final project nawazish

IMRAN KHAN AS A PRIME MINISTER OF PAKISTAN WHAT COULD BE THE CONSEQUENCES

RESEARCH PROJECT

Submitted to

Mr. Bakre Najimdeen

Submitted by

Syed Nawazish Ali

REGISTRATION NO

1443-313003

DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONSPRESTON UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD CAMPUS,

ISLAMABADJune 16, 2015

CERTIFICATE

It is certified that the research project titled “Imran Khan as a Prime

Minister of Pakistan what could be the consequences” prepared by Syed

Nawazish Ali, Registration No. 1443-313003 has been approved for

submission to Preston University, Islamabad Campus, Islamabad.

BAKRE NAJIMDEENResearch Project Supervisor

DEDICATION

This piece of work is dedicated to my parents and my love.

Acknowledgement

Our great reverence and humble thanks to Almighty Allah who

bestowed upon me enough dynamism and support to work and to finish task.

Who through his divine book always motivates us to get his unlimited grace

and who has bestowed us the most powerful thing in his world, the brain and

enabled us to complete his project. All the respect and love to our beloved

Holy Prophet Mohammad (P.B.U.H), who after a lot of hardship and

difficulties made us able to recognize our Allah and to distinguish Virtue

and evil.

It would be sacrilege not to acknowledge tremendously valuable effort

of our teachers whom have passed on their knowledge, wisdom and

experience through the past years which built us to the men we are today.

Syed Nawazish AliStudent of M.Sc (International Relations)

Registration No. 1443-313003Preston University, Islamabad Campus,

Islamabad

Table of contents

Chapter 1:

1.1. Statement of Problem

1.2. Research Hypothesis

1.3. Research Question

1.4. Research Methodology

1.5. Objective of the Study

1.6. Research Significance

1.7. Literature Review

Chapter 2:

2.1 Pakistan between Democratization and Military Rule

2.2 Pakistan between Presidential and Primeministerial system

2.3 Liberalism and Religion

2.4 Party system in Pakistan

2.5 Political leaders of political Parties

QuestionnaireTheoretical FrameworkFrequency StatisticConclusionBibliography

Imran Khan as a Prime Minister of Pakistan what could be the consequences

Statement of problem

Imran Khan does not need Pakistan or its top job for personal enrichment or popularity.

Imran Khan has been blessed with more wealth and fame than most could ask for. On the

other hand, nearly every other Pakistani leader has used government positions to plunder

the nation's limited resources. All other major parties have had their shot. Nawaz Sharif is

kicking and screaming about how he can fix everything if only he had one more chance.

Not only did Nawaz squander previous opportunities and large mandates to “fix

Pakistan”, he actually joined hands with the last plunderer Asif Ali Zardari in a unity

government that effectively destroyed Pakistan over the last 5 years with anti-incumbent

sentiment running high as voters blame the country’s two largest parties for the ugly

status quo. The two major parties are seen by many as having been tried, tested, and

failed. Each has had two previous shots at running the country since 1988. You would

have to dig deep to find a leader in Pakistan's checkered history whose sincerity cannot

be questioned, or who did not enrich him/herself while in government. Pakistan's politics

is especially dirty, yet the minions of other parties have not been able to find a single area

in which Imran Khan cheated others financially or acquired fund illegally. Our Political

system had been captured by political dynasty but the scenario got entered into a new

phase of awareness.

Pakistan’s political class began to take Pakistan Tehreek-e-Inssaf (PTI) seriously last fall

as the party organized a series of large rallies in Punjab and after that many successful

Jalsaa’s held by PTI in the core cities of Pakistan with the large participation of public.

The Azadi march of 120 days was a smartly choreographed and nationally televised

spectacle, featuring religious conservatives, students from the city’s elite schools,

colleges, universities and well-to-do house-wives. Azadi march was the awareness to call

for the peoples of Pakistan to stand up for their own rights that had been snatched by the

status quo. As we have seen the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Inssaf gave the chance to the

educated youth to participate in politics. The Pakistan Tehreek-e-Inssaf made the history

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by having the large participation of woman’s in the Azadi march and also the old citizens

who are also in the favor of Imran khan to be the next Prime Minister of Pakistan as hope

for the good future of Pakistan. PTI has developed a five pillar Emergency Reforms

Program to address the critical challenges facing by Pakistan today and break free from

the vicious cycle of low growth, high inflation and rising poverty, Energy reforms,

Expenditure reforms, Tax reforms, Institutional reforms, Education and Health reforms.

The poverty has been increasing in the country due to rising corruption and the only

solution to control inflation in the country is to eliminate corruption and to take action

against those involved in corrupt practices. The economy of the country will be increased

by recovering public money from foreign countries which some corrupt leaders has kept

in off-shore accounts there, such step would definitely be taken by PTI because it had

been direct link with inflation and poverty.1

The PTI economic policy envisages an indigenous investment and trade driven growth

strategy for sustaining a welfare state. PTI targets to ramp up investment spending to

21.4% of GDP by 2018 after collapsing to 12.4% under PPP/ PML-N/ allies. Investment

will be ramped up by resolving the energy crisis and increasing credit access to private

sector credit by reducing crowding out by large government borrowings, and bringing

down the interest rates. PTI will place special emphasis on inviting overseas Pakistani’s

to invest in Pakistan. To facilitate the massive infrastructure investments which will be

required a specialized Infrastructure financing institution will be set up.2

PTI Chairman Imran Khan said that the country will no longer be in need of any foreign

aid if voted to power as the main focus of the PTI would be on human development and

to eradicate corruption from the country. The poor law and order situation had compelled

the investors to stop businesses in Pakistan.

1Asad Umar, “Money Matters,” The News, March 02, 2015. http://www.thenews.com.pk/newsmag/mag/detail_article.asp?id=5176&magId=102The Express Tribune, “PTI Economic Policy,” August 26, 2012. http://tribune.com.pk/story/426492/ptis-economic-policy/

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PTI will have to articulate its plans to increase government revenue and reduce federal

debt; salvage sinking government-owned corporations. Imran Khan opposed Pakistani

military operations in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas and warned to

government if once a war with the local tribes begins, the entire army will be stuck in the

tribal areas forever. The performance of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Inssaf in its province Khyber

Pakhtun Khawa is quite obvious to make up the minds of people to see the Imran Khan as

a Prime Minister of Pakistan.

Research Hypothesis

Imran Khan as a Prime Minister of Pakistan would definitely be able to resolve the core

problems such as social, political, economic issues, subvert war on terror, and improve

the image of Pakistan on international sphere.

Research questions

Q. 1 Would Imran Khan’s government capable enough to change the system or eventually over taken by the system?

Q.2 What are the reasons behind the Jalsa’s and Dharna of Imran Khan?

Q.3 What possibly domestic and external stumbling stones could impede Imran Khan’s goal of change?

Q.4 Is Imran Khan really serious about change or simply making political sounds?

Q.5 To what extent would Imran Khan’s government repair or further damage Pakistan Image internationally?

Research Methodology

The research will be employing both qualitative and quantitative methods, for the

qualitative available literature on the subject shall be consulted. For the quantitative, the

research will be sampling opinion from range of dwellers in Islamabad. The research will

be sampling opinion of 250 peoples.

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Objective of the Research

The purpose of this research is to analyses whether or not Imran Khan as a Prime

Minister would be able to change the system or become a part of the system.

Significance of the Study

This research will highlight the struggle of Imran Khan to change political system, social

life, change in economy system and create consciousness in people about the need for

changes.

Literature Review

Saleem (2015) argues that Imran Khan party motive for coming back to the parliament

was to take a firm stance against sending Pakistan army to Yemen soil for the sake of

aggression. Criticizing government decision to participate in US War on Terror in 2004,

Pakistan had suffered colossal losses, both in human resources and monetary terms and

expressed belief on not allowing such a military venture in the future. Vocalizing opinion

on the Yemen conflict, it was his party’s goal to make sure no backdoor deals were

conducted by government with Saudi Arabia to send troops, covertly or otherwise.3

Malik (2014) argue that best course of action for Imran Khan would be to immediately

return to the National Assembly to raise his voice against corruption, devote his energies

on improving governance in KPK and build his political bridges. Instead of beating the

dead horse over the issue of rigging, Imran Khan should play role of a strong opposition,

says a senior parliamentary leader from the opposition benches. Imran Khan can play the

role of a powerful opposition leader who can forcefully keep the government on the back

foot if his party acts as a bulwark against corruption.4

According to the News (2014) most of the Pakistani peoples strongly believe the present

election system is a main hurdle preventing Imran Khan from becoming the Prime

3 Kamran Saleem, “Imran Khan Defends Decision to Return to Parliament,” Dunya News, April 11, 2015. http://www.Dunya news.com/authors/3438/4 Maqbool Malik, “Imran Khan Can Stay Silent or Lose it All,” The Nation, December 29, 2014.http://nation.com.pk/editors-picks/29-Dec-2014/imran-khan-can-stay-silent-or-lose-it-all

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http://www.Dunya/

Minister of the country. The people do not want dictatorship as the alternative of

democracy, up till now the PML-N performance is not much good yet the public does not

see Imran Khan as savior of Pakistan.5

According to Customs Today (2014) Pakistan has losses equivalent to 2.1% of the GDP

due to dharna by Imran Khan. Pakistan achieved GDP growth of 4.1 percent during year

2013-14 which is the highest in seven years of economic and political uncertainty in the

country. The government has achieved strong fiscal consolidation despite challenges and

has contained fiscal deficit and ensured economic recovery by after years of recession.

The dharna of Imran Khan badly affected the economy of Pakistan.6

According to The News (2014) Imran Khan had been demanding the formation of a

three-member Judicial Commission (JC) till last month of July 2014 but this demand is

rejected by the Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif in his national address. Either demand the

resignations of the Prime Minister, he arguing that an independent inquiry is not possible

in his presence. He also blamed that Prime Minister is also involved in rigging. Instead,

the barrage of his criticism centered on former chief justice (CJ) Iftikhar Muhammad

Chaudhry, the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) and interim CM Punjab Najam

Sethi. However, he has not demanded the resignation of chief minister as doing so would

cost him the PTI government in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.7

Ahmed (2014) argues that Imran Khan entice the masses and instigate them to violate the

law and also to achieve their own interests and agenda. The promise of peaceful marche

and sit-in has not been kept. The dharna of Imran Khan negatively impact the internal and

external environment of Pakistan and also indication of violence in Islamabad. There is

no end in sight of the resolution of the political crises. Those in revolt against the

5 The News, “People Do Not Want Imran Khan As PM: Gallup,” August 9, 2014.https://www.google.com.pk/search?newwindow=1&site=&source=hp&q=Pakistan+governance+forum&oq=Pakistan+governance+forum. 6 Customs Today, “Impact of Imran, Sit-Ins on Economy,” October 17, 2014.http://customstoday.com.pk/impact-of-imran-qadri-sit-ins-on-economy/.7 The News, “Imran Rejects Commission he Himself Demanded Last Month: Pakistan Governance Forum,” August 11, 2014.https://www.google.com.pk/webhp?sourceid=chromeinstant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF8#q=impact%20of%20imran%20khan%20in%20international%20community%20pdf.

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government are infecting deliberately working on a plan to weaken the institutions of the

state and to challenge the writ and the sovereignty of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

They have damaged the image of Pakistan and are responsible for negatively affecting

the nation’s already fragile economy.8

Shah (2014) argues that although it is impossible to calculate the impact of Imran Khan’s

civil disobedience movement in presence of an alarming black or undocumented

economy. Imran Khan knows that the people of Pakistan having no knowledge about the

economy of Pakistan. He was trying to convince the peoples not to pay bills & taxes,

which play its role to disturb the government policies. The result of this movement could

be declining in working class incomes, job security, unemployment, weakening of the

national exchequer, immediate halt in on-going development, flight of capital, plunging

bourses, dried-up local and foreign investment, exports etc all of which can ultimately

combine to give birth to a vicious circle of poverty. He also says that Pakistani business

community not support the Imran Khan civil disobedience because even if a few of them

wish to side by PTI Chairman for one reason or the other, they cannot afford to take on

the state machinery by being rebellious.9

Malik (2014) argues that current political situation of Pakistan in the wake of dharna

tactics is bringing in a bad name for the country. She also criticizes the political regime of

Pakistan that everyone is trying to grab the power and no one is looking at the conditions

of Pakistan in international community. Pakistan has failed to reap the benefits of

Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) Plus Status yet, whereas the prevailing political

crisis may lead the country to wash its hands of the advantages in case of any political

setback. She also says Pakistan losses its economic achievements due to the non serious

behaviors of political parties since last decades.10

8 Iftikhar Ahmad, “Implications of the Protests,” The Nation, September 10, 2014.http://nation.com.pk/Columnist/iftikhar-ahmad.9 Sabir Shah, “Imran’s Civil Disobedience Plan and its Likely Economic Impact,” The News, August 18, 2014.http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-13-32283-Imrans-civil-disobedience-plan-and-its-likely-economic-impact10 Amna Malik,”Impact of Dharnas on Economy and Foreign Relations,”PT, October 25, 2014.

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Ahsan (2014) argues that Imran Khan alleging the spread of rigging in the last year

general elections. He says Imran Khan is refusing the budget on one key demand; the

permanent or temporary resignation of Prime Minister of Pakistan. There is a weight in

what PTI says about electoral fraud, reforms and corruptions. On the other hand he also

worried that these demands are dangerous for the precedent groups, militants and future

to press their own peculiar demands.11

Flamenbaum (2012) describe that Khan’s popularity with oft-politically marginalized

groups and his emphasis on improving government accountability are focusing other

political parties to shift their responsiveness in ways which reflect changing notions of

the responsibilities of the state to its citizens. This change indicates a continuing

maturation in Pakistan economy.12

Butt (2012) argues that whenever Khan will come to power as a Prime Minister, the

situation will not miraculously change. The electricity, gas, and water supplies, poverty

and corruption will continue to remain short for months. That time Khan will be able to

blame the previous governments for wrecking the system until his followers start to

question against him. The international oil prices may continue to rise along with the

inflation rate. If Khan decides to stick to his rhetoric, he will quickly develop differences

with the seniors of the security and bureaucratic establishment.13

Imam (2012) argues that the fundamental law making in KPK has been exemplary far

more than any other provinces of Pakistan. Three administrative steps could change the

fate of the province; Independence police separation of police from political party and

politicians, independent National Accountability Bureau (NAB) from ruling political

http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2014/10/25/comment/impact-of-dharnas-on-economy-and-foreign-relations/11 Aitzaz Ahsan, “Containing the Crisis,” News Week, September 13, 2014, 28.http://newsweekpakistan.com/containing-the-crisis/12Stephanie Flamenbaum, “The PTI and Pakistan’s Changing Political Landscape,” USIP, May 24, 2012.http://www.usip.org/publications/the-pti-and-pakistan-s-changing-political-landscape13 Samir Butt, “PTI Chairman will be the Next PM: New Face, Same Old Lines,” The Express Tribune, January 11, 2012.http://blogs.tribune.com.pk/story/9783/imran-khans-pti-new-face-same-old-lines.

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party and ruling politicians and electronic voting system holding local government

(Baldiati) elections and transferring resources and power to local body/lower level.14

Pande (2011) argues that Pakistan’s Foreign Minister Shah Mahmud Qureshi’s statement

was pretty much clear to understand the foreign policy that “we have very independent

relationship with the United States. If India gets closer to US it will not affect us because

we have been allies for 60 years, India is shifting its policy. Policy has been

consistence.” The statement of Mr. Qureshi is not much good because the newer ally

should not give much importance rather than the old companion. Double standard game

plan of Americans still there because on one side US is in need and wants our help to

destroy the militancy and terrorism on the other hand not pressurizing India to resolve the

Kashmir issue.15

Hassan (2010) argues that Imran Khan is the inspiration for the majority of Pakistani

youth and they want to see Imran Khan as the future Prime Minister of Pakistan. He says

Pakistan is passing through crucial time just because there is no law in the country. The

progress of Pakistan is relay on the revolution done by the new generation. He also says

that it is not easy to see him as a leader because he has a small party which cannot fight

against well entrenched corrupt peoples who take Pakistan as their hereditary country.16

Shahzad (2006) argues that Imran Khan intend to extend from their base in North

Waziristan to Afghanistan to fuel the resistance there against the US and its allies.

Similarly, the movement will spread to "mainland" Pakistan in an effort to topple the pro-

American government in Islamabad. Pakistan is a key component of the United States

"war on terror". This anti-government movement will need a leader. The jihadi hardcore

is looking for one who will be untainted and not hand-in-glove with the military

establishment. So far, a general consensus is emerging that international cricketer turned

14 Syed Haider Imam, “PTI KPK Government Achievements,” Siasat, October 9, 2012.http://www.siasat.pk/forum/register.php?s-cff8336c63e73eeabb34d3ab5fe370ed 15 Aparna Pande, Explaining Pakistan’s Foreign Policy: Escaping (India: Hudson Institute, 2011), 112-113.16 Atif Hassan, “Pakistan Icons of Hope,” The Voice, September 16, 2010.https://www.google.com.pk/?gws_rd=cr,ssl&ei=The+Voice+%22Pakistan+Icon+of+hope%22+September+16%2C+2010

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politician Imran Khan, head of the Pakistan Tehrik-i-Insaaf (Pakistan Justice Movement),

might be the man for the job. 17

Nugent et.al, (1997) discusses that starting of Imran Khan’s field work was very

impressed in every aspect, as a caption in a leadership manner a star and an object of

desire. On a social perspective his attainment of Cancer hospital is one of the examples of

his determination to work must be done. In this great cause international film stars and

entertainers also played an important role to assist him in a fund rising. His political

struggle is just to make the Pakistan strong on international sphere and also to make the

supremacy of rule of law in Pakistan to give relief the poor people’s by providing them

the basic rights. He wants to give awareness to the people that elite class of Pakistan will

always is in rule to demoralize the poor’s.18

17 Syed Saleem Shahzad, “Pakistan Battles the Forces Within,” Asian Times, March 7, 2006.http://www.atimes.com/atimes/South_Asia/HC07Df04.html.18 Stephen Nugent, Chris Shore, Anthropology and Culture Studies, (London: Pluto Press, 1997), 47-48.

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Brief History of Political system of Pakistan since 1947

Pakistan between Democratization and Military Rule

The history of Pakistan between democracy and military ruler is very crucial. Due to

inefficient leaders, self interest, everybody struggle to gain power and step by step

changes in the system i.e. (democracy through military ruler and military ruler through

democracy) these factors are responsible to destabilize the political system as well as the

image of Pakistan in international atmosphere. After independence there was a need of

making the constitution for Pakistan and the Government of India Act 1935 was brought

as a constituent scripture with certain modifications as Interim constitution of Pakistan

1947 until the new constitution was to be enforced.19

The first Prime Minister of Pakistan Mr. Liaquat Ali Khan was killed in cold blood by a

hired Afghan agent and Jinnah’s successor as Governor General, Khawaja Nazimuddin,

stepped down from that post to become Prime Minister.20 The new Governor General,

Ghulam Muhammad began almost immediately to exercise powers far in excess of those

given to Governor Generals in the other dominions where parliamentary government was

used and the Governor Generals had powers that were mainly ceremonial. Ghulam

Muhammad dismissed to the Nazimuddin without permitting him to test his right to

remain in office through a vote of confidence in the legislature.

The constitution was finalized in 1956 and the basic theme of this constitution was liberty

and equality. This constitution was parliamentary but the method of electing the

parliament could not be agreed upon because West Pakistani insisted on continuing the

separate electoral system and the East Pakistani’s wanted joint electorates system and no

election was ever held under the 1956 constitution. Due to inefficient performance of

parliamentarians the military dictator Commander in Chief, General Muhammad Ayub

19 Lubna Kanwal, and Massarrat Abid, “The Interim Constitution 1947: Centre-Province Relations and the Punjab 1947-1955,” Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences, vol. 32, no. 1 (2012), 123-135.http://www.bzu.edu.pk/PJSS/Vol32No12012/Final_PJSS-32-1-09.pdf20 Ahmed Akbar S, Pakistan Society, (Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1988).

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Khan take over the government in 1958 and imposed martial law to gained more

control.21

After passing a new presidential constitution in 1962 General Ayub Khan ruled until

1969 and forced to hand over the reins of power to another military dictator General

Muhammad Yahya Khan. In his tenure the protests led by Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto and his

newly founded democratic party (Pakistan People’s Party) against dictatorship. General

Yahya Khan presided over a disastrous military campaign in East Pakistan loss to India in

the war of 1971 but the martial law was lifted and a new constitution was promulgating in

1962. This constitution was democratic but in March 1969 the country plunged into yet

another constitutional and political crisis leading to imposition of martial law and the

constitution was abrogated. After the resignation of military dictator the Democratic

Party (Pakistan People’s Party) came into power and constitution of 1973 was passed

with major modifications remains the constitutional documents in Pakistan today. The

general elections were held in 1977 and there were serious allegations of rigging and

there was country wide street agitation which prompted the army to take over.

Assemblies were dissolved and government was dismissed but this time the constitution

was not abrogated but it was declared to be, held in abeyance. In this period the

constitutional deviation continued till 1985 when the constitution was revived and with

this came the 18th amendment in the constitution which was approved by the Parliament.

The prime legacy of the Zia era namely enhanced presidential powers and islamisation

measures, continued to haunt the nation’s political landscape for another decade.22

During his tenure the constitution was totally changed due to lots of amendments, some

of these brought in Islamic rules. He took a right to dismiss the Prime Minister without

the vote of confidence in the National Assembly. These powers he dismissed the Ministry

of Muhammad Khan Junejo in May 1988 and ordered new elections at the national and

provincial levels. Supreme Court of Pakistan overturned the rule that elections must be

held on a non party basis which was given by General Zia-Ul-Haq. At the end

21 Baxter Craig, Political Development in Pakistan, (Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2001).22 Malik Aziz, Pakistan’s Political Culture: Essays in Historical and Social Origins, (Lahore: Vanguard Books (Pvt) Ltd, 2001) 134-154.

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Presidential power to remove a Prime Minister and dissolve the assemblies was used

against each of the first three ministries beginning with the Benazir Bhutto ministry

elected in 1988.23

After facing lots of troubles a democratic party (PPP) came into power once again in

1988. Due to the lack of governance, mismanagement, bad policies, and personal clashes

with PML-N government, PPP government failed to run the government and once again

Nawaz Sharif government came into power. Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif appointed

General Pervaiz Musharraf as a Chief of Army Staff (COAS) for military support. He

thinks that if his party gets military support would surely be able to run government

perfectly but his opinion was totally wrong. After the Kargil conflict the clashes between

military and PML-N party reached the point that Nawaz government was dissolved and

once again military dictator General Pervaiz Musharraf took over the government on

October 14, 1999.

In November 2000 democratic parties i.e. PPP and PML-N started anti dictatorship

alliance that included some fifteen other smaller parties and was subsequently to emerge

as alliance for restoration of democracy. General Pervaiz Musharraf issued Chief

Executive Order No. 12 of 2002 for holding of a referendum on April 30 th 2002. On

August 21, 2002 General Pervaiz Musharraf was issued Legal Framework Order (LFO)

with a view to drastically amendment the constitution of 1973 as its various provisions

were to be revived. The most significant amendments under the LFO was article 58 (2)(b)

which was about the powers of the President to dissolve the National Assembly and

insertion of a new article 152 (a) that provided for creation of a National Security

Council.24

Due to the big alliance between democratic parties, religious parties and judiciary the

dictatorship government dissolved and again democratic party (PPP) under the leadership

23 SP Cohen and Stephen Philip, The Idea of Pakistan, (Lahore: Vanguard Books pvt Ltd, 2005), 124-157.24 Amicus R, “Pakistan under Musharraf, Government and Politics,” TPS the Pakistani Spectator, May 20, 2008.http://www. TPS the Pakistani Spectator / 426492/Pakistan-under-Musharraf/Government and Politics/.

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of Asif Ali Zardari came into power through elections. A good relationship between PPP

and PML-N parties; PPP completed its five years tenure and PML-N government came

into power.

Pakistan between Presidential and Primeministerial system

In order to avoid anarchy and chaos, a nation needs a constitution that her populace can

live under a set of rules to follow a government system to rule over them, rule of law to

be practiced, good governance to be ensured and checked and balances and

accountability to be observed. However it all requires a specific model of government

that is swift, dynamic and competitive in nature. According to pro-presidential

democratic government along with local bodies should be practiced. There are lots of

issues in parliamentary form of government like caste system, feudalism, weak political

parties, threat of no confidence against the Prime Minister, horse trading (also possible in

a Presidential system but a gift of a parliamentary system) and lesser accountability. This

is coupled with the shambolic history of the implementation of a parliamentary system in

Pakistan. The first constitution was passed in 1956 two more constitutions have been

added to the journals of history. Presently we are in theoretical perspective following the

constitution of 1973 with 20 amendments but there was a shift in the constitutions of

Pakistan in 1956 that voiced for parliamentary system. After General Ayub abrogating

the constitution brought another constitution in 1962 that was somewhat entirely opposite

to the parliamentary form of government, where President can have the ultimate power

and authority over everything. Though General Ayub Khan did for personal interest as he

wanted to validate his rule and wanted to avoid any king of rebellion against him that’s

why he introduced an a political system where everything will be done without any

political party, local bodies were strengthened. For that purpose EBDO and PRODO were

presented to keep all types of political activities out of the governmental matters. On the

other hand a parliamentary form of government that is the major element of 1973

constitution that makes Prime Minister the most power person and President as the least

powerful person. Moreover people cannot elect their Prime Minister directly because he

is elected by the members of the parliament after general elections. Seven Prime

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Ministers took oath but none of them completed their tenure. In 1988 to 1999 the

democratic party (PPP) were twice returned to power but none could complete these

tenure due to their intolerance towards each other and were sent packing under 58-2(B)

though it’s been omitted after 18th amendment but nothing fruitful came out. Ayub

intention behind presidential system for Pakistan then it was surely not at all suitable for

Pakistan. As he introduced this system to benefit himself so that no political party or

political activist can plot against him but keeping Ayub’s intention aside if one pays a

deeper insight on the elements of Presidential form of government specifically for

Pakistan, then it’s more than suitable.25

This perception might not be acceptable by the parliamentary democratic school of

thought, because they would have the opinion that giving power in one hand might be

equivalent to dictatorship and authoritarianism but this fact should also be kept in minds

that person who will have the ultimate power shall be directly elected by the masses at

large, however on realistic grounds, Pakistan needs a sole single authority that can unite

this scattered and troublesome nation and to attain that a presidential system is best suited

for Pakistan as it prevents horse trading, plutocracy, corruption make institutions

accountable and enhances the system of transparency and checks and balances that

parliamentary system does not ensure. The system of local government in Pakistan can be

expanded in the shape of increasing the number of provinces each headed by a governor

and a locally elected parliament. This way both responsibility and prosperity will be

transferred to local voters that ultimately will give birth to bottom up approach in policy

making where people will voice for their own rights, their needs, they will have their own

representative within themselves who are more deep rooted than our parliamentarians.

Moreover a presidential system in case of Pakistan will also lead towards more smooth

functions of power as there will be no other authority to consult and exercise its power,

confusions and ambiguities will not take place, as if one looks deep into the tenure of

Ayub, he was the only one to take major decisions for the country and most of the reform

25 Mohsin Bhatti, “Pakistan between Presidential and Prime-ministerial system,” CSS Forum, May 5, 2015.http://www.cssforum.com.pk/css-optional-subjects/group-i/political-science/26728-parliamentary-vs-presidential-system.html

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agendas he presented were fair enough as long as the welfare and progression of a state is

concerned. Secondly a person once elected by a clear majority the legitimacy of the

president both moral and constitutional is not in dispute; and unless impeached he

completes the tenure.26

The objective of adopting any system is to create a government that is able to protect its

interests and strengths outwards while maintaining a robust internal political system that

creates and breeds leadership and focuses on the future. Parliamentary democracy with its

multiple centers of power is not suited to Pakistan and the offices of the Prime Minister

and the provincial chief ministers can be abolished in favor of a strong presidential

democracy. This will strengthen accountability, reduce tensions and ensure smooth policy

execution where the country stands today and regardless of the idealism of West Minister

democracy putting Pakistan on the right track is not possible for the politicians alone. Nor

can the military pull it off by itself. A successful stable and prosperous Pakistan depends

on a civilized and reformed political system with defined rules of the game, backed by a

strong military commitment in the background and a sensible pro presidential form of

government with the amalgamation of local bodies and devolution plan is required that

can unite the nation under one nationalist umbrella. Another parliamentary system can be

tested after elections 2013 as it was the first time that any government has completed its 5

years term though coalition worked but yet again personal gains and interests should be

kept aside and a new system should be welcomed for a change that might work for the

development of Pakistan.27

Liberalism and Religion

Every effect has a cause and the responsibility for the creation of the bigots falls squarely

on those who call themselves secular and liberal. Look at the civilian and military

26 Abdul Qadir, “Parliamentary History”, National Assembly of Pakistan, May 19, 2015.http://www.na.gov.pk/en/content.php?id=7527 Zoya Ashraf, “Strengthening Federalism in Pakistan: Academia Should Take the First Step,” Blogspot.com, April 21, 2014.http://xoyash.blogspot.com/

15

governments in place since 1947 with the exception of General Zia-Ul-Haq, all other

rulers were liberal and secular from Mr. Jinnah to Gen. Ayub Khan, Mr. Zulfiqar A.

Bhutto to Gen. Pervez Musharraf and Mr. Nawaz Sharif to Mr. Asif Ali Zardari, they

were far from being religious fundamentalists. The responsibility for driving the first nail

in the coffin of religious intolerance rests squarely with Mr. Z.A. Bhutto who bent over

backwards to accommodate the small number of religious fanatics by banning alcohol

and declaring Ahmedi’s as non-Muslims. He refused to hold re-elections in the very few

constituencies where there were serious allegations of rigging. There is little doubt that

the PPP would have won those seats even if there was re-polling. Following the good

riddance from Zia-Ul-Haq courtesy his love for mangoes, our ‘liberal’ leaders did not lift

a finger to repeal the barbarous blasphemy laws. Both the military and civilian rulers

failed to resolve the problems facing the common man. And when some young people in

Baluchistan rose up against the injustices in their province they were made to simply

disappear from the face of the earth. These are the acts of self-serving rulers and not

those of true liberals. The only true liberals and seculars of the country are the people of

Pakistan who continue to vote for non-religious political parties. They understand that

choosing even a putatively liberal and secular party is better than handing over the

country to those who stand for the imposition of their version of a religion.28

Party system in Pakistan

Political parties reflect public will in the state institutions and are responded in the

elections by the masses on the basis of their agenda which manifests the desires and

needs of the society. Most of the parties of Pakistan have common approach to the

problems of the masses except some of the regional parties which address the masses of

particular regions instead of the whole area of Pakistan. Political Parties on most of the

issues of national importance seem united in their political approach but may be differ in

their modalities of approaching the issues. This has been analyzed in the below stated

sections which depict underlying predisposition of the structures and manifestos of the

28 Najam Sethi’s, “Old paradigms, new paradoxes,” The Friday Times, November 5, 1999.http://www.thefridaytimes.com/editorials/Book5%20%281999-2008%29.htm

16

parties to understand their political sociology. The study of parties’ manifestos and their

organizational structure seemed important to know how they targeted the voters for

mobilizing them in electoral activity and in this way ensured their participation in

electoral process. Parties seemingly had convergence on most of the issues but they deal

them in their own ideological perspectives. Political party is the creature of modern

political system and is considered the main instrument in the socio-political

transformation of the society. Political parties perform the functions of social, political

and economic development in a society which is governed under democracy or

totalitarian regime. 29

The formal organization of the party was mandated by its interim constitution. The

interim constitution was a simple document of some twenty three articles. The founding

convention passed executive authority in the party onto the chairman it would elect, who

would then act to constitute the committees. The first two of these, the organizing and

principles committees were to be constituted by the chairman in consultation with the

steering committee of the founding convention. Their functions were to undertake the

organization of the party in the country. The third committee, the central committee

would be the highest authority of the party. The central committee would elect the other

national offices of the party: Vice Chairman, Secretary General, Treasurer, etc. It was

competent to effect amendments in the constitution subject to ratification by the national

conference. Under the guidance of the chairman, the organizing committees established

at provincial, district and city levels. The chairman of the party shall in consultation with

the organizing committee of the party, accredit chairmen of the organizing committees in

the provinces, districts and cities. These chairmen would be in consultation with the next

higher chairman, constitute their own organizing committee, which they in turn would

consult before accrediting the chairmen of organizing committees at the next lower level,

a process that would continue down through the sub divisional and ward level to the

primary units. Once party units had been created at all levels, the party chairman in

consultation with the organizing committee and with the provincial chairmen could

29 Saeed Shafqat, “Democracy in Pakistan,” Pide, 2014.http://pide.org.pk/pdr/index.php/pdr/article/viewFile/1602/1575

17

permit the holding of party conferences at the provincial, district and city levels. These

conferences would be competent to replace the original chairmen and party organizing

committees for their levels through elections.30

30 Ahmad Salim, “Political Parties in Pakistan,” Sdpi, 2005. http://www.sdpi.org/research_and_news_bulletin/Vol.%2012,%20No.%201%20(January%20%20February,%202005)/political_parties.htm.

18

Political leaders of political Parties

List of political leaders of political parties are as under:-

S. No. Name of Political Party Name of Party Leader 1 Aalay Kalam Ullah Farman Rasool (saw) Mirza Zulfiqar Ahmed2 Aam Admi Justice Party Mian Ghulam Rasool3 Aam Admi Party of Pakistan. Mr. Adnan Haider Randhawa4 Aam Insan Movement (AIM). Rana Moeen Akhter5 Aam Log Party Pakistan Muhammad Naseem Sadiq6 Aam Pakistani Party. Syed Safdar Rizvi7 Aap Janab Sarkar Party Nawab Dr.Amber Shahzada,

8 Afghan National Party Khair-ul-Hakin9 Afghan Qumi Movement (Pakistan) Mr. Ahmed Khan10 All Pakistan Aam Admi Party. Ch. Nashir Mehmood11 All Pakistan Bayrozgar Party Rana Muhammad Ali12 All Pakistan Chiristian League Prof. Salamat Akhtar13 All Pakistan Minorities Alliance. Dr. Paul Jacob Bhatti14 All Pakistan Muslim League Muhammad Ali Saif15 All Pakistan Peoples Qaumi Movement Danish Deedar16 All Pakistan Youth Working Party Saghir Ahmad17 Allah-o-Akbar Tehreek Dr. Mian Ihsan Bari, 18 Amm Admi Party Arslan-Ul-Mulk,19 Awami Himayat Tehreek Pakistan Moulvi Iqbal Haider20 Awami Ittehad Party Liaquat Ali Jatoi21 Awami Jamhoori Party (AJP). Karam Hussain Wasan22 Awami Jamhuri Ittehad Pakistan Mr. ShahramKhanTarakai23 Awami Justice Party Mehar Ghulam Mustafa Mangan24 Awami Muslim League Pakistan Sheikh Rashid Ahmed 25 Awami National Party Asfandyar Wali Khan26 Awami Qiadat Party General (R) Mirza Aslam Beg27 Awami Tehreek Bahali-e-Soba

Bahawalpur PakistanMr. Nazir Ahmed Sonchi

28 Awami Warkers Party Mr. Abid Hassan Minto29 Azad Pakistan Party Gul Muhammad Bhatti30 Azmat-e-Islam Movement Zaheer-ul-Islam Abbasi (Major General)31 Bahawalpur National Awami Party Nawab Salahuddin Abbasi32 Bala Pir Tehreek Sadat Party Pakistan Syed Noor-ul-Hasan Shah Gillani33 Balochistan National Congress Abdul Hakim Lehri34 Balochistan National Democratic Party Sardar Sanaullah Khan Zehri35 Balochistan National Movement Dr.Abdul Hayee Baloch

19

36 Balochistan National Party Sardar Akhter Jan Mengal37 Balochistan National Party (Awami) Mir Israrullah Zehri38 Bedar Pakistan Abdul Razaq Mian39 Christian Progressive Movement Mrs. Naila Dayal40 Communist Party of Pakistan Engineer Jameel Ahmad Malik41 General Pervez Musharaf Himayat Tehreek Malik Arshad Mahmood Awan42 Ghareeb Awam Party Syed Farrukh Kamal Hussaini43 Ham Awam Party. Sardar Nasir Saleem Zai44 Haqiqi Jamote Qaumi Movement Sardar Muhammad Wazir-ul-Qadri,45 Hazara Awami Ittehad Pakistan Haji Imran Khan Jadoon46 Hazara Democratic Party Abdul Khaliq Hazara47 Hazara Qaumi Mahaz Qazi Mohammad Azhar48 Human Development Movement Mr. Muhammad Kamran49 Islami Inqalab Party Dr. Allama Ayaz Zaheer Hashimi50 Islami Nazriati Tehreek Pakistan Mr. Zahid Afzal51 Islami Peoples Party Mr. Khurshid Anwar Qureshi52 Islami Siasi Tehreek Abdul Majeed Haidari 53 Islami Tehreek Pakistan Syed Sajid Ali Naqvi54 Islamic Law Pakistan Party Muhammad Asif Khan55 Islamic Republican Party Sultan Alam56 Istehkaam-e-Pakistan Movement Party Mr. Muhammad Ashraf Khan Niazi57 Istiqlal Party Syed Manzoor Ali Ghllani58 Ittehad Alam-e-Islam Jan Muhammad 59 Ittehad Milli Hazara Abdul Majeed Haidry60 Jamaat Ahle Hadith Pakistan (Ropri) Hafiz Abdul Ghafer Rooberi61 Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan Syed Munawar Hasan62 Jamait Ahle-Hadith Pakistan(Elahi Zaheer) Allama Ibtisam Elahi Zaheer63 Jamhoori Wattan Party Nawabzad Tahlal Akbar Bughti64 Jamiat Ulama-e-Islam (F) Maulana Fazal-ur-Rehman65 Jamiat Ulama-e-Islam (S) Maulana Sami -ul-Haq66 Jamiat Ulama-e-Pakistan (Noorani) Sahibzada Abul Khair Muhammad

Zubair67 Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan Zubair Kayani, 68 Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan (Niazi) Pir Syed Muhammad Masoom Hussain

Shah Naqvi69 Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan (Nifaz-e-Shariat) Engr. Muhammad Saleem Ullah Khan70 Jamiat Ulma-e-Pakistan (Sawad-e-Azam) Syed Muhammad Mahffuz Mushadi71 Jamiat–e-Mushaikh Pakistan Pir Fazal Haq72 Jamote Qaumi Movement Mir Abdul Majid Abro73 Jannat Pakistan Party Dr. Asarulislam Syed

20

74 Jeev-e-Pakistan Party Dr. Irfan Latif75 Jumiat Ulma-e-Islam(Nazryati) Maulana Asmattullah76 Justice and Development Party Pakistan Mr. Tariq Bashir, 77 Kakar Jamhoori Party Pakistan Sardar Muhammad Ashraf Kakar78 Karwan-i-Millat Pakistan Lt.Col ® Aizaz Haider79 Khud Mukhtar Pakistan Party Khalid Munir Khan80 Khyber Union Mr. Muhammad Aras Kanday Shahi

Khel81 Law of Quran Nizam-e-Mustafa. Muhammad Sarwar Tayyab82 Lower Middle Party Zafar Awan, 83 Madadgar Pakistan Mr. Parvez Amin84 Majlis-e-Wahdat-e-Muslimeen Pakistan Mr. Muhammad AminShaheedi85 Markazi Jamaat Ahle Hadieth (Zubair) Allama Hafiz Zubair Ahmad Zahir86 Markazi Jamiat Ahle Hadith (Lakhwi

Group)Molana Moon-ud-Din Lakhwi

87 Markazi Jamiat Al- Hadith (Sajid Mir) Mr. Sajid Mir88 Markazi Jamiat Mushaikh Pakistan Pir Syed Muhammad Makhdoom

Gillani89 Markazi Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan (Sharif

Rizvi)Mr. Muhammad Sharif Rizvi

90 Masih Awami Party Emmanuel Zafar91 Menecracy action Party Mr. Muhammad Tahir Khan92 Millat Party Farooq Ahmad Leghari 93 Mohajir Ittehad Tehrik Dr. Saleem Haider94 Mohajir Kashmir Movement Kashif Hussain Dutt95 Mohajir Qaumi Movement Pakistan Afaq Ahmed96 Mohib-e-Wattan Movement Mr. Abdul Khaliq97 Mohib-e-Wattan Nowjawan Inqilabion Ki

Anjuman (MNAKA)Ch. Muhammad Asghar

98 Move on Pakistan Mr. Muhammad Kamran99 Muhib-e-Wattan Roshan Pakistan Mr. Ameer Ali Pattiwala100 Muslim Movement Pakistan Syed Hasnain Raza Kazmi101 MustaqbIl Pakistan Nadeem M. Qureshi102 Mutahida Baloch Movement Pakistan Wadera Rab Nawaz Khan Murri103 Mutahida karwan-e-Pakistan Party Ch. Arshad Ali Anjum104 Mutahidda Qabail Party Habib Malik Orakzai105 Muttahida Muslim League Chaudhry Nasir Mahmood Advocate106 Muttahida Qaumi Movement Pakistan Dr. Farooq Sattar107 Muttahidda Aman Party Jehanzeb Babar108 Muttahidda Awami Ittehad Party Mir Zabreen Karim Murre109 Muttahidda Jamiat Ulama-e-Pakistan Mian Ghulam Shabbir Qadri

21

110 Muttahidda Pakistan Muslim League (Sarfaraz Group)

Malik Sarfaraz Muhammad Shoib

111 Muttahidda Tehreek Inqlab Pakistan Ch. Muhammad Siddique112 Muttahidda Ulema-e-Mashaikh Council of

Pakistan Malik Safdar Ali Awan

113 Muttahiddah Jamhoori Wattan Party Aali Nawab Muhammad Mir Aali Bughtti114 Mutthida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan Qazi Hussain Ahmed115 National Alliance Mr.Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi,116 National Awami Party Eng. Syed Tassaduq Hussain117 National Justice Party Mr. Naroon-ur-Rashid Naushahi118 National Party Dr.Abdul Malik Baloch119 National Peace & Justice Party Ch. Muhammad Ali120 National Peoples Party Ghulam Murtaza Khan Jatoi121 National Peoples Party Workers Group Muhammad Ashraf Zaib122 Nazaria Pakistan Tehreek. Muhammad Arshad Taqi123 Nizam-e-Mustafa Party Hanif Tayyab124 Pak Justic Party (Haqiqi) Mr. Haroon Ahmed125 Pak Muslim Alliance Haji Muhammad Rafiq126 Pak Wattan Party Syed Shujaat Ali Bukhari127 Pakhtoonkhwa Qaumi Party Muhammad Afzal Khan128 Pakistan Amn Party Haji M. Gulzar Awan129 Pakistan Amn Tehreek. Ali Sher Khan130 Pakistan Awami Inqalab Dr. Muhammad Aziz Khan131 Pakistan Awami Quwat Party Syed Feroz Ahmad Quadri132 Pakistan Awami Tehreek Mr. Raheeq Ahmed Abbasi133 Pakistan Awami Tehrik-e-Inqilab Prof. Aftab Ahmed Khan Lodhi134 Pakistan Bachao Party MakhdoomM.DuryabYousafQureshi-al-

Hashmi135 Pakistan Basic Rights Movement Ch. Shoukat Ali Thothal 136 Pakistan Brohi Party Imam Ali Brohi137 Pakistan Citizen Movement Mr. Nadeem Butt138 Pakistan Conservative Party Danish Channa 139 Pakistan Democratic League (PDL) Arshad Waheed140 Pakistan Democratic Party Nawabzada Mansoor Ahmad Khan141 Pakistan Development Party Kashif Rana142 Pakistan Dharti Maan Party Rai Muhammad Nawaz Malik143 Pakistan Falah Party Sohail Akhter Khan Niazi144 Pakistan Fatima Jinnah Muslim League Syed Baqar Ali Shah Gailani145 Pakistan Freedom Party Sardar Naseer Ahmed146 Pakistan Gharib Party Miss. Mahwish Chaudhary

22

147 Pakistan Ghurba Party Mr. Mumtaz Hussain Niazi148 Pakistan Green Party Liaquat Ali149 Pakistan Hizbullah Party Muhammad Amin150 Pakistan Hum Wattan Party Dr. Nasir Ahmed Khan 151 Pakistan Human Party Syed Salman Mohsin Gillani152 Pakistan Human Rights Party Mr. Khalid Aftab Sulehri, 153 Pakistan Inqilabi Khidmatgar Tehreek Mr. Iqbal Nadeem Sial154 Pakistan Islami Justice Party Mr. Muhammad Idress155 Pakistan Ittehad Tehreek Muhammad Yusuf Kureshy156 Pakistan Ittehad Yaqeen Tanzeem Party Tariq Mahmood157 Pakistan Jamhoori Ittehad Mr. Muhammad Jamil158 Pakistan Justice Party Malik Munsif Awan159 Pakistan Kissan Ittehad Mr. Khalid Mehmood Tahir160 Pakistan Liberation League Dr. Hadayatullah Minhas, 161 Pakistan Mashihi League Dr. John Jee, 162 Pakistan Mazdoor Kissan Party S.M. Altaf 163 Pakistan Mazdoor Mehaz. Tufail Abbas164 Pakistan Motherland Party Muhammad Akbar165 Pakistan Muhafiz Party Yousaf Shah166 Pakistan Muhafiz Watan Party Malik Ahmad Khan Awan167 Pakistan Muhammadi Party Meherban Sain Rana Abdul Ghafoor

Mian168 Pakistan Muslim League Ch. Shujaat Hussain169 Pakistan Muslim League (F) Pir Sibghatullah Shah Pir Pagara170 Pakistan Muslim League (Hussaini)

PakistanPeer Syed Ali Muhammad Shah Bukhari

171 Pakistan Muslim League (J) Muhammad Iqbal Dar172 Pakistan Muslim League (Muttahida) Fahad Mahmood173 Pakistan Muslim League (N) Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif174 Pakistan Muslim League (Nazaryati) Ch. Ishtiaq Ahmed Minhas175 Pakistan Muslim League (Qasim) Dr. Qari Ashfaq Ullah176 Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum Group) Khan Amanullah Khan177 Pakistan Muslim League (Safdar) Safdar Zaman Hazarvi 178 Pakistan Muslim League (Sher-e-Bangal) Qadir Khan Mandokhail, Advocate179 Pakistan Muslim League (Zehri Group) Mir Zarak Zehri180 Pakistan Muslim League “H” Haqiqi Mr. Naveed Akhtar Khan181 Pakistan Muslim League Council Sardar Muhammad Nasrullah 182 Pakistan Muslim League Democratic Dr. Ebadulla183 Pakistan Muslim League Humkhiyal (Like

Minded)Mulazim Hussain

23

184 Pakistan Muslim League(Z) Muhammad Ijaz-ul-Haq185 Pakistan National Democratic Party Mr. Khadim Pervez Masih 186 Pakistan National Muslim League Amjad Ali Warriach187 Pakistan Overseas League Dr.M. Shahbaz Mirza188 Pakistan Patriotic Movement Mr. Abdul Rasheed Yousafzai189 Pakistan People’s Alliance Amir Choudhry, 190 Pakistan Peoples Movement Muhammad Ashfaq Choudhary191 Pakistan Peoples Party Mr.Bilawal Bhutto Zardari192 Pakistan Peoples Party (Shaheed Bhutto) Ghinwa Bhutto193 Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians Makhdoom Amin Fahim194 Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians

(Patriots)195 Pakistan Peoples requirement Party Mr. Muhammad Waris196 Pakistan Progressive Party Rashid Ahmed197 Pakistan Progressive Party (Haqiqi) Professor Muhammad Aslam198 Pakistan Progressive Party (Suraya Farman

Group)Begum Surriya Farman

199 Pakistan Qaumi League Qamar-ul-Islam200 Pakistan Qaumi Movement Syed Mohammad Iqbal Kazmi201 Pakistan Qaumi Party Muhmood Ahmed Khan Qalander202 Pakistan Qaumi Tehrik-E- Azadi Ali Obaid203 Pakistan Rah-e-Haq Party Ibrahim Qasmi204 Pakistan Republication Party Mr. Saif-ul-Islam Khan205 Pakistan Sariaki Party Barrister Taj Muhammad Khan Langah 206 Pakistan Shia Political Party Syed Nau Bahar Shah207 Pakistan Social Democratic Party Ch. Muhammad Riaz Gondal208 Pakistan Social Justice Party Akhtar Shah209 Pakistan Sunni Tehreek Muhammad Sarwat Ejaz Qadri210 Pakistan Tehreek Asas Mst. Shagufta211 Pakistan Tehreek Sadaa-e-Haq Muhammad Mahboob Shah212 Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf Imran Khan213 Pakistan Tehreek-e-Paigham Karim Khan 214 Pakistan Tehrek-e-Inqalab Alamgir Khan215 Pakistan United Christian Movement Albert David216 Pakistan United Inqalab Party Sardar Muhammad Iqbal Gujjar 217 Pakistan Welfare League Chaudhry Nadeem Akhtar218 Pakistan Women Muslim League. Mst. Rubina Shaheen219 Pakistan Workers Party Nasrullah Khan Kakar220 Pakistan Young Blood Christian League Mr. Iqbal Khan221 Pakistan Zindabad Party. Sardar Aftab Ahmed Virk

24

222 PakistanMeo Ittihad Abid Hameed Khan Meo223 Pasban Prof. Javeed Sandhu224 Pasban Pakistan. Altaf Shakoor225 Pashtoon Quomi Tehreek Rafique Pashtoon226 Pashtoonkhwa Milli Awami Party Mahmood Khan Achakzai227 Peoples Democratic League Mr. Muhammad Hanif ullah228 Peoples Muslim League Pakistan Haji Sher Khan Nohri229 Peoples Revolutionary Congress Pakistan Syed Saif-ul-Islam Khalid230 Progressive Democratic Party Abdul Rehman Shawani231 Public Fourm Dr. Muhammad Aslam232 Punjab National Front Ch.Mustansar Assd 233 Punjab National Party Mian Amir Abbas234 Qaumi Inqilab Party Raja Naseeb Khan 235 Qaumi Jamhoori Party Air Marshal (R) M. Asghar Khan236 Qaumi Tahaffaz Party Rafiq R. Sanjrani237 Qaumi Watan Party (Sherpao) Aftab Ahmad Khan Sherpao238 Qomi Awami Tehreek Mr. Ayaz Latif Palijo239 Roshan Pakistan League Muhammad Azam240 Roshan Pakistan Party Mubrik Ali Ch.241 Sada-e-Pakistan Party Malik Gul Nawaz242 Sairkistan Qaumi Ittehad Khuwaja Chuam Farid Goreja243 Salam Pakistan Party Muhammad Shoaib244 Seraiki Sooba Movement Pakistan Malik Mumtaz Hussain Jai245 Shahideens Democratic Party of Pakistan Syed Nadeem Hussain246 Shan-e-Pakistan Party Abdul Hafeez Khokhar247 Shia Sunni Ittehad. Farahan Ahmed(Allias) Ali Shah248 Sindh Democratic Alliance Imtiaz Ahmed Shaikh249 Sindh Dost Ittehad Pir Zafar Jhandir250 Sindh National Front Sardar Mumtaz Ali Bhutto 251 Sindh Taraqi Passand Party (STP) Dr.Qader Bux Magsi252 Sindh United Party Sayed Jalal Mehmood253 Sindh Urban-Rural Alliance Syed Parvez Ali Shah254 Siyaasi Tehreek-e-Najaat Mr.Fahad Nabi255 Social Democratic Movement Pakistan Muhammad Hafeez Tabassum256 Sunni Ittehad Council SahibZada Haji Muhammad Fazal Karim257 Sunni Tehreek. Ahmed Bilal Qadri258 Swabi Qaumi Mahaz Dr. Muhammad Saleem 259 Tajir Awam Movement Pakistan Khuwaja Muhammad Shafique260 Taleem Yafta Pakistan Party. Prof. Muhammad Amjad Khan

261 Tameer-e-Pakistan Party Lt. Gen Faiz Ali Chishti (R)

25

262 Tanzeem-e-Ahl-e-Sunnat Pir Muhammad Afzal Qadri263 Tehreek Islam Pakistan Malik Muhammad Abdullah264 Tehreek Jamhoriat Pakistan General (R) Zakir Ali Zadi265 Tehreek Tabdili Nizam Pakistan Nawab Muhammad Iqbal Khan Baloch,

Adovcate266 Tehreek-e-Awami Inqalab Party Mr. Zubair Ramzan267 Tehreek-e-Difa-e-Pakistan Mr. Zahid Iqbal Bakhtawari268 Tehreek-e-Ehsas-e-Pakistan Rao Muhammad Zubair Aslam269 Tehreek-e-Emaan Pakistan Mr. Ghulam Yaseen270 Tehreek-e-Haq Pakistan. Syed Abbas Shah271 Tehreek-e-Hussainia Pakistan Muhammad Hussain Akbar272 Tehreek-e-Insaniat Pakistan Ehsan-ul-Haque273 Tehreek-e-Istehkaam Pakistan Syed Ali Raza274 Tehreek-e-Itehad Pakistan. Shahzad Khan275 Tehreek-e-Ittehad Ummat Pakistan Charagh-ud-Din Shah276 Tehreek-e-Ittehad-e-Adam Ijaz Ahmed277 Tehreek-e-Khalaft Pakistan Azhar Ali278 Tehreek-e-Pasmanada Awam Pakistan Chaudhry Hasham Hayat Wathra279 Tehreek-e-Suba Hazara SardarHaider Zaman280 Tehreek-e-Tahafuze Pakistan Rao Muhammad Akbar Khan Mayo

281 Tehreek-e-Wafaq Pakistan Manzoor Ali Bhatti282 Tehrik-e-Istaqlal Rehmat Khan Wardag283 Tehrik-e-Istiqlal Pakistan Muhammad Ikram Nagra Rahbar284 Tehrik-e-Masawaat Mst. Musarrat Shaheen285 Waseeb Ittehad Pakistan Shahbaz Ahmed286 Wattan National League Pakistan. Gulfraz Khan Abbasi

QUESTIONNAIRE

Sr. # Questions 1 2 3 4 5Politics 1 The present election system is a main hurdle preventing Imran

Khan from becoming the Prime Minister of Pakistan.2 The political system of Pakistan had been dominated by

26

political dynasties like Pakistan People Party and PML-N.3 Imran Khan as Prime Minister will conduct fair elections in

Pakistan’s electoral system.4 Imran Khan as a Prime Minister will bring transparency in the

institutions of Pakistan.Geo Strategic5 Imran Khan as a Prime Minister will give plenty of space to

Taliban in FATA.6 Being a Prime Minister of Pakistan Imran Khan will bring

down the influence of western countries on Pakistan.7 Being a PM Khan would prefer bilateral relation with Iran

rather than Saudi Arabia.8 Due to favoritism with Taliban Imran Khan can influence

foreign policy of Pakistan.Social9 Imran Khan as a social welfare activist for Pakistani nations can

get benefits in politics.10 Being a PM Imran Khan will solve the issue of terrorism

without military interference.11 The priority of Imran Khan as a PM will be to improve the

education section.12 Imran Khan becoming the Prime Minister will not depend on

his party’s social performance in KPK.

13 Imran Khan as PM will give supremacy to institutions for relief of poor people’s by providing them the basic rights.

Economy14 As a PM Imran Khan will raise the job opportunities for youth

on merit basis.15 Imran Khan will have to articulate its plan to increase

government revenue and reduce federal debt.16 Imran Khan will be able to increase the GDP of Pakistan to the

level of developed nations.17 As a PM Imran Khan will not able to seize the looted money of

Pakistan.

Theoretical Framework

Based on extensive literature review the following schematic framework constructed to ascertain

the effect of independent variables (Economy, Politics and Geo Strategic) on dependent variable

(Socialization).

27

Figure 1. Schematic Diagram

Results and Discussion

The Pearson correlation finds the relationship (positive and negative) among independent and

dependent variables. The correlation value falls between 0 to 1, whereas the sign reveals the

influence of one variable on the others as positive or negative. The statistical results revealed that

the government policies have an insignificant positive correlation with political instability,

insignificant positive correlation with the economy at 3.998 confidence interval, significant

positive correlation with inflation, insignificant negative correlation with Geo Strategic. The

economy has a significant positive correlation with government policies and insignificant

positive with political instability, significant positive with the inflation, insignificant negative

with the Geo Strategic.

28

Economy

PoliticsSocialization

Geo Strategic

Table.1

Co-efficient

ModelUnstandardized Coefficients

Standardized Coefficients t Sig.

B Std. Error Beta

1

(Constant) 1.227 .520 2.358 .019

Politics .586 .062 .434 9.378 .000

GSTRG .477 .065 .349 7.385 .000

Eco .264 .066 .220 3.998 .000

a. Dependent Variable: Social

Age Gender

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10

Q11

Q12

Q13

Q14

Q15

Q16

Q17

Q18

Valid 200 200 200 200 200 200

200

200

200

200 200 200

200

200

200

200

200

200

200

200

200

Missing 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

29

Statistics

Mean 1.593

2.904

3.361

3.452

3.467

2.914

3.155

3.482

3.115

3.402

3.180

2.909

3.316

3.170

3.145

3.432

3.145

3.3417

1.593

2.904

Median25.0000

2.0000

4.0000

4.0000

3.0000

4.0000

3.0000

3.0000

4.0000

3.0000

4.0000

4.0000

3.0000

4.0000

3.0000

4.0000

4.0000

4.0000

.0000

25.0000

Mode 25.00

2.00

1.00 4.00 3.00 4.00 1.00 4.00 4.00 5.004.00

5.00

1.00

4.05.00

5.00

5.00

1.00

54.00

25.00

Std. Deviati

on 3.19197

.60315

1.7740

1.2869

1.3167

1.4240

1.4729

1.2795

1.3920

1.5114

1.4699

1.4932

1.6762

1.4478

1.6115

1.5647

1.3941

1.6526

1.5807

3.19197

30

Table.3

Frequency Table

GenderFrequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent

Valid

Male 87 41.2 43.7 43.7

Female 110 52.1 55.3 99.0

5.00 2 .9 1.0 100.0

Total 199 94.3 100.0

Missing System 0 0

Total 211 100.0

31

Table.4

The present election system is a main hurdle preventing Imran Khan from becoming the Prime Minister of Pakistan

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent

Valid

Strongly Disagree 85 40.3 42.7 42.7

Somewhat Disagree 9 4.3 4.5 47.2

Neither agree nor disagree 3 1.4 1.5 48.7

Somewhat Agree 44 20.9 22.1 70.9

Strongly Agree 58 27.5 29.1 100.0

Total 199 94.3 100.0

Missing System 0 0

Total 211 100.0

32

Table.5

The political system of Pakistan had been dominated by political dynasties like Pakistan People Party and PML-N


Percent

Valid





Strongly Agree 43 20.4 21.6 100.0

Total 199 94.3 100.0

Missing System 0 0

Total 211 100.0

33

Table.6

Imran Khan as Prime Minister will conduct fair elections in Pakistan’s electoral system


Percent

Valid





Strongly Agree 62 29.4 31.2 100.0

Total 199 94.3 100.0

Missing System 0 0

Total 211 100.0

34

Table.7

Imran Khan as a Prime Minister will bring transparency in the institutions of Pakistan


Percent

Valid





Strongly Agree 53 25.1 26.6 100.0

Total 199 94.3 100.0

Missing System 12 5.7

Total 211 100.0

35

Table.8

Imran Khan as a Prime Minister will give plenty of space to Taliban in FATAFrequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent

Valid





Strongly Agree 39 18.5 19.6 100.0

Total 199 94.3 100.0


Total 211 100.0

36

Table.9

Being a Prime Minister of Pakistan Imran Khan will bring down the influence of western countries on Pakistan


Percent

Valid





Strongly Agree 32 15.2 16.1 100.0

Total 199 94.3 100.0


Total 211 100.0

37

Table.10

Being a PM Khan would prefer bilateral relation with Iran rather than Saudi Arabia


Percent

Valid





Strongly Agree 57 27.0 28.6 100.0

Total 199 94.3 100.0


Total 211 100.0

38

Table.11

Due to favoritism with Taliban Imran Khan can influence foreign policy of Pakistan


Percent

Valid





Strongly Agree 52 24.6 26.1 100.0

Total 199 94.3 100.0


Total 211 100.0

39

Table.12

Imran Khan as a social welfare activist for Pakistani nations can get benefits in politics


Percent

Valid





Strongly Agree 55 26.1 27.6 100.0

Total 199 94.3 100.0


Total 211 100.0

40

Table.13

Being a PM Imran Khan will solve the issue of terrorism without military interferenceFrequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent

Valid





Strongly Agree 52 24.6 26.1 100.0

Total 199 94.3 100.0


Total 211 100.0

41

Table.14

The priority of Imran Khan as a PM will be to improve the education sectionFrequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent

Valid





Strongly Agree 54 25.6 27.1 100.0

Total 199 94.3 100.0


Total 211 100.0

42

Table.15

Imran Khan becoming the Prime Minister will not depend on his party’s social performance in KPK


Percent

Valid





Strongly Agree 48 22.7 24.1 100.0

Total 199 94.3 100.0


Total 211 100.0

43

Table.16

Imran Khan as PM will give supremacy to institutions for relief of poor people’s by providing them the basic rights


Percent

Valid





Strongly Agree 67 31.8 33.7 100.0

Total 199 94.3 100.0


Total 211 100.0

44

Table.17

As a PM Imran Khan will raise the job opportunities for youth on merit basisFrequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent

Valid





Strongly Agree 58 27.5 29.1 100.0

Total 199 94.3 100.0


Total 211 100.0

45

Table.18

Imran Khan will have to articulate its plan to increase government revenue and reduce federal debt


Percent

Valid





Strongly Agree 60 28.4 30.2 100.0

Total 199 94.3 100.0


Total 211 100.0

46

Table.19

Imran Khan will be able to increase the GDP of Pakistan to the level of developed nations


Percent

Valid





Strongly Agree 62 29.4 31.2 100.0

Total 199 94.3 100.0


Total 211 100.0

47

Table.20

As a PM Imran Khan will not able to seize the looted money of PakistanFrequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent

Valid





Strongly Agree 74 35.1 37.2 100.0

Total 199 94.3 100.0


Total 211 100.0

48

Conclusion

By this research we conclude the result that Imran khan as future prime minister brings

prosperity in the political system of Pakistan. He will bring transparency in the system for

the common man and also transfer the power to the grass root level, as the welfare of a

state and development done by the grass root power and the recent local government

elections are done by the efforts of the Imran khan. The main issue of Pakistan is the

transparency of electoral system and the interference of the military in the political

system of Pakistan .the situation get worst shape when the political parties starts work,

the army dictators came into power and breaks all the constitutions rules. But Imran khan

as PM said that he will never allow the army or any dictator to rule on the country and he

will keep the rule of the democracy all over the country and the role of executives and

legislature will be separate from the government .the power from the center will be divide

to the provincial and to the local bodies for the welfare of a common man and his idea of

biometric system of voting for the fair electoral system will work very effectively.

As a future PM of Pakistan khan will bring the European system of welfare as the

developed states focus on the basic rights of a common man as for the state a common

man is important and he works like a pillar for the state .As a social activist Imran Khan

already did a lot of social work for the relief of poor’s in Pakistan in the form of Shukat

khanum hospital in Karachi and he also starts such kind of projects in Khayber Pakhtun

Khawa, and as a Pm of Pakistan he will do more them it as he would be the father of

nation and he will follow Mustafa Kamal Pasha as a role model, but at the same time he

is also keen for the development of democracy in Pakistan, a part from his social work

he is the most favorite personality all over the Pakistan as he wins the1992 cricket world

cup for Pakistan .and at the same time his influence is on people and as a star leader he

will bring quick and cheap justice for the people of his state.

By the means of economic structure Pakistan isn’t strong as compared to international

standards Imran khan said that he will raise the level of international investments and also

gave attention to the industry of Pakistan which is playing a significant role in the

49

economy of Pakistan and by the raising the level of investment and industrialized the

state the opportunity of jobs and business will be grown up automatically and the GDP

and GNP will be high and these all process will be done on the merit base as no one

could be harm and get his share and put his efforts equally in the system. furthermore

Khan as Pm is will be able to bring the looted money to the country back which are in the

foreign bank accounts and are corrupted by the politicians and as he is also able to

prosecute the courted leaders in the court and gave them punishment according to

law .the taxation process will be done under the proper check and balance and honest

people who will be appoint on transparency and on merit.

This all research gave a positive impact of Imran khan’s personality on Pakistan future

system Prime Minster as he brings honesty and prosperity in the Pakistani system and the

Islamic republic of Pakistan will be soon emerged as a developed and transparent state.

50

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