final masterpiece

7/30/2019 Final Masterpiece

1/21

STRESS RESPONSE& DIFFERENCE BETWEEN

SYMPATHETIC AND

PARASYMPATHETIC SYSTEMS

FATIMAH AMIRAH BINTI LOKMAN (31)

FATIN NABILA BINTI YAHYA (32)

FATIN NAJIHAH BINTI ZAINUDDIN (33)

HAZIQAH BINTI HASHIM (34)

HAZIRAH BINTI KAMARUDIN (35)

HAZIRAH BINTI HAMZAH (36)


2/21

OVERVIEW

AUTONOMIC

NERVOUS SYSTEM

STRESS RESPONSE

DIFFERENCE

BETWEEN

SYMPATHETIC ANDPARASYMPATHETIC

HEAD & NECK THORAX ABDOMEN PELVIS

LIMBS, THORACIC &

ABDOMINAL

PARITIES


3/21

STRESS REACTION RESPONSE OR

ALARM REACTIONIncreased

-heart rate

-cardiac contractility

-arterial blood

pressure

Bronchodilation

Increased leveloffatty acids

Shifting ofblood to

importantorgans


4/21

Cutaneousvasoconstricion

& pallor

Increased

glycogenolysis

Relaxation ofaccomodatory

muscles &dilatation of the

pupil (eye)


5/21

STRESS REACTION response @

ALARM REACTIONBoner skeletal

Orbelli

Phenomenon

Secretionadrenaline &

noradrenaline

Increased

alertness.

Increased mentalactivity and tissue

metabolism.

Increased

sweating.

Contractionsplenic

capsule


6/21

HEAD AND NECK

SYMPATHETIC

In eye

Pupil dilatation (mydriasis)

Retraction of eye lid

Normal protrusion of eye ball(exophtalmos)

Vasoconstriction of lacrimalvessel

In salivary gland

Vasoconstriction of salivary vessel

Viscid salive production rich inorganic matter and poor watercontent

PARASYMPATHETIC

In eye

Pupil constriction (Miosis)

Dropping of eye lid (Ptosis) Slight backward retraction of

eye ball (Endophthalmos)

Vasodilation of lacrimal vessel

In salivary gland

Vasodilation of salivary vessel


7/21

HEAD AND NECK

In skin

Vasoconstriction of

cutaneous vessel

producing pallor

Stimulating of sweating

Piloerection of hair

mainly in animals

In skin

Vasodilation of

cutaneous vessel

producing flushing offacial skin

Inhibition of sweating

(Anhydrosis)


8/21

CAUSE : UNILATERAL LESION OR INJURY OF SYMPATHETIC SUPPLY TO HEAD AND NECK AS IN

CASE OF TUMORS OF CERVICAL LYMPH NODES.

MANIFESTATION :

MIOSIS (PUPILLARY CONSTRICTION)

PTOSIS (DROPPING OF EYE LID)

ENDOPHTHALMOS (SLIGHT BACKWARD RETRACTION OF EYE LID)

ANHYDROSIS (LOSS OF SWEATING)

VASODILATION OF CUTANEOUS VESSEL WITH FLUSHING OF FACIAL SKIN.

Horners Syndrome


9/21THORAX


10/21

SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS

SYSTEM

PARASYMPATHETIC

NERVOUS SYSTEM

HEART Stimulation of all

cardiac properties

Promotes of all cardiac

properties

Vasodilation of

coronaries

Vasoconstriction of

coronaries

LUNG Relaxation of airway Contraction of airway

Vasoconstriction ofpulmonary vessels

Vasodilatation of

pulmonary vessels

Inhibition of bronchial

glands

Promotion of bronchial

glands


11/21


12/21

SYMPATHETIC

NERVOUS SYSTEM

PARASYMPATHETIC

NERVOUS SYSTEM

LIVER Stimulation of hepatic

glycogenolysis

No stimulation

GALL BLADDER Relaxation of gall

bladder

Constriction of sphincter

Contraction of gall

bladder

Relaxation of sphincter


13/21

SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS

SYSTEM

PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS

SYSTEM

KIDNEY Vasoconstriction of renal

blood vessels

Stimulation of:

i. Adrenaline

ii. Noradrenaline

Vasodilatation of renal

blood vessels

GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

(GIT)

Inhibition:

Gastrointestinal secretions

Motility

Evacuation

Vasoconstriction of the

blood supply

Promotes:

Gastrointestinal secretions

Motility

Evacuation

Vasodilatation of the blood

supply


14/21

SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS

SYSTEM

PARASYMPATHETIC

NERVOUS SYSTEM

PANCREAS Inhibition of

pancreatic vessels

Vasoconstriction of

pancreatic vessels

Contraction of splenic

capsule

Vasodilation of

pancreatic vessels

Relaxation of splenic

capsule


15/21

Sympathetic &

Parasymphatetic supply to

Pelvis


16/21

For pelvis:

SYMPATHETIC PARASYMPATHETIC

1. Colon: Retention of faeces

1. Colon: Stimulating defecation

2. Urinary Bladder: Retention of urine

2. Urinary Bladder: Stimulating urination

3. Pelvis:

Vasoconstrictions of blood vessels

3. Pelvis:

Vasodilations of blood vessels

4. Sex Organs: For male: Semen is ejaculated.

For female: Variable effects according tomenstruation phase.

4. Sex Organs: For male: Ejaculation of semen is inhibited.

For female: Variable effects according tomenstruation phase.


17/21

Limbs, thoracic and abdominal parities

SYMPATHETIC

NERVOUS SYSTEM

PARASYMPATHETIC

NERVOUS SYSTEMSKIN Stimulation of sweat

glands leading to

increase sweating

No stimulation of

sweat glands-decrease

sweating

Stimulation of

piloerector muscleproducing erection of

hair

No stimulation of

piloerector muscle

Vasoconstriction of

cutaneous blood

vessels

No vasoconstriction

SKELETAL MUSCLE Vasodilation of blood

vessels

No vasodilation

Increase blood glucose

level (increase

glycogenolysis in

skelatal muscle )

Decrease in blood

sugar level


18/21


19/21

Orbelli phenomenon

It denotes to :

Better contraction

Delayed fatigue

Early recovery of skeletal muscleafter fatigue


20/21

Mechanism of orbelli phenomenon

It may

due to

Increase

glycogenolysis in

skeletal muscle

(stimulation of

phosphorylaseenzyme )

Increase motor endplate sensitivity to

acetyl choline

Increased

oxygen

consumptionand heat

production

Increased in blood

supply to the

muscles (skeletalvasodilatation)


21/21

THANK YOU

final masterpiece

Documents