final report betul

[PROPOSED PENDANG DISTRICT POLICE HEADQUARTERS] AAR 4201

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.0 INTRODUCTION

The Royale Malaysian Police (RMP) is the organization that functions to keep the safety and security

in the country. This organization gives big impact to the safety and security level for the country by

implementing the organization system which focusing on level of the public from the national level

until the lowest level of the society which is securing on the small residential area.

To increase the efficiency on the police organization, the highest amount number of police buildings

which is on the district level is focused and must be improved in term of the design in order to suit the

current state of security level that required by police organization thus resolving the problems found

on the current design of police building.

Nevertheless, there are no improvements in the design of the police building on the district level. This

will cause reduction on the safety and security due to poor/old master planning, the poor building

performance for future and also the building image that is not up to date to reflect the current police

organization.

1.1 THE ISSUES

1.1.1 SAFETY AND SECURITY ISSUES

As stated in the EPU (Economic Planning Unit) the District Police Headquarters is gazette to

be the safety building (bangunan Keselamatan ) in the government policies and it means the

safety and security of the building is in high priority when designing such building. There are

four critical area that need to be focused such as described below:

Safety and security for case material/exhibit

Safety and security of armory unit


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Safety and security of division ( operational, communication, special branch and

offices)

Safety and security of users, detainees and the officer (building occupants)

As stated by Marzuki Yusoff, Utusan on 4th February 2001, a group of men attacked the

police station at Guar Chempedak, Kedah and wounding two policemen and ran two M16

rifle barrel. The example above shows that there been trial to breach the police building for

weaponry purposes.

According to Technology Crime Investigation (TCI)'s chief inspector Mahfuz Ab Majid

as cited by Rozana Sani in her article “Police to beef up tech crime team”, Computime (2002)

stated that:

Although the number of reported ICT-related criminal cases so far has been few and

are often "prankster-type" electronic mail (e-mail) abuse, the police expects more

serious crimes to be reported when ICT users become more knowledgeable and

confident.

"At present, the types of cases reported include hacking, e-mail abuse, illegal online

pyramid schemes, distribution of pirated software and intent fraud. While the current

trend points to mischief making, it is only a matter of time such crimes escalate to

more serious crimes such as espionage," he said, adding that the development in

electronic commerce (e-commerce) warrants new approaches in forensics,

investigation and prosecution.”

Case 2 case that reflected the safety and security of police building is published by MyMetro

in article “Curi teksi barang kes” 17th july 2010:

“ Dua lelaki bertindak berani apabila melarikan sebuah teksi yang menjadi barang kes

polis trafik Kuala Lumpur selepas kenderaan itu terbabit kemalangan langgar lari. “

This is the example to show the importance of the high security on the building especially for

the crucial spaces such as the case material/exhibit area.


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1.1.2 THE LACK OF SPACES FOR FUTURE EXPANSION IN POLICE BUILDING

The main issue of the Royal Malaysia Police (RMP) is about the inadequate of human

resource or the enforcement to run the vision and mission of police such as protecting and

preserving the human right and peace. Datuk Lau Yeng Peng (2010), Special officer from

Kementerian Dalam Negeri stated that the recommended ratio proposed by the Interpol for

police to public is 1:250-500.This statement is supported by Former Head of Royal

Malaysian Police ,Tan Sri Musa Hassan (2010), in the article “penstrukturan semula PDRM”

which stated that the current ratio of police to public is not equivalent to the ratio proposed by

the Interpol which is 1:250. The number of people and crime statistic are always increasing

and now involves global crimes and it can be controlled by increasing the number of

enforcements and also the technologies. The concerned area is on the rural which lacking in

the provision of the police facilities that are not sustainably designed to fit with the future city

planning.

Both statements do not reflect the current police building design where most of it is

not designed to be accommodated by extreme number of officers in order to materialize the

target of 1:250 ratios as stated by the Interpol. It shows that the area and space planning for

current police building especially on the District Police Headquarter are not suitable for

future need.

The second aspect of the building that will force the building to expand is about the division

(departments) and facilities inside of the district police headquarters. The table below shows

the differences between the required division for a new district police headquarters building

and also the future division that can be possibly required by the police.

Table 1 : the differences between the required division and future division

REQUIRED DIVISION FUTURE DIVISION/FACILITIES

Police station : jenis Bandar Bahagian Ketenteraman Awam

Traffic division Technology Division ( applied by Singapore

police )

Crime Investigation Division Vehicle division ( workshop, parking etc)

Commercial Crime Investigation Community facilities

Narcotic Division

Management and administration division


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KPD ( Ketua Polis Daerah ) office

Kongsi Gelap

Bantuan Teknik Foto

Risikan Jenayah

Court Division

Special Branch

Operational Division

Logistic Division

Lockup division

Exhibit Division

Armory division

Communication division

(Source: EPU (Economic planning Unit) Guideline)

1.1.3 BUILDING IMAGE THAT NOT REFLECTING POLICE ORGANIZATION

From the survey and case studies, it found out that the building image of the police is not up

to the standard and the police organization. In summary, this problem is due to the improper

planning of the service location.

1.2 THESIS STATEMENT

To propose a district police headquarter at Pendang in concerning on increasing the safety

and security level, future building expansion on the master planning and also to improve the

building image for a district police headquarters.

1.3 THESIS OBJECTIVES

The proposal of Pendang District Police Headquarter is function in upgrading the police

building especially for district level. There are three objectives that are emphasized in the

design which are:

• Increasing the safety and security level of police by refining the hierarchy level of

occupancy especially on the administration building and master planning, improving

the location and facilities inside and outside of the building to ensure the high safety

and security level of district police headquarter.


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• Sustainability issue which related to the future expansion of police building (space

and department) by applying new design for master planning and also internal

planning for district police headquarters.

• Enhancing the image of the police through the upgrade of the design approach toward

building façade and space, the upgrade of special area such as lock-up area which

currently lack on the hygienic aspect and other important building space components.

1.4 THESIS METHODOLOGY

There are 3 methodologies have been done in order to get the information and all the data

required to complete the research and importantly to strengthen and prove some of the data

that need to be approved and study. The understanding and several guidelines has been

studied to achieve the objective of the thesis. The used methodologies are listed below:

• Case and precedence studies

• Observation

• Interviews

• Survey and Questionnaire

1.4.1 CASE AND PRECEDENCE STUDIES

The methodology is chosen because of the advantages on identifying problems on the current

design for district police headquarters. Below is the criteria that need to have in selecting a

case and precedence studies.

1.4.1.1 DISTRICT POLICE HEADQUARTERS SELECTION METHOD FOR

PRECEDENT AND CASE STUDY

The selected of the precedent study and the case study on the district police headquarters are

important in order to get the data collection on the certain criteria.

Those criteria are as listed below:

a) Age of the building


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The selected buildings have the differences in term of the time of construction. The

selected case studies have the old layout of the district police headquarters and the

new one in order to compare the space arrangement, and the image of the building.

b) Location of the building

The selected buildings have the differences in term of the location which are on the

urban and suburban area. This criteria is important to get the the differences in the

provision of the departments and the facilities.

c) The technology/image used

This criteria is function to differentiate the gap between the the local district police

headquarters and the international district police headquarters in term of the

technology since there are no differences between the local police headquarters

because the police always choosing the typical design in approving any design for

new district police headquarters.

1.4.2 PRECEDENCE STUDY

1.4.2.1 INTERNATIONAL POLICE HEADQUARTERS

These two district police headquarters are selected base on the above criteria. The

objective of these international district police headquarters are mainly to differentiate on the

technology used in the building and the image approach on the building.

The other elements that differentiate are the space planning for the police station. The

limitation of the plan provision due to the safety and security are the reason for the researcher

cannot elaborate more on the planning and cannot compare the elements with the local

planning for district police headquarters design.


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Figure 1: Bendigo police headquarters,Australia

(Source: Google)

Figure 2: Seattle Justice Centre

(Source: Google)

Figure 3: Ontario Provincial Police headquarters

(Source: Google)


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1.4.3 CASE STUDY

Case studies on selected two (2) different district police headquarters were done to analyze

the above criteria. In detail, there are several criteria that have been measured such as listed

below:

Zoning

The understanding on the zoning for public and the officers in a district police

headquarters is the most important aspect that need to be measured on each of

the case study. This will help to increase teh safety and security level inside

the police headquarters.

Department division (vertical planning)

The analysis on the vertical planning is important since there are a lot of

departments inside the district police headquarters and need to know the

configuration of each department‟s relationship.

Master planning

The master planning of the district police headquarters are the most crucial one

because of the technicality which affect the level of the safety and security of

the area.

Building image/technology

The study and analysis on the building image and technology on each of the

case study are done to ensure that the image and technology are up to the

standard and reflecting the police organization.


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Figure 4: IPD Kuala Muda,Kedah

(Source: Google)

Figure 5: IPD Gombak,Selangor

1.4.4 Observation

Observation is carried out via visiting the selected district police headquarters as

explained above. The observations are carried on the behaviour of the public and also the

police officers. This is important to know the limitation of the circulation, flow and the

zoning of each of the hierarchy of the users.

1.4.5 Interviews

An interview is one of the methods used to gain information through secondary source.

Individual that is familiar with the topic studied. This method is flexible as fewer

restriction were placed on the respondents answers. By having the interview, clearer view

can be depicted from the point of a professional such as an architect and others.


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1.4.6 Survey and Questionnaire

The survey was conducted to the public in order to know the feedback on what they feel

toward the police organization in general and what they need for future in specific.

Several questions base on the experience, user‟s expectation are given to the respondent

for them to answer. The sample of the questionnaire is attached in the appendix.

1.4.7 Photography

Taking photography is an important method in order to obtain record on the existing

conditions of the police headquarters, the site and other crucial places. Then it can be

analyzed for future used.

1.5 Summary

The studies on the existing district police headquarter helps designer to improves and

predict the future need of the district police headquarters and helps police organization

improves their performance to the fullest. This chapter serves as a guideline to the following

chapter which is the literature review. The next chapter consists of the literature review on the

police organization that covers history and also the district police headquarters in detail.


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CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0 INTRODUCTION

The chapter will explain about the review on the police organization in term of the

structural organization and also the history behind the police organization. This chapter will

also covers on the division of the police organization in district level.

2.1 Definition of police

i. The people who work for an organization that tries to catch criminals and checks that

people obey the law(Macmillan,2002)

ii. The governmental department charged with the regulation and control of the affairs of

a community, now chiefly the department established to maintain order, enforce the

law, and prevent and detect crime.

iii. A body of persons making up such a department trained in methods of law

enforcement and crime prevention and detection and authorized to maintain the peace,

safety, and order of the community.

iv. Regulation and control of the affairs of a community, especially with respect to

maintenance of order, law, health, morals, safety, and other matters affecting the

public welfare. (Answer.com ,2010)

2.2 Royal Malaysia Police (RMP)

Malaysian police organization is well known organization which responsible to control the

safety and security of the country. It comprised of several elements such as stated below:

i. National police headquarters (Bukit Aman)

ii. Contingent police headquarters (Ibu Pejabat Polis kontinjen)

iii. District police headquarters(Ibu pejabat Polis Daerah)

iv. Police station( Balai Polis)

v. Police booth ( Pondok Polis)


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2.2.1 National Police Headquarters (bukit Aman)

The national police headquarters is the major elements and buildings for the police

organization which control the whole activities of police station in the country. It is located at

the Bukit Aman. Bukit Aman Police headquarters will be responsible for local cases and

international cases.

2.2.2 Contingent Police Headquarters ( Ibu Pejabat Polis Kontinjen)

The contingent police headquarters are located at each on the states of Malaysia which means

there are 14 contingent police headquarters all around Malaysia and it will be headed by

KETUA POLIS NEGERI and PESURUH JAYA POLIS for Sabah and Sarawak contingents.

For an example, Kedah Contingent police headquarters is located at Alor Setar. These level

of organization is functions to receive any orders directly from the the Bukit Aman and gives

order to the District police headquarters. It is also functioned to be the head of the district

police headquarters at its state.

2.2.3 District Police Headquarters (Ibu Pejabat Polis Daerah)

The district police headquarters is located at each of the district for a state and it will function

to monitor and maintaining the safety and security for the state level. The other function of

district police headquarter is to help and receive any cases for investigation from the police

station and its own cases.

From the current statistic, there are 148 district police headquarters buildings all around

the country and the detail of each of the district police headquarters are listed in the table

below:

Table 2 List of District Police Headquarters available in Malaysia

(Source: Royale Malaysian Police (RMP))

NO STATES DISTRICT POLICE HEADQUARTER

1 Johor IPD (trafik) johor bahru

IPD Batu Pahat

IPD Johor Bahru

IPD Johor Bahru Utara


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IPD Johor Bahru

Selatan

IPD Kluang

IPD Kota Tinggi

IPD Kulai Jaya

IPD Ledang

IPD Mersing

IPD Muar

IPD Nusa Jaya

IPD Pontian

IPD Segamat IPD Seri

Alam

2 Melaka IPD Alor Gajah

IPD Jasin

IPD Melaka Tengah

3 Seremban IPD Jelebu

IPD Jempol

IPD Seremban II

IPD tampin

IPD Kuala Pilah

IPD Port Dickson

IPD Rembau

4 Kuala Lumpur IPD Brickfield

IPD Cheras

IPD Dang Wangi

IPD Sentul

5 Selangor IPD Ampang Jaya

IPD Klang

IPD sepang

IPD Gombak

IPD Kuala Selangor

IPD Kuala Langat

IPD Serdang

IPD Hulu langat

IPD Shah Alam

IPD Hulu Selangor

IPD Petaling Jaya

IPD Subang Jaya

IPD Kajang

IPD Sabak Bernam

6 Perak IPD Batu Gajah

IPD Kerian

IPD Selama

IPD Gerik

IPD Kuala Kangsar

IPD Sungai Siput

IPD Hilir Perak

IPD Manjung

IPD Taiping


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IPD Ipoh

IPD Pengkalan Hulu

IPD Tanjung Malim

IPD Kampar

IPD Perak tengah

IPD Tapah

7 Kedah IPD Baling

IPD Kulim

IPD Yan

IPD Bandar Baru

IPD Langkawi

IPD Kot Setar

IPD Padang Terap

IPD Kuala Muda

IPD Pendang

IPD Kubang Pasu

IPD Sik

7 Pulau Pinang IPD Barat Daya

IPD Seberang Perai Selatan

IPD Seberang Perai

Tengah

IPD seberang Perai

Utara

IPD Timur Laut

8 Perlis IPD Kangar

IPD Padang Besar

9 Kelantan IPD Bachok

IPD Gua Musang

IPD Machang

IPD Pasir Mas

IPD Jeli

IPD Pasir Puteh

IPD Kota Bharu

IPD Tanah merah

IPD Kuala Krai

IPD Tumpat

10 Terengganu IPD Besut

IPD Marang

IPD Dungun

IPD Setiu

IPD Hulu Terengganu

IPD Kemaman

IPD Kuala Terengganu

11 Pahang IPD Bentong

IPD Kuantan

IPD Temerloh

IPD Bera


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IPD Maran

IPD Cameron Highland

IPD Pekan

IPD Jerantut

IPD Raub

IPD Kuala Lipis

IPD Rompin

Sarawak IPD Baram ( Marudi)

IPD Daro

IPD Kanowit

IPD Lubuk Antu

IPD Sarikei

IPD Song

IPD Bau

IPD Jalan Datuk Edward

IPD Kapit

IPD Meradong

IPD Serian

IPD Sri Aman

IPD Betong

IPD Jalam Kubu Mukah

IPD Kuching

IPD Miri

IPD Sibu

IPD Tatau

IPD Bintulu

IPD Jalan Repok

IPD Lawas

IPD MUkah

IPD Simunjan

IPD Dalat

IPD Julau

IPD Limbang

IPD Saratok

Sabah IPD Beaufort

IPD Kota KInabalu

IPD Penampang

IPD Tawau

IPD Beluran

IPD Kota Marudu

IPD Ranau

IPD Tenm

IPD Keningau

IPD Kudat

IPD Sandakan

IPD Tuaran

IPD Kinabatangan

IPD Lahad Datu

IPD Semporna


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IPD Wilayah

Persekutuan Labuan

IPD Kota Belud

IPD Papar

IPD Sipitang

2.2.4 Police Station (Balai Polis)

Similar with the district police headquarter, the police station is function to monitor and

controlling the neighborhood but in small scale of areas. For an example, we can find a police

station at the town. Some of the police station will be equipped with the Investigation

departments in order to do their own investigation on the cases but it is not complete in term

of facilities compared to the district police headquarters. Any cases must be reported to the

nearest police station and any further investigation about the cases will be conducted by the

officers from the district police headquarters.

2.2.5 Police Booth ( Pondok Polis)

Police booth is a small hut/ temporary structure/moving van that function to control and

monitoring the small scale of area and to ensure people can easily make police report for any

case happen on the site.


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Figure 6 Relation among police building

The above diagram and explanation is the summary of the relationship among the

level/hierarchy of the organization for royal Malaysia police.


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2.3 POLICE HISTORY

From the interview with one of the officer in charge at Malaysia Royale Police

Museum, En Abd Latif bin Yahya, he said that Malaysian Police department is actually

evolves from the three different eras as simplified as below:

Flows of the police era

2.3.1 MALACCA SULTANATE ERA

In detail the police enforcements are combined with the military duties where it is not just

preserving the right of Malayan but at the same time control the safety and security of

Malayan.

This organization is lead by the sultan which is the center of the control system and of course

with the absolute power. The functions of sultan for the organization are described as:

i. A judge for any crime

ii. Head of religion

iii. Supreme commander for organization (armed forces)

iv. Law executer

From the Sejarah melayu, page 142-143. It stated that there is several positions in the

Sultanate organization that serve to control the safety, security such as explained below:

2.3.1.1 Bendahara

Act as the Advisory council for Sultan, Chief Administrator and shall act as Chief of War.

Tun Perak, the honorable title of King Bendahara has led the armed forces for the battle of

Malacca.

MALACCA SULTANATE ERA COLONIAL ERA MODERN ERA


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2.3.1.2 Temenggung

This position is actually the actual position where police evolves as what we seen police

today. As cited by in the Law Digest written by Abd Ghaffur Muhaiyud-Din-Shah Pahang

Sultan (1592-1614), He stated that the responsibilities of Temenggung are:

i. To arrest criminals, build prisons and carrying out punishments.

ii. Take the responsibility of safety and security throughout the country,

including the palace.

iii. To protect the port, solve problems of crime, markets, street, town, weights

and measures.

iv. Required to monitor the prison inspection, be fair, looking for followers of the

trust and consult with colleagues.

2.3.1.3 Other position that related to safety and security

Abd Ghaffur Muhaiyud-Din-Shah Pahang Sultan (1592-1614) stated that the other

position that control the safety and security at that time is the Penghulu kampong which

responsible to control their area (village) only. They became the representative for sultan in

controlling and monitoring the safety and security. The main task of this team is to collect

taxes, enforce laws and protect the village care.

2.3.2 COLONIAL ERA (PORTUGUESE AND DUTCH)

According to Tom Pires, the writer for Suma Oriental book, as cited in Sejarah Melayu,

the Portuguese use the „Kapitan‟ system to control the Malacca and the task of police are

controlled by the Portuguese soldier. Under this type of system, the police organizations is

simplified by separating the police to tribe level and it will be monitored by the head of tribe

that act as the police which control on his own territory only.

On January 14, 1641, the Portuguese in Malacca Empire ended with the conquest of

the Dutch with the help of soldiers in Johor. They maintaining the „Kapitan‟ system but made

some addition to the police organization by adding the police team called Burgher Guard.


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The Burgher Guard is actually the new team established and teamed by the Dutch

who lived in Malacca. All of the subordinate and lower officers are the local. At that time, the

local village leader (penghulu) acts as the representative for police organization. The system

is further weakening the sovereignty of Malay Ruler.

On 11 august 1786, Francis Light, British officer landed at Pulau Pinang and named it

as Prince of Wales. After 3years, he decided to establish the new police system at Pulau

Pinang because of the amount of residence was increased. The East Indian refuses to accept

his proposal and lastly award him as Superintendent Officer and force him to monitor Pulau

Pinang by himself. Then he made the Sipahi soldier as his subordinate but it creates another

problem since the soldiers do not have good attitude and discipline.

After several incidents and proposals, he decided to create a new position in police

organization which was name as „captain „where it have been rewarded by Francis Light to

the leader of each races available in Pulau Pinang at that time such as Melayu, Chinese, India

and so on.

So, they will be acted as the small magistrate and if there will be big cases, the accused

person will be bring to the Superintendent Officer. Each of the captains will have at least five

different districts to be governed and controlled and they will be assisted by person called

„Peon‟ which was the first position like Constable as the current police organization. It is

stated that this is the first position that apply constable in Malaysian police history.

Responsibilities of police at that time are as listed below:

i. Protecting the safety and security and ensure the peaceful

ii. Administration task such as controlling the water supplies to the public and

registration of the new babies and so on

iii. Fire fighters

iv. Prisons work

The problem of the system is they cannot do anything to the Dutch and accuse them for any

cases related to them. Francis Light then proposed to the East Indian Council to make police

as the official and statutory organization but again was rejected by the council and the

proposal is not granted until he died.


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He was replaced by Major Forbes Ross McDonald and still there are no improvement

on the police organization system until Colonel Arthur Wellesley came to Pulau Pinang and

made revision on the safety and security of Pulau Pinang and lastly made the decision to

reorganize the system.

On 25 march 1807, they awarded with CARTER ( Piagam) which gives the right for

Pulau Pinang to establish the actual Magistrate Court and the Police department. This charter

is called the „Charter of Justice‟.

Some of the effects of Charter of Justice at Penang are stated below:

i. All Dutch can be accused accordingly to their wrong

ii. Local citizen now able to join police organization

iii. All the officers will be paid for the job

The system is structured and organized system to emulate the British police, made by Sir

Robert Peel in 1829.

The new positions were created such as High Sheriff and Deputy Sheriff and have been

assigned to keep peace in Penang. Local residents are taken and served as a Petty Constables

and be given a salary. Those Westerners who served as High Constables counted as

community service and not given a salary.

The organization was expanded to the Straits Settlements and other states in Malaya. At the

time, police organizations are limited to their respective states. Only after World War II, a

single police organization with central administration of the first established and known as

"Civil Affairs Police Force (CAPF). This organization was established in Malaya to

undertake policing duties with HB lead Long worthy. The British police had to strengthen the

organization through the anarchy after the country during the Japanese rule. Among the

problems that are prevalent during the communist insurgency.

The concept of "Sedia Berkhidmat" was introduced by the Malayan Police Commissioner Sir

Arthur E. Young at December 15, 1952. As stated in his instruction, the Police

Commissioner. 36, in 1952: "Operation Service", A. E. Young asserted against the public

policy approach and to create understanding on both sides. He also hoped that the concept of

"Sedia Berkhidmat", will reduce the negative outlook to the team scraped and otherwise

respected.


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2.4 ROYAL MALAYSIA POLICE (RMP) DEPARTMENT AND DIVISION

(CURRENT POLICE MANAGEMENT)

There are eight (8) major departments introduced in police organization in order to

ensure the workability of the organization. It is important to know the basic function of the

division that practiced by the police organization because the district police headquarters also

using the same division for their organization but in a small scale. Those major divisions are

as shown in graphic below:

Figure 7 : List of departments available in police organization

(Source: royal Malaysia Police)

ADMINISTRATION DIVISION

SPECIAL BRANCH

CRIME INVESTIGATION DIVISION

KDN/KA DIVISION

COMERCIAL CRIME INVESTIGATION

DIVISION

NARCOTIC CRIME INVESTIGATION

DIVISION

LOGISTIC

JABATAN PASUKAN PETUGAS KHAS

(OPERASI / COUNTER TERRORISM)


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2.4.1 Detail of the Division provided in police organization

Below is detail of each of the divisions available in the police organization.

2.4.1.1 Administration Division ( Bahagian Pentadbiran)

i. Training- to administer the activities related to the human resource,

skills development and so on

ii. Management- includes general administration process, BAKA (

bahagian agama dan kaunseling), PERKEP, and so on.

iii. Services- includes new recruitment, promotion,transfer and retirement

process.

2.4.1.2 Special Branch Division ( Cawangan Khas)

i. Special Branch is responsible for collecting and processing security

intelligence to maintain law and order and maintaining peace andsecuri

ty of Malaysia.

ii. Most of the cases related to the politic, races, and any sensitive cases in

Malaysia will be handled by the special branch unit.

2.4.1.3 Jabatan Keselamatan Dalam negeri dan Ketenteraman Awam ( KDN/KA)

i. Planning, controlling and coordinating search and rescue operation

ii. In cooperation with the Tentera DiRaja Malaysia

and other government agencies on national security.

iii. Departments under the divisions:

1) Pasukan Gerakan AM (PGA)

2) Pasukan Gerakan Khas (PGK)

3) Pasukan Gerakan Marin (PGM)

4) Pasukan Simpanan Persekutuan (PSP)

5) Unit Udara

6) Trafik


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2.4.1.4 Commercial Crime Investigation Division

i. CCID is the primary function

of investigation, arrest, and prosecutewhite collar

criminals who committed the offense of fraud, criminal breach of trust,

forgery, cyber crime and many other activities aredone either by an

individual or a syndicate

ii. There are 11 division under CCID division which stated below :

1) Money Laundering Investigation

2) Forensic Accounting Investigation.

3) Financial Investigations.

4) Corporate Investigations.

5) Other fraud investigations

6) Cyber Crime Investigation & Multimedia.

7) Operations / Technical Support.

8) Administration / International Cooperation.

9) Research / Intelligence.

10) Inspectorate.

11) Legal.

2.4.1.5 Narcotic Crime Investigation Division

i. Enforce the law and drug abuse

ii. Keep records and statistics related to trafficking and drug

relatedmatters

iii. Implement any programs related to substance abuse prevention


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2.4.1.6 Logistic Division

i. Controlling the operating budget and the development of RMP

ii. Plan, manage, operate and maintain all aspects of communications,

information technology, transportation and weaponry

iii. Manage projects and maintain buildings and property

iv. Manage the procurement and supply of general equipment

v. Manage assets of RMP.

2.4.1.7 Jabatan Pasukan Petugas Khas ( Operasi/Counter Terrorism)

i. To carry out the intelligence, stopping the activities related to the

violence, crime activities and so on.


26

2.5 POLICE RANK

Generally, the Royal Malaysia Police organization use specific raking system in their

organization. It divided into two major raking systems as shown below:

Figure 8 : general police ranking

(Source: Royal Malaysia Police)

Table 3 : detail of the Royal Malaysia Police rank

(Source: royal Malaysia Police)

SENIOR POLICE OFFICERS

(PEGAWAI KANAN POLIS)

JUNIOR POLICE OFFICER

(PEGAWAI RENDAH POLIS)

Inspektor General Polis (IG)

Deputi Inspektor General Polis (DIG)

Komissioner Polis (CP)

Deputi Komisioner Polis (DCP)

Senior Asisten Komisioner Polis (SAC)

Asisten Komisioner Polis (ACP)

Superintendan Polis (SUPT.)

Deputi Superintendan Polis (DSP)

Asistan Superintendan Polis (ASP)

Sub-Inspektor (SI)

Sarjan Mejar (SM)

Sarjan (SJN)

Koperal (KPL)

Lans Koperal (L/KPL)

Konstabel (KONST)

police ranking

Senior Police Officers

(pegawai kanan polis)

junior police officer

(pegawai rendah polis)


27

Cif Inspektor (C/INSP)

Inspektor (INSP)

Inspektor Percubaan (P/I)

The above study is important in order to know the level and function of each rank

in the police organization because each rank will have their own space and level in the

building and the name of the spaces will be assigned according to the police rank.

The other important ranking system that applied in the police organization is about their

division which ranking from the D1-D10. Those codes are explained below:

Table 4: coding for police officers

(Source: Royal Malaysia Police)

CODE DEFINITION

D1 (perancangan strategik)

D2 (pusat pendaftaran penjenayah malaysia & singapura)

D3 (naziran)

D4 (risikan jenayah)

D5 (pendakwaan / undang-undang)

D6 (bantuan teknik)

D7 (kongsi gelap, judi & maksiat)

D8 (operasi khas)

D9 (siasatan khas)

D10 (forensik)

D11 (siasatan seksual / kanak-kanak)


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2.6 DISTRICT POLICE HEADQUARTERS

As mentioned before in the diagram of building relation for police organization,

the district police headquarters is one of the elements in police organization that control and

monitor the safety and security in district level. This literature on the district police

headquarters will explain in detail several parts as stated below:

i. Departments/division in district police headquarters

ii. EPU guideline on district police headquarters

a) Building components /elements

b) Size of the site

iii. Flow of report /Standard operation procedure(SOP)

iv. Architecture style of district police headquarters

2.6.1 Division in District Police Headquarters

In general, the departments of district police headquarters is similar with the

general police organization which explained above but in a small scale and cater for the

district level only meanwhile the departments mentioned above are for the overall

management of the police.

From the interview with the chief Inspector (C/INSP) Mohd Hilmi Bin Zakaria, he

stated that the provision of the departments are depending on the statistic and may be vary

according to the location of the district police headquarters itself. Most of the district police

headquarters will apply the same formula in providing the departments which consider as

standard required departments for any new district police building that will be designed.

Those departments are as showed below:


29

Table 5: Typical provision of division for district police headquarters

(Source: chief Inspector (C/INSP) Mohd Hilmi Bin Zakaria)

STANDARD DIVISION AVAILABLE OTHER DIVISION

bahagian pengurusan bahagian jenayah siber

bahagian pentadbiran jabatan ketenteraman awam

bahagian logistik

bahagian siasatan jenayah

bahagian jabatan siasatan jenayah komersil

bahagian siasatan jenayah narkotik

bahagian cawangan khas

bahagian komunikasi

bahagian gerakan

risikan

kongsi gelap

bahagian mahkamah

bantuan teknik foto

cawangan trafik

balai polis jenis bandar

mpv

pengiring


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2.6.2 EPU Guideline on District Police Headquarters

Base on the EPU guidline (Garis Panduan dan perancangan bangunan oleh

jawatankuasa standad dan kos unit perancang ekonomi,Jabatan Perdana menteri) bahagian

keselamatan (D) , stated that there are several types of building that consider as the safety and

security building as listed below :

i. Polis Diraja Malaysia

ii. Angkatan Tentera Malaysia

iii. Jabatan Penjara

iv. Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat

In general, most of the building that includes in safety and security building as above are

designed in complexes whereby all of the buildings are comprised from the six categories

which explained in graph below:

Figure 9: categories of building elements in district police headquarters

(Source: EPU Guideline)

EPU guideline stated that each of the developments may be vary in term of the

size, provision of the facilities and others depending on the type of the project, need and also

the location. The size of the district police headquarters may be vary depending on the

location but the minimum size of each project may not be less than 4-6 hectares (equivalent

to 10-15 acres) and must be designed to suit the number of 520 officers.

administration building

residential building

recreational building

religious building

supporting building

workshop and vehicle


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The diagram below shows the components of the administration building as explained in the

EPU guideline.

Figure 10 :major component in district police headquarters

From the above diagram, it shows the major components for a district police headquarters

administration building are actually the combination of those elements. Those five elements

are compulsory to be attached and designed to be next to each others.

Meanwhile the above figure is a part of the district police headquarters but can be either

attached to the main building or can be located separately from the main building depending

on the function and flow of the design.

Figure 12 :technical component for district police headquarters

The vehicle /workshop elements are supposed to be apart from the building but it depends on

design itself. It contains the facilities to facilitate vehicle related activities since police have

their own vehicle for each of the division.

administration building

police station internal departments

services lockup armoury cafeteria

workshop and vehicle

workshop MPVvehicle

departmentgarage

carwash area

separate building

exhibit material

pound traffic

Figure 11 : separate building


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Figure 13 : supporting component for district police headquarters

The other supporting elements such as suction/pump house and others are compulsory to

ensure the workability of the district police headquarters. Those elements can be considered

as services for the building. The magazine house (bunker) is part of the police administration

building but designed to be separated from the main building.

Figure 14 : residential components

The residential area is the facilities provided by the government for the police officers.

Normally it will be located at the back or the nearest place to the administration building to

make officers easily go to the working area. The residential will not be included in the design

as it is the limitation of the research.

Figure 15 : community building components

The community building are the bilding that can be used by the residence ( police

officers) and the community. Normally it includes the multipurpose hall,kindergartern and

others

magazine house (bunker)

pmp stationsuction/pump

housepost guard

refuse chamber

residential/religious

quarters office mess musolla

community building

multipurpose hall

kindergarten perkep


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Perkep office for police officers. Some of the police headquarters will provide football fields

as a tool to communicate with the residential around the police district headquarters.

2.6.3 Flow of Report/ Standard Operation Procedure (SOP) for District police

Headquarters

According to the interview with the the chief Inspector (C/INSP) Mohd Hilmi Bin

Zakaria, he stated that there are several typical cases that will be entertained by the district

police headquarters. Those cases are divided into two different groups which reflect the

function of the department provided at the police headquarters. The first group of cases is

classified as general police report and the second one is classified as accident report. These

two major groups will have its own flow pattern for the case report and investigation process.

The processes are describes in detail flow chart below:

Figure 16: type of report flow

The report flow may be differing depending on the type /scenario of each case. But the

most important thing to know is about the space required to do the activities. Those

highlighted dotted column are the most important activities in the report flow and the spaces

that relate to the process are explained below:

flow of police report

general reportaccicent

(traffic report)

FIRST

INFORMATION

REPORT (FIR)

(FIR

RELEASE OF

INVESTIGATION

PAPER (IP)

FURTHER

COLLECTION OF

EVIDENCES

REPORT COUNTER

INVESTIGATION ROOM

INVESTIGATION

ROOM (INSIDE

DEPARTMENTS)


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Figure 17 : general report flow

GENERAL REPORT

CRIME CASE

report written by officers or by public

refers investigation officers

interview/investigation by investigation officers

case will be classified ( case can/cannot be

arrested)

(arrested case) go to crime scene

voice recording on the case

further investigation result will be announced

within 14days.

CIVIL CASE (REFER COURT)


refers to investigation officers/ police chief

officers

interview/investigation by investigation

officers/police chief officer

refer to courts ( 41A form will be released)

OTHER CASES ( lost-robbery)


report copy will be given upon request.

FIRST INFORMATION

REPORT (REPORT COUNTER)

INVESTIGATION PAPER WILL BE RELEASED FOR CASE

THAT NEED FU RTHER INVESTIGATION (INVESTIGATION AREA 1)

COLLECTION OF THE EVIDENCES- MAY NEED FURTHER INTERVIEW

(INVESTIGATION AREA 2)


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Figure 18 : general traffic report flow

TRAFFIC REPORT

FATAL CRASH REPORT

RECEIVE INFORMATION


investigation on the scene by the

investigation officers

send victim to hospital for

postmorterm

voice recording on the case and further

investigation if needed

announce the investigation finding

CRASH REPORT

RECEIVE INFORMATION


investigation on the scene by the

investigation officers

if guilty( summon will be released.if not

( advise cclients to refer to insurans)

FIRST INFORMATION

REPORT (REPORT COUNTER/PHONE)

ON THE FIELD

COLLECTION OF THE EVIDENCES- MAY NEED FURTHER INTERVIEW

(INVESTIGATION AREA 2)


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2.6.4 Architectural Style of District Police Headquarters

Figure 19 : The architectural style of District Police Headquarters throughout the years

The above figure show the overall development of the image/ architectural style of the

police stations which start from the police station in colonial era and continue to the late 90‟s

and until the current image of district police headquarters.

It started with the colonial building because of Malaysia ( tanah melayu) are being colonized

by British at that time and most of the technology in constructing the building were from their

country .

For an example, Balai Polis Jalan Pitt which constructed on year 1880 has clean

façade and using colonial architecture languages such as parapet wall, exposed brick and the

arches entrance. Those elements are the most familiar in the building at that era.

By years, the police building started to adapt the indigenous architecture elements

such as roofing and other elements to suit with the Malaysian climate. The processes of the

adaptation can be seen in the police building such as balai polis hospital besar kuala Lumpur

and other police building. Then, on the late 90‟s, the roots of Modern style derived from

Bauhaus, Germany focusing on pure form, neglecting ornamentation which is apparent in the

Colonial architecture. The district police headquarters are now still using the modern façade

with fewer details but a bit outdated compared to the international police headquarters.


37

The example of the international district police headquarters such Bendigo Police

station as shown above is the best example to show the modern façade for futures which

emphasizing on the material such as cladding, glasses and the steel structure to show the

strong and durability of the police headquarters thus reflecting the police organization.

The other good example of the new police image on the international level is dubai

police headquarters. The façade is using the same formula with the Bendigo Police

headquarters but it shows the strong form to emphasis the power of police headquarters.

In summary, there are big differences in the façade of the international police

headquarters compared to the local. The changes in the façade will shows great differences in

the image of the organization, the suitability on the current need in the sustainability design

through façade and other important things.

2.7 Summary

The chapter has defined the basic knowledge and background of the Police

organization in general and specifically the whole process and division of the district police

headquarters including the façade of the building. It can be summarize that police

headquarters need specific and specific flows as their basic routine to do their work not like

other organization. In other words, the study may lead to the hypothesis of the problem that

can be found in the district police headquarters. The next chapter which is precedent studies

and case studies will elaborate more on the problem found in the district police headquarters.


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CHAPTER 3

CASE STUDIES AND PRECEDENTS STUDIES

3.0 INTRODUCTION

This chapter consists of three precedent studies and two case studies related topic to

the research topic. All the case studies and precedent studies will be the basic guideline to

design the Pendang District Police Headquarters.

3.1 IDEAS

The case study and precedent study is function to explain about the existing district

police headquarters that built in Malaysia. It includes study on the zoning, building program,

master planning, image and other criteria. All of the case studies are selected base on the need

of the study. It includes the local and international case and precedents study where it

function to compare both the effectiveness and workability between local and international

district police headquarters on selected criteria.

The local case studies are selected base on the location, built time, and the facilities

provided. Meanwhile the international precedents studies is selected by the building program,

facilities provided, image and also the technology used. The comparison between both local

case study and those international precedence studies will gives the researcher complete data

to do the design and also to reconfigure the system, function and planning for the proposed

district police headquarters.

3.2 PRECEDENT STUDIES

The precedence studies in specific if function to give the possibilities to the researcher

to make a comparison on the building program, building technology, services and also the

level of building image. There are three different international designs to be compared and

one local building to be studied as precedence study. Those building are shown in the table

below:


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Table 6 : list of precedent studies

Bendigo Police Headquarters

Australia

One Police Plaza,

New York Police department

United State

Ontario Provincial Police headquarters

Orilla,

Ontario


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3.2.1 Bendigo Police Headquarters, Australia

Figure 20: Bendigo police headquarters

3.2.1.1 General information of the building

This new Bendigo Police station is located at the eastern side of Bendigo,Melbourne.

The site is on the main road into the city, set among caryards, food outlets and barbecue sales

rooms, but with little of the historical context normally associated with Bendigo

The new facility (the largest stand-alone police station in Victoria) accommodates an

amalgamation of operational police groups historically dispersed throughout Bendigo from

four different locations; the master plan is primarily defined by the particular operational

requirements of these police users. The building provides high quality muster areas and

offices for the various police divisions, associated ancillary spaces, prisoner holding and

interview rooms and a clearly defined, accessible public entry foyer. A large internal

common atrium provides floor plan relief and natural light while assisting with orientation for

building users. The atrium is also a meeting place for casual operational exchange or an

„indoor cricket pitch‟.

3.2.1.2 Building Image and technology strategies


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Figure 21: glass facade as building attraction

The corner building powerfully addresses the two primary street elevations (north and west)

with the most prominent feature of the building being the visually distinguished, inclined

glass „double façades‟. The steel-framed, sculptural, glass double façades are an

environmental device designed to reduce energy consumption by seasonally shading the

western and northern inner façades of the building to create a controllable thermal buffer

zone where windows can be opened to access cleaner, cooler or warmer air (depending on the

season) without the potential traffic noise and security issues. This zone is also planted with

climbers supported on vertical wires to create a terrarium effect within the depth of the

façade. Relief air is supplied from the main atrium via the office spaces or from low-level

vents in the facade. These „double façades‟ support the dichotomy of a modern police force

requiring 24-hour operational security and street surveillance while simultaneously

presenting an accessible and transparent public image.

The building is highly automated and integrated with manual overrides, for example when

windows are open the air-conditioning system shuts down and other building components

respond accordingly. Automated windows, lighting controls, blinds, ceiling fans, façade

venting and other mechanical systems are all controlled by the building management systems.

Rainwater is collected for landscape irrigation and car washing. The building is

predominantly a lightweight construction of steel, glass and prefinished cement sheet with

precast concrete panels forming approximately 50 percent of the façade.


42

Figure 22 : Strong characteristic injected into the building design to gives personality

As stated by the architect of Bendigo Police Station, Fooks Martin Sandow Anson Architects

(FMSA), the firm invested the Bendigo Police Station with something often lacking in the

contemporary institutional building – personality.


43

Figure 23 : double glass system on building

The glass double façade allows for the expression of a strong formal language, but also acts

as a thermal buffer zone, providing seasonal shading and improving natural ventilation and

passive climate control.

Figure 24 : precast concrete panel

Precast concrete panels form approximately 50 percent of the façade. On a more direct level,

architects FMSA have integrated several ESD systems into the building which is the double

skin system.


44

FMSA also mention that the giant glazed raking form of the front façade – transparent,

formally expressive – lends the building a presence quite distinct from that of the “bunker”

typology commonly associated with law enforcement buildings.

3.2.1.3 Interior design

Table 7 : Interior design for Bendigo police station

(Source: Fooks Martin Sandow Anson Architects (FMSA))

While the building is decidedly individual in character, the

blue and white check tiling on the front entrance portico

ensures there can be no confusion as to its function.


45

Precast concrete walls contribute to a reading of the atrium

as more “street “than corridor.

Flooded with natural light, the large internal atrium

provides a casual meeting point, excellent vertical and

linear circulation, and assists with building

Orientation.

Expanding and contracting perspectivally, the yellow

perforated panels running the length of the atrium

make for a dynamic embellishment.


46

3.2.1.4 Design response to nature

Table 8 : double skin effect toward differences effect of seasonal

(Source: Fooks Martin Sandow Anson Architects (FMSA))

Autumn Summer Winter

Figure 25 : sectional building shows the stack effect of the building

The above table and figure shows the function of the double skin façade toward the different

condition of the season to the building and how it controlling the temperature of the building.


47

3.2.2 ONE POLICE PLAZA, NEW YORK POLICE DEPARTMENT,UNITED

STATE

Figure 26: one police plaza, NYPD, united state


The general idea of the study on the building is about the building program and flows for the

public. The architect, for the building is Gwzen & Partners and the building was constructed

at 1973. Somehow after the incident 9/11, the building was totally changed and the public

security is increased. The development of the design throughout the years is mainly focusing

on the level of security and also the flows of the public.

3.2.2.2 Building safety and security strategies

Figure 27 : zoning strategies for NYPD

(Source: Hardcore architecture studio 2009/2010)


48

As stated by the Architects Gwzen & Partners in Hardcore Architecture Studio, they said

that:

The only thing about their public design was it was still contained mainly on the

exterior of the building. The plaza is lined with honey locust trees and fitted with

benches, a large sculpture executed in weathering

steel.. .and a variety of small pedestrian amenities that encourage strollers to pause,

lovers to daily, city brown-baggers to linger over sandwiches and apples. The exterior

landscape of the building was to welcome the public and feel at ease. The plaza area

became the first area of intersection between the police and the public. The architects

design the bottom two floors of the building as low lying volumes that project out into

the city that supported the 10 floor cube of office spaces above it. The bottom level

below the plaza floor houses a large public parking garage (478) cars, pistol range,

detention cells, equipment stores and a host of specialized police spaces. The plaza

level includes the main lobby, the Department of Licenses, press and public spaces

along with a large assembly hall that is used for both the public and the police. The

offices are strictly use by the police. The office floors are open space that can adapt to

emergencies where they can turn the open space into a large emergency operation

station. This building plays with scale and program. As soon as you enter into the

building you enter a double height space that is open to above. This allows the public

eye to penetrate as deep as it can access into the building. The openness invites the

public to spaces it knows are accessible. The police areas in this building tend to be

single story spaces where the public eye cannot reach and the visually connection

between spaces isn‟t as crucial for the program use.


49

Figure 28 : showing the crucial and non crucial spaces that serve for public and police


They also mentioned that since 9/11 One Police Plaza has gone through some strict and

strategic plans to improve the security of the building. By doing so there has been a public

uproar about the building. The public is now hardly allowed into the building. Rather than the

building acting on a social level such as the civic center it was designed to be it deters the

public away. The interior public boundaries have now been pushed outside of the building.

The public now needs to be granted permission to enter the building.


50

Figure 29 : shows the usage of landscape design to form a barrier and as an approach to a better security

The above figures show how the designer use landscape design to stop vehicular and public

movement and also act as the barrier for counter terrorism purposes.

They also stated that there is only one public entrance to the building now and the parking

garage is not public. Along with the interior public space, the exterior plaza is now an area of

uneasiness. The is because there are now numerous vehicular barriers surround the building

that extend security of the building far into the urban fabric of Manhattan and the above

solution by using landscape is one of the best option to handle the problem.


51

3.2.3 ONTARIO PROVINCIAL POLICE HEADQUARTERS

Figure 30 : Ontario Provincial Police Headquarters front façade



The precedent study on this building will elaborate more on the international will elaborate

on the building planning in tackling the safety and security issue. In general, the Ontario

Vinicial Police Headquarters is a large 5720,000 square foot complex. While it‟s the

headquarters for the police it is also a very public building. The interesting layout of the

building allows for the public and private to interact on many levels.


52

3.2.3.2 Building safety and security strategies

Figure 31 : the main zoning strategies for the Police building


The above figure shows the hierarchies of the zoning start from the public up until the

private zoning. It can be seen that the percentage of the public if very minimum compared to

the private zone and it located at the front area of the building. The blue colour shows the


53

area of the public which shows the control area for the public. The private and public area is

meant for the spaces that need interaction between the police and the public. Meanwhile the

yellow colour is strictly meant for the police activities and no public entry is allowed.

By having this kind of division, the safety and security for the building will be increased and

will not disturbing the flows of the police circulation afterward.

Figure 32 : showing the public area



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3.2.3.3 Interior study

Figure 33 : scale for public in interior design


The scale of the building plays a huge rile in the relationship between the

public and private spaces of a building. The architects pay close attention to the

relationship between the scales of the public with the scale of private. The public is

defined by two storey height that anchors the public within the building

Figure 34 :pathway for the public

There are no large physical walls that deflect the public view of the private. The figure shows the relationship of the private spaces with the public spaces on the ground floor.


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3.3 CASE STUDIES

As explained on the introduction, the selections of case studies are base on the location, built

time and also the facilities provided. In detail, those criteria are chose to analyze several

aspects as listed below:

i. Provision of the division/department

The provisions of division/departments are varies depending on the location and

built time. By selecting different location and built time, the researcher can detect

the required department for a district police headquarters and predict the future

departments that must be provided for the building.

ii. Zoning (master planning and vertical zoning)

The study on the zoning and analyzing the comparison between the old and new

planning will help the researcher to redesign the new and better planning for the

proposed building.

1) Vertical zoning

The vertical zoning functions to analyze the zoning and

circulation for the public and the crucial circulation (procedure)

for the police. This study is also function to identify the crucial

departments (space that required high security), its location and

zoning. Thus it will help the researcher to develop new design

for zoning and circulation that will benefit the public and also

police organization.

2) Master planning

Master planning study will help the researcher in identifying

the crucial buildings component (district police headquarters

components) that need high security /surveillance and the

current practice /location that been designed for police

headquarters nowadays. The master planning study will affect

on the building form, location and also the building program.


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iii. Building image and technology

The study on the building image and the available technology that practiced in

Malaysian district police headquarters will help researcher set a standard and compare

between local district police headquarters and the international. By this comparison,

the technology and building image can be improved up to the international standard.

The building image and technology is important because it reflect the police

organization.

To put it briefly, the case study on local district police headquarters will only focus on three

different aspects as explained above which are the provision of the departments/division,

the zoning for vertical and master planning and lastly the building image and

technology. The problem of those criteria will be analyzed and improved in the proposed

building.

The district police headquarters that chose to be the case studies are as shown below:

Table 9 : list of case studies

IPD GOMBAK ( GOMBAK

DISTRICT POLICE

HEADQUARTERS )

IPD KUALA MUDA ( KUALA

MUDA DISTRICT POLICE

HEADQUARTERS)


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3.3.1 CASE STUDY 1 : GOMBAK DISTRICT POLICE HEADQUARTERS

Gombak district police headquarters is located at Bukit Idaman Selayang, the building is one

of the 15 (fifteen) district police headquarters building available in state of Selangor.

The function of district

police headquarters is to monitor

and controlling the area in

Gombak district which includes

several areas as listed below:

i. Part of Mukim Ampang

ii. Mukim Ulu klang

iii. Part of Mukim Setapak

iv. Part of Mukim Batu

v. Part of Mukim rawang

The facilities and departments provided are function to control and to facilitate the report,

complaint and other issues from the public and to ensure the safety and security at its

surveillance area.

3.3.1.1 Provision of the police division/departments

From the visit done at district police headquarters and from the interview with the Chief

Inspector Mohd Helmi Bin Zakaria, he stated that there are several departments and unit

available in Gombak district police headquarters as listed below:

Table 10 : provision of the division in Gombak district police headquarters

(Source: Gombak District Police Headquarters)

NO DEPARTMENTS/DIVISION

AVAILABLE

1 Balai polis selayang Selayang police station

2 Bahagian ketenteraman awam

3 Bahagian trafik Traffic division

4 Cawangan persenjataan Armoury

Figure 35: front view of Gombak District Police Headquarters


58

5 Cawangan bekalan

6 Cawangan kereta peronda

7 Cawangan pengawal/pengiring Escort MPV

8 Cawangan pengankutan.penyelenggaraan Transport and service

9 Lockup Lockup

10 Bahagian siasatan jenayah daerah

Siasatan jenayah

perdagangan/komersil

Siasatan jenayah seksual

District crime investigation

division

Commercial crime

investigation

Sexual crime

investigation

11 Bahagian narkotik daerah District narcotic division

12 Bahagian logistic daerah Logistic division

13 Pejabat ketua polis/timbalan ketua polis

daerah

OCPD office

14 Bahagian pengurusan Management division

15 Bahagian cawangan khas Special branch division

16 Bahagian gerakan IPD District police headquarters‟

operational division

17 Bahagian komunikasi Communication division

The above table shows the available division/departments inside the Gombak district

police headquarters. The other information that the researcher get from the interview is that

the provision of the division and departments are base on the need of the facilities. The need

is actually depending on the location of the building.

For an example, bahagian ketenteraman awam is one of the departments that only can

be found on the urban area and not in the rural area. This flexibility is one of the finding that

will help researcher in designing the compulsory division/departments and the less necessary

one in the proposed building.


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3.3.1.2 Zoning ( master planning and vertical planning)

The zoning and master planning study on the Gombak District police headquarters is to

recognize the pattern and flow of the traffic and also the location of the components inside

the district police headquarters. The information will let the researcher analyze which area

can be opened to public, semi public and private area for public.

Figure 36 : component in master planning of Gombak District Police Headquarters

In general, Gombak police headquarters are divided into three major building components

which are the administration building, the residential and the supporting building. These three

components are explained below:

Table 11 : list of building components

No Building component Details

1 Administration building

The administration area

where it locates all of the

division and small

components that make

district police headquarters

work in term of the


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investigation and so on

2 Residential

Includes musolla

The place restricted for the

police officers only. A place

for the police officers to stay

and must be close to the

administration building.

Includes musolla to give

priority for muslim officers to

do the daily prayer.

The police residential are

consist of several residential

building for the lowest to the

highest rank of police

officers.

3 Supporting component

Cafeteria

Multipurpose hall

Musolla

The facilities provided to give

easiness to the officers and

public. The facilities meant

for public and can be used

not only for police purposes

but for the community

purposes.

Table 12 : list of flows found in Gombak District Police Headquarters

No Vehicular flow description

1

From the diagram on the

left, it shows that the

planning for district police

headquarters for Gombak is

allowing the police vehicle to

use main entrance which is

also used by the public.

The main area for police


61

vehicle is at the back where

it use to be the garage,

parking area and also the

workshop for police.

The police vehicle such as

black maria will be using the

same entrance as the public

2

The diagram shows the

circulation for public

vehicular access.

It shows that the public use

the same entrance as the

police vehicular acces and

can park at two different

area which is on the top of

the hill which next to the

multipurpose hall and on the

front of t the police

headquarters administration

building.

3

The residential also use the

same entrance with the

police and the public but the

location of the residential

area are located at the end

of the road used by the

police vehicle and the public

so it will not obstructing the

circulation.

But at first, it still using the

same road and may lead to

problems.


62

From the table above, it shows that the main problem is the shared road and entrance

for the three different traffic vehicular circulations where it might lead to the problems below:

a- Public will feel unease with the detainees/ orang kena tahan which will be brought by

using Blackmaria

b- High traffic density which caused by the same entrance.

Figure 37 : zoning of Gombak district Police Headquarters

The above diagram show s the summary of the overall diagram which includes and

focus on the vehicular for Gombak District police headquarters. The public area will only on

the front of the administration building, the parking area and also covers up to the cafeteria

and multipurpose hall.

Meanwhile the other part of the land is considered as the private area and the purple

colour indicated the highly restricted area where it includes building components such as:

a- Lock up building

b- Garage

c- Workshop


63

Those areas are the meant to be highly secured but from the observation, public can

directly access the restricted area.

The pictures below show the areas that are located at the restricted area:

Table 13 : list of restricted area at Gombak District Police Headquarters

NO PICTURES DESCRIPTION

1

Police garage

area

Lockup area


64

Mpv office/

workshop

Police garage

The problem that can be found in this area is there is no boundaries indicate that this is

the private area. Thus it will mislead people from the front building to this area.


65

3.3.1.3 Vertical zoning

Figure 38: vertical planning for Gombak District Police Headquarters

The above diagram shows the vertical planning for the Gombak district police

headquarters. It shows that the building area separate vertically by the floors. From the

hierarchy, it shows that the vertical planning is designed to cater the safety and security

problem.

The main problem of the vertical planning is the public can access the upper floors up

to the 2nd

floor (Pejabat Ketua Polis Daerah) because public need to do the consultation with

the police officers. But technically, the public flow can even up to the upper floors (special

branch, admin, operational and the communication division) which are the most crucial

places and not supposed to be reached by the public.


66

The below diagrams shows the public flows for the Gombak district police

headquarters. For the examples of the flows on the vertical planning, the researcher used

report flow (case related issues) and also the request /permission and license flow. Those

flows are explained in graphic below

Table 14 : flows of report on vertical planning

NO DIAGRAM

1

The above diagram shows the flow for the report which is programmed by the police

for public to follow. It shows that people have no choice but need to go upstairs for the

further investigation or if they need to see any officers in-charge for their cases. This

will reduce the safety and security for the crucial division such as highlighted in

orange colour box. This is because the staircase allows public to go even to the upper

floors up until the communication units. This is the main problem that can be

identified by the researcher.

Floors that need high

security /surveilance


67

2

One of the other example of the flows that need the public to go upstairs is for the

licensing/approval/request for permission flows.

The type of permission of flows are explained in special study chapter ( page :---)

Public that want to ask for permit/license for arm (gun and so on ) need to go to the

upper floor ( second floor) because the licensing officers is located at that floor and

also the OCPD ( officer in charge for that need to approve is located at the 2nd

floors.

3.3.1.4 Building images

From the observation of the building, the researcher found two major problems that makes

building image worse. The first one is about the location of the services such as air-condition

system and the other one is about the building façade that already out dated. Those problems

are shown in the figure below:


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Figure 39 : condenser found on the corridor

Figure 40 : irregular location of the condenser makes building facade ugly

The above figures exactly shows the building (Gombak District police Headquarters) façade

that not representing the police image except the colours (blue). Building services is

commonly known as the reason for bad image of the building.


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3.3.2 CASE STUDY 2 : KUALA MUDA DISTRICT POLICE

HEADQUARTERS,KEDAH DARUL AMAN

Figure 41: front elevation of Kuala Muda District Police Headquarters

Kuala Muda District Police Headquarters is one of the district police headquarters can be

found at State of Kedah. This police headquarters is located at Sungai Petani, one of the

prominent towns in Kedah.

Figure 42: location of the site to the main road

The Kuala Muda District Police headquarters is located next to the main road which is Alor

setar-Sungai Petani road. This location is suitable to give easy access to the public and also

for the police to do their work.


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3.3.2.1 Zoning ( master planning and vertical planning)

The zoning and master planning study on the Kuala Muda District police headquarters is

to recognize the pattern and flow of the traffic and also the location of the components inside

the district police headquarters. The information will let the researcher analyze which area is

suitable to be opened to public, semi public and private area for public for the design soon.

Figure 43: building components of Kuala Muda District Police Headquarters

From the observation and site visit on the Kuala Muda District police headquarters, there

are four different components that can be found which are as listed below:

i. Administration building

ii. Community building: multipurpose hall

iii. Technical: vehicle garage

iv. Residential

These four components are co related to each other and need to be designed to suit others.

From the observation, the building location and orientation is located base on the level of the

zoning. For an example, admin and multipurpose hall is located at the front of the site to give

easy access for the public to do their business. Meanwhile the residential and vehicle garage

is located at the back of the site as for the security reason.


71

Table 15: circulation flow study on the site

The green line shows the flow for

police circulation on the site. The main

entrance will be used by the police

officers to go to their places. There are

two areas that will be used by the

police officers which is the police

garage at the back of the admin

building and also at the admin

building.

The public circulation is also using the

same entrance with the police

circulation. The main area that will be

used by the public is at the police

station, community area and also the

admin building.

The residential (police resident) also

using the same entrance to go to their

house at the back.

The above table shows that the circulation pattern on the district police headquarters are

crossed each others. The traffic congestion might be in high at certain time and considered as

not a good design because it combining the private and public circulation same as Gombak

district Police Headquarters.


72

Figure 44: zoning for Kuala Muda district Police headquarters

From the study on the circulation and building pattern, it can be conclude that the zoning for

the master planning for this district police headquarters is using the pattern that shows in the

figure above. The public zoning is only can be found in the front part of the site, meanwhile

the building such as the multipurpose hall and administration building can be characterize as

the semi private area . The residential area will be considered as the private area because of

the security and because of the privacy factor.

3.3.2.2 Facilities/building

Table 16: building components of Kuala Muda District Police Headquarters

BUILDING DESCRIPTION

PUBLIC

Community hall

Served for the public use and also for police

use. This building located at the front of the site.


73

SEMI PRIVATE

Police station

This building is attached with the main administration building but located at the left

side of the building. The public can easily go to the building because of the location that is

just next to the main road.

Administration building

The administration building is the main building for the District police Headquarters;

it must be located at the place that can easily be served by the public. the Kuala Muda

administration building is located at the front part of the site.

One stop centre

This one stop centre is provided for the police station. It functions to give easiness to

the public to do the report. It located at the front part of the site.

PRIVATE

Police garage This garage is located at the back of the

administration building. It serves to be the place to locate the police vehicle.

It must be designed to be separated from the public.


74

PMP station

The PMP station is function to provide fuel

for the police vehicle. It is located either at the exit route or at the

secluded area.

Case material/exhibit The case material and exhibit building is

located at the back of the main administration building and it is a standalone

building. The location is function to gives the safety and security for the building and

separated from the public.

The building division is located at the back of the main admin building because of the

relationship to the vehicle (garage area). This location will best suit the function of

the cawangan pengangkutan

3.4 SUMMARY

This chapter consists of three precedence studies and two case studies. All of these case and

precedence studies are function to be the guideline for the design of the Pendang district

police headquarters. it can be concluded that the design is focusing on the master planning,

safety and security and also the building image of the district police headquarters. The next

chapter is the project brief for Pendang District Police Headquarters.


75

CHAPTER 4

PROJECT BRIEF

4.0 INTRODUCTION

This chapter will explain about the design brief for the Pendang district Police Headquarters.

it covers the objective, scope of the project, site information, and client‟s information.

4.1 PROJECT BRIEF

The Pendang District Police Headquarter is one of the

Ninth National Plan (RMK-9) whereabouts to be completed in

schedule by end of 2011, an extended project and will be the first

project use IBS (industrialized Building system) at Kedah. This

project is the continuation for the abandoned project for the

Pendang district police headquarters because of the recession time

at late 90‟s. It will act as an experiment and stepping stone to the

new look of police headquarters among all those established. The

design will be emphasis more on the image of the police station

through the eyes of the parties, the police enforcement and also the

public by the new design base on the EPU guideline which concern on ceveral aspect such as

the safety and security issue, future expansion and also the building image and the

sustainability of the building. These particular aspects will help to increase the image and the

popularity of police enforcement which nowadays are not as their standard with bad

reputation. This new implementation of design will be the best approach to make police

department reputation back to their level as stated in their motto “TEGAS ADIL

BERHEMAH”

4.1.1 Project Scope

The project involves the construction of a court complex that achieves the following scope:

i. Can be accommodate by 520 people including officers and public

ii. Design must be using IBS (industrialized building system)

iii. Contain residential, administration, supporting building, religious and also the

community facilities

Figure 45: police Logo

(source: Royal Malaysia

Police)


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4.1.2 Project Site

According to the EPU guideline, The size of the district police headquarters may be vary

depending on the location but the minimum size of each project may not be less than 4-6

hectares (equivalent to 10-15 acres) and must be designed to suit the number of 520 officers.

The chosen site was at the old construction site of Pendang district police headquarters that

have been abandoned due to the recession at late 90‟s.

4.1.3 General Design objective

The proposal of Pendang District Police Headquarter is function in upgrading the

police building especially for district level. There are several objectives that are emphasized

in the design which are:

i. Increasing the safety and security level of police by refining the

hierarchy level of occupancy especially on the administration building

and master planning, improving the location and facilities inside and

outside of the building to ensure the high safety and security level of

district police headquarter.

ii. Sustainability issue which related to the future expansion of police

building (space and department) by providing the exact space design in

master planning.

iii. Enhancing the image of the police through the upgrade of the design

approach toward building façade and space, the upgrade of special area

such as lock-up area and other important building space components.

4.1.4 Master Plan Strategies

Master planning design strategies are intentionally designed to solve the current

master planning problem which is to solve the safety and security issue in master planning

form and also to set the area for the expansion of the building for future. These two criteria

are the main focus and aim in designing the master planning for the Pendang district police

headquarters.

The new development of master planning for the community is divided into three distinctive

areas which are as described below:


77

Figure 46: master plan strategies

The above diagram shows the new formula for the master planning of the Pendang

district police headquarters. The three division of the master planning component which are

the residential, technical, and the community are actually the simplified version of the overall

requirement listed in the EPU guideline. Master planning must take advantage of the site

elements such as trees and the agriculture water runoff into the design. The design must

preserve the natural elements as set to be the buffer for the sound buffer, smoke buffer, and as

buffer for the safety and security.

4.1.5 Building safety and security

The building must be secured in master planning and the vertical planning. The design

is set to be public oriented in term of the building program and on the vertical planning. The

planning for the vertical is shown in the below diagram:

ADMINISTRATION BUILDING

RESIDENTIAL (POLICE

QUARTERS

COMMUNITYTECHNICAL


78

Figure 47: safety and security level for Pendang district police headquarters

The type of group that will be using the police facilities are identified and the spaces

must be designed to suit with all the group characteristic and needs but at the same time

maintaining the safety and security level for the district police headquarters. Those groups

ofusers are identified as below:

Figure 48: Public activities /flows for Pendang District police headquarters

services

second floor : designed for the management and hgh security area like management division, special

branch and other crucial spaces

first floor : designed for the CRIME INVESTIGATION DEPARTMENT and not to be accessed by the public

ground floor :designed to suit with the public circulation and the only floor that can be access by

the public

PUBLIC ACTIVITIES

CASES RELATED

CASE REPORT

PERMISSION REQUEST

INVESTIGATION

DETAINEES VISITING

PUBLIC RELATION(PR)

RELATED

STUDY PURPOSE

AUDIT

MEDIA

LAWYER

CRIMINAL RELATED

ARRESTED

OTHERS

NATURAL DISASTER

COMMUNITY REASON

The whole floor must be designed

To be the one stop centre for the public to

Settle their activities /problem and will

Not be available to access the upper floors.


79

The case related and other related ( natural, community reason) are designed to be

only on the ground floor ( one stop centre ) and the public related (PR) can access the upper

floors but need to provides special spaces for them to do their activities.

The criminal related only can access the ground floors and only can access the upper floor on

certain (special) cases, if happen.

4.1.6 Building Image

For the building image issue, the façade must have to function as a tool to shows the

formality, strong and prominent of the police organization. The colour must be set to blue

colour as it shows the colours of police.

The building must be design to be seen from distance. It is important to gives

direction to the users and important in emergency cases. The users (public) can easily

recognize the police building from far.


80

Figure 49: Royal Malaysia Police

(Source: Google)

4.2 Client: Royal Malaysia Police (RMP)

4.2.1 Vision

A leading enforcement agency of integrity, competent and committed to work with the

community

i. Upgrade professionalism among personnel continuously.

ii. Ensuring the Force will always be trusted, envied and trusted by the

public.

iii. Strike fear among criminals.

4.2.2 Mission

The royal Malaysia police force is committed to serve and protect the nation and to work

in partnership with the community in the maintenance of law and order

i. Practicing the principle of Friendly, Fast and Correct as the force motto in

providing excellent service.

4.2.3 RMP’s Main Policies

The main policy of RMP is as outlined in Section 3(3) of the Police Act (1967), namely,

that the Royal Malaysia Police Force shall be employed for:-

i. The maintenance of law and order

ii. The preservation of the peace and security of the country

iii. The prevention and detection of crime

iv. The apprehension and prosecution of offenders and

v. The collection of security intelligence


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4.2.4 Policies of Royal Malaysia Police

As stated in Section 3 (3) of the Police Act 1967 sets out:

In order to rule the country and the prosperity of society and the integrity of the team, duties

integral member of the Royal Malaysia Police is:

i. Maintaining Law and Order

ii. Maintaining Peace and Security Malaysia

iii. Prevent and Detect Criminals

iv. Arrest and prosecute offenders, and

v. Gather Intelligence Security.

4.2.5 Objective of Royal Malaysia Police (RMP)

i. Reduce the crime rate to the minimum level;

ii. Improving the efficiency and effectiveness of human resource

development services;

iii. Increasing the rate of solving cases and preventing the organized crime;

iv. Reducing the supply of and demand for drugs;

v. Improving the efficiency of financial management and logistics

requirements to ensure optimum success of the Police;

vi. Improving the effectiveness of enforcement, public order and national

security

vii. Improved efficiency and effectiveness of procurement and analysis of

security intelligence to combat the activities that threaten national security

and / or public order.

4.3 Budget

The estimated budget for this district police headquarters is at RM 20.00 million. The cost is

meant for starting of the project until the end of the project.


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4.4 SOA ( schedule of accommodation)

GROUND FLOOR

BAHAGIAN TRAFIK (TRAFFIC DIVISION)

PEJABAT PENTADBIRAN COP ( COP ADMINISTRATION OFFICE)

WAITNG ROOM bilik menunggu 40 1 40

SERGEANT ROOM bilik sarjan 12 1 12

REGISTRATION

COUNTER

kaunter

pendaftaran

24 1 24

COMPUTER COP

ROOM

bilik komputer

cop

24 1 24

COMPUTER

SUPERVISOR ROOM

bilik penyelia

komputer

12 1 12

COMPUTER SERVER

ROOM

bilik server

komputer

12 1 12

ADMIN SERGEANT

ROOM

bilik sarjan

pentadbiran

12 1 12

COP GENERAL OFFICE pejabat

pentadbiran

cop

100 1 100

COMPOUND

PAYMENT ROOM

bilik bayaran

kompaun

21 1 21

REPORT ROOM bilik laporan 20 1 20

TRAFFIC

INVESTIGATION

ROOM

bilik penyiasat

trafik

20 4 80

TOTAL(m²) 357m²)

PEJABAT PENTADBIRAN AM TRAFIK (TRAFFIC GENERAL ADMIN OFFICE)

KTD ROOM bilik ketua

trafik daerah

20 1 20

IP REGISTRATION

OFFICE

pejabat daftar

kertas siasatan

(ip)

12 1 12


83

TRAFFIC

INVESTIGATOR

OFFICER ROOM

bilik pegawai

penyiasat trafik

12 4 48

GENERAL OFFICE pejabat am 100 1 100

FILE ROOM bilik fail 12 1 12

ASST. TRAFFIC

OFFICER ROOM

bilik penolong

pegawai trafik

12 3 36

PEGAWAI PENYIASAT

KANAN TRAFIK

15 1 15

TRAFFIC OPERATION

ROOM

bilik gerakan

trafik

24 1 24

LIBRARY perpustakaan 24 1 24

TOTAL(m²) 291m²)

PEJABAT AM PENGUATKUASAAN TRAFFIK

SM/SERGEANT

OFFICER ROOM

bilik SM

penguatkuasaan

trafik

12 4 48

FILE ROOM BILIK FAIL 12 1 12


TOTAL(m²) 120m²)

PEJABAT AM MPV/PENGAWAL PENGIRING (MPV/ESCORT GENERAL OFFICE)


SM MPV ROOM bilik sm mpv 12 5 50

BRIEFING ROOM bilik taklimat 24 1 24

PA SYSTEM ROOM bilik pa sistem 16 1 16


84

UTILITY ROOM bilik utiliti 12 1 12

SM /SARJAN

PENGIRING

12 2 24


TOTAL(m²) 198m²)

STORE TRANSIT (NAU)

GENERAL ROOM I bilik am 120 1 120

GENERAL STORE II stor am 30 1 30

PEMUNGGAHAN

BARANG

24 1 24

STORE ROOM bilik setor 12 1 12

PEJABAT AM

BEKALAN

24 1 24

BILIK KOPERAL

BEKALAN

15 1 15

UTILITY ROOM 12 1 12

TOTAL(m²) 237(m²)

PERSENJATAAN ( ARMOURY )

Space Description Area per

unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

BILIK SARJAN

PERSENJATAAN

12 1 12



85

WAITING AREA ruang

menunggu

30 1 30

STOR SENJATA BALAI 25 1 25

STOR SENJATA

DAERAH

20 1 20

BENGKEL SENJATA 20 1 20

LSF STORE 12 1 12

STOR SENJATA AWAM 24 1 24

STOR ALAT GANTI 26 1 26

UPB STORE 12 1 12

STORE 12 1 12

WORKSHOP OFFICE 60 1 60

TOTAL(m²) 313

m²)

POLICE STATION ( BALAI POLIS JENIS BANDAR)


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

WAITING AREA ruang

menunggu

60 1 60

REPORT AREA ruang menulis

laporan

21 1 21

RECEPTION COUNTER kaunter

pertanyaan

20 1 20

INVESTIGATOR

OFFICER ROOM

bilik pegawai

penyiasat

20 4 80

TRAUMA ROOM bilik trauma 12 2 24

CONFIDENTIAL

REPORT ROOM

bilik laporan

sulit

15 1 15


86

GUEST ROOM bilik tetamu 12 2 24

TOTAL(m²) 244(m²)

GENERAL OFFICE (POLICE STATION)

KBPD ROOM bilik ketua

balai polis

daerah

20 1 20

MEETING ROOM BILIK

MESYUARAT

24 1 24

POLICE STATION

BRIEFING ROOM

bilik taklimat

balai

32 1 32

POLICE STATION

INFORMATION ROOM

bilik maklumat

balai

48 1 48

TKBPD ROOM bilik timbalan

ketua balai

polis daerah

15 1 15

REPORT COPY ROOM bilik salinan

repot

12 1 12

SARJAN BIT

RONDAAN

12 1 12

GENERAL OFFICE PEJABAT AM 100 1 100

DETECTIVE ROOM BILIK

DETEKTIF

20 1 20

TOTAL(m²) 283(m²)


87

INVESTIGATION/FOLLOW UP


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

WAITING AREA ruang

menunggu

70 1 70

RECEPTION COUNTER 20 1 20

COMMERCIAL

INVESTIGATION

ROOM

20 1 20

DOMESTIC

INVESTIGATION

ROOM

20 2 40

PROPERTIES

INVESTIGATION

ROOM

20 4 80

ARM LICENSE/

PERMIT

20 1 20

OFFICE 100 1 100

FILE ROOM 12 1 12

IP REGISTRATION 12 1 12

STORE 12 1 12

TOTAL(m²) 386(m²)

LOKAP BALAI POLICE ( LOCKUP)


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

OBSERVATION ROOM bilik pemerhati 40 1 40

BILIK PENGECAMAN 50 1 50

WAITING AREA ruang

menunggu

60 1 60

RECEPTION COUNTER 16 1 16


88

LAWYER'S ROOM bilik peguam 12 2 24

VISITING ROOM bilik melawat 20

3 60

INTEROGATION ROOM bilik soal siasat 12 2 24

OBSERVATION ROOM bilik pemerhati 12 1 12

TREATMENT ROOM bilik rawatan 12 2 24

INSPECTION ROOM

(M/F)

bilik

pemeriksaan

(dengan

tandas)

20 2 40

INSPECTION HOLDING 40 1 40

MAIN HOLDING AREA

(M/F)

60 1 60

UPPER FLOOR

HOLDING AREA

40 1 40

SEARGENT ROOM 12 1 12

LOCKER ROOM gerobok 20 1 20

BLACK MARIA ruang black

maria

54 2 108

BILIK PEGAWAI

LOKAP / CCTV

24 1 24

WOMEN LOCKUP 20 2 40

SB LOCK UP lokap

cawangan khas

10 2 20

MEN LOCKUP

lokap lelaki i 20 4 80

MEN LOCKUP lokap lelaki ii 10 6 60

JUVENIL LOCKUP lokap kanak

kanak

20 2 40

EXERCISE AREA ( M) ruang senaman

lelaki

60 1 60


89

EXERCISE AREA (

F/JV)

ruang senaman

wanita /

kanak kanak

30 1 30

EXERCISE AREA ( SB) runag senaman

cawangan khas

30 1 30

SERVICES AREA servis 20 2 40

PRAYING AREA (ALL) ruang

sembahyang

28 4 112

TOTAL(m²) 1166(m²)

NARCOTIC MINI DEPARTMENT


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

NARCOTIC

INSPECTOR

bilik pemerhati 12 1 12

INVESTIGATION

ROOM

15 2 30

URINE TEST ROOM

WITH TOILET

20 1 20

STORE ROOM 12 1 12

GENERAL OFFICE 60 1 60

TOTAL(m²) 134(m²)


90

STOR BARANG KES ( EXIBIT/CASE MATERIAL)


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

DOCUMENT ROOM bilik dokumen 16 1 16

SECURED

BIOLOGY SAMPLE

ROOM

bilik sampel

biology

15 1 15

DRUG SAMPLE ROOM bilik sampel

dadah

16 1 16

EXIBIT AREA ruang perkakas

barang kes

250 1 250

STORE SUPERVISOR

OFFICER

bilik pegawai

penyelia stor

20 1 20

GARAGE (EXIBIT

MATERIAL)

GARAJ

BARANG

KES

70 1 70

TOTAL(m²) 387(m²)

MAGAZINE HOUSE ( BUNKER)


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

DETONATOR ROOM

(ROOM 1)

bilik detonator 10 1 10

SECURED

PYRO TECHNIC ROOM

(ROOM 2)

20 1 20

SMALL ARM

AMMUNITION

( ROOM3)

30 1 30

CORRIDOR 36 1 36

TOTAL(m²) 153(m²)


91

MUSOLLA (FOR 200 JAMAAH)


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

PRAYING HALL(m) ruang

sembahyang

140 1 140

PRAYING HALL ( F) ruang

sembahyang ( w)

140 1 140

PA SYSTEM ROOM bilik pa sistem 12 1 12

IMAM ROOM bilik imam 12 1 12

MIHRAB mihrab 6 1 6

TOILET (M) tandas 8 1 8

TOILET (F) tandas 8 1 8

WUDHU‟ AREA ruang wudhu 12 2 24

RUNAG

MENGURUSKAN

JENAZAH

20 1 20


TOTAL(m²) 385(m²)

KANTIN (CAFETERIA)


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

KITCHEN ruang

memasak

160 1 160 dry and

wet

kitchen

DRY STORAGE stor bahan

kering

12 1 12


92

WET STORAGE stor bahan

basah

12 1 12

WASH AREA 10 1 10

REST AREA bilik rehat 12 1 12

TOILET tandas 8 3 24

COUNTER 20 1 20

EATING AREA ruang makan 300 1 300

TOTAL(m²) 550(m²)

KIOSK/PHOTOSTATE CENTER


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

KIOSK ruang

memasak

16 1 16

PHOTOSTATE

CENTRE

16 1 16

TOTAL(m²) 32(m²)

DRIVE THROUGH COUNTER


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

DRIVE THROUGH 24 1 48

TOTAL(m²) 48(m²)


93

ANCILLARY AREA


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

TOILET /CHANGING

ROOM (MALE )

FOR

OFFICERS

24 3 72

Toilet/changing room

(female

For officers 24 3 72

Toilet public (male ) For visitors 36 1 36

Toilet (female) For visitor 36 1 36

Main lobby Front lobby

(main lobby

for public )

130 1 130

Lobby 2 Left lobby 100 1 100

Lobby 3 Right lobby 100 1 100

Lobby 4 Rear lobby (

main lobby for

police )

100 1 100

TOTAL(m²) 646(m²)

NO DIVISION AREA 1 TRAFFIC DIVISION 357m²) 2 TRANSIT STORE 237(m²) 3 ARMOURY 313m²) 4 POLICE STATION 244(m²) 5 LOCKUP 1166(m²) 6 NARCOTIC MINI DIVISION 134(m²) 7 EXHIBIT/CASE MATERIAL 387(m²) 8 BUNKER 153(m²) 9 MUSOLLA 385(m²) 10 CAFETERIA 550(m²) 11 INVESTIGATION/FOLLOW UP 386(m²) 12 KIOSK /PHOTOCOPY AREA 32(m²) 13 ANCILLARIES 646(m²)

TOTAL 4990(m²)


94

FIRST FLOOR

CRIME INVESTIGATION DEPARTMENT ( BAHAGIAN SIASATAN JENAYAH)


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

KBSJD ROOM ketua bahagian

siasatan jenayah

daerah

20 1 20

WAITING AREA 12 1 12

MEETING ROOM 25 1 25

INTERROGATION

ROOM

bilik soalsiasat 12 1 12

SIASATAN JENAYAH

INVESTIGATOR

OFFICER ROOM

bilik pegawai

penyiasat

15 1 15

ASST.

INVERSTIGATOR

OFFICER ROOM

bilik penolong

pegawai

penyiasat

12 2 36

DETECTIVE ROOM bilik detektif 48 1 48

SEXUAL

INVESTIGATOR

OFFICER ROOM

bilik pegawai

penyiasat

seksual

12 1 12

ASST. SEXUAL

INVESTIGATOR

OFFICER ROOM

bilik penolong

pegawai

penyiasat

seksual

12 1 12

IP REGISTRATION

OFFICE

pejabat daftar

kertas siasatan

(ip)

12 1 12

DETECTIVE

SUPERVISOR OFFICE

pejabat penyelia

detektif

12 1 12

PENTADBIRAN JENAYAH (D1/D2)

SI D1/D2 OFFICERS

ROOM

12 1 12

SEARGENT D1/D2

ROOM

bilik sarjan

d1/d2

12 1 12


95


FILE STORE 12 1 12

SAFE ROOM bilik kebal 12 1 12

TOTAL(m²) 324(m²)

RISIKAN JENAYAH (D4/D10)

SEARGENT D4/D10

ROOM

bilik sarjan

d4/d10

15 1 15

GENERAL OFFICE pejabat am

risikan jenayah

50 1 50

COMPUTER ROOM 15 1 15

FILE ROOM BILIK fail 12 1 12

STORE 12 1 12

TOTAL(m²) 104(m²)

BANTUAN TEKNIK FOTO (D6)

SEARGENT D6 ROOM bilik sarjan D6 12 2 24


FORENSIC LAB makmal forensik 15 1 15

DARK ROOM bilik gelap 12 1 12


TOTAL(m²) 123(m²)


96

KONGSI GELAP (D7)

SEARGENT D7 ROOM bilik sarjan d7 12 1 12



FILE STORE stor fail 12 1 12

TOTAL(m²) 112(m²)

CAWANGAN MAHKAMAH

PROSECUTOR ROOM bilik pegawai

pendakwa

12 2 24

GENERAL OFFICE

pejabat am 60 1 60

CASE

MATERIAL/EXIBIT

STORE

stor barang kes 15 1 15

COMPUTER ROOM bilik komputer 15 1 15

STATIONARY ROOM 9 1 9

TOTAL(m²) 123(m²)

BAHAGIAN SIASATAN JENAYAH KOMERSIL ( COMMERCIAL CRIME

INVESTIGATION DEPARTMENT)

KBSJK ROOM bilik ketua

bahagian

siasatan jenayah

komersil

20 1 20

INVESTIGATOR

OFFICER ROOM

bilik pegawai

penyiasat

12 1 12

SEARGENT BSJK

ROOM

bilik sarjan bsjk 12 2 24


97

GENERAL OFFICE PEJABAT AM 60 1 60

IP REGISTRATION

OFFICE

pejabat daftar

kertas siasatan

(ip)

12 1 12

TOTAL(m²) 128(m²)

BAHAGIAN NARKOTIK (NARCOTIC DEPARTMENT)

KBND ROOM bilik ketua

bahagian

narkotik daerah

20 1 20

SI NARCOTIC ROOM bilik SI narcotik 15 1 15



INVESTIGATION

ROOM

bilik siasatan 12 1 12


URINAL TEST ROOM bilik ujian air

kencing

15 1 15

ASST. INVESTIGATOR

OFFICER ROOM

bilik penolong

pegawai

penyiasat

12 2 24

IP REGISTRATION

OFFICE

pejabat daftar

kertas siasatan

(ip)

12 1 12

MEETING ROOM bilik mesyuarat 24 1 24

TOTAL(m²) 230(m²)


98

GUEST AREA


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

BRIEFING ROOM 30 1 30

CONSULTATION

ROOM

12 2 24

GUEST ROOM 12 1 12

TOTAL(m²) 66(m²)

`


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

TOILET /CHANGING

ROOM (MALE )

FOR

OFFICERS

24 2 48


(female





main lobby for

police )

90 1 90

TOTAL(m²) 366(m²)


99

TOTAL FLOOR AREA

NO DIVISION AREA 1 CRIME INVESTIGATION DIVISION

-CRIME INVESTIGATION UNIT -CRIME MANAGEMENT UNIT

324 m²

2 RISIKAN JENAYAH 104 m² 3 BANTUAN TEKNIK FOTO 123 m² 4 KONGSI GELAP 112 m² 5 COURT BRANCH (CAWANGAN MAHKAMAH) 123 m² 6 COMMERCIAL CRIME INVESTIGATION ( BAHAGIAN

SIASATAN JENAYAH KOMERSIL) 128 m²

7 NARKOTIC DIVISION ( BAHAGIAN NARKOTIK) 230 m² GUEST AREA 66 m² ANCILLARIES AREA 444

TOTAL 1576m²


100

SECOND FLOOR

KPD/TKPD OFFICE


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

KPD ROOM ketua polis

daerah

28 1 28

PA KPD ROOM 12 1 12

TOILET (KPD) 12 1 12

KPD MEETING ROOM 24 1 24


TKPD ROOM timbalan ketua

polis daerah

20 1 20

PANTRY 10 1 10

SAFE ROOM for kpd 8 1 8

PHOTOSTATE ROOM 12 1 12

WORK AREA 45 1 45

TOTAL(m²) 186(m²)

ADMINISTRATION DIVISION


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

KBPD ROOM ketua bahagian

pengurusan

daerah

20 1 20


ADMIN INSP. ROOM

/PERJAWATAN

15 1 15

WELFARE INSP.

ROOM/PERKEP

insp.

kebajikan/perkep

12 1 12


101

WELFARE SM

ROOM/PERKEP

SM

kebajikan/perkep

12 1 12

LICENSING OFFICER

ROOM

pegawai

perlesenan

15 1 15

ADMINISTRATION

GENERAL OFFICE

pejabat am

pentadbiran

100 1 100

PUBLIC AFFAIR INSP.

ROOM

bilik insp. hal

ehwal awam

15 1 15

SARJAN HAL EHWAL

AWAM

12 1 12

INSP. TATATERTIB

ROOM

12 1 12

SARJAN LATIHAN

SUKAN ROOM

12 1 12

GENERAL OFFICE (

PENGURUSAN)

pejabat am

pengurusan

100 100

SAFE ROOM 12 1 12

REST AREA 12 2 24

LATIHAN DALAM

PERKHIDMATAN

ROOM

48 1 48

KETUA BAKA ROOM BAHAGIAN

KAUNSELING

20 1 20

BAKA COUNSELING

ROOM

12 1 12

GENERAL OFFICE

BAKA

pejabat am

BAKA

50 1 50

TOTAL(m²) 503(m²)

CAWANGAN KHAS (SPECIAL BRANCH)


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

KCKD ROOM bilik ketua

cawangan khas

daerah

20 1 20


102

WAITING AREA ruang

menunggu

12 1 12

SPECIAL BRANCH (SB)

INSPECTOR ROOM

bilik insp.

cawangan khas

12 2 24

SEARGENT/SM

SPECIAL BRANCH (SB)

ROOM

bilik sm/sarjan

cawangan khas

12 2 24

DETECTIVE ROOM bilik

detektif

42 1 42




TOTAL(m²) 218(m²)

BAHAGIAN GERAKAN (OPERATION DIVISION)


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

KBKA/KTD ROOM bilik

KBKA/KTD

20 1 20

WAITING AREA ruang

menunggu

12 1 12

ADMIN/ADJUSTMENT

SI ROOM

bilik SI

pentadbiran

penyelarasan

12 1 12

BILIK SARJAN

PETUGAS

15 2 30


OPERATION ROOM bilik gerakan 70 1 70

MAIN MEETING ROOM Bilik mesyuarat

utama

100 1 100

MAP STORE bilik peta 12 1 12

PANTRY pantri 10 1 10

PREPARATION ROOM bilik

siap

sedia

36 1 36

TOTAL(m²) 402(m²)


103

BAHAGIAN LOJISTIK (LOGISTIC DIVISION )


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

KBLD ROOM Bilik ketua

bahagian

logistik daerah(

kbld)

20 1 20

WAITING AREA ruang

menunggu

12 1 12

BILIK PKK

KEWANGAN

15 1 15

SUPERVISOR ROOM bilik penyelia 15 1 15


FILE ROOM bilik fail 12 1 12

COMPUTER ROOM bilik komputer 12 1 12

SERVER ROOM bilik server 12 1 12


TOTAL(m²) 134m²)

BAHAGIAN KOMUNIKASI (COMMUNICATION DIVISION)


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total

Area

(m²)

Remarks

COMMUNICATION CHIEF

ROOM

bilik ketua

komunikasi

daerah

20 1 20


BRIEFING ROOM bilik taklimat 20 1 20

STATIONARY ROOM bilik alatulis 12 1 12

BILIK PENYELIA

PENTADBIRAN

12 1 12


104

(V) ROOM 10 1 10

(W) ROOM 36 1 36

(Y) ROOM 10 1 10

(Z) ROOM 10 1 10

OSC ROOM one stop

center

12 1 12

OPERATION SUPERVISOR

ROOM

bilik penyelia

operasi

12 1 12

PREPARATION ROOM bilik siap

sedia

18 1 18

OPERATOR CONSOLE

ROOM

bilik operasi

konsol

PUSCOM AREA pusat puskom 45 1 45

EQUIPMENT AREA

CEB/CIU/UPS/RBS/KMC/IGB

ruang

peralatan

CEB/CIU

/UPS/RBS/

KMC/IGB

30 1 30

BILIK SIMPANAN UTUSAN 10 1 10

TOTAL(m²) 297(m²)

GUEST AREA


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

BRIEFING ROOM 30 1 30

CONSULTATION

ROOM

12 2 24

GUEST ROOM 12 1 12

TOTAL(m²) 66(m²)


105

`


unit (m²)

Number

of unit

Total Area

(m²)

Remarks

TOILET /CHANGING

ROOM (MALE )

FOR

OFFICERS

24 3 72


(female





main lobby for

police )

90 1 90

Banquet Pre-function

area

90 1 90

TOTAL(m²) 504(m²)

TOTAL FLOOR AREA

NO DIVISION AREA 1 KPD (KETUA POLIS DAERAH ) /TKPD OFFICE 186m² 2 ADMINISTRATION DIVISION (BAHAGIAN

PENTADBIRAN)

503 m²

3 SPECIAL BRANCH 218m² 4 OPERATION DIVISION (BAHAGIAN GERAKAN) 402 m² 5 LOGISTIC DIVISION (BAHAGIAN LOJISTIK) 134 m² 6 COMMUNICATION DIVISION (BAHAGIAN

KOMUNIKASI) 297 m²

GUEST AREA 66 m² ANCILLARIES AREA 504

TOTAL 2310 m²


106

TOTAL FLOORS AREA:

TOTAL GROUND FLOOR AREA

4990(m²)

TOTAL FIRST FLOOR AREA 1576m²

TOTAL SECOND FLOOR AREA 2310 m² TOTAL CIRCULATION+SEVICES (

30%) 2662 m²

GROSS FLOOR AREA 11538 m² NET FLOOR AREA 8876

4.5 Summary

In this chapter, the researcher emphasis more on the project brief and the components that

need to be emphasized on the building design. The next chapter will be the site analysis.


107

CHAPTER 5

SITE ANALYSIS

Figure 50: kedah flag

(Source: Google)

5.0 INTRODUCTION

This chapter will explain about the site analysis which include basic information about Kedah

state, the site information including the natural factors, cultural factors, site legal, and so on.

This chapter will focus on the discussion of the proposed site for the Pendang district

police headquarters beginning with the general introductory to the state of Kedah (including

the district of Pendang) and moving on to the description of the proposed site. Throughout

this chapter, the condition and other factors will be analyzed to obtain comprehensive

understanding of the proposed site.

5.1 Kedah Darul Aman

Kedah, also known by its Arabic honorific, Darul Aman (Abode of Peace) is situated in the

North-Western part of Peninsular Malaysia. Kedah shares boundaries with Perlis to the

North, Perak to the South, and Penang to the Southwest. It also shares international

boundaries with Thailand. The capital and royal seat of Kedah is Alor Setar. It is also the

government administration and commercial centre. The state covers a total area of over

9,000 km², and it consists of the mainland and Langkawi. Kedah is the 8th largest state by

land area and 8th most populated state in Malaysia, with a total land area of

9,500 km2 (3,700 sq mi), and a population of 1,890,098.


108

5.2 Proposed Site

The proposed site is located at Pendang, one of the districts of Kedah Darul Aman.

The area is surrounded by the green paddy field which is the most significant symbol for

Kedah Darul Aman. The site can be easily accessed from the PLUS highway and it is within

the inset area of the district and the site is within the inset area of district capital which is the

prime area for a district. The site is surrounded by the most public amenities such as Pejabat

Pendaftaran Negara, Majlis Daerah Pendang and other buildings. The site is actually the

abandoned site for previous Pendang District police headquarter which was abandoned

because of the recession back on the year of 1997. The land is owned by the government and

gazette to be district police headquarter. As planned in the structure plan and Five Years

Strategic Plan of Police (Plan Strategik Lima Tahun-PS5T) it supposedly to have a district

police headquarters for several district at Kedah which do not have one yet. According to the

history of the place, the name of Pendang derived from the word „Pendiat‟ which means ditch

or hole built to capture the elephants. At that time, Pendang district is the largest elephant

breeding area. Elephants became the main transportation system for the time being, especially

as land vehicles to send 'gifts' (Flower of Gold) to the Siam Country.

Pendang is actually a combination of several big areas which are:

Mukim Tobiar

Mukim Padang Pusing

Mukim Guar Kepayang

Mukim Padang Peliang

Mukim Rambai

Mukim Bukit Raya

Mukim Padang Kerbau

Mukim Air Puteh

The site is located at the center of inset area which is one of the busiest area at district

of pendang, the location is perfect in term of the travel distance and also it already in the

administration area of district.


109

5.2.1 Macro Context

Table 17: detail of the site informations

Pendang is a district in the State of Kedah

Darul Aman which was gazetted on February

1st, 1975 and bounded by the District of Kota

Setar in the North, the West Regional of Yan,

Padang Terap and Sik in the East and the

District of Kuala Muda in the south. Pendang

is an area of 62.929 hectares or 629.29 square

kilometers and is divided into eight different

mukim which consist of Mukim Tobiar,

Mukim Padang Pusing, Mukim Guar

Kepayang, Mukim Padang Peliang, Mukim

Rambai, Mukim Bukit Raya, Mukim Padang

Kerbau and lastly Mukim Air Puteh

KEY PLAN

The site is located inside the inset area which

is located at the center of District. It can

easily be accesed by the main road which are

state road and also can be easily accessed

from the Plus Highway which located at the

west area of site location.

LOCATION PLAN

COUNTRY MALAYSIA

STATE KEDAH

SITE PLAN

PENDANG


110

DISTRICT PENDANG

LOT INVOLVED - LOT 7135

(4.1508 HEC)

- LOT 7137 (2.9326

HEC)

- LOT 2928 (1.675

HEC)

-HALF OF LOT

6477(0.5329 HEC)

AREA 14.0387

HECTARES (34.6

ACRES).

LAND USE PREVIOUSLY AS

AGRICULTURE

OWNER

PESURUHJAYA

TANAH

PERSEKUTUAN

LAND TYPE FREE HOLD


111

5.2.2 Legal Information

Figure 51: land use of site

The site is currently gazette to be used as commercial since it just converted from the

agriculture land to be commercial for District police headquarter from the previous

construction period which already been abandoned. Mostly the area covered and used as the

agriculture and some of it are used as the commercial area and the residential area. The area

is the highest dense compare to the other area of Pendang. There is no plot ratio has been

applied in the law to construct the new building and the highest height is about 4 to 5 floors

height because the area is not well developed compare to the other fast develop area such as

at the Alor Setar and so on.


112

5.2.3 NATURAL FACTORS

5.2.3.1 Sun orientation

The location of the site is Latitude (lat): 6°0'0"N Longitude (Lon): 100°28'0"E and the zone

is: UTC+8 hours. It is located at the north of the regional and the area is in the middle of the

sea area and the hilly area at the macro level view.

Figure 53: sun Orientation on the site

From the diagram above, it shows that the site is

nearly parallel with the north point. The direction of sun path

is relatively direct to the site area and gives advantage and

disadvantage to the site in term of the building orientation

soon in the design stage.

Table 18: analysis on the sun orientation

ANALYSIS SYNTHESIS

No blockage of lighting to the site

since the is no tall building at the

surrounding area

The trees at the site gives lots of

shade and shadow to the site area and

reducing the micro temperature

avoid to cut much trees and preserve

the potential area which gives lots of

shadows

Avoid to design much opening on the east and west (building orientation and other

passive design can be used to reduce the impact of sun orientation

Figure 52: shadow casting


113

The 3D simulation done in the 3d software shows the area will be directly illuminated

with the sunlight especially on the middle day. The trees in the site especiall y with the big

canopies help to gives and provide shadow to the site thus reducing the heat which produced

from the direct sunlight. This will become the disadvantage to the development of the side

whore no building on the other area provides shadow but at the same time it gives

opportunity to the designers to maintain and preserve the trees to provide shadow and at the

same time cooling up the area.

Table 19: SWOT analysis on the sun orientation

STRENGTH WEAKNESS OPPORTUNITY THREAD

Direct sunlight from

all direction to be

used as natural

lighting inside the

building

Direct sunlight from

the east and west and

it parallel with the

site orientation

No building or

element at the

surrounding area that

can helps provide

shadow

Use direct sunlight to

illuminate the interior

part of building.

Use photovoltaic as

one of the alternative

for sustainability of

the building since the

site is located at the

hot area.

Table 20: list of the details on the natural factors

RAINFALL

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

JAN

FEB

MA

R

AR

P

MEI

JUN

JUL

SEP

T

OC

T

SEP

T

NO

V

DIS


114

AVERAGE

TEMPERATURE

/MINIMUM AND

MAXIMUM

TEMPERATURE

DAILY RELATIVE

HUMIDITY ON

24/8/2010

TEMPERATURE

AT TUESDAY :

24/8/2010

5.2.3.2 Wind Direction

The wind comes from all of the directions to the site but tolerantly blowing from the

north east and south west of the site. The wind direction is depending on the seasons and

gives different effect to the site. For an example, the wind will contain smokes caused by the

smokes from open burning on the paddy field on the harvesting season. Moreover, the wind

also will bring bad smell which comes from the still water inside of the paddy field on the

plough season .

Figure 54: Wind direction


115

The next diagram shows the direction of the wind and the prevailing wind that comes from

several directions to the site. Most of the areas that will have the most prevailing wind are

come from the paddy field and it will affect the human activities on the site soon.

Figure 55: showing the wind direction that affected by the smoke from the open burning

Table 21: analysis on the wind

ANALYSIS SYNTHESIS

There is no wind block on the site because

of the orientation and the location of the

site.

Very well ventilated and most of the area

are windy

Increasing Comfort ability of micro

temperature especially under the trees area.

EFFECT:

During seasonal time such as harvesting

season, most of the area will be aired by the

smoke from the open burning.

And worsen by the heavy wind from north

east and south east which allow smoke to

travel far from the normal travel. It happen

each year

Avoid to design and locate the most

heavy traffic activity on the perimeter

of the site which will cause the

uncomfortable feeling when there are

smokes.

use tree of building as a buffer zone

for smoke especially on the critical area

such as on the south west of the site

use passive design to avoid effect of

smokes


116

From the analysis and synthesis, it shows that the wind can be an advantage to the site

and also for the design. The possibility to use wind direction especially on the prevailing

wind can be a tool for the users and occupant of district police headquarter to do outdoor

activities.

5.2.3.3 Hydrological and drainage pattern

The current site condition which is located at the paddy area gives benefit to the

drainage and hydrological pattern on the site because the area is a flat area and it already has

a very good drainage system where the water channel for paddy field helps the water to

discharge directly to the main stream. From the interview with the villagers and from the

observation, it shows that there are no water flood happen on the site and it because of the flat

area and also the water channel that can be found on the perimeter of the site.

The hydrological and drainage pattern on the site are observed and show that these

existing system gives advantage and disadvantage to the site. The following graph and

analysis-synthesis diagram shows the effect of the hydrological and drainage pattern on the

site in visual.


117

1

2

5

4

3

Figure 56: hydrological pattern on the site

1

2

3

4

5


118

Table 22: analysis and synthesis on the hydrological pattern

ANALYSIS SYNTHESIS

From the interview and the observation on the

site, there will be no flood happened in the site

because of the level and the good water discharge

system. This happen because of :

• water directly discharged through the

existing water way by the nearest

agriculture runoff even there is no

systematic drainage provided

• most of the area at the site now are still

uncovered by the concrete thus increasing

the precipitation of water to the ground

• it is an advantage to have agriculture

runoff in the middle of the site since it

helps to remove the water quickly

• Need to provide proper drainage

system to avoid sharing the drainage

system with agriculture purposes to

avoid pollutant happened because of

the chemicals from the agriculture

activities

• Maintain or propose a new water

drainage at the middle and can be used

to divide the building phase soon (

between the administration and the

residential area

• Integrating the design with water

5.2.3.4 Topography and Geology

Figure 57: topography of the site

(Source: Mazlan Jaafar Architect)


119

The land on the site is relatively flat and previously is a paddy field area. The land

topography gives advantage to the site. Form the observation and photograph analysis, it

shows that the land is fully flat and the site level is raised comparing to the surrounding area

such as the paddy field. The level is raised when the previous construction but still some of

the area need to be refilled by new soil.

The land soil is alluvium type which suitable for the paddy field and it already topped

by the other soil such as laterite.

Figure 58: site cross-section/site level

. The above diagram and cross section shows the overall site area and the level of the

site, it shows that the land is flat as said above. The land profile helps water to discharge

directly to the ground.


120

Figure 59: topography in macro context

In macro context as shown in the map above, all of the areas at the site which located

at the center part of the Pendang administration area are flat. The area is not in the reservoir

area or water catchment for the Pendang district.

Table 23: analysis and synthesis on the topography and geology of the site

ANALYSIS SYNTHESIS

Most all of the area at the site is flat ground

since the site is at the agriculture land

(paddy) which requires flat land.

The topsoil of the site are covered with the

laterit soil which act as the filling from the

previous soil type (alluvium)

The subsoil is mostly the clay which can be

found easily under the paddy field which

acts as the container for the water.

Consider on adding the additional

contour for better land scenery

users experience

Must use piling for substructure

because of the condition of the

land

FLAT AREA HILLY AREA


121

5.2.3.5 Vegetation pattern

The site is already covered by the bushes and most of it is the combination of small,

medium and large tress. The area of the tress can be divided into the centre part of the site

and also at the perimeter of the site. Both areas are the location of most of the trees. Most of

the center parts of the site are covered with the medium to large trees meanwhile the

perimeters are covered by the small until the large trees.

The figure below shows the location of the trees and also the bushes area. The

perimeter and the centre part of the area that contain tress gives advantage and also

disadvantage in designing the police building at the site soon.

Figure 60: vegetation pattern on the site


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1

2

3

6

5

4

Figure 61: location of the plants on the site

1

2

3

4 5

6


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1Nymphea odorata -( Water lily )

2 Nephrolesis biserrata (Giant

sword fern)

Eupotorium odoratum L.

- Pokok busuk2.@daun kapal terbang

3 Oryza sativa (Paddy plant )

Figure 62: list of identified plant on the site

1

2

3


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5.2.4 CULTURAL FACTORS

5.2.4.1 Neighborhood context

Figure 63: meighborhood context of the site

The site is surrounded by the facilities and services building all around it. It is because

the site is on the center of the administration of Pendang. The location of the building and

also the types of the building have been identified and classed into the commercial, the

residential and lastly the institutional building where it must be under police surveillance. The

buildings include schools, post office, mosque, municipal council and other complexes that

are important as public facilities.


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Figure 64: distance of the police station from the site

The diagram above shows the distance between the proposed site and all the police

station available at Pendang District. This study is very important to ensure the location of the

proposed site is suitable and the police vehicle can arrive at the locations that have cases in

time.

Most of the places are reachable within 35 minutes by motorcycle and below 35

minutes by cars. As stated by Konstable Mohd Najib (161462), Konstable Mohd Ikhwan

(175970), and lastly Koperal Salehuddin Yusoff (100568) in the interviews done on their

police station, they said that the procedure to control the case especially accident will be

secured by the officer from the nearest police station first and will be continued by the

officers form the District Police Headquarter within 30 minutes travel time. They said this

procedure is good and the distance is acceptable for them to do their works.


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Figure 65: list of public amenities around the site


127

Figure 66: list of public amenities around the site

As shown in the figures above, Pendang resides by various races from Malay,

Chinese, Indian and Siamese where most of them have different religion dominated by Islam,

Buddha and Christian. The religious building can be found at several places (Mukim)

especially on the residential area where the density of people is high.


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5.2.4.2 Accessibility and Circulation

In macro level study, it found out that the intersection of three main roads (major state

road) at the near place to the site makes it accessible from many directions such as from:

i. Kubur Panjang (main access from Pokok Sena and Padang Terap)

ii. PLUS HIGHWAY ( main access from PLUS Highway and from Yan)

iii. Padang Pusing ( main access from Sungai Tiang ,Padang Pusing and Sik)

Thefigure below shows the connection between the three main roads that connected together

at the Pendang town. The site can be accessed directly from those three main roads and

including other minor road which colored by blue in the picture that actually connecting the

main road with the area surrounds it.

Figure 67: macro accessibility to the site

The transportation system for public and private can accessed directly to the site since

it is just located near to the main road. There are several types of vehicle can be found at the

area such as car, truck/lorry, motorcycle, and other public transport such as train (Keretapi

Tanah Melayu), public bus, taxi and for non-vehicle they provides pedestrian walkways on

several places at the Pendang Town that makes people easily can access the site.


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5.2.4.3 Human Activities

There are two different studies on the human activities which divided into On-site

activities and off-site activities. Both studies are important in order to know the current usage

of the land and human behavior on the site and the surrounding.

5.2.4.3.1 Onsite activities

1

2

Figure 68: identified onsite activities

The picture above shows some of the human activities on site. The abandoned

structure at the center of the site gives bad effect to the teenagers since they use it as the place

to gather for bad activities such as illegal racing group and also for coupling reason. This will

gives bad image to the surrounding since the site is actually gazette for police headquarter.

1

2


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The site which have lots of bushes area gives advantage to the villagers where they

use it as the area to capture the wild bird such as Wak-wak (Amaurornis phoenicurus) and

other species.

The other human activities that can be seen on the site is most of the villagers use the

site as the shortcut route to go to their paddy field especially for people on the next road. This

happen because the site is actually connecting the main road to the paddy filed and can be

accessed by pedestrian, motorcycle and even the cars and lorry.

ANALYSIS SYNTHESIS

The abandoned structure and green (trees and bushes

(create positive and negative effect to the human

activities. From the observation and interview :

Local people always go to the site to lure birds

especially Wak-wak (Amaurornis phoenicurus)

Fishing and use the site to cross to the nearest

residential area or use it as the shortcut to go to their

paddy field.

Somehow, the trees and bushes also provide negative

space especially with the abandoned structure in the

middle which attracting the teenagers to do negatives

activities such as coupling, drugs and other bad things.

• If possible, try not to disturb the

existing circulation used by local

which it potentially to create

positive relationship among local

and police officer

• Relocate the existing circulation for

local if necessary.

• Preserve some of the green area

which have lots of advantages to

the project

• Create activities for the teenagers in

side of the police area.

5.2.4.4 Accessibility and circulation

The site can be accessed from many directions such as shown below. The main

entrance can be accessed from the main road which is Jalan pendang where connecting the

Plus Highway to the centre of Pendang Town and it also connecting Pendang with the nearest

district Yan. In term of the circulation wise, there will be no problem because it is clearly

seen from the main road.

The other access will be by the road next to the site which normally been used by

the villagers to bring the fertilizer to their paddy field and it cannot be used as the main

entrance since the connection and the usage is more toward the agriculture use and not for

any other use especially for the design of district police headquarter.


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For the current situation, the main entrance and the road inside the site are used by

the villagers as the shortcut route to go to their paddy field and so on. Thus, the future usage

for district police headquarter will gives bad effect to the villagers. As the solution for the

future development, new approach has to be implemented to ensure there are no disruptions

to the villager‟s activities because of the future development. The approach and

implementation are explained in the synthesis.

Figure 69: accessibility to the site


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Figure 70: accessibility on the site

Figure 71: possibility of the access around the site


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The previous page shows the figures on each circulation type and the possibility to

be accessed by type of vehicle and also the detail on the width of each circulation type. From

the observation and picture taken, there will be possibility on the site to be accessed by

several ways including the back side of the site which actually reducing the security level for

the proposed design since there will be no limitation on the access to the site. The existing

road and the route provided for paddy field actually gives advantage and also at the same

time gives disadvantage to the design soon. The design must have to solves the security

problem by the arrangement of the building component

5.2.4.5 Man made features

Figure 72: manmade features that can be found on the site

The figures show the man made features that available on the site. Most of the man

made features are just the abandoned material and components from the previous

construction. The examples if the man made features available are such as abandoned


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structure and the signboard. The other available features are the electrical post and also the

irrigation point that control water flow.

Other than that, no electrical and other features for facilities from the previous

construction can be found on the site. The structure cannot be reused for future design

because of the location that not suit with the concept.

5.2.5 AESTHETIC FACTORS

The aesthetic factor is another important aspect that have been studied and

observed on the site. Some of it related to the senses such as view, smell, sound and other

components. Those components are explained in detail below.

5.2.5.1 Sound and smell

From the observation on the site, it found out that there are no intolerable sounds at

the site. This is because of the length between the main road and the site which are a bit far

except for the front part of the site.

Other reasons for less sound pollutant:

i. less traffic even at the peak time at the Pendang

ii. Bushes and the National registration Department act as the buffer zone to

reduce the sound from the main road.

iii. No building at surrounding to reflect the sound thus it goes and disappear.

Most of the areas at the site are not contaminated by the smell and polluted by intolerable

sound except several times in a year accordingly to the stage of paddy (agriculture). From the

observation and the interview with the villagers about the condition of the site, it found out

that the smell is depending on the season but on the normal day there will be no intolerable

smell that polluting the site


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The seasonal effects are explained below:

SEASONAL STUDY

Smell Sound

Plough season Smell from the fertilizer and

chemical composite

Non-circular water create

intolerable smell for non-

local users

polluted by sound from the

machine for agriculture

purposes

Sometime the sound are not

tolerable because the sound

comes from the machine such

as :

Tractor

Kubota

Water pump

Harvesting season Smokes from the open

burning

polluted by sound from the

machine for agriculture

purposes

Most of the time are not

tolerable because of the heavy

machine


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Figure 73: effect of buffer and distance to the site

The picture above explained in graphic how the buffer zone and the length of the site

to the main road help to reduce the sound to the site.

5.2.5.2 Views into the site

Figure 74: views into the site


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From the observation on the site, the views and vista at most of the areas are

considered as good views. The surrounding environment which covered by the paddy field

gives good impact to the views and it is considered as the advantage to the site. The

background of mountain and paddy field is useful to gives calmness to the officers and also

the users. Thus, the design must reflect the environment and use it as one of the concern issue

in designing the police district headquarter.

Figure 75: views on the site

5.3 SUMMARY

Based on the site analysis, it can be concluded that the advantages of the

site are on the natural and the cultural factors. The site surrounding gives lots of impacts to

the developments of the Police headquarters. From the site overview through the site analysis

procedure, it shows that all of the surrounding elements will helps in the design and the

designers should appreciate all of it as one of the design as a whole. The next chapter will be

the design development which will explain in detail of the flow of the design.


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CHAPTER 6

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

6.0 INTRODUCTION

The chapter will explain about the design development and design approach

throughout the semester from the design thesis 1 until the semester II on design thesis 2. All

the comments and advice from the critic session will be included in this chapter.

6.1 DESIGN THESIS 1

The subchapter will explain about the design that involved in the design thesis 1. It includes

the master planning, form design and site respond, services, internal planning (vertical

planning) and lastly the comments from the lecturers.

6.1.1 Master planning

Master planning design for the district police headquarters is one option than can be used by

the designers to solve the safety and security issue and also the smart expansion of the police

division afterward. The diagram shows the division of the elements in the master planning.

Figure 76: master planning design for Pendang District Police Headquarters

It consists of the administration building, technical area, and lastly the residential area. The

division of spaces will give advantage for the component to expand accordingly for future

expansion and will not disrupting the others in term of circulation, location and functions.


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Figure 77: major zoning on the master planning

Figure 78: private zoning

The site is divided into three major zones which are the public, semi public and the private

zone.

The detail of each of the zoning is explained below:

Public zone The public zone is the area for police services/facilities are located. The

function of the facilities is to serve the purposes of the public such as doing

report and so on. The public zoning includes parking area, spaces inside the

departments that meant for public, cafeteria, and musolla.

Semi public

zone

The semi public zone is designed to give access to the public but not at all

time. For an example, the spaces will be accessed by the public to play football

or other community purposes. The semi public spaces include community hall,

and football field.

Private zone Private zone are only meant for the police officers and only can be accessed by

the public for certain cases such as detainee‟s family visiting. The spaces that

includes in this area are all listed in high security spaces such as


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The problem about the expansion and safety/security issues will be solved by having this kind

of master planning. The red circle on the above diagram shows the area that already set at the

secluded area and public circulation/flow are not designed to cross/ circulated in this area

thus will increase the safety and security of district police headquarters. The admin in the

middle will give advantage to the whole design development and will definitely increase the

security level.

6.1.2 Form design/site response

Figure 79: form design and site response

The form of the building are derived from the shape of the site which are considered as

rectilinear and it also considering about the view of the police headquarters building toward

the eyes of the public.

The front shape of the building is designed parallel with the line of the road to give

maximum views toward the public. This will give people ease to recognize police building.

The shapes on the left and right of the building are designed to fully utilize the shape and give

the full view of very nice panorama toward paddy field to the police officers as describe by

graphic in the second figure.


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Figure 80 : shows the visibility from the main road

Figure 81: process to gives privacy and increasing the views

The designers are focus more on the front facade which it will give a very big effect

to the public. The design concern on the two ways views which related to both police and

public. In order to gives more views to the public and police officers, the designers try to give

more surface of the shape by rotating the blocks. The process is shown on the diagram above.

By having this kind of rotation, it will gives full views for the public and police and also

gives sharp edge which actually one of the way to show strength , powerful, and formal in

architectural languages.


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Figure 82: viewing performance in the proposed design

The above perspective shows the usage and actual application of rotated form for viewing

and image purposes.

6.1.2.1 Point of views

Table 24: point of views on proposed building

The view from the main lobby

toward courtyard and toward

paddy field

Main admin area toward

paddy field

Cafeteria and musolla

toward paddy field

6.1.2.2 Wind respond


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The design of the space and building orientation are designed to take advantage of the

prevailing wind on the site. From the site analysis, it found out that there are two major winds

prevailed routes. One of the wind directions is used by the designers to give maximum

natural cooling and wind to the public and also for the officers.

6.1.3 Site diagram

Table 25: site diagrams

The site is designed to have two

different entrances which

specifically designed for public

use and police use. These two

entrances are secured by the post

guard at the main entrance. By

having this kind of circulation

and security procedure.

The circulation for police and

public will not be crossed by each

other.

Another security post is located at

the entrance of the police quarters

In order to increase the security

for the area.

The pedestrian can walk from the

front (main road) until the front

of the admin building and

circulate along the admin

building.


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The diagram shows the main

entrance for public and also for

the police officers and also the

vehicle flow for both parties. It

shows clearly that there are no

cross-circulation between those

groups. The public vehicles are

combined with the residential at

the left entrance. This is function

to serve the public purposes and

also to give access for the public

to go to the shared facilities such

as football field and multipurpose

hall.

The services for the site are

divided into the private services

and also the public services.

Those services are meant for

public and also for the secured

services. One of the examples of

the public services is STP

(sewerage treatment plant)

service, refuse chamber and so

on. Meanwhile the secured

services are like Utilities loading

for police and also for bunker

loading.

The planning gives advantage to

separate between the public and

police activities including the

services.


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6.1.4 Internal space planning

The internal space planning will explain in detail about the space design. It will include

the diagram of flows for public, the space relationship and also will focus on the safety and

security issues.

Figure 83: vertical planning for Pendang District Police Headquarters

The sectional perspective above shows the level of the floor. The design is meant to

keep the safety and security at the highest.

The details of the spaces are as listed in the table below:

Table 26: List of spaces on each of the floors at Proposed Pendang District Police Headquarters

Ground floor One stop centre

Traffic division

Police station

Armoury

Lockup division

Case material/exhibit

Bunker

Cafeteria

Musolla

First floor Narcotic division

Commercial Crime investigation division

Crime division office


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Risikan

Crime administration office

Courts office

Bantuan teknik foto

Kongsi gelap

Logistic division

Second floor plan Management division

Administration division

KPD/TKPD office

Operation office

Communication office

Figure 84: Public flows at the ground floor

The main entrance for the police headquarters will give option to the public to do their

business either related to police cases or traffic cases. The location of the police station and

traffic are located at both left and right side of the main entrance.


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Then the next space that they will see are the district police headquarters ones top

centre. The other spaces that can be found on the public circulation is the Lockup counter

which only meant for family members of the detainees, this counter will ease the process of

meeting between the family and the detainers.

Figure 85: double wall system applied on the planning

The above diagram shows the application of the double wall system that applied

for the crucial spaces such as below:

i. Armory division

ii. Lockup area

iii. Case material/exhibit

iv. Bunker

These spaces are needed to be entirely secured by any ways. Thus the double wall system

will help to increase the safety and security from inside and also from the outside of the wall.


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6.1.5 Comments from the lecturers

Base on the critic session done throughout the semester, there are lots of comments from the

lecturers as listed below:

Table 27: comments from the lecturers

COMMENTS FROM THE

LECTURERS

SELF REVISION

Roofing are not well-designed The division of the master planning is not

really shows the public and public must share

same road with the residents (police

residence) to go to the shred facilities such as

football field and so on.

Need to detail up on the space Design strategies and building program are

not well designed and translated into spaces

Too many negative space caused by the

rotation of blocks.

From the comments and revision study on the design, the designers take consideration to

change the design to the new one. Building elements/ component that used in the new design:

1

Double wall system

: all the components

still designed inside

the double wall

area.

2 Division of the master plan The divisions of the

master planning are

revised and

designed to be more

public oriented but

still maintaining the

safety and security

issue.

3


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The sharp

edges/segmented

element for the

façade will be

maintained since it

shows the

characteristic of

police organization

through

architectural

language.

4 OSC ( one stop centre ) approach OSC ( one stop

centre ) approach

will be enhanced

and design to be suit

with the flow of

police

6.2 DESIGN THESIS 2: PENDANG DISTRICT POLICE HEADQUARTERS

PROPOSAL

The new design for the district police headquarters is actually the revised version of the

old one. In order to make this design better than the previous one, there are six improvements

on the overall design for the district police headquarters as listed below:

i. The image of the police building through the facade enhancement. This approach

is to function more than before which is showing the police image through

architectural language and also try to maximizing the view in order to direct

people from far. The target area for the viewing radius is from the PLUS highway

and also from the main road of Pendang Town.

ii. The double wall system is enhanced by replacing the internal spaces that will suit

with the circulation thus increasing the safety and security level for the building.

iii. Vertical planning is improvised by stacking the internal spaces into group (level)

base on the safety and security level need.


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iv. OSC (one stop centre) is enhanced from the previous design. The OSC( one stop

centre ) on the previous design is not focusing on the flow of the police

activities/processes meanwhile at this time the flows and activities are concern

and translated into the building spaces and the whole ground floor will be the OSC

( one stop centre) . This will make public easy to do their report.

v. The staircase is designed to suit the purposes. The staircase is identified is one of

the core of problem because it give access to the public on the typical design of

district police headquarters. By designing the staircase according to the purposes,

it will surely increase the safety and security level for the police district police

headquarters design.

vi. The element/component of area for site planning is redesigned to suit with the

function of the police, community, and also for the technical issue.

6.2.1 Master planning

Figure 86: master plannning strategies

The above diagram shows the division of the new components that design for

the master planning. It comprised of 4 new elements that improved from the previous design

and also derived from the EPU GUIDELINE and simplified into the form. In detail, the forms

of the master plan are shown in the diagram below:


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Figure 87: simplified zoning on the master planning

ZONING DESCRIPTION

Public The public area is function to give access

for the public to go to the main building.

It contain the parking area, main entrance

for the admin , main entrance for the

police headquarters area and also the

spaces for the expansion ( public parking

)

Community The community area is purposely design

to be used by the public and the

residential (police resident). The spaces

are located at both attached with the

admin building and also located secluded

from the main building.

Attached building with admin :

i. Kindergarten

ii. Musolla

iii. Cafeteria

admin building

public community

residentialtechnical


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Detached building/facilities from

admin :

i. Football field

ii. pavilion

Residential Residential area is purposely design for

the residential area which separated from

the main admin building. This area is

only meant for the development of the

police quarters.

Technical The technical area is meant only for the

vehicular, technical, and also the loading

area for the police. This area is set to be

restricted to the public. It also includes

the entrance for the high security spaces

such as the armory, bunker and so on.


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6.2.2 Building form

Table 28: Building form process

The form is derived from the

shape of the site and also from

the previous design in order to

suit with the whole police

spaces. By considering that, the

rectangular form is selected to be

the main form.

The form divided into two layers

which function to show the

public area and also the private

area. The red layer is showing

the general vertical planning

which dividing the public and

private zoning.

The outer edges of the private

zoning are lifted up for image

purposes and also to celebrate

the VIP since the lift up area will

be the area for the VIP and also

for the viewing purposes.

In order to make the shape

function, the possible are for

staircase are identified and the

designer select 4 edges of the

rectangular to be the area for the

main staircases. The area will be

intersected with another

rectangular shape.

By adding the external shapes to

the 4 edges of the rectangular, it

give sense of boundaries to the 4


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elements/ components for master

panning which are reserved for

community,public, residential

and also the technical.

The sketches show the initial

ideas of the building form for the

Pendang district police

headquarters. This shape will

give good views for the public,

police, and also good in

designing the master plan.

6.2.3 Safety and security Strategies

Table 29: strategies on the safety and security

The above diagram shows the vertical planning for the Pendang district police

headquarters. The ground floors meant only for public, this level will be the spaces for

public to do their activities including the report and so on.

The first floor will be the area for police parking; this is intentionally designed to give


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visual perception to the public that the upper floor is not meant for them.

The second floor is function to be the spaces for the crime investigation division. This

will give easiness to the Investigation officers to come down to serve the public.

The third floor will be the area/level for the high security spaces such as

telecommunication division/ operational division and also the special branch spaces.

Those spaces are meant for public. This level contains main meeting area/ operation

room which will be accessed by all of the officers.

Lastly the fourth floor is function for the services that will be the area for the water

tank and so on.

In summary, the level of the police headquarters are already well defined in term of

vertical planning which will affect the safety and security level.

Table 30: safety and security approach on the master planning

The master planning

on the left shows the

element/component

as planned before.

The overall master

planning will gives

benefit to the

expansion and also

for the safety and

security concern.

PUBLIC

COMMUNIT

Y

RESIDENTIAL TECHNICAL


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6.2.4 Internal planning strategies

Table 31: shows the internal planning strategies

The above diagram shows the position of the staircase and how it function as what they are

programmed to be.

The designers set the staircase to be at the north, south, east and west area of the admin

building. This is function to give full access for the police officers but not meant for the

public.

North lobby : function to be the main entrance for the VIP entrance and it includes the

only lift available for this building

South lobby: function to be the main entrance for the police officers because it located at

the armory division. The armory division is the area that collect and keep the arm (gun and

all weapon) that will be used by the police officers when they come and out to the field

(working on respective cases) .

West lobby : function to give access from the technical area to the upper part of the

building, this entrance can be considered as the general entrances for the police officers

East lobby : function to be the general entrance for the police officers same like the west

lobby but also function to give ease for the police officers to come down from the upper


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floor to the OSC area ( 2nd

stage of the report process , investigation area ) .

The details of each of entrances process are shown in the diagram above.

the second floor will be the level for the crime investigation division and all the supporting

division that must be located at the same level.

The arrangements of the spaces are accordingly to the space below.

For an example, the narcotic division is located near to the south lobby because of the

characteristic of the division that always cater the narcotic problem and must be near to the

lockup area which actually located at the ground floor, thus the location of the staircase is

located near to the lockup area and also the narcotic division.

This will improve the workability of the division toward its function.

The another example of the location of the division is on the crime investigation division (

jabatan siasatan jenayah ) which comprised of the spaces for the Investigation officers. The

location of this division is located at the east lobby that will be directly connecting the

nearest space to the investigation area at the ground floor (2nd

stage of the report process ,

investigation area ). Thus enhancing the workability of the spaces between the ground floor

and the upper floors.

The detail of each division relationship is described on the diagram above.


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The third floor is the level for the high restricted division such as spaces for KPD

office/, operation division, communication division and so on. The designer set the

location to suit with the ground floors. it ts the same concept like the previous floor.

For an example, the operation and main meeting area is function to be the area for

setting the operation for a cases such as OPS DADAH and so on, the area must be

located next to the staircase that lead to the vehicular area such as Black maria and so

on, thus the location of the main meeting area and operation area are located next to

the south lobby which directly connecting to the black maria area and so on.

The details of each of the space relationship are as shown in the diagram above.


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6.2.5 HIGH SECURITY SPACES

6.2.5.1 Lokcup division

For the lockup detail, there will be three different flows that can be analyzed by the designer.

It consists of the Blackmaria flows, narcotic flows and also the visitors (family) flows. These

three flows will determine the spaces inside the lockup division.

Table 32: showing the flow of the Blackmaria (police vehicle) on the Lockup division

BLACKMARIA FLOWS

One of the function to have the parking for the black maria at the upper floor is to give

easy access to the detainees and also to reduce the probability that the detainees will

escape and threatening the public .

The detail of the flow is describe in the diagram.


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Table 33: showing the flows for the detainees for narcotic division

NARCOTIC FLOW

The narcotic flow is function to give direct measurement to the detainees that captured

because of the drug. The diagram above shows the flow for the narcotic flows. The

narcotic flows also function to be the flow for the detainees from the lockup cell and

from the blackmaria.


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Table 34: showing the flow of public (families) and identification purposes on the Lockup division

VISITORS/FAMILY FLOW

The visitors/families flow/ inspection flow is function to give acces for the public

(respected members of families and public) to go to the lockup for specific purposes,

for visiting or for inspection purposes.

The detail of the process is described in the diagram above.


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6.2.6 Structure

Figure 88: precast system used in building construction

The building will be using post and beam

system and technically will be using the

IBS precast concrete post, beam and slab

component as the structure.

Figure 89: post and beam system used in the construction


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6.2.7 Site diagram

Table 35: site diagram for new design of Pendang district police headquarters


164


165

Figure 90 : perspectives fo proposed Pendang District police Headquarters

6.2.8 Comments from the lecturers

Base on the critic session done throughout the semester, there are lots of comments

from the lecturers as listed below:

Table 36: comments from the lecturers

COMMENTS FROM THE

LECTURERS

SELF REVISION

The building components that attached to

the main admin building such as

multipurpose hall, kindergarten will not

work because of the hierarchy of the

zoning.

Not suitable to put children on the high

security building, need to separate the

building component from the main admin

building

Relocate the building components to

another places.

Parking floor that will increase cost and Reduce the parking size and provides


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building efficiency. parking spaces just for the high level of

police officers.

6.3 DESIGN THESIS 2: FINAL SCHEME FOR PENDANG DISTRICT POLICE

HEADQUARTERS PROPOSAL

This subchapter will explain about the final scheme of the design for Pendang District Police

Headquarters proposal which includes the plan and perspective of the building.

Figure 91: final scheme of Master planning


167


168


169


170

Figure 92: Groudn floor plan


171

Figure 93: first floor plan


172

Figure 94: second floor plan

Figure 95: perspective of the building


173

Figure 96: perspective for the Pendang District Police headquarters

6.4 SUMMARY

The building scheme and design process is explained in the chapter. The designer shows the

ideas on the proposed building of Pendang District Police Headquarters. it includes the design

process from the design thesis one until the final scheme of the building on design thesis two.

The next chapter will be the Technical studies chapter.


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CHAPTER 7

STRUCTURE AND BUILDING SERVICES

7.0 INTRODUCTION

This chapter consists of the studies on the building structure and services that applied in the

building. It includes the structure system, ventilation, electrical power supply, water supply,

mechanical ventilation, fire protection system and telecommunication system.

7.1 Structure system

This subtopic will include the study on the IBS in Malaysia condition, the structures used in

the building and also the usage of the UAC product into the design.

7.1.1 Industrialized Building System and Modular design

The first chapter explained the overview of research structure and the introduction of research

background. This chapter provides detail explanation and information on the background of

the research: revealing the general information of IBS in Malaysia and the advantage of

having IBS in construction system.

7.1.1.1 Background study of IBS

Industrialized building system (IBS) is one of the construction methods that is already

established in Malaysia and commonly used in constructing the building.

Chung (2006) has claimed that:

The process of industrialization is an investment in equipment, facilities and the

technology with the objective of maximizing the production output and improving the

quality of building and at the same time minimizing the labour resource. Meanwhile

building system is a system that combining a set of interconnected element to make a

building works (Warswaski, 1999).

It can be defined in current term that all building such as wall, slab beam and other

building component including staircase are mass produced either in factory or at site factory.

All of the components are produced under strict quality control and minimal wet site

activities.


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The definition of IBS stated by Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) is

more detailed. According to CIDB, IBS is one of the systems available in Malaysia where the

component is fabricated or manufactured off-site using machines and formworks, and

delivered to the site for assemblage and erection to build a complete structure.

As stated by Thanoon (2003), The IBS in Malaysia started in early 1960‟s when

Ministry of Housing and Local Government of Malaysia visited European countries and later

adapting their construction method to local construction works. The first project involved the

development of 22.7 acres of land at Jalan Pekeliling, Kuala Lumpur. It was purposely

designed to identify the potential of IBS construction method in terms of time, cost and the

quality of the whole projects. This project was awarded to Gammon and Larsen Nielsen using

Danish System of large panel of pre-fabricated system (CIDB, 2003).

Figure 97: pekeliling flat ,Kuala Lumpur

The second housing project was initiated by the government of Malaysia. It involved

6 blocks of 17 storey flat and 3 blocks of 18 storey flat at Jalan Rifle Range, Penang. The

project was awarded to Hochtief and Chee Seng using French Estoit System (Din, 1984;

CIDB, 2003 and Sarja, 1998).

In between 1981-1993, Perbadanan Kemajuan Negeri Selangor (PKNS) acquired

precast concrete technology from Praton Haus originated from German to build low-cost

house bungalow in Selangor (CIDB,2003).

One of the earliest large projects using IBS was at Dayabumi, constructed by

Takenaka Corporation of Japan. The project was successful in giving Malaysian the first view

of advantage in using IBS. Soon after, it became a system that has potential to be developed.

It was conducted by Housing Research Centre (HRC) of Universiti Putra Malaysia. HRC

developed local IBS system Interlocking load bearing hollow-block building (Putra Block)


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which has won the prestigious „Geneva Gold Medal‟ award for innovation. HRC was also

engaged with the National Affordable Housing research program organized by the Ministry

of Housing and Local Government in 2001.

Nowadays, the usage of IBS in Malaysia is rapidly developed. As stated by CIDB, most of

the private companies in Malaysia with experts from foreign company such Australia, US and

Japan offers pre-cast solution to the project. The most prominent construction projects that

applied IBS are Bukit Jalil Sport Complex, Lightweight Railway Train (LRT) and

PETRONAS Twin Tower.

7.1.1.2 Typical classification of IBS

According to Junid (1986), the typical classifications of IBS throughout the world

construction method are as below:

i. Frame or post and beam system

ii. Panel system

iii. Box system

Table 37: type of IBS system

(Source: Warszawski, 1999).

FRAME SYSTEM PANEL SYSTEM BOX SYSTEM

7.1.1.2.1 Frame system

It is a system that transfers the load by its components from the girder and beams

through the column and neutralized at ground. The skeletal structure reduces the load from

the carrying members. This type of construction system is applicable for large span of

structure that is normally used for parking, hall and industrial building.


177

Figure 98: Two examples of frame system for public building which applicable for parking structure (a) and office building (b)


7.1.1.2.2 Panel System

Figure 99: example of the panel system usage (


Junid (1986) stated that panel system is a system that carry load by using large floor

and wall panels. Normally both wall panel and floors are fabricated at the factory level and

can be in several of form and materials. Malaysia is one of the countries that is applying

panel system and mostly used for high-rise flat and low-rise building.


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7.1.1.2.3 Box system

Box system is a system that uses 3 dimensional modules for fabrication and habitat

unit, Junid (1986). The advantage of using this system is the way it transfers the load which

is from all direction.

Figure 100: The arrangement of box units into location


7.1.1.3 Group of IBS

From the structural classification as stated by CIDB, there are five major groups of

IBS that are use for construction in Malaysia nowadays.

There are five main groups of IBS that are used in Malaysia as shown below:

i. Pre-cast Concrete Framing, Panel and Box Systems

ii. Steel Formwork Systems

iii. Steel Framing Systems

iv. Prefabricated Timber Framing System

v. Block Work System.

From the above groups of IBS, precast concrete is the most common in Malaysian

construction industry. It can be either fabricated at site as massive wet construction or at the

factory or transported to site only for installation as dry construction process. The main


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elements are columns, beams, slabs, walls and 3D elements such as balconies, staircase,

toilets and lift chambers.

In comparison, steel formwork systems are fabricated only at factory and later being

installed on site. Simple bracing system will be used to install the formwork before the

concrete is poured into the formwork and be removed after seven days. The steel formwork is

commonly used in constructing tunnel form, beams, column molding form and permanent

steel formwork.

Steel framing system is almost similar to steel formwork system, in which is it fabricated

at the factory and transferred to the site to be constructed. It may involve cutting, drilling and

shot blasting to connect all of the elements. The elements include steel beams and columns,

portal frame and roof trusses.

Prefabricated timber framing system is uncommon in Malaysia because the construction

in the country does not use massive timber which is high in cost. Generally, it will be used in

the conventional roof truss and timber frames.

Block work system includes Interlocking Concrete Masonry Unit (CMU) and lightweight

concrete blocks. It is fabricated at factory level and later, transferred and assembled at the

site. Generally, it is used to make wall and concrete block pavements.

7.1.1.4 Characteristic of IBS

IBS term is often misinterpreted as a system that is specifically designed for building

construction. However, the system covered all types of structures as the word building refers

to constructing. There are several characteristic for IBS as stated by CIDB as stated below:

i. Industrial production of components though prefabrication; or highly mechanized in-

situ processes i.e. slip-forms, post tensioning, or Tunnel shutters.

ii. Reduced labor during prefabrication of components and site works.

iii. Modern design and manufacturing methods i.e. involvement of Computer Aided

Design (CAD) and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM).

iv. Systematic Quality Control i.e. ISO 9000 principles.

v. Open Building Concept i.e. permitting hybrid applications, adaptable to

standardization and Modular Coordination (MC).


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A system must comply and comprise of the whole characteristics as mentioned above to be

considered as an IBS system. These are the rules prepared by CIDB to ensure users‟

satisfaction from IBS product.

7.1.1.5 Modular design

Modular coordination is a system used in coordinating system for dimensioning space,

components, fitting etc. It is important to ensure that no cutting is involved when combining

the elements on site, eventhough the components are made by different supplier.

Ng Soon Chin (2006) mentioned the objective of using Modular Coordination (MC)

in construction site:

To create a basis upon which variety of types and sizes of building component

can be minimize. Through a rationalized method of construction, each

component is designed to be interchangeable with other similar one and hence,

provide a maximum degree of freedom and choices offered to the designers.

To allow for easy adoption of prefabricated component to any layout and for

their interchangeability within the building. This is achieved by defining the

location of each component in the building with a reference to a common

modular grid rather than with a reference to other components.

The modular coordination for a building applies the basic length unit or module of

M=100cm. This allows the designers to apply this size or its multiple in the building

component. Although this system is easy to apply, its application involves high degree of

coordination level, adjustment in the manufacturing process and the interfacings aspect of its

component.

7.1.1.6 Advantages and disadvantages of using IBS

Using IBS as the construction method can either be an advantage or disadvantage to

the users, as compared to the traditional construction method. Most of the industry players

failed to realize that precast concrete offers better alternative to the traditional and labor

intensive in-situ construction. The advantages and disadvantages of using IBS in a

construction site as stated by CIDB:


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7.1.1.6.1 Advantages:

i. Cleaner, neater and safe construction sites

ii. Easy installation

iii. Open/ flexible system

iv. Labour reduction

v. Fast completion

vi. Enhancing quality/ finished product

vii. Lowering total construction cost

viii. Reduce construction period

7.1.1.6.2 Disadvantages:

i. Require high initial investment capital for machineries and others

ii. Transportation of IBS to the site


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7.1.1.7 IBS application

IBS APPLICATION

Ground slab Ground beam Column

Staircase Beam Portal frame

Non- load bearing wall Load-bearing wall Slab

Architectural facade Roof truss Bleacher


183

7.1.2 IBS APPLICATION ON THE DESIGN OF PENDANG DISTRICT POLICE

HEADQUARTERS

This subchapter will explain the application of the studied IBS system to the proposed

structure system of Pendang District Police Headquarters.

7.1.2.1 Structure system

The building used precast post and beam system as the main structure system. It includes

the precast column and also the precast beam as shown in the figure below. Below figures

also explain in graphic the location of the column usage on the design:

Figure 101: type of precast column use in the system


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Figure 102: floor slab system on the design

Meanwhile the floor slab uses the hollow core slab for flooring system. The detail of the

module is explained in the figure above.

Figure 103: connection method between structure components

The above figure shows the process of connecting the structure components. It is the

connection process between the beam and column.


185

7.2 UAC application on the design

Figure 104: dry wall that use UAC system

The above figure shows the application of the dry wall on the internal part and

external part of the building. The system applied is the UCO solidwall system that been

introduced by the UAC company.


186

Beside, the UAC product is applied on most of the building from the façade till up to

the roofing system. In detail, all of the construction system shown in the figure below:

Figure 105: creative application of the UAC product on the structure and building facade


187

7.3 BUILDING SERVICES

In detail, this chapter will explain the overall building services from the ventilation system,

mechanical system, fire requirement, water supply system, electrical system, and lastly the

telecommunication system.

7.3.1 VENTILATION SYSTEM

There are two types of ventilation system applied in the building which is the passive

ventilation system and also the active ventilation system.

7.3.1.1 Passive ventilation system

The passive ventilation system means the building is depending on the natural ventilation, the

opening and also the external wind movement that available on the site to ventilate the spaces

inside the building.

7.3.1.2 Active ventilation system

Meanwhile the active ventilation system is using the centralized air-conditioning system.

To put in the consideration, the system needs some spaces to operate such as plant room,

condenser water pump, chilled water pump, package chiller, chilled water tank, cooling

tower, and AHU (air handling unit).

7.3.1.3 Chiller and cooling tower

Figure 106: location of chiller and cooling tower

The location of the chiller and cooling tower is shown in the figure above. The location is

chosen because of the security purposes, the selected area is the area for the services for the

whole building. The location is also chosen because of the consideration on the noise level


188

produces by those services and also the consideration on the weight of each of the

components.

Figure 107: Centralized Air -conditioning system

The above figure shows the application and the location of each of the components of the air

conditioning system applied in the building. The system will ensure the workability of the

active ventilation system in the building.

7.3.2 MECHANICAL SYSTEM

7.3.2.1 Vertical transportation

The vertical transportation system applied in the building. There are two lifts located in the

building to transfer people from the ground floor to the upper floor. The first lift is specific

for the police use meanwhile the other one is function to give access to the detainees from the

Blackmaria to the lockup area.

Figure 108: vertical transportation system


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7.3.3 FIRE REQUIREMENT

7.3.3.1 Guideline for firefighting system

The implementation of the fire fighting system in the building construction is based on

the Uniform Building By-Law 1984 (UBBL). Information of the design of Pendang

district police headquarters base on the UBBL:

i. The building falls under the categories of Office building.

ii. It is stated in the UBBL, seventh schedule page 147 that the maximum travel distance

for office building is 45 meters unsprinkled and 60 meters sprinkled.

Figure 109: fire escape diagram for the proposed Pendang District police headquarters

The above figures show the fire escape strategies for the building which covers all part of the

building. The differences of fire escape of this building with the other building are on the

Standard operation procedure of the evacuation process for the detainees that need special

flows. The flow is explained below:


190

Figure 110: detainees flow on fire escape

From the above figure, it shows the differences between two flows which the old and new

one. The new flow will use gated assembly area which located next to the ramp in order to

provide secured area for the detainees.

7.3.3.2 Firefighting system

It is stated in the UBBL the fire requirement for the building is only Hose reel ( G) manual

alarm system ( 2) and also single point unit type of illumination (a) .

Figure 111: fire fighting system (hose reel)


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Figure 112: hose reel radius on the floor plan

7.3.3.2.1 Calculation of hose reel

First hose reel : 600 gallon

Additional hose reel : 300 gallon

The pipe ranging 30m in radius

Maximum gallon for each systems is 900 gallon

The calculation involved for Paralympic Excellence Centre:

Ground floor : 9 hose reels

First floor : 5 hose reels

Second floor : 5 hose reels

Total : 19 hose reels

Total capacity of water : 600 + [18 x 300]

: 6000 gallon

1 tank module [1.2 x 1.2 x 1.2] : 400 gallons

no's of tanks : 6000 gal / 400 gal

Required : 14 tanks

Provided : 14 tanks.


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7.3.4 WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

The subchapter will explain in detail on the water supply system which covers the application

of the system and the calculation of the water tank needed.

Figure 113: water supply system on the building

The above figure shows the system applied for the water on the building. The pump room and

water tank is located at the service area on the building and pumped to the upper floor which

designed on the front and the back of the building. Then, the water will be distributed to the

needed spaces such as the toilet and so on. This planning is function to gives good

distribution of water in the building.

The main water is tapped from the elevated water tank because this district police

headquarters use its own elevated water tank not for admin but also for the residential.


193

7.3.4.1 Calculation for quantity of water needed

In order to accommodate 400 gallon of water, standard module of water tank is use,

particularly 1.2 x 1.2 x 1.2. Furthermore, to ensure easy maintenance, durability and safety,

the domestic water tank is located at the roof height.

Calculation for quantity of water needed is based on the number of:

Basin : 20 gallon / unit

Sink : 20 gallon / unit

Tap : 20 gallon / unit

Water closet : 40 gallon / unit

Urinal : 40 gallon / unit

Table 38: calculation of water

T

1

T

2

T

3

T

4

T

5

T

6

T

7

T

8

T

9

T1

0

T1

1

T1

2

KITCH

EN

LOCK

UP

Total

Basi

n

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 3=60gal

Sin

k

3 3 3 3 3 3 0 3 3 0 0 0 3 0 27=540g

al

WC 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 5 5 4 4 4 0 20 63=2520

gal

Tap 5 5 5 5 5 5 3 5 5 4 4 4 3 20 78=1560

gal

TOTAL FOR GROUND FLOOR WATER USAGE 4680gal


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GROUND FLOOR 4680gal

FIRST FLOOR 916gal SECOND FLOOR 1540gal TOTAL FLOOR PLAN 7136gal

T1 T2 T3 (

NARCOTIC)

FORENSIC

LAB

Total

Basin 0 0 0 0 0=0gal

Sink 4 2 3 2 11=220gal

WC 6 2 3 0 11=440gal

Tap 6 2 5 0 13=256gal

TOTAL FOR FIRST FLOOR WATER USAGE 916gal

T1 T2 T3 (

NARCOTIC)

KPD OFFICE Total

Basin 0 0 0 0 0=0gal

Sink 4 4 4 2 14=280gal

WC 6 7 6 2 21=840gal

Tap 6 7 6 2 21=420gal

TOTAL FOR SECOND FLOOR WATER USAGE 1540gal


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7.3.5 WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

Figure 114: electrical supply system

The above figure shows the electrical supply system for the pendang district police

headquarters. the electrical flows start from the TNB substation which located at the separate

building and channeled to the MSB ( Main switch board ) located at the services area ( the

purple box) and then goes t the SSB and then will directly transfer to the DB ( distribution

board ) on each of the wing. Most of the DB is located at the staircase (services area) on each

of the wing in order to give easiness on the services process.

7.3.6 TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM

The telephone services will be supplied by the Telekom Malaysia Berhad. The

telecommunication will be started from the Telekom main line and will be connecting to the

system applied in the building. The system are as listed below :

i) Main Distribution frame ( MDF)

ii) Private branch Exchange (PABX)


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The system is located at the end of the wing next to the Traffic division to ease the services

process. The Main Distribution Frame (MDF) will be distribute and divide into direct line

and internal line. The direct line will be used for the main area such as the administration

office.

The internal lines will pass through Private Branch Exchange (PABX) room, which will used

for the operator control line at the main reception counter. The private Branch Exchange

(PABX) shall house a sealed battery to maintain its operation for at least 8hours in the power

failure mode.

7.3.6.1 Public Addresses System

The main control of the PA system is located at the building control room where the main

fire protection panel is installed. The function of the public address sytem is for emergency

announcement, building evacuation purposes, and public announcement.

For the communication between the fire control room and the staircase landing and other

strategic point, fireman intercom system shall be provided. It will be indicated by the Bomba.

7.3.7 Control room

The control room is located at the ground floor on the front part of the entrance. The room is

facilitated with the main control panel of the Building Automation system (BAS). The

Building Automation System (BAS) is using main computer frame to control:

i) Fire fighting system and fire alarm system

ii) Electrical power

iii) Security and surveillance

7.4 SUMMARY

This chapter consists of all the building services detail that applied in the building. It

consists of the structure system, ventilation, electrical power supply, water supply, fire

protection system and telecommunication system. The next chapter will be the special

study.


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CHAPTER 8

SPECIAL STUDY

8.0 INTRODUCTION

This chapter will explain on the detail of the selected special study which is on the Public

flow /circulation on the District police headquarters. the study includes the process of

identification of the activity, analysis of the flow, identification of the problem, and lastly the

solution of the problem

8.1 General idea of special study

This chapter is meant to explain about the special study on two different aspects

which are about the public flows on the District police headquarters that will help designers

on the rearrangement of the zoning for the district police headquarters soon. This special

study will help the research on the safety and security which is the most crucial issues on the

design research.

Factors that reduce the safety and security on the zoning of district police

headquarters will be explained and the solution through the design will be recommended

through the graphic, measures, and comparison of several data.

8.2 Background study

The safety and security issue is one of the most crucial aspects that need to focus and

need to be tackled in any of the district police headquarters building. The design of the

district police headquarters must provide the optimum security level because the building is

categorized as one of the safety building. Some of the elements in the police headquarters

such as the lockup area, communication department, bunker, and other crucial places must be

designed to be high in security. Thus, this study on the zoning will help to increase the level

not for the crucial spaces but for the overall building program. The study on the district police

headquarters zoning and the revision of the space to suit with the zoning for this research are

using the flow as described below:


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Figure 115: flows of the research on special study

Table 42: details of the processes

No IDENTIFYING EXISTING

ACTIVITIES AT

DISTRICT POLICE

HEADQUARTERS

The district police headquarters is the place for public to

do report about any case happen to them from the small

crime until the complicated one. Not only that, there are

lot more activities happen inside the police headquarters.

Because of that, all of the activities are identified by

interview, internet research and also the observation at the

district police headquarters.

ANALYZING THE

FLOW PATTERN AND THE

RELATED

SPACES INVOLVED

The study on the available plan is being conducted after

the activities are being identified. By this process, we will

know the exact pattern of the flow through graphic and

the problem can be analyzed. The spaces that are required

to be changed are identified and this will help the next

process.

IDENTIFYING

THE PROBLEM

The existed problems are identified and will be validated

at this stage. This is done by referring to the existing

district police headquarters plan. The study use IPD (ibu

pejabat Polis Daerah) Manjung as reference and guide.

REVISE FLOW This level is function to explain how we can reconfigure

identifying existing activities for users

and officers at district police headquarters

analyzing the flow pattern and the

related space

identifying the problem

revise flow pattern


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PATTERN

the flow pattern/zoning on the district police headquarters

and how we can adapt the new police zoning and flow to

the proposed design by the researcher.

8.3 IDENTIFYING EXISTING ACTIVITIES AT THE DISTRICT POLICE

HEADQUARTERS

The activities will only focus on the public activities at the district

police headquarters and the crucial activities related to the police officers that involves

public. The list of the existed activities is done by the interview, observation, and plan study.

The study will only focus on the circulation of the public on the district police headquarters

building.

Figure 116: list of activities found on the District Police Headquarters

PUBLIC ACTIVITIES

CASES RELATED

CASE REPORT

PERMISSION REQUEST

INVESTIGATION

DETAINEES VISITING

PUBLIC RELATION(PR)

RELATED

STUDY PURPOSE

AUDIT

MEDIA

LAWYER

CRIMINAL

ARRESTED

OTHERS

NATURAL DISASTER

COMMUNITY REASON


200

(Sources: case study, observation and interview with the police officers)

8.3.1 Public Activities

The public activities are divided into three major group which are the case related, Public

relation (PR) related and other activities. These groups are explained below:

8.3.1.1 Case related

This group is meant for the activities that involves on the major function of the police

headquarters which is solving all issues about the cases related to the public. It covers from

the police report, request for permission for certain event and weapon registration,

investigation, and OKT visiting the family members at the lockup.

8.3.1.1.1 Police report

Figure 117: figure shows the example of police report activity

(Source: Google)

Police report process is already explained in the report flow. It involves the major

flow for the district police headquarters. The flow will be different depending on the type

of cases as shown in the graphic.

8.3.1.1.2 Request for permission/permit/license

There are a lot of activities involves in the permission request which related to the public.

List of the request pattern are shown in the table below:


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Table 43: list of available activities related to permission

(source: Royal Malaysia Police )

Bil Jenis Permohonan

1. Permohonan Lesen Magazin Menyimpan Atau Menyimpan Dan Berniaga

Bahan Letupan.

2. Permohonan Pertukaran Nama Pelesen Atau Nama Syarikat Magazin

Menyimpan atau Menyimpan Dan Berniaga Bahan Letupan.

3. Permohonan Penambahan Stok Atau Pengurangan Stok Simpanan Bahan

Letupan Dalam Magazin Menyimpan Atau Menyimpan Dan Berniaga Bahan

Letupan.

4. Permohonan Pembatalan Lesen Magazin Menyimpan Atau Menyimpan Dan

Berniaga Bahan letupan.

5. Permohonan Penarikan Balik Lesen Magazin Menyimpan Atau Menyimpan

Dan Berniaga Bahan Letupan.

6. Permohonan Pembaharuan Lesen Magazin Menyimpan Atau Menyimpan Dan

Berniaga Bahan Letupan.

7. Permohonan Lesen Mengimport Bahan Letupan Atau 'Air Bag' Secara

'Completely Knocked Down' (CKD).

8. Permohonan Mengimport 'Air Bag' Secara 'Completely Built Up' (CBU).

9. Permohonan Lesen Mengimport Bunga Api Dan Mengadakan Pertunjukan

'Theatrical Pyrotechnic Effect' (TPE).

10. Permohonan Mengimport Siren Alarm Atau 'Auto Taser Untouchable Car

Security'.

11. Permohonan Permit Mengimport Membeli /Memakai/Memiliki Baju Kalis

Peluru.

12. Permohonan Permit Mengilang Bagi Membuat Dan Menjual Baju Kalis Peluru.

13. Permohonan Lesen Pungutan Rumah Ke Rumah Dan Di Jalan Bagi Satu

Negeri Di Semenanjung Malaysia.

14. Permohonan Lesen Pungutan Rumah Ke Rumah Dan Di Jalan Lebih Dari Satu

Negeri Di Semenanjung Malaysia.


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Bil Jenis Permohonan

15. Permohonan Permit Berniaga Peralatan Dan Pakaian Seragam Polis.

16. Permohonan Lesen Peniaga Sekendhend.

17. Permohonan Pembaharuan Permit Mengimport/Membeli/Memakai/Memiliki

Baju Kalis Peluru; Permit Berniaga Peralatan Dan Pakaian Seragam Polis;

Lesen Peniaga Sekendhend.

18. Permohonan Lesen Perarakan; Lesen Perhimpunan Dan Mesyuarat; Dan Lesen

Tarian Singa.

19. Ulasan PDRM Kepada Jabatan Lain Sebelum Lesen Dikeluarkan Oleh Jabatan

Berkenaan.

20. Rayuan Permohonan Lesen Untuk Mengadakan Perarakan,

Perhimpunan/Perjumpaan Dan Mesyuarat Tarian Singa.

The above list is the overall request for permission that can be done and available at

district police headquarters all around Malaysia.

8.3.1.1.3 Investigation

The investigation can be divided into three different groups which are:

i.Investigation (soal siasat) after report to get detail on the case for report

purpose and for the warrant.

ii.Investigation (soal siasat) for evidence, ( rakaman perbualan) or for follow-

up cases.

8.3.1.1.4 Detainees visiting

The visiting is meant only for family of the detainees. The detainees inside the lockup can

be visited by the family for bailing and other function.


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8.3.2 PUBLIC RELATION (PR) RELATED

Public relation related (PR) means the activity which not involves the common

people. It can be activities related to the cases but not meant for normal civilian. It covers up

from the students, lawyer, media, government agencies, audit and so on. These groups are

explained below:

8.3.2.1 Study purposes

The study purpose is normally meant for student who wants to do their paper on

anything related to the police headquarters from the case happen in the police headquarters

until the building planning depending on the level of the study

8.3.2.2 Audit or visit from the other agencies

It involves person/groups of other agencies for the specific purpose such as audit

and visit .for an example, KDN (Kementerian Dalam Negeri ) agencies will make an

audit on each of the years.

8.3.2.3 Media

Media are the group of people who visit the police headquarters for the interview, and

other related media purposes. The interview and conference will be conducted depending on

the cases at the district police headquarters.

8.3.2.4 Lawyer

The lawyer will come to the police headquarters for the evidence collection, the

detainees‟ issues and also the clients issue depending on the cases.

8.3.3 CRIMINAL

The public who arrested (OKT) will be taken to any district police headquarters to

the investigation for the crime they commit. This type of users is still consider as public but

categorized in their own group.

8.3.4 OTHERS

8.3.4.1 Natural disaster

The district police headquarters will be the point for safety place when there is natural

disaster. It can be safe point for assembly point and also the place to do report on any lost of

properties and so on.


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8.3.4.2 Community Reason

Figure 118: figures show public use community hall inside police headquarters to do wedding ceremony

(Source: Google)

From the observation and from the researcher‟s experience, public will come to the

district police headquarters for community reason. For an example, the people around police

headquarters always use district police headquarters hall as place for wedding ceremony and

other function related to the public. There are a lot of activities involves with the public on

the community issue thus the there are reasons for the community to come to the district

police headquarters.


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8.4 ANALYZING THE FLOW PATTERN AND RELATED SPACE INVOLVED

At this stage, the pattern flow for public are analyzed base on the case study at

Gombak District Police headquarters and Kuala Muda District Police Headquarters. From

these case studies, it found out the similar pattern on the public circulation which actually

affected by the police standard service procedures. The procedures and spaces involved are

explained below:

Figure 119: public standard procedures

The basic diagram above is function to show the general idea how police set the standard

service operation for the public starting from the ground floor to the upper floor depending on

the user‟s reason to go to the police headquarters.

From the first diagram, it shows the pattern of the police headquarters without the one

stop centre. People need to register at the ground floor and will be investigated by the

investigation officers ( IO) at the police station base on their case and then if they want to do

LEGEND PUBLIC ONE STOP CENTER POLICE FLOW


206

the follow up case they must go up and see the police officers in-charge at the upper level

base on the departments involved.

From the second (2) diagrams, it shows the flow pattern of police service procedure

with the one stop centre. The stop centre is only function to entertain any cases for the police

station and the traffic but not for the further investigation and record by the departments at

the upper floor. Thus, people still need to go upstairs to see the officer‟s in charge for their

case if they are called for the further investigation.

8.4.1 Case related activities

Figure 120: summary in diagram for the case related activities flow

For the public case related activities, it shows that public can access from the ground floor

until the upper floor depending on the location of each of the related space provided to

entertain the public on what they want. The first example of the flow that requires public to

go upstairs is on the case report. Below is the detail of the case report flow:


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Figure 121: report process

The other obvious example is to get the permission for licenses which must be done at the

upper level of the police headquarters. This activity will bring public to the upper floor thus

will reducing the security level.

8.4.2 Public relation (PR) related activities

Figure 122: summary in diagram for the public relation (PR) related activities flow

The above diagram shows the activities‟ flow for the public relation (PR) related activities.

The flows covers up from the study purposes, audit/agencies visit,media and lawyer flow

pattern. From the diagram, we can see that there are several groups of people can access the

FURTHER INVESTIGATION

investigation room/interogation room/officers room upstairs

INVESTIGATION ( FOR CASE DETAIL COLLECTION)

investigation room at police station

FIRST INFORMATION REPORT (FIR)

reception /report counter


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upper floor. Thus, the level of security for the district police headquarters is reduced. This is

not a good example in designing the zoning.

8.4.3 Criminal activities

Figure 123: summary in diagram for the criminal activities flow

The flow of the criminal (detainees) is shown in the diagram above. The OKT (orang

kena tahan) will be bringing into the district police headquarters by using Blackmaria (police

transport for detainees). The detainees will be locked in the lockup for further investigation

depending on the type of cases that he accused. The detainees will soon be interrogated by

the officers either in the interrogation room inside the lockup or on the upper floor. Sometime

they have to go upstairs to the narcotic departments to do the urinal test. In certain cases, the

investigation will be on the upper floor depending on the cases.

The other activities about the detainees are they can be visited by their family members

and request for the lawyer for any cases that they accused. Because of that, the detainees can

only see those parties (family and lawyer) only in specific room called visiting room and

lawyer room).


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8.4.4 Other activities

Figure 124: summary in diagram for the other activities flow

The above diagram shows the activities that can be possibly happen in the district police

headquarters area. The possible activities are related to the natural disaster where all victims

will be located at the district police headquarters as assembly point. The other possible

activities which normally can be seen in most of the district police headquarters which

involves community where they will use facilities provided by the police such as community

hall, football field, cafeteria, musolla and so on to be the place they do the ceremony and

functions. For an example, the community around police headquarters always use police

multipurpose hall to do their wedding ceremony. These activities will bring lots of people and

will reducing the security level if the designers not really emphasizing on the zoning for the

district police headquarters design.

8.4.5 Summary

From all of the above diagrams, we can summarize that some of the public flow pattern

are not only happen at the ground floor but can possibly be at the upper floor depending on

the police procedure especially for the report and investigation process.


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The activities and spaces involved are summarized in table below:

Table 44: summary of activities

CASE RELATED

NO ACTIVITIES SPACES PUBLI

C

SEMI

PUBLI

C

SEMI

PRIVAT

E

PRIVAT

E

1 Case report Main

reception

Police/traffic

reception

counter

Investigation

room at police

station

( for case

detail)

Investigation

room at

related

department(fo

r case exhibit

(verbal)

/follow

up/further

investigation)

2 Permission/reques

t licenses

Main

reception

KPD (ketua

polis daerah

)room

( for special


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permission)

Weapon

license

counter (

administration

department)

NO ACTIVITIES SPACES PUBLI

C

SEMI

PUBLI

C

SEMI

PRIVAT

E

PRIVAT

E

3 Investigation Main

reception

Investigation

room at police

station

( for case

detail)

4 Family visiting (

OKT)

Main

reception

Police station

reception

counter

Visiting room

PUBLIC RELATION (PR) RELATED

N

O

ACTIVITIES SPACES PUBLI

C

SEMI

PUBLI

C

SEMI

PRIVAT

E

PRIVAT

E

1 STUDY Main


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PURPOSES reception

Management

department

for approval/

Bahagian hal

ehwal awam

(public

relation unit)

Any

room/spaces

depending on

the study

content

2 AUDIT/AGENCIE

S UNIT

Main

reception

Any

room/spaces

depending on

the audit/visit

content

3 MEDIA Main

reception

Police station

reception

counter

Police station

briefing

room/meetin

g room


213

4 LAWYER Main

reception

Police station

reception

counter

Lawyers

room at

lockup

department

Courts

department at

upper floor


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8.5 REVISE FLOW PATTERN ( new building program)

Figure 125: new building program as the result for the revised public flows on the building

8.6 SUMMARY

The chapters explain the process of the special study which study on the public flow pattern

on the district police headquarters. The study includes the process of identification of the

activity, analysis of the flow, identification of the problem, and lastly the solution of the

problem. The result of the special study helps designers improving the safety and security

issues. The next chapter will be the building technology and landscape design.


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CHAPTER 9

BUILDING TECHNOLOGY AND LANDSCAPE DESIGN

9.0 INTRODUCTION

This chapter will elaborate in detail on the new building technology applied in the

building and also the landscape design applied in the planning of the Pendang District Police

Headquarters.

9.1 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

The new building technology used in the Pendang District Police Headquarters is function

to give impact on the issues that want to be solved. One of the problem that can be found in

the police headquarters that might lead to the main issue which is the safety and security is

the privacy problem. The privacy means the way designers design the spaces that gives views

for the police officers and for the public.

9.1.1 SMART GLASS

Smart glass, E-Glass, or switchable glass, also called smart windows or switchable

windows in its application to windows or skylights, refers to electrically

switchable glass or glazing which changes light transmission properties when voltage is

applied. Certain types of smart glass can allow users to control the amount

of light and heat passing through: with the press of a button, it changes

from transparent to translucent, partially blocking light while maintaining a clear view of

what lies behind the window. Another type of smart glass can provide privacy at the turn of a

switch.

Certain types of smart glass can allow users to control the amount of light and heat passing

through: with the press of a button, it changes from transparent to translucent, partially

blocking light while maintaining a clear view of what lies behind the window. Another type

of smart glass can provide privacy at the turn of a switch.


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Figure 126: Shows the application of smartglass and how the smartglass work

(Source: Google image)

9.1.2 Application of smart glass in the building

Figure 127: application of smart glass on the building

The above figure shows the application of the smart glass on the building. The selected

building area that suitable to be used is the Investigation area (Phase 2) report area that needs

privacy. The high privacy level is required in this area because most of the report are meant

to be highly private and confidential.


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Meanwhile the spaces will be occupied permanently by the police officers and they also need

option either to be open or private. By having the smart glass in the design, it gives options to

the officers to control the level of privacy while not in/in the report processes.

9.2 LANDSCAPE DESIGN

The idea on the landscape design for the Pendang District Police Headquarters is to have

a very strict design or in other word the formal landscape design to show the formality of the

police organization. The strategy is by using the plants that can gives formality perception.

9.2.1 Formality in landscape design

Most of the landscape design will use typical straight line (edges) and curvilinear to show

formality in the design of the landscape.

Some of the formal gardens include trees that are thin and pointed. Columnar evergreens can

be used as a wall or screen and be clipped into a five or six foot hedge. Many Cypress trees

present in a columnar shape and add some small cones to the lands cape. There are several

varieties of apples and other fruits that grow on small thin trees. Trees can be planted in the

ground or in large containers in a formal garden. Topiary specimens are grown from

evergreen shrubs or other plants trained into different shapes. Shapes can differ and be oval,

cone shape, round, rectangular and other geometric shapes

Figure 128: example of the application of plants to show formality


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9.2.2 Application of formality in the Pendang district police headquarters landscape

design

Figure 129: application of palm tree and topiary

Figure 130: application of Palm tree (Washingtonian spp) at the design of landscape


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Figure 131: perspectives shows the actual design for the Pendang District police headquarters

9.3 SUMMARY

The chapter covers the building technology and also the landscape design for the Pendang

District Police Headquarters. The next chapter will explain on the cost estimation for

Pendang District Police Headquarters.


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CHAPTER 10

ELEMENTAL COST ANALYSIS

10.0 INTRODUCTION

The chapter will explain on the elemental cost analysis on the pendang District Police

Headquarters. The cost will cover the whole project cost.

10.1 Budget

The estimated budget for this district police headquarters is at RM 20.00 million. The cost

is meant for starting of the project until the end of the project.

Table 45: ECA for Pendang district Police headquarters

COST PLAN

COST PLAN

GROSS FLOOR AREA :

227.66 11538

Total Cost

Cost per

m2 Percentage (%) of Element GFA

RM RM

1 Substructure

IA Work Below 1.635.410,00

141,7

4 Lowest Floor

Finish

Group Elemental 1.635.410,00 141,7

4 13,62

Total

2 Superstructure

2A Frame 2.555.416,00

221,4

8 2B Upper Floors 782.037,00 67,78

2C Roof 2.460.059,00 213,2

1

2D Stairs 211.841,00 18,36 2E External Walls 467.049,00 40,48

2F Windows and 454.235,00 39,37 External Doors

2G Internal Walls 887.029,00 76,88 and Partitions

2H Internal Doors 282.106,00 24,45


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Group Element 8.099.772,00

702,0

1 67,44

Total

3 Finishes

3A Internal Wall 580.867,00 50,34 Finishes

3B Internal Floor 579.698,00 50,24 Finishes

3C Internal Ceiling 322.573,70 27,96

Finishes

3D External 384.544,00 33,33

Finishes

Group Element 1.867.682,70

161,8

7 15,55

Total

4 Fittings and Furnishing

4A Ironmongeries 111.674,00 9,68

4B Sanitary fittings 131.421,00 11,39

Group Element Total 243.095,00

21,07 2,02

5 Services

5A Sanitary Appliances 163.994,00

14,21

Group element Total 163.994,00 14,21 1,37

100,00

Total (less 12.009.953,70 1.040,90

contingencies)

10.2 SUMMARY

The total amount for the Pendang district police

headquarters is RM 18,255,126 which is not exceeding

the budget.

The estimation is base on the comparison of the BQ (bill

of quantity) with the Proposed Yan District police

Headquarters (2010). It is a project done by the

government for one of the district in Kedah at year 2010.


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CHAPTER 11

CONCLUSION

11.0 CONCLUSION

This design thesis is a proposal for Pendang District Police Headquarters, a police

headquarters for Pendang, Kedah Darul Aman. A government project to complete the ninth

Malaysian Planning. It is a potential project to improve the police building specifically on

the district level and generally to improve the performance of the police to the fullest.

The literature reviews functions in order to gives a general idea on the project for the

Police organization from the history up to the police organization in detail. Meanwhile the

case studies and precedence studies functions to gives idea on the current status of the

Malaysia district police headquarters compared to the international level. This study is

important to analyze the problem on the police headquarters thus improving it at the design

stage.

The site analysis is function to give data on the current situation of the proposed site

from the legal information up till the cultural factors. The study helps designer to design

better district police headquarters that reflecting the nature and surrounding.

The design brief and design development shows the process of the design from the starting up

to the final scheme of the design. The designer‟s idea and application of the idea are

explained in the graphic and table.

Meanwhile the building system explained about the building structure system used in

the building and the topic also explained about the services applied in the building. The topic

consist of the structure system, ventilation, electrical power supply, water supply, fire

protection system and telecommunication system

The building technology and landscape design explain about the latest technology

applied in the building which is the Smart glass and also the formality in the landscape

design. Lastly, the cost estimation that uses ECA (economic cost analysis) is function to

predict the cost for the proposed Pendang District Police headquarters.

As a result, the thesis will become the role model in designing new district police

headquarters afterward. It will improve the safety and security, the future expansion and

lastly will improve the building image for the new design of police headquarters soon.


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final report betul

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