final bucharest
TRANSCRIPT
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TIM TURNERCOURSE DIRECTOR CRIMINOLOGY
COVENTRY UNIVERSITY
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Our courses scored100%in the 2011National Student Survey
in terms of satisfaction
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Study abroad: Malta; Malmo + developing linkswith other European institutions
Year Three spent in partner institution abroad:
Take modules totalling 80 credits abroad and 40 credit
module reflecting on learning experience on return
Choose from range of modules loosely related to degree
Gain certificate of study abroad in addition to degree on
graduating
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Optional field trips abroad: New York
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Essays
Exams
Poster presentations
Reports
Case studies
Podcasts
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Lectures
Seminars / Workshops
On-line environment
Independent study
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Tim Turner - Senior Lecturer in Criminology
202CRM Victims and Victimology
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Which is Worse?
White male punches a black male in a
racially motivated assault
White male punches a white male in an
assault
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yS6nWXrPDNk
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What do we mean by Hate?
The extreme of prejudice, bias, bigotry,
hostility and anger
Hate crime is essentially criminal behaviour
motivated by prejudice
(Hall, 2005)
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What social factors should be included
(example: ethnicity )?
What crimes should be included?
What problems might there be in trying toprosecute people for hate crime?
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It is a relatively new term, which has noglobal definition as crime is constructed
differently across cultures with differentsocial norms
(Hall, 2005)
Hate Crime isnotoriously difficult to
define
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Redefining Hate Crime
A racist incident is any incident which is
perceived to be racist by the victim orany other person (Macpherson, 1999)
No longer a decision based on the
Police Officers individual opinion
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Beyond Racism
Any hate incident which constitutes acriminal offence, perceived by the victim or
any other person, as being motivated by
prejudice or hate (ACPO, 2005:9)
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Hate and Oppression
Hate violence is not a series of isolated incidents
but rather the consequences of a politicalculture which allocates rights, privileges andprestige according to biological or socialcharacteristics
(Sheffield, 1995: 438, cited in Hall, 2005: 3)
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'Difference'
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Disability?
Gender?
Ethnicity?
Class?
Nationality? Sexuality?
'Difference'
Faith?
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Political & Social Context of Hate
Based on deeply ingrained socialhierarchies of identity
A hierarchy of difference where your
position of power is founded on your race
sexuality gender class faith, etc
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Examples
Gay .v. Straight
Islam .v. Christianity
Able Bodied People .v. Disabled People
Men .v. Women
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Hate Crime Key Questions
What prejudices should we criminalise?
What crimes are we going to include in ourdefinitions?
How strong must the relationship betweenthe offence and the prejudice be? Who willdecide?
How much hate crime there is dependson how hate crime is conceptualised anddefined (Jacobs and Potter, 1998: 27)
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Low Prejudice / High
Causation
Low Prejudice /
Low Causation
Causal Link Between Hate and Offending
High Prejudice /
Low Causation
High Prejudice /
High Causation1
4
3
2
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Prejudice: The Foundation of Hatred
An attitude towards a
certain social group
A behaviour or action
derived from the
attitude
Prejudice Discrimination
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Stereotyping
Prejudice attitudes leading to hate behaviour
are learnt Social and culturalstereotyping is a major factor
To Stereotype someone is to attribute to thatperson some characteristics which areseen to
be shared by all or most of his or her fellowgroup members(Brown, 1995: 82, cited in Hall, 2005: 27)
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Fill in the gaps
All British people are
All students are ..
All police officers are
All drug users are
All University Lecturers are
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We stereotype other groups and see them as different
less human
ExampleThe War on Terror
each side generates images of dehumanisation
and enacts violent acts which confirm the
stereotypes of inhumanity such a process spirals
rapidly, mutually reinforcing the discourse of eitherside.(Young 2007: 158)
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