finding and managing engineering information … and the challenge of publishing open access
TRANSCRIPT
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Finding and managing engineering information … and the challenge of publishing Open Access
Photos: R. Jupitz
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Information challenges for academic research
• Being more sure not to miss something essential? – Systematically using subject-specific databases
• Getting access to full texts? – Search engines and beyond
• Coping with information overload? – Using reference managent software like Zotero or Citavi
• Citing and respecting intellectual property rights − an aspect of Good Scientific Practice
• Publishing Open Access!?
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Informing – Points to survive
1. Orientation before searching.
Use subject gateways, reference works and your local library!
This presentation! 8-)
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Subject gateways
U.S. National Center for Biotechnology Information http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov http://www.econbiz.de A printed source: Using the engineering literature / Bonnie A. Osif. 2. ed. 2012. Shelf number for reference copy: TEA-804
http://www.tib.uni-hannover.de/en.html https://getinfo.de/app?&lang=en
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
• Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (6. ed., 2002, 40 Bände) Online im TUHH-Intranet (2015 ed.)!
• Comprehensive biotechnology (6 Vol., 2. ed., 2011) Online in TUHH Intranet!
• Comprehensive Renewable Energy (2013, 8 vols) Online im TUHH-Intranet!
• Encyclopedia of industrial biotechnology, bioprocess, bioseparation, and cell technology (2010, 7 Bände)
• Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology (5. ed., 2004-2007)
• Encyclopedia of ethical, legal, and policy issues in biotechnology (2000)
Using encyclopedias and reference works!
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Subject information Process engineering @TUBHH
http://www.tub.tuhh.de/en/subject-information/process-and-chemical-engineering/
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Informing – Points to survive
1. Orientation before searching.
2. Don‘t trust only one information source.
How to be more sure not to miss something essential?
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Finding journal articles via subject-specific databases
Web of Science with Science Citation Index - interdisciplinary! Who cited a specific document? How much is a document cited?
TEMA (Technology and Management), wti Frankfurt, formerly Fachinformationszentrum (FIZ) Technik
(Access to these reference databases only within TUHH intranet)
PubMed
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Differences
Seach engines Subject databases
• Interdisciplinary sources
• Widely intuitively to use
• Full text often searchable
• Rarely intellectual indexing
• Abbrevating of search terms automatically („stemming“)
• Search philosophy: Best hits, relevance ranking
• Good for subject-specific searching
• Sophisticated stragegies for searching possible
• Full text not included in search index
• Partially intellectual indexing with descriptors or integrated thesaurus
• Abbreviating search terms with wildcard symbol (often *)
• Search philosophy: Exact hits, Boolean combination of search terms
Use diverse databases and search engines!
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Database of databases: Subject overview
www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/dbinfo/
http://tinyurl.com/DBIS-TUHH (German interface only)
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Articles’ databases: Diversity and outcome
Database GVK-Plus (GBV Common Library Network )
PubMed, TEMA (wti), Web of Science
Publishers‘ portals: Wiley, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect
Google Scholar, BASE (Bielefeld Acad. Search Engine)
Content articles, books, and more
Articles, (conference papers)
articles, books, book chapters
articles, books, files, and more
Searchable content
bibliographical description
bibliographical description, abstracts
bibliographical description, abstracts, full text
full text
Content from
printed and electronic holdings of libraries
diverse publishers
only publisher, here e.g. Springer
who knows? 8-)
Access to full text
directly, through library in print or ordering via interlibary loan
through other databases, link resolver or interlibrary loan
directly, in case access is part of subscription
directly, access maybe restricted
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
About 60 % of the information in patents is not published elsewhere. DEPATISnet - the German patent information system at http://depatisnet.dpma.de
esp@cenet – European Patent Office http://worldwide.espacenet.com/
US patents via the US Patent and Trademark Office http://patft.uspto.gov/ https://www.tub.tuhh.de/en/find/patents/
Patents for talents!
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Searching for substance properties’ data
In reference works (CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook, Aldrich Handbook) In extensive substance property collections („Handbooks“) (Landolt-Börnstein Numerical data and functional relationships in science and technology, Gmelin Handbook of Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Beilstein Handbook of Organic Chemistry)
Via the net (e.g. NIST Chemistry WebBook at webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/ or the Physical Properties Sources Index (PPSI) at http://www.eqi.ethz.ch/en/ - also: Reaxys, SciFinder, both not @TUHamburg) More: https://www.tub.tuhh.de/en/find/substance-property-data/
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Informing – Points to survive
1. Orientation before searching.
2. Don‘t trust only one information source.
3. In case you are asked for your login or for your credit card, remember the library …
How to get full text?
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
How to get the full text of this article?
Bohr, H; Bohr, J: Microwave-enhanced folding and denaturation of globular proteins. Phys. Rev. E Vol.: 61 Iss.: 4 Pg: 4310-4314
Access not possible via publisher‘s website within TUHH intranet. Catalog and link resolver link to fulltext via GetInfo at TIB Hannover!
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Beyond Google! FindING @ TUHH-Bibliothek
First orientation
Library Catalog TUBfind
Actual research information
Specials
Reference databases for journal articles: TEMA, Web of Science
Civil engineering: RSWB, TEMA Electrical engeineering: Inspec, TEMA, (IEEE) Mechanical engineering: TEMA, Web of Science Process engineering: Web of Science, TEMA Business sciences: TEMA, Business Source Premier, WISO
Library website: https://www.tub.tuhh.de/en/ Subject groups in reading room Encyclopedias and other reference works
Media - digital (TUHH intranet!) or printed (reading rooms, closed stacks) https://katalog.tub.tuhh.de/?mylang=en
German DIN standards online!
Patents: Esp@cenet, DEPATISnet
Interlibrary loan and document delivery
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Looking for books
http://www.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de/kvk.html
GVK - GBV Union Catalogue http://gso.gbv.de/DB=2.1/LNG=EN/
http://www.worldcat.org/
Local library catalog, e.g. from the TUHH library https://katalog.tub.tuhh.de/?mylang=en
Regional Catalogue of Hamburg http://gso.gbv.de/DB=2.91/LNG=EN/
http://books.google.com
http://beluga.hamburg
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
„On the shoulders of“ Google Scholar
Ca. 1410 Quelle: http://lccn.loc.gov/50041709
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com
Finding full texts
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
From Google Scholar to the printed book!
Classical interface of the catalog!
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
A further example
Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Interlibrary loan via library union network
Interlibrary loan for material not
owned by the TUHH library! Use the databases of the GBV Common Library Network to locate material! Fee 1,50 € for one article (copy) or book.
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Function of Link Resolvers
Cited source
Link Resolver
Source of full text
Knowledge base with local
holdings data
Catalog data, maintenance through
library
Meta data (in OpenURL)
URL of source, e.g. DOI (in OpenURL)
Search in catalog, interlibrary loan
database
Meta data (in OpenURL)
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Informing – Points to survive
1. Orientation before searching.
2. Don‘t trust only one information source.
3. In case you are asked for your login or for your credit card, remember the library …
4. When searching: „Bulls*** in, bulls*** out.“
Think about search terms you use and their variations and synonyms.
Poorly chosen search terms bring poor search results. Too general key words lead to too many hits from which often only a fraction is useful; when using too specific key words, important information might not be found.
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Play! With search terms!
Make a search term diagram!
Topic: Microbial degradation of aromatic compounds in soil Component 1 Component 2 Component 3 Microbi* degrad* aromat* soil* Biodegrad* Polyaromat* Clay* Bioremed* Benzene compost* Microbi* decompos* PAH sediment* Mikrobiol* abbau* Naphthalin Boden* Böden
Component 1 AND Component 2 AND Component 3 where e.g.
Component 1 = (“microbi* degrad*”) OR biodegrad* OR bioremed* OR...
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Playing with search terms in Web of Science
www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/dbinfo/
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Play! With databases!
Explore database features:
• Boolean logic
• Wildcard symbols: * ? $
• “Neighborhood operators”: Context and phrases
• Search fields: Basic index, author field, descriptor or thesaurus fields
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Informing – Points to survive
1. Orientation before searching.
2. Don‘t trust only one information source.
3. In case you are asked for your login or for your credit card, remember the library …
4. When searching: „Bulls*** in, bulls*** out.“
5. When finding information - think already of its further processing, respectively later publication of your research results.
How to cope with information overload?
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Reference management is no art!
Matej Krén, Idiom, Town Library Prague (1998), Photo 2009
Today not searching or finding is the main problem, but coping with information overload!
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Software for reference management
http://www.tub.tuhh.de/en/publishing/reference-management/
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Possible functionalities in Citavi Step-by-Step Overview http://ftp.citavi.com/service/en/docs/Citavi_5_Slideshows.pdf Numbers can be used for short links to step-by-step guides in the manual, e.g. www.citavi.com/shows/10
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Bibliographical formats to import
TY - JOUR SN - 0926-9630 AU - Jauhiainen, A. AU - Pulkkinen, R. T1 - Problem-based learning JF - Studies in health SP - 572 EP - 576 VL - 146 PY - 2009 KW - Education KW - Nursing ER -
RIS %0 Journal Article %@ 0926-9630 %A Jauhiainen, A. %A Pulkkinen, R. %T Problem-based learning %J Studies in health %P 572-576 %V 146 %D 2009 %K Education %K Nursing
EndNote Tagged
@article{Jauhiainen_Pulkkinen:2009, author = {Jauhiainen, A. and Pulkkinen, R.}, year = {2009}, title = {Problem-based learning and e-learning methods in clinical practice}, keywords = {Education; Nursing}, pages = {572--576}, volume = {146}, issn = {0926-9630}, journal = {Studies in health} }
BibTeX
PMID- 19592907 PT - Journal Article IS - 0926-9630 (Print) AU - Jauhiainen A AU - Pulkkinen R TI - Problem-based learning JT - Studies in health PG - 572-6 VI - 146 DP - 2009 MH - Education MH - Nursing
No Standard
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Types of Citation Styles
40
References as in-text
citations
Author / Date (Doe, Smith 2009:
14)
Reference number
[34]
Citation Key [DoS09:14]
References as footnotes
Author / Date Doe, Smith 2009: 14
Full citation Jane Doe, Mia
Smith: E-Learning. London 2009, p. 14
Full citation in footnotes sometimes called „Oxford System“. Known style = Chicago-Manual of Style
Author-Year-System also called „Harvard System“. Known style = APA-Style.
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
How to reduce uncertainty to miss important information?
• Using different databases. • Using subject-specific databases. • Reflecting on appropriate search terms. • Knowing how to logically combine search terms
within a specific database interface. • Keeping treck of results through effective
reference management. • …
A first summary
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Research integrity
„European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity“ (2011) of the European Science Foundation http://www.esf.org/coordinating-research/mo-fora/research-integrity.html
„[T]he principles of integrity in scientific and scholarly research […] include: • honesty in communication; • reliability in performing research; • objectivity; • impartiality and independence; • openness and accessibility; • duty of care; • fairness in providing references and giving credit; and • responsibility for the scientists and researchers of the future.“ (p.5)
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Good Scientific Practice
Recommendations of the German Research Foundation (DFG) for "Safeguarding Good Scientific Practice” (Updated 2013) http://www.dfg.de/en/research_funding/principles_dfg_funding/good_scientific_practice/ • Richtlinie zur Sicherung guter wissenschaftlicher Praxis und zum Umgang mit wissenschaftlichem Fehlverhalten an der Technischen Universität Hamburg-Harburg http://www.tuhh.de/tuhh/uni/informationen/ordnungen-richtlinien/richtlinie-zur-sicherung-guter-wissenschaftlicher-praxis.html
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Play the Dilemma Game
“Dilemma Game ‘Professionalism and Integrity in Research’” offered by the Erasmus University Rotterdam http://www.eur.nl/english/eur/publications/integrity/dilemma_game/
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Basic rules for citing
1) Used sources have to be quoted.
2) Position of references has to be without any doubt.
3) Cited sources have to be traceable because of bibliographical description.
4) Consult the original document of your sources! Don‘t use a citation from a paper without looking at the original document of the citation. Avoid secondary citations!
According: Theuerkauf, Judith: Schreiben im Ingenieurstudium : Effektiv und effizient zur Bachelor-, Master- und Doktorarbeit. Paderborn : Schöningh, 2012, pp. 86-99. Biedermann, Wieland et al: Forschungsmethodik in den Ingenieurwissenschaften : Skript vom Lehrstuhl für Produktentwicklung, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Udo Lindemann, Technische Universität München (TUM), 2012, p. 63.
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Avoid secondary citations! An example
A conference paper cited a lot Friedel, L. (1979). Improved Friction Pressure Drop Correlations for Horizontal and Vertical Two-Phase Pipe Flow, European Two-Phase Flow Group Meeting, Ispra, Italy, June, Paper E2.
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Also actually cited a lot!
Friedel, L. (1979). Improved Friction Pressure Drop Correlations for Horizontal and Vertical Two-Phase Pipe Flow. …
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Locating paper via interlibrary loan!
Searching the catalog of the GBV Common Library Network (https://www.gbv.de/?set_language=en): Friedel, L. (1979). Improved Friction Pressure Drop Correlations for Horizontal and Vertical Two-Phase Pipe Flow, European Two-Phase Flow Group Meeting, Ispra, Italy, June, Paper E2.
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Accessible at TIB/UB Hannover!
Searching the catalog of the GBV Common Library Network: Friedel, L. (1979). Improved Friction Pressure Drop Correlations for Horizontal and Vertical Two-Phase Pipe Flow, European Two-Phase Flow Group Meeting, Ispra, Italy, June, Paper E2.
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Getting the paper via interlibrary loan!
Accessible is only the abstract! Friedel, L. (1979). Improved Friction Pressure Drop Correlations for Horizontal and Vertical Two-Phase Pipe Flow, European Two-Phase Flow Group Meeting, Ispra, Italy, June, Paper E2.
And now?
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Searching the paper in an engineering database!
Database: TEMA Technology and Management from wti-Frankfurt Friedel, L. (1979). Improved Friction Pressure Drop Correlations for Horizontal and Vertical Two-Phase Pipe Flow, European Two-Phase Flow Group Meeting, Ispra, Italy, June, Paper E2.
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Complete paper appeared in a journal!
Result in TEMA: Friedel, L. (1979). Improved Friction Pressure Drop Correlations for Horizontal and Vertical Two-Phase Pipe Flow, European Two-Phase Flow Group Meeting, Ispra, Italy, June, Paper E2.
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Journal in print available at TUHH library!
Friedel, L. (1979). Improved Friction Pressure Drop Correlations for Horizontal and Vertical Two-Phase Pipe Flow, European Two-Phase Flow Group Meeting, Ispra, Italy, June, Paper E2.
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Searching for paper in database Web of Science! Friedel, L. (1979). Improved Friction Pressure Drop Correlations for Horizontal and Vertical Two-Phase Pipe Flow, European Two-Phase Flow Group Meeting, Ispra, Italy, June, Paper E2.
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Versions of citing Friedel‘s paper
Searching the database „Web of Science“! The correct citation: Friedel, L. (1979). Improved Friction Pressure Drop Correlations for Horizontal and Vertical Two-Phase Pipe Flow. In: 3 R-International, 18, 7, 485-491. „Mixtures“ 8-)
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Informing – Points to survive
1. Orientation before searching.
2. Don‘t trust only one information source.
3. In case you are asked for your login or for your credit card, remember the library …
4. When searching: „Bulls*** in, bulls*** out.“
5. When finding information - think already of its further processing respectively later publication of your research results.
6. Keeping current …
7. Reflect on information and on your own information behavior
https://www.tub.tuhh.de/en/find/subject-information/informing-points-to-survive/
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Thinking about publishing
Graphics from: J. Priem, D. Taraborelli, P. Groth, C. Neylon (2010), Altmetrics: A manifesto, 26 October 2010. http://altmetrics.org/manifesto CC BY-SA
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Journals’ Crisis
Length of publication process, subscription prices of journals => Open Access (OA)
Authors want to publish more, readers want to read less.
(Hans E. Roosendaal, University of Twente)
http://engineering.library.cornell.edu/about/StickerShock http://engineering.library.cornell.edu/about/StickerShock2
Foto: TilarX / Flickr https://www.flickr.com/photos/tylerstefanich/2117633427/ CC BY 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/)
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Services for publishing
Foto: TilarX / Flickr https://www.flickr.com/photos/tylerstefanich/2117633427/ CC BY 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/)
https://www.tub.tuhh.de/en/publishing/
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Open knowledge
Openness defined: “Open data and content can be freely used, modified, and shared by anyone for any purpose”
http://opendefinition.org/
Graphics: e-InfraNet: ‘Open’ as the default modus operandi for research and higher education (2013) http://tinyurl.com/diversity-openness CC-BY-SA 3.0 Lizenz
https://okfn.org/
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Open Access (OA)
• Without costs for readers • Worldwide availability without technical or legal
barriers
• TUB HH: http://www.tub.tu-harburg.de/en/publishing/openaccess/
• http://www.openaccessweek.org
Free and unhindered access to scholarly information for anybody
Supported by all major German research communities: Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities. 22 October 2003
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Better visibility and citation of
documents and data
Immediate access to scientific
information free of cost
Easy reuse and modification
Fast discussion and reception of research results
Way out of the journal crisis for
libraries
Better quality because anybody can find mistakes
Copyright stays with the author
Reasons for Open Access
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Ensuring the quality of Open
Access publications!?
Using alternative methods for peer
review, e.g. altmetrics!?
Managing author costs (article processing charges)!?
Ensuring longtime archiving!?
Using open content
licenses!?
Managing copyright issues
when publishing!?
Getting and measuring impact and reputation!?
Open Access challenges
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
„Open Access is a strategic aim of TUHH“
Presidium of TUHH 20.03.2013
The Golden Road: First publication in Open
Access journal
Articles in peer-reviewed Open Access journals
Finding the right journal: Directory of Open Access Journals www.doaj.org
Publication fees: Support by Publishing Fund
of TUHH
The Green Road: Parallel publication of pre-
and postprints as Open Access
Practicing the right to publish pre-/post-prints as
secondary publication
Self archiving via TUBdok: Open Access Repository of
the TUHH
What is allowed by my publisher:
Open Access Policies www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/
Ways to publish Open Access
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Using open licences
CC 0 Public Domain
CC BY 4.0 Attribution (Indicate if changes were made)
CC BY-SA 4.0 Attribution-ShareAlike
CC BY-ND 4.0 Attribution-NoDerivatives
CC BY-NC 4.0 Attribution-NonCommercial
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives
CC-Graphics: http://creativecommons.org/examples / CC BY 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
A modular system for securing some intellectual property rights: Share – Adapt – Remix
Photo: TilarX / Flickr https://www.flickr.com/photos/tylerstefanich/2117633427/ CC BY 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/)
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Nature Special 2013 on the future of publishing
http://www.nature.com/news/specials/scipublishing/
Open Access Data curation Quality of Open Access publishers Alternatives to Peer Review: “Altmetrics” Impact Factor and Hirsch-Index Creative Commens-Licences
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Another tip: Thinking anew about science!
Open Access publication 2014: http://www.openingscience.org/get-the-book/
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
At the end something general
Some general hints and key competences when managing information
‣ Be prepared for constant change.
‣ Know your skills and limits!
‣ Tolerate ambiguity and differences.
‣ Don‘t give up too early.
‣ Be aware that every fact is the result of an act, that information has been created by somebody with a certain purpose.
According: T. Hapke: Informationskompetenz in einer neuen Informationskultur. In: Handbuch Informationskompetenz, S. 36-48. Ed. W. Sühl-Strohmenger. Berlin: De Gruyter Saur, 2012.
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
A written summary of this presentation
Appendix I. The world of biotechnology information: seven points for reflecting on your information behavior (by T. Hapke) In: Buchholz, K., Kasche, V., Bornscheuer, U.T.: Biocatalysts and Enzyme Technology. 2. ed. Wiley-VCH, 2012, S. 553-564. Preprint available at: http://www.chemie.uni-greifswald.de/~biotech/assets/downloads/Information_BuchholzKascheBornscheuer.pdf
September 2015 University Library, Thomas Hapke
Contact
Thomas Hapke Web: http://www.tuhh.de/b/hapke/ Blog: http://blog.hapke.de Slidespace: http://www.slideshare.net/thapke Tweets: http://twitter.com/thapke
Informing – Points to survive at https://www.tub.tuhh.de/en/informing-points-to-survive/