?

F. Is special equipment or PPE needed to assist in rescue?

G. Does the trapped victim require lengthy extrication?

H. If the victim cannot be removed safely by rescuers, can the atmospherearound the victim be changed as an alternative?

10.7.5 If a decision is made to attempt a rescue, plan for:

A. Back-up team to rescue or assist the entry team

B. Decon handline in place and dedicated to the entry team

C. Medical personnel staged nearby for triage immediately after decontamination

10.8 Apparatus positioning

First Alarm Units positioning apparatus at a hazardous materials incident should consider the following points:

10.8.1 Stop a distance from the location and approach cautiously while sizing up the incident. The apparatus can always be moved forward when it is determined to be safe.

10.8.2 Position apparatus away from the incident if not needed, allowing entry for Haz-Mat and other resources.

10.8.3 Position apparatus at the corners to control access and egress to the entire block.

10.8.4 Position apparatus to allow adequate room for ingress and egress of ambulances.

11. OPERATIONS: FIRST ARRIVING LADDER COMPANIES

11.1 First Arriving Ladder Company—Hazard Assessment

11.1.1 The First Arriving Ladder Company is responsible for hazard assessment.

11.1.2 Members of the First Arriving Ladder Company will be divided into teams. The team concept is to provide for the safety and accountability of all the members. No person involved in the operational activities of these teams is to work alone.

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11.1.3 Officer: Supervise hazard assessment activity of assigned members

A. Obtains briefing from IC

B. Assigns and instructs teams regarding hazard assessment activities andlimitations

C. Coordinates apparatus placement with other responding units

D. Reports information to IC

E. Monitors Handie-talkie/radio

11.1.4 Ladder Chauffer: Apparatus placement

A. Positions apparatus out of the hazard area and as a barrier for site accesscontrol as ordered

B. Coordinates apparatus placement with other responding units

C. Remains with apparatus until further ordered

D. Establishes physical barriers to area access using apparatus, barrier tape,traffic cones, traffic signs, etc


11.1.5 First Arriving Ladder Team 1: Hazard identification

A. Identify occupancy and location of hazards, from upwind if possible

B. Identify container shape and approximate size

C. Identify any visible markings, colors, placards/labels, etc

D. Search for shipping documents and MSDS

E. Provide primary search reports for locations entered

F. Report information available and stand-by

G. Monitor Handie-talkie/radio

11.1.6 First Arriving Ladder Team 2: Information resources

A. Back-up Team for Team 1

B. Access Hazard Action Guidebook & D.O.T. Guidebook, locating appropriateGuide, isolation and evacuation recommendations

C. Confirm Guide Number, isolation distance and evacuation information.Verify with Second Arriving Ladder Company

D. Report information to Officer

E. Monitor Handie-talkie/radio

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11.2 Second Arriving Ladder Company–Site Access Control

11.2.1 The Second Arriving Ladder Company is responsible for controlling access to the site and for establishing the initial Exclusion Zone. Some members of this company will be divided into teams.

11.2.2 Officer: Coordinate / limit site access

A. Obtains briefing from IC

B. Assigns and instructs teams regarding hazard assessment activities andlimitations

C. Advises IC regarding the need for police assistance in area security andcontrol

D. Reports information to IC


11.2.3 Second Arriving Ladder Chauffer: Apparatus placement

A. Positions apparatus out of the hazard area and as a barrier for site accesscontrol as ordered

B. Coordinates apparatus placement with other responding units

C. Remains with apparatus until further ordered

D. Establishes physical barriers to area using apparatus, barrier tape, trafficcones, traffic signs, etc.

E. Monitors Handie-talkie / radio

11.2.4 Second Arriving Ladder Team 1: Information resources

A. Assist First Ladder with site assessment, back-up or information resources

B. Report information to Officer

C. Monitor Handie-talkie/radio

11.2.5 Second Arriving Ladder Team 2: Initial Exclusion Zone

A. On orders of the Officer, establish physical barriers as an initial ExclusionZone using RED Haz-Mat barrier tape, utility rope, traffic cones, etc

B. Remain outside Exclusion Zone to deny access until relieved or as ordered

C. Monitor Handie-talkie/radio

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12. OPERATIONS: FIRST ARRIVING ENGINE COMPANIES

12.1 First Arriving Engine Company—Water Supply

12.1.1 Officer: Supervise water supply activities

A. Obtain briefing from the IC

B. Supervise apparatus and line placement

C. Instruct team regarding activities and PPE

D. Monitor handie-talkie/radio

12.1.2 Establish the initial water supply.

Based on the existing conditions, a line should be stretched but not placed into operation until ordered by the IC pending the outcome of the initial hazard assessment. The premature, unnecessary or incompatible use of water can compound the hazard. The unit will stand-by out of the hazard area.

12.1.3 The initial handline should be placed upwind and uphill for the safety of the members.

12.1.4 When determining the size and placement of the handline with fog nozzle consider the following:

A. Proximity to access/egress control points for decontamination of teammembers and/or victims

B. Protection of exposures

C. Run-off of the stream

D. Nearby sewers and drains that may be affected

12.1.5 Members of the First Arriving Engine Company will remain together as a unit unless otherwise ordered by the IC.

12.1.6 If necessary, members of the First Arriving Engine Company may perform CFR-D duties.

12.2 Second Arriving Engine—Site Access Control

12.2.1 Officer: Supervise Site Access

A. Obtain briefing from the IC

B. Supervise apparatus placement

C. Instruct members regarding hazard assessment activities, limitations and PPE

D. Coordinate with Second Ladder in Site Access Control

E. Monitor Handie-talkie/radio

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12.2.2 The Second Arriving Engine Company is responsible for assisting and coordinating with the Second Ladder Company to control access to the site.

12.2.3 Members of the Second Engine Company will remain together as a unit unless otherwise ordered by the Incident Commander to perform duties appropriate to specific tactical objectives. This may include assisting the First Arriving Engine in water supply or line placement, site control or evacuation.

12.2.4 If necessary, members of the Second Arriving Engine Company may perform CFR-D duties.

12.3 Third Arriving Engine

12.3.1 The Third Arriving Engine Company should be assigned CFR-D duties for the safety of Fire Department members as well as victims removed that have been exposed or injured.

12.3.2 If the First or Second Arriving Engine Company is already assigned CFR-D work, then the Third Arriving Engine should be assigned to water supply and decontamination or site control as needed.

13. OPERATIONS: MEDICAL BRANCH UNITS

13.1 First Arriving BLS and ALS Units

13.1.1 Establish contact with the Incident Commander

13.1.2 Transmit to dispatcher incident type, signs and symptoms observed, number of patients, best access into incident and request for additional resources

13.1.3 Operate upwind of hazardous materials release in the Support Zone

13.1.4 Don available PPE as necessary

A. Helmet

B. Safety coat

C. Nitrile gloves underneath work gloves

D. N95 respirator

E. Goggles/eye protection

F. APR mask/hood (for escape purposes or deteriorating environmentalconditions)

Note: The N95 respirator and goggles are not sufficient PPE for chemical vapors.

13.1.5 Establish a staging area for incoming resources

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13.1.6 Perform Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START) on decontaminated patients in the Support Zone

A. START enables responders to quickly evaluate patients’ respiration,circulation and central nervous system status and triage them quickly andefficiently.

B. Using START, patients are triaged into one of four categories:

1. Black Tag (Deceased): patients have no ventilations present after oneattempt is made to reposition the airway

2. Red Tag (Immediate): patients have ventilations present afterrepositioning the airway, have a respiratory rate greater than30 breaths per minute, have an absent radial pulse or are unable tofollow simple commands.

3. Yellow Tag (Delayed): patients have a respiratory rate less than30 breaths per minute, radial pulse is present, is able to follow simplecommands, but the patient has an injury that does not fit into eitherthe Immediate or Minor categories.

4. Green Tag (Minor): patients are “walking wounded”

13.1.7 Utilize Casualty Collection Points (CCP) in the Support Zone until adequate resources are able to remove patients from the scene to designated hospitals

13.2 EMS Supervisor on Initial Assignment

13.2.1 Report to Incident Commander

13.2.2 Assume command of the Medical Branch

13.2.3 Establish Groups, Sectors, etc. to participate in the Incident Command System, as necessary

13.2.4 Evaluate scene safety/security

13.2.5 Ensure all EMS members are utilizing proper PPE and that all non Haz-Tac members are operating in the Support Zone

13.2.6 Coordinate best access and staging area for incoming EMS units

13.2.7 Identify or evaluate triage and treatment strategy

13.2.8 Gather information regarding:

A. Type of event

B. Number of patients

C. Signs and symptoms of victims

D. Identification of hazardous material

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13.2.9 Communicate directly with OMA On-Call Medical Director to confirm request and issuance of a Class Order, if necessary. Evaluate need for and request deployment of CHEMPACK(s) and/or controlled substances from the WMD Controlled Substances Depot(s), if necessary.

Note: A Class Order is authorization for the use of a specific treatment or antidote kit. The Class Order is issued by a FDNY OMA Medical Director who is on scene, or is relayed by a FDNY OMA Medical Director through On-line Medical Control or FDNY Emergency Medical Dispatch.

13.2.10 Special call additional resources as needed

A. Mobile Emergency Response Vehicles (MERV)

B. Logistical Support Units (LSU)

C. Advanced Life Support Units (ALS)

D. Basic Life Support Units (BLS)

E. Haz-Tac Resources (HTA/HT Conditions/HT Bat)

13.2.11 Oversee medical care of patients

13.2.12 Ensure hospitals are notified via Emergency Medical Dispatch (EMD)

13.2.13 Consider alternate modes of transportation for multiple casualties (i.e. city bus) and hospital selections based on a route strategy

13.2.14 Ensure patients are decontaminated prior to being treated and transported. Redirect contaminated patients to the Contamination Reduction Corridor

13.2.15 Ensure decontamination of personnel as necessary

13.3 Triage, Treatment, Transport

13.3.1 Haz-Tac members may triage and treat contaminated patients

13.3.2 After Gross and Technical Decontamination, patients will be triaged and treated by EMS personnel at the Casualty Collection Point(s) in the Support Zone

13.3.3 All exposed patients must be transported to a healthcare facility due to possible delay of onset of symptoms

13.3.4 The worried-well are ambulatory persons who are exhibiting no signs or symptoms of exposure, but are requesting treatment either due to fear of the delayed effects of some hazardous materials. These people may have been somewhere in the vicinity of the release or they may have actually been exposed. These worried-well should be directed to a designated area where they can be properly assessed and, if appropriate, interviewed by police and healthcare personnel. The number of worried-well is likely to be several times the number of persons actually affected.

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13.4 Tracking

All patients triaged, treated and/or transported must be tracked by EMS. Information regarding patient count and types of injuries should be relayed to the Incident Commander through the Medical Branch Director/Group Supervisor.

13.5 On-Call Medical Director

13.5.1 The On-Call Medical Director may be special called to hazardous materials incidents.

13.5.2 As a technical specialist, the On-Call Medical Director will assist the Medical Branch Director in the implementation of the Medical Branch operations. The On-Call Medical Director will be the highest medical authority on-scene providing medical control.

13.5.3 Responsibilities include:

A. Issuance of a Class Order, as needed

B. Act as the direct physician-to-physician contact with area hospitals

C. Assist the Medical Branch Director in the management of patient care

D. Assist the Medical Branch Director in the determination of final patientdestination

E. Consult with the Medical Branch Director on any medical issues presentingat the incident

14. OPERATIONS: HAZ-MAT RESOURCES

14.1 Haz-Mat Branch Director/Group Supervisor

The Haz-Mat Branch Director/Group Supervisor is the initial technician Officer on-scene until the Haz-Mat Battalion arrives. The Haz-Mat Branch Director/Group Supervisor will supervise the "hands-on" mitigation operation and will coordinate the following activities as directed by the IC:

14.1.1 Obtain briefing from the Incident Commander

14.1.2 Confirm the development of Control Zones and Access Control Points and the placement of appropriate control lines

14.1.3 Ensure the IC’s Site Safety and Control Plan is implemented

14.1.4 Participate in the development of the IC’s Incident Action Plan and begins to develop the Hazardous Materials portion of the Incident Action Plan

14.1.5 Evaluate and recommends evacuation, sheltering and decontamination options to the Incident Commander

14.1.6 Request an Engine Company to assist in decontamination duties due to the limited staffing in a HMTU

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14.1.7 Evaluate the need of implementing a secondary tactical channel for Haz-Mat units

14.1.8 Responsible for site safety and operations inside the Contamination Reduction Zone and the Exclusion Zone

14.1.9 Ensure that the appropriate Personal Protective Equipment is being used

14.1.10 Ensure that current weather data and future weather predictions are obtained

14.1.11 Maintain communications with:

A. Haz-Mat Unit Team members

B. Next higher level of command

C. Haz-Tac Officer

14.1.12 Ensure environmental monitoring of the hazard site is conducted

14.1.13 Ensure that appropriate agencies are notified through the Incident Commander

14.1.14 Terminate operations in the Exclusion Zone when the release is mitigated or the operation is released to the Department of Environmental Protection (DEP)

14.2 First Arriving Haz-Mat Technician Unit (HMTU)

The First Arriving HMTU will initially operate as a team. Because HMTUs are more numerous and geographically assigned in all boroughs, these units will most often arrive before HMC1 and begin hazard assessment, monitoring and control operations.

14.2.1 Entry Team

For safety, the Entry Team consists of a minimum of two members. The Entry Team Leader will perform the following functions:

A. Obtain briefing from the Hazardous Materials Branch Director/GroupSupervisor

B. Supervise entry operations

C. Relay the information obtained by the Entry Team to the HMC1 ResourceTechnician via department radio, 800MHz radio, handie-talkie or cell phonefor assistance

D. Recommend actions to mitigate the situation within the Exclusion Zone

E. Carry out actions to neutralize and mitigate the hazardous materials incidentwithin the Exclusion Zone

F. Maintain communications and coordinate operations with:1. Hazardous Materials Branch Director/Group Supervisor2. Decontamination Team Leader3. Back-Up Team Leader4. Resource Technician/Hazardous Materials Reference

G. If needed, direct rescue operations in the Exclusion Zone

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14.2.2 Back-Up Team

The Back-Up Team consists of a minimum of two members for safety. The Back-Up Team Leader will perform the following functions:


B. In appropriate PPE, act as a back-up Entry Team, prepared to rescue theEntry Team, if needed

C. Maintain visual contact with Entry Team whenever possible

D. Complete operations in Exclusion Zone should Entry Team is unable tocomplete assignment

E. Maintain communications and coordinate operations with:1. Entry Team Leader2. Hazardous Materials Branch Director/Group Supervisor3. Resource Technician/Hazardous Materials Reference4. Decontamination Team Leader

F. Furnish additional equipment or supplies to the Entry Team as needed andreplace used equipment.

14.2.3 Decontamination (Decon) Team

A Decontamination Team must be established before the HMTU can make entry. Due to limited staffing of HMTUs, an Engine Company in full PPE and SCBA may need to be assigned to the Decon Team. Members of the Engine Company will utilize the HMTU decontamination equipment or a handline with fog nozzle for Gross Decontamination.


B. Manage the Control Zones and Access Control Points and the placement ofappropriate control lines

C. Ensure appropriate action is taken to prevent the spread of contaminants

D. Set up separate Contamination Reduction Corridors for members and civilians

E. Decontaminate all equipment used when practical

F. Maintain communications and coordinate operations with:1. Entry Team Leader2. Hazardous Materials Branch Director/Group Supervisor3. Resource Technician/Hazardous Materials Reference4. Back-up Team

G. Over-pack exposed equipment for further decontamination or disposal

H. Ensure that all equipment is placed back in service

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14.3 HAZ-MAT COMPANY 1 (HMC1)

Haz-Mat Company 1 will fill the roles of the Entry Team, Back-Up Team and Resource Technician.

14.3.1 HMC1 Officer

A. Reports to the IC and obtains a briefing

B. Contacts the Officer of the First Arriving HMTU for a briefing. HMC1Officer will assume the duties of the Haz-Mat Group Supervisor until thearrival of Haz-Mat Battalion.

C. Evaluates current strategies and determines if tactics need to be changed

D. Determines appropriate level of PPE for responder operations1. Bunker gear vs. CPC2. SCBA vs. APR or PAPR

14.3.2 Entry Team and Back-Up Team roles will correspond with the roles of the HMTU Entry and Back-Up Teams.

If HMTU has made entry, HMC1 Entry Team should determine if additional help or relief is needed.

14.3.3 Resource Technician

A Resource Technician is designated to provide technical information to Hazardous Materials resources using various references such as CHEMTREC, computer databases, technical library and facility representatives.

A. The Resource Technician may provide product identification using test kitsand/or any other means of identifying unknown materials.

B. The Resource Technician will also perform the following:1. Provide technical information to public and private agencies

2. Interpret environmental monitoring information

3. Provide analysis of hazardous material samples

4. Document operations and notifications

5. Provide technical information of the incident for documentation

6. Determine proper decontamination requirements

7. Complete all necessary reports and forms

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14.4 Haz-Tac Operations

14.4.1 Conduct medical management of exposed civilians and responders prior to and during decontamination operations.

14.4.2 Conduct medical monitoring of Entry Team members.

14.4.3 Haz-Tac Officer

A. Upon arrival, check-in with the Medical Branch Director, then report to theHaz-Mat Branch Director/Group Supervisor to coordinate operations of Haz-Tac Units

B. Notify the Haz-Mat Branch Director/Group Supervisor for additional Haz-Tac resources as necessary

C. Directly supervise all Haz-Tac operations on the scene of hazardousmaterials assignments including triage, treatment and medical monitoring.

D. Oversee medical management for all victims of potential or actual hazardousmaterials exposure prior to and during decontamination operations

E. Report updated information to the on-scene Medical Branch Director

15. LARGE-SCALE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INCIDENT

15.1 Safety Considerations

15.1.1 Large-scale hazardous materials incidents may be the result of an intentional/terrorist or accidental release. Intentional incidents may involve secondary devices.

15.1.2 Large-scale hazardous materials releases may have damaged the structural integrity of the involved facility or nearby facilities. Secondary reactions may also occur if nearby storage containers have been compromised.

15.1.3 Only when adequate resources are on-scene should belowground or interior operations be initiated. These locations may have higher concentrations of the hazardous material.

15.2 Operational Considerations

With larger hazardous materials incidents, the number of victims may be substantial and potentially overwhelming. The responsibilities of the first arriving units may need to deviate from the standard operating procedures to accommodate the victims.

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15.2.1 First Arriving units may need to do the following: A. Take a “no-rush” approach to the incident

B. Attempt to determine the nature and extent of the hazardous release

C. Direct self-evacuating victims to a Safe Refuge Area

D. Provide a detailed preliminary report as soon as possible

E. Request additional assistance based on initial size-up

15.2.2 The Incident Commander should establish a Command Post in the Support Zone upwind and uphill of the hazardous release.

15.2.3 All personnel should immediately don full PPE and SCBA until safe zones are determined.

15.2.4 If the first units on scene are CPC Ladder Companies or SOC Support Ladder Companies, these units should not perform haz-mat duties until additional companies arrive to control ambulatory victims. Scene control may be compromised if these units take the time to don CPC.

15.2.5 Because of the difficulty of working in CPC, every effort should be made to quickly monitor areas of life hazard. As areas are determined to be at a low enough hazard level to allow members to operate in a lower level of protection, the IC can then assign companies in the appropriate PPE to operate there. This will free up CPC-equipped units for further advances into areas not yet searched.

16. EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT

16.1 Private corporations, outside agencies and other city agencies maintain specialized equipment and services that may be placed at the disposal of the Fire Department for use at hazardous materials incidents.

16.2 A catalog of these services and equipment is maintained by the Bureau of Fire Communications, Fire Department Operations Center (FDOC) and the Office of Emergency Management (OEM).

16.3 Requests for assistance from these agencies shall be transmitted to the Dispatcher by the IC. Approval will come from the Commissioner and Chief of Department or their designee.

16.4 The IC will designate the exact location to which the special equipment will respond.

17. INTER-AGENCY SUPPORT SYSTEM

17.1 As part of the response system, various agencies will be notified and will respond based on the specific nature of the incident. It is essential that each responder be familiar with New York City's Incident Management System since each agency has a specific role in the overall response.

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17.2 The following agency resources are available and will respond as needed and according to the New York City’s Incident Management System. Their duties include but are not necessarily limited to the following:

17.2.1 Office of Emergency Management (OEM)

Function as the On-Scene Coordinator

Coordinate all City agency activities

Staff and support Interagency Command Center (ICC)

Contact and maintain liaison with New York State Office of EmergencyManagement

Arrange private sector containment, control, clean up and disposal ofhazardous materials, where necessary

17.2.2 New York City Police Department (NYPD)

Control traffic and emergency vehicle access in site vicinity

Control crowds.

Provide hazardous materials response personnel if available

Perform crime scene investigation/evidence preservation

Provide site security

Provide force protection

Perform searches for secondary devices

17.2.3 Department of Environmental Protection (DEP)

Dispatch response team to provide technical personnel and equipment

Sample and analyze substances and the environment

Gather information and provide technical guidance to the IC and OEM

17.2.4 Department of Sanitation

Maintain/supply materials for containment and confinement operations

Clean up and dispose of materials (except liquids) rendered harmless, asdetermined by DEP and the New York City Department of Health and MentalHygiene (DOHMH)

Investigate and enforce environmental/dumping regulations

17.2.5 New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH)

Provide technical information on material’s hazards to the IC and OEM

Assess effects to public health

Provide informational/precautionary press statements concerning public health

Ensure proper mitigation and disposal of radioactive and biological agents

17.2.6 New York City Mayor’s Press Office

Exclusive authority for public information and warnings

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18. INCIDENT TERMINATION PROCEDURES

18.1 Clean-up Operations

18.1.1 Incident termination activities include removing the hazardous material and all contaminated debris (including dirt, water, containers, vehicles, tools and equipment) to make the scene safe for re-occupation.

18.1.2 Clean-up operations are not Fire Department functions. However, the Fire Department is responsible for ensuring that clean-up operations take place.

18.1.3 The Fire Department will cooperate with the DEP in arranging clean-up activities.

18.2 Sample Testing and Analysis

18.2.1 The Hazardous Materials Unit may take samples of materials for testing by DEP or DOHMH. Under no circumstances should any Fire Department unit, including the Hazardous Materials Unit, transport these samples or any hazardous material.

18.2.2 If operations are concluded and DEP or DOHMH has not arrived at the scene, these samples will remain at the scene for pick up. A Fire Department unit or Fire Marshal shall remain with the samples until released to the appropriate agency.

18.3 Fire Prevention Regulations

18.3.1 Prior to leaving the scene, the IC shall review the particulars of the incident to make a preliminary determination regarding compliance with fire prevention regulations and directives.

18.3.2 Violations should be addressed through violation orders, summonses or vacate orders. If necessary, the IC should request an inspector from the Bureau of Fire Prevention, Hazard Control Group, to respond. This inspector will assist the IC in determining what enforcement actions may be necessary.

18.3.3 Additionally, within ten days from the completion of the post-incident review, the IC shall notify the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention of any violation or suspected violation of statutes or regulations that the IC became aware of during the course of the response to the hazardous material incident or during the post-incident review process.

19. POST-INCIDENT REVIEW

19.1 The Incident Commander is responsible for reviewing the actions at each hazardous materials operation. Corrective actions should be taken and recommendations regarding procedures or elements of the response plan. The post-incident review should be forwarded through the chain of command with endorsements to the Chief of Operations.

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19.2 The Fire Department will review all hazardous materials incidents in order to:

Identify and correct any deficiencies in the response plan

Identify trends, patterns and deficiencies in procedures that need to be addressed orrevised in operations, safety or training programs

Develop a database to establish profiles for decisions regarding tools and equipment,training, budgeting, operations, hazard prevention legislation, etc.

Identify incidents where the Fire Department may seek cost recovery or incidents thatmay qualify for reimbursement under EPA regulations

Document efforts of proactive intervention to reduce losses

Post-incident reviews include analysis of the following incidents:o Citywide 10-80 response recordo Exposure/injury reports CD-73 and CD-72o Any incident involving decontamination

Consolidated reports and descriptions of these incidents will be reviewed on a monthlybasis by:

o Bureau of Operationso Division of Safetyo Division of Trainingo Chief-in-Charge of Haz-Mat Operations

19.3 After-Action Review

When an After Action Review is ordered, the IC for the particular incident shall prepare a narrative report addressed to the Chief of Operations, containing at least the following information:

Date, box number, location

Conditions found and actions taken by the first responding units

Conditions found and actions taken by the first Chief Officer to arrive

Hazard identification and site control measures taken and results

Personal protective equipment and special chemical protective equipment used byeach group of responders at the incident. Describe decisions made regarding changesin these levels of protection

A timeline describing the notification, change of command and arrival of special units,outside agencies, etc.

ICS organizational structure developed (including positions staffed, command post,sectors/groups, control zones, etc.)

Key phases of the incident including sufficient detail to explain changes in incidentactivities or other significant events during the life of the incident. Include descriptionof alternative plans considered, if any

Decontamination procedures

Medical Branch Operation summary

Problems encountered and lessons learned

Recommendations

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20. FINANCE—COST RECOVERY

20.1 Cost recovery from the party responsible for the incident or recovery from Federal funding involves documenting all information pertinent to the costs incurred by the Department or City in mitigating the incident. All costs must be documented and supported with written materials such as damage reports, time records, receipts and invoices.

20.2 For every Signal 10-80 Code 1 where any HM Group Technician/Specialist Company operates, a CD-15H (NYFIRS - VERSION) shall be completed.

20.3 The CD-15H is identical to the incident report except that the HazMat module is accessible for only those with HazMat rights. When the Haz-Mat module is complete, the officer shall mark the CD-15H Done checkbox. The Battalion Chief responsible for the report shall ensure that the CD-15H box is checked and completed by responding HazMat Unit(s). Upon completion of the CD-15H, the battalion can then close the incident report.

20.4 If an HMTU operates alone, this company will be responsible to complete the CD-15H.

20.5 If HMC1 responds and operates, HMC1 will be responsible for completing the CD-15H.

20.6 If multiple HazMat/SOC Units respond to an incident, Haz-Mat Company 1 is responsible to complete the CD15-H.

20.7 If no HMTU operates at a hazardous materials incident, the IC should ensure that the hazardous material information is entered into NYFIRS.

20.8 Original reports shall be forwarded to Haz-Mat Operations to be entered into a database and then forwarded to Fiscal Services for appropriate Responsible Party Billing.

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21. HAZARDOUS MATERIALS IDENTIFICATION

D.O.T Rail Car Identification

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D.O.T. Road Car Identification

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NFPA 704 DIAMOND (From IAFF Training for Hazardous Materials: Technician©)

The NFPA Diamond is a labeling system that incorporates the use of four diamonds combined in one central diamond. NFPA 704 M is a standardized system that uses numbers and colors to define the hazards of a material. The diamond-shaped design displays four color and hazard combinations similar to the HMIS systems:

Health (blue) Flammability (red) Reactivity (yellow) Special Information (white0

To indicate the degree of the hazard presented by the material, the numbers from 0 – 4 are used. The number four (4) indicates the maximum or most severe hazard. NFPA ratings for individual chemicals can be found in the NFPA “Guide to Hazardous Materials”

Health Hazard or Blue Section Flammability Hazard or Red Section 4 Deadly 4 Flash Point below 73oF 3 Extreme Danger 3 Flash Point below 100oF 2 Hazardous 2 Flash Point above 100oF, not exceeding 200oF 1 Slightly Hazardous 1 Above 200oF 0 Normal Material 0 Will Not Burn

Reactivity Hazard or Yellow Section Special Information or White Section 4 May Detonate OX = Oxidizer 3 Shock and Heat May Detonate W = Use no water 2 Violent Chemical Change ACID = Acid 1 Unstable if Heated ALK = Alkali 0 Stable COR = Corrosive

FLAMMABILITY

(Red)

HEALTH HAZARD

(Blue)REACTIVITY

(Yellow)

SPECIAL HAZARDS

(White)

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GLOSSARY

APR Air purifying respirator

Asymptomatic Not showing symptoms of disease or illness, even though infection has occurred

BHS Bureau of Health Services

CFR Code of Federal Regulations

CFR-D Certified First Responder-Defibrillator

Conditions Car EMS field supervisor

CP Command Post

CPC Chemical Protective Clothing

Decontamination The process of removing or reducing a contaminant from a person, object, or environment

DEP New York City Department of Environmental Protection

DOHMH New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene

DOT Department of Transportation

ERG Emergency Response Guidebook (DOT)

ERP Emergency Response Plan

EMS FDNY Emergency Medical Services

EMT Emergency Medical Technician

EPA Environmental Protection Agency

Exclusion zone A restricted area within the release point(s) of a biological agent

HAG Hazard Action Guide (distributed to all Fire Units)

IC Incident Commander

ICS Incident Command System

NFPA National Fire Protection Association

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OEM Office of Emergency Management

OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration

PAPR Power air purified respirator

PPE Personal Protective Equipment

REMAC Regional Medical Advisory Committee

SCBA Self Contained Breathing Apparatus

Sign What medical personnel actually see; objective evidence of the illness

SOC Special Operations Command

SOP Standard Operating Procedure

SRA Safe Refuge Area

START Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment

Symptom Subjective evidence of the ailment

Triage System of ranking injured or sick people according to the severity of their injury or illness

Upwind The direction from which the wind is blowing

Worried-well People who are asymptomatic, but access the medical care system frequently to assuage their anxiety triggered by a public health emergency

SOURCES

Occupational Safety and Health Administration 29 CFR 1910.120 - Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response

Environmental Protection Agency- 40 CFR 300

Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act

N.Y.C. Charter

Office of Emergency Management Memorandum of Understanding - Asbestos (12/5/89)

The Rules of the City of New York 24-605

Firescope Field Operations Guide ICS 420-1

National Incident Management System

Rev. 09/01/14