Ada entomologica serbica, 2000, S (112): 13-28 UDC 595.768 (497.11)

WEEVILS (COLEOPTERA:CURCULIONOIDEA)

OF THE LAKES OF KRAGUJEVAC

(first communication)

SNEZANA PESIC

Faculty of Science, Kragujevac University, P.O. Box 60, YU-34000 Kragujevac

The results of weevils collecting in July 200 I, near the three lakes of Kragujevac(Sumarice, Bubanj and Grosnica), are represented here. Four hundred and nine adults werecollected, including 84 species, 45 genera, and five families: Rhynchitidae, Apionidae,Nanophyidae, Eryrhinidae and Curcurlionidae. The results for individual lakes were:Sumarice, 204 specimens belonging to 47 species; Bubanj, 67 specimens, 16 species; andGrosnica, 138 specimens, 49 species. Eleven species were aquatic or semiaquatic: the onlycaptured species of Eryrhinidae, Tanysphirus lemnae; three species of Bagous ibagdatensis,co//ignensis, and lutulentus); and seven species of the tribe Phytobiini (subfamilyCeutorhynchinae, family Cucurlionidae), viz., Pelenomus cana/iculatus, P comari, P waltoni,Phytobius leucogaster, Rhinoncus inconspectus, R. pericarpius and R. perpendicularis.Fourteen of the recorded species are new for the Kragujevac basin. Seven of them are aquat­ic: Tanysphirus lemnae, Bagous bagdatensis, B. collignensis. B. lutulentus, Pelenomuscana/iculatus, Pelenomus waltoni and R. perpendicularis.

KEy WORDs: Weevils, Kragujevac, lakes

INTRODUCTION

As a superfamily of beetles that includes the family of animals with the mostspecies on our planet (Curculionidae), weevils have not bypassed freshwater habi­tats. In the case of China, for example, it has been established that of about 2000species of weevils, 71 are aquatic or semiaquatic, although an experienced ento­mological team succeeded in collecting only 28 species, while for the others it isassumed that they are probably present (CALDARA & O'BRIEN, 1995).

A detailed ecological study of danger to the weevil fauna in Germany showedthat precisely aquatic forms are the most threatened in regard to habitat(WINKELMANN,1991).

14Acta ent. serb., 2000. 5 (112): 13-28

S. PESIC: Weevils of the lakes of Kragujevac

"""11 -s: ," "0' ")1"'1 'I" ,,, "r' 'U','" ( , III • "\ Th~~~~y~a~('i982-1984) investigatio~'~'i'~ th'~Abr~~fpri'~ta~~cf~\\N~ti~~~~tpi;~(Slovakia) among other things yielded definition of phytocenosis-linked socionsof weevils (MAJZLAN & HOLECOVA, 1986). Since the investigated natural biotopesincluded wet habitats (alder groves, reed stands, peat-bogs), it is clear that thedefined socions (which are named for the dominant species, like Bagoicium punc­ticolitii also contain hygrophilic forms.

Aquatic weevils are mainly confined to stagnant or very slowly flowingwater. Aquatic and semiaquatic weevils possess many morphological and etholog­ical adaptations to life in water or alongside it. They have water-repelent glazes,pubescence/. d1(~~allteOls()lUIe.l n~rrPl~~ttdl1( f~~ti(llp,? a)ldl ~,¥1ibit different

swimming ~echniqUf~:\,~,ff~9~f~'~f.f~i~ns}o!~.f~1rll\f~~,tipf;frrwate~, by movingall three pairs of legs sImultaneously. The majority of 13agous species and otherwater weevils swim by "dog..~ndfllii1g~;'nGmrtail1l·pnytobius species swim as theywalk, i.e., by means of alternating movements (CALDARA & O'BRIEN, 1995).

.B~~au~~t~~t}re for me ~ost p:art cO~~,~,aled ~n their, hos~.pl~~ts u~der~aterby day atith~We}lgeon the strrface of tbe'latter' or dther' plants (flotant' and emersed)at ni~ht, when they perform all acti~ities (CALDARA& O'BRIEN, 1995), aquatic

w~~YJl$',\}t~r~~;!~~t:;6QW:~}J~t~lX,:'ti~t~~I·iH:lJP~,:~arlie:','.i,q~r.~~~~'p,f :~yeVi,l~"i?r, theK~(lguJ~~f\Cb~~~ni(p.ij$;Ic; ,j:~9:7r ,~f;Sl{:;j i 9:Q.~), \Y.l:11~4ImfluqeQ, ,s~,V((U 'sp'eq~~ ofthem.J;One:~1tll~tireQi.andt fifseen .species"t~ncludingJ••. four' IthatiaIre . aquaeic, -viz. ,BJg~p~{ifuH;~~{f~~i~ '(~~,~~S~l; '~,?:~?~11l}I«rn{?~'t~f f,e,r,i~~fJii~1;J~i~:~,!p~fpe7lf.~J~ris,an~tB~~,{N'AAu~\~r~\'Pl§o.:}f·~~yt,Q~~~~J.J~Qwq.n.tij~~Ul~w~I~imen):ec;ow;e AW,qampmead~~,alongsidt,.!§tre:hns:and<lak0Sl;'~,'3 spe€ie:sl(includin~\twolthat,are·.aquatic,

vi~;i:.::~ff{h!.:~.\..~.J::\(~~hft,"f,...\~.:,prZ,.;1J.,~~d.. \rt;~).'/dr,p~'I\.".R~,~r,,~.dt.}~i',',:~~,;79.:,.\.. '!~,)::~.'.,h.,'8..~.,~r...,f.}.. ,en,'.p.I~.'\~~.'.'.:.(,for­rne~}fJ:P.~Ji~O:Hl~)(flQmG,li~;{lJI~~t~))~'JV,vjyredft!~p~4~(i;1jl,1),'\~WGVI\P¥·i~a.do~sr!~nqonesp·eoi~i'l'\6i'z'j,P,h)N{)&ius.(f~mretl\Y\Litbd€1e~),lius).,J'euoogaSter,'fMargh,y,wai~,rc~cord­ed from a lake (one more species·'W~~\Wr61fgly\tlehti'fi'~\dJ.Exce~fthis':'bt'i)1'e-s\S'wet

habitats some aquatic or semiaquatic adult weevil8')(\¥.~fe: collected: .Neophytobius(formerly Phytobius) quadrinodosus (Gyll.), Rhinoncus pericarpius (valleymeadows), Rhinoncus pericarpius and Rh, -perpendicularis (uncultivated land)and Rh. pericarpius (ash forest). Specialized 'study of the weevil fauna in andalongside .(50 to 100 In fromthe shp~~),tl;l~)ak~s.!9~,Kraguje,yac;~,gst1J.~refore

,Q~gl,lnjA,JQPJi;',1·,,~r,... " ~;., ,UilHniU:; i'

OOy ;::",1: :. ! ' .. :M'ATERL~tANb ,METHb'os!:,, , ~ _. , ., • ,.: ,. '. ,t ~ ./ ~. '. ;' ,

J ~ ~,"l:,JH!(j :;U.~ L).{ :}; fl' 'N J,"lr-'1 ,,'< ,~~ ,',I," ",r' fl. UJ J~i £![: '/)! l' ,\ \'\·l/J I-,;'j ,',-' .s s. -: 11 )1: ' ........ i,~;,tj ~;.'r j ~

Investiga~p~vh;H(~i~Q 4a.~;:9~thinI~\~~~g.(9~ itll~iJ.j~~er,y~ir)n Jlwl ~,Bm~~~:G~Memorial Park, the Bubanj artificiallakelet in the center of town, and the Grosnica

lf~~J(~?f~if.fillrnL'\'~ ,r; ,;!EJi;! ([.1:,:1·.',' H:.,il

lcJ ~-C:iH} (",':1 ni lY.;.~n~JrLJ·ld.' i ~:,o,;r r .11!( /,tI ':I() i j nd f

Acta ent. serb., 2000, 5 (1/2): 13-28S. PESIC: Weevils of the lakes of Kragujevac 15

Material was collected in the morning (before 10:00 h) on July 6 in Sumarice,July 7 on the Bubanj lakelet, and July 11 on the Grosnica reservoir.

The techniques used included shaking of plants, rinsing of aquatic plants, andexamination (unfruitful) of mud in the zone of water withdrawal. In the wider zonearound the lakes, the methods of "scything" and separation of insects from soil andsediment with the aid of Tulgren-Berlesse apparatuses were also employed.

The following keys were used for determination: SMRECZYNSKI (1974),DIECKMANN (1972, 1980, 1983), ANGELOV (1979, 1980), FREUDE et al. (1981,1983), SMRECZYNSKI (1974).

Nomenclature is that used by ABBAZZI et al. (1995) and ALONSO-ZARAZAGA& LYAL (1999).

The lake in the Sumarice Memorial Park was constructed in 1964-1967 bydamming the Susicki brook. Its original purpose (irrigation) was altered due tolack of funds, and water of the reservoir is now used by the city's firemen, themunicipal sanitation department, and the park service. This reservoir is 1350 mlong and 175 m wide on the average. It has a surface area of 14 ha and volume of950,000 m3 (STEPANOVIC, 1974).

The Bubanj lakelet is located almost in the center of Kragujevac. Its surfacearea is 2.7 ha. Average water depth is 1.2 m. The layer of bottom mud is about 0.7m thick, which threatens to make the lake eutrophic and degrade it to the status ofa swamp in the near future (SIMIC et al., 1994). It is fed by a spring of the samename and by groundwater. The lakelet is artificial in origin, having arisen in thealluvial flats of the Lepenica river in a depression from which earth was removedfor a brick factory before World War II and up to 1955. It is elongated in a north­east-southwest direction, has a maximal length of 300 m, and is 215 m wide. Watertemperature climbs to 30°C in summer, and the lakelet freezes over in winter.Because it was overgrown with reeds and neglected, water was diverted from thelakelet to the Lepenica in 1971, when the bottom was cleaned and gravelled, afterwhich the refilled lakelet was annexed to the "Jezero" Sport-Recreation Center(STEPANOVIC, 1974).

The Grosnica reservoir was constructed on the Grosnica river (a right-handtributary of the Lepenica) for water supply of the city of Kragujevac and industri­al uses. The oldest artificial lake in Serbia, it was filled with water in the spring of1938. It is 1750 m long, with greatest width of 250 m. Surface area comprises 22ha. Original volume of the reservoir was 2. 17 x 106 m-. Destruction of forestsoccurred during and after World War II, which led to strong erosion and partial fill­ing of the reservoir (900 m' of sediment/km- year), so that depth near the darn

16Acta ent. serb., 2000, 5 (112): 13-28

S. PESIl.':: Weevils of the lakes of Kragujevac

shrank from 26 m originally to 19 m in 1950. Barren slopes were thereforeafforested and numerous fences were constructed to check erosion, while in 1962the dam was raised 7.3 m to reach a constructive height of 50 m, after which depthof the lake by the dam attained a value of21 m and its capacity grew to 3.53 x 106

m3 (STEPANOVIC, 1974).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Collecting in the morning was fairly successful. Four hundred and nine adultswere collected, including 84 species, 45 genera, and five families: Rhynchitidae,one species (one specimen, in the Sumarice); Apionidae, 21 species (75 speci­mens); Nanophyidae, four species (97 specimens); Eryrhinidae, one species (onespecimen); and Curcurlionidae, 57 species (235 specimens). (Tab. I).

The results for individual lakes were as follows: Sumarice, 204 specimens(half of the total amount of collected material), including 108 males and 96females belonging to 47 species (Rhynchitidae, one species; Apionidae, 14;Nanophyidae, three; and Cucurlionidae, 29); Bubanj, 67 specimens (31 males, 36females) belonging to 16 species (Apionidae, five species; Nanophyidae, four; andCucurlionidae, seven); and Grosnica, 138 specimens (78 males, 60 females)belonging to 49 species (Apionidae, 10 species; Nanophyidae, three; Eryrhinidae,one; and Cucurlionidae, 35). (Tab. I)

Eleven species (nearly 13%) were aquatic or semiaquatic: the only capturedspecies of Eryrhinidae, Tanysphirus lemnae; three species ofBagous (bagdatensis,collignensis, and lutulentus); and seven species of the tribe Phytobiini (subfamilyCeutorhynchinae, family Cucurlionidae), viz., Pelenomus canaliculatus, Pcomari, P waltoni, Phytobius leucogaster, Rhinoncus inconspectus, R. pericarpiusand R. perpendicularis.

Fourteen of the recorded species are new for the Kragujevac basin (PESIC,1998). Seven of them are aquatic: Tanysphirus lemnae, Bagous bagdatensis, B.collignensis, B. lutulentus, Pelenomus canaliculatus, Pelenomus waltoni and R.perpendicularis.

Tanysphirus lemnae lives on plants of the genera Lemna and Spirodela, aswell as on Calla Palustris. Studying its biology on Lemna minor in 1922, Urbanfound that the adult constructs a passage in leaves of the host and lays its eggsthere. The larva feeds on leaf parenchyma. It damages several leaves in the courseof development, swimming easily on the water surface thanks to a water-repellentsecretion and a covering of water-resistant scales (CALDARA & O'BRIEN, 1995).Only when forced by necessity does this species live on Myriophyllum spicatum(LEKIC & MIHAJLOVIC,1970).

TAKSONRhyne h i t i da e Gistel, 1856Rhynehitinae Gis te1, 1856Rhynehitini Gistel,1856Rhynehitina Gstel, 1856Temnocerus Thunberg, 1815

tomentosus (Gyllenhal,1839)A pi 0 n ida e Schonherr, 1823AJioninae Schonherr, 1823A pi 0 n i n i Schonherr, 1823Apion Herbst, 1797

miniatum (Cermar, 1833)Api e mo n in i Schonherr, 1823PerapionWagner, 1907

violaceum (Kirby, 1808)As pi dapi i n i Alonso-Zarazaga, 1990Aspidapion Schilsky, 1901

radio/us (Marsharn, 1802)C era t a pi i n i Alonso-Zarazaga, 1990CeratapionSchilsky, 1901(Acanephodus) Alonso-Zarazaga, 1990

onopordi (Kirby, 1808)Ka Ic a pi i n i Alonso-Zarazaga, 1990MelanapionWagner, 1930

minimum (Herbst 1797)Sqamapion Bokor,1923

vicinum (Kirby, 1808)TaeniapionSchilsky,1906

urticarius (Herbst, 1784)Oxystomatini Alonso-Zarazaga, 1990Oxystormtina Alonso-Zarazaga, 1990Cyanapion Bokor, 1923

gyllenhali (Kirby 1808)Eutrichapion Reitter, 1916

locality Suma.:ice----- Bubanj Gro~Rica ::n>'"C~

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 trl =~fD

m f m f m f m f m f m f m f m f m f m f m f m r m r m f 0 ("'). =.. -c::~;~- ('Il "'le -e C"

:;t =.;.:(/l N

~ 00

§ ""'0.... 0::r~

0- ('Il VI.0

~-;:;c::I:\)

~-B::sa. s,:..:.-I:\) ~YJ-:;;:. .... N

I I 2 2 ~ ~oo(") .E:.0 ('Il

3 <:~"0 .(')

I I 0~.;3-'IJ'0_::s ~

0-....,~~~

:5.Vi

I I I I 0....,-::l"'~

I 2 I ~I:\)

(J'Q

.E.~

-e2 2

I:\)(")V>-

~:;0;-~V>

.....'-oJ

TAKSON

locality Sumarice1 2 3 4 5

mfmfmfmfmfm

Bubanj Gro§nica6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

f m f m f m f m f m f m f m f m f

-00

I I

2

(Eutrichapion)viciae (Paykull, 1800)

(Cnemapion)Bokor, 1923gribodoi (Desbrochers, 1896)

(Psilacollymrna) Alonso-Zarazaga, 1990puncttgerum (Paykull, 1792)

Catapina Alonso-Zarazaga, 1990Catapion Schilsky, 1906

seniculus (Kirby, 1808)Sinapiina Alonso-Zarazaga, 1990Ischnopterapion Bokor, 1923(lschnopterapion)

loti (Kirby, 1808)(Chlorapion)Gyorffy, 1956

virens (Herbst, 1797)Stenopterapion Bokor, 1923(Stenopterapion)

renue (Kirby, 1808)Piezotrachelini Voss, 1959Protapion Schilsky, 1908

aprtcans (Herbst, 1797)dent/pes (Gerstacker, 1854)fulvipes (Fourcroy, 1785) (=jlavipes Paykull, 1792)ononicola (Bach, 1854)trifolii (Linnaeus, 1768)varipes (Germar, 1817)

Nanophyidae Gistel, 1856NanoliJyinae Giste1, 1856Nanophyini Giste1, 1856DieckmannieIJus Alonso-Zarazaga, 1989

helveticus (Toumier, 1867)Nanomimus Alonso-Zarazaga, 1989

anularus (Aragona, 1830)

2

2103

I 2 11 2 2 I

~cr(D

,,-...ng-..:...- ::n

~o»n·.. >~~n =-< I'D

~~o II>....,I'D-.,::rC"n ;-IV

~g~ 0

g,~;;-::::.., .......~ IV

(JQ--'~.:..:.n Vol-< I~ IVn 00

TAKSONNanophyes Schonherr, 1838

brevis Boheman, 1845marmoratus (Goeze, 1777)Erirhinidae Schonherr, 1823Erirhininae Schonherr,1823Tanysphyrini Gistel, 1856Tanysphirus Gerrnar, 1817

lemnae (Fabricius, 1792)Curculionidae Latreille, 1802Curculioninae Latreille, 1802Anthonomini C.GThomson,1859Bradybatus Gerrnar, 1824(Bradybatus)

seriesetosus Petri, 1912Cur cuI ion i n i Latreille, 1802Curculionina Latreille, 1802Archarius Gistel, 1856(Archarius)Gistel, 1856

crux (Fabricius, 1777)sal icivorus (Paykull,1792)

Me c i n i n i Gistel, 1856Gymnetron Schonherr, 1825(Gymnetron)

erinaceus (Bedel, 1885)veronice (Gennar, 1821)villosulum (Gyllenhal, 1838)

(Rhinusa) Stephens, 1829smreczynskii Fremuth, 1972

Stereonychus Suffiian, 1854fraxini (DeGeer, 1775)

R ham ph in i Rafinesque, 1815RhllJ11lDinaRafinesque, 1815Isochnus C.G.Thomson, 1859

locality Sumarice B uhanj Gr o s n l c a1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

m f m f m f m f m f m f m f m f m f m f m f m f m f m f

3 24 17 16 I I 5 I 4 2 1 2 I

2I

13

;10­~

----­(')

o~;+'-'

C/'J>. n""O­m =R:g.. -;:E;"(l) ~(l) .,

::::.?,Vi N00....,0-0::1'"(l) VI--~::::(l) NVl '-'

0:':'""'w7"... Nll'OO

(JQ

~.(l)-e~

-\0

TAKSONfoliorum (Muller,1776) (=saliceti Paykull, 1792)populicola Silfverberg,1977 (=populi Fabricius, 1792)

Tachyerges Schonherr, 1825decoratus (Germar, 1821)stigma (Germar, 1821)S mi c ro n yc h in i Seidlitz, 1891SmicronyxSchonherr, 1843(Smicronyx)

reichi (Gyllenhal, 1836)Tyc h i i n i C G.Thomson, 1859Tychiina C. G Thomson, 1859Tychius Gemar, 1817(Tychius)

cuprifer (Panzer,1799)junceus (Reich, 1797)meliloti Stephens, 1831picirostris (Fabricius, 1787)quinquepunctatus (Linnaeus, 1758)stephensi Schonherr, 1836(=tomentosus Herbst, 1795)tibialis Boheman, 1843Bagoinae C G.Thomson, 1859

Bagous Germar, 1817bagdatensis Pic, 1904 (=wagneri Dieckmann, 1964)collignensis (Herbst, 1795){=claudicans Angelov, 1957)lutulentus (Gyllenhal, 1813) (=nigritarsis Thomson, 1865)Baridinae Schonherr, 1836Madopte ri n i Lacordaire,1866Zygomridina Pierce, 1907Limnobaris Bedel, 1885

dolorosa (Goeze, 1777) (=pilislriala Stephens, 1831)CeutorhynchinaeGistel, 1856Ceutorhynchini Gistel,1856Amalus Schonherr, 1825

locality Sumarice Bubanj12345678

mfm fmfmfmfm fmfmf

12

122

II 21I

Gr c s n i e a9 10 11 12 13

m f m f m f m f m f

2 I

14m f

;i0'"(i"

()o::l....o

No

~

'"'0tTlCh

f?'~

~;.~ ~-,=r;;:*o flO....,~..... .,::rC"(1) ~

-IV~g~ 0

g,'v.;;0:::--::.... -­~ IV~ '-'

~.~(1) W<: I

~ ~

8 5

1 3

1 3 1

2 I

N.....

Vl~• I")

""0­rn =C/><~

n =.. -~;"n ~n ..,-e 0'"-- ;Vi No 0""'0-0::r­n VI

~~n NCIl_

o :..:.""'1,;.);r::. I

... NIl> 00

OtlEn<:~~

C"c:r-.()

o::3....o

11 12 13 14m f m f m f m f

Gr o s n i c a1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

mfm fmfmfm fm fmfmfmfmf

locality Sum a ric e B u ba nj

TAKSONscortillum (Herbst, 1795)

Ceutorhynchus Gerrnar, 1824floralis (Paykull, 1792)niyazii Hoffinann, 1957 (=vindobonensis Dieckm.)sulcicollis (Paykull, 1800)

Datonychus Wagner, 1944arquatus (Herbst, 1795)melanostictus (Marsham, 1802)

Nedyus Schonherr, 1825quadrimaculatus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Thamiocolus C.G Thomson, 1859signatus (Gyl1enhal, 1837)P h Yt 0 b i i n i Gistel, 1856Pelenornus C.G Thomson, 1859

canaliculatus (Fahraeus, 1843)comari (Herbst, 1795)v.altoni (Bohernan, 1843)

Phytobius Schonherr, 1833leucogaster (Marsham, 1802) (=myriophylli Gyllenhal,1813)

Rhynoncus Schonherr, 1825inconspectus (Herbst,pericarpius (Linnaeus, 1758)perpendicularis (Reich, 1797)Cryporh}1lchinae Schonherr, 1825Cryptorhynchini Schonherr, 1825Tylodina Lacordaire, 1866Echinodera Wollaston, 1863(Echinodera)

capiomonti (H. Brisout, 1864)Entiminae Schonherr, 1823Polydrusini Schonherr, 1823Polydrusus Gerrnar, 1817(Eustolus) C. G Thomson, 1859

TAKSON

locality Sumarice Bubanj Gr of n i c a1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

mfm fmfmfmfm fmfmfmfmfmfmfmfmf

NN

1 1corruscus Germar, 1824Sci a pb iIi n i Sharp, 1891Eusomus Germar, 1824(Eusomus)

ovulum Gennar, 1824Sciaphobus K Daniel, 1904

caesius (Hampe,1870)S i to n in i Gistel,1856Sitona Gennar, 1817(Sitona)

hispidulus (Fabricius, 1777)humeralis Stephens, 1831Iineatus (Linnaeus, 1758)longulus (Clyl1enhal, 1834)puncticollis Stephens, 1831sulcifrons (Thunberg, 1798)IIperinae Marseul, 1863Hy pe r in i Marseul, 1863Donus Jekel, 1865

oxalidis (Herbst, 1795)Hypera Gennar, 1817(Hypera)

elongata (Paykul1, 1792)meles (Fabricius, 1792)nigrirostris (Fabricius, 1775)rumicis (Linnaeus, 1758)viciae (Clyllenhal, 1813)

4

12

22

;i0­~

-­og.-+o y;

~r;pn,,. >~~(l) =~ ~-,=Vi~

o '"....,~

..... ""::rCl"(l) ;

-N~g~ 0

;a,~;r::';::"1 '<,

~!j.c ..n't:<: I

~ Nn 00

TAKSONlixinae Schonherr, 1823L i xi n i Schonherr, 1823LarinusDejean, 1821(Phyllonomeus)Gis tel, 1856

sturnus (Schaller, 1783)Lixus Fabricius, 1801(Epimeces) Billberg, 1820

fihformis (Fabricius,1781) (=e/ongatus Cioeze, 1777)

Legend: 1) Collected by rinsing of waterplant;2) tip of lake (plants in shallowwaterand mud);3) willows;4) periodically flooded meadow;5) dry left bank (meadow);6) reedsnearserves station (left bank);7) v.ew toward road;8) right bank (vew towardcafe and spring);

locality Sumarice Bubanj Gr oj m c a1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

mfm fmfmfmfm fmfmfmfmfmfmfmfmf

1 I

I 1

9) meadow in Tresnjevak (belowgra~ard, between road and ri..er);10)by Grosnicabrook;11)willowgrole;12)by canal at tip of lake, belowsmall dam;13)right bank, dry part;14)mixeddeciduous forest abo..e road illlowing right bank (litter);m - male; f - female.

;10­~

-.(")

oa

-:.--

en>. n~­ttl =?5:g.. -~~til .,-e C'"_.,;Vi N00....,0-0:::r~

til VI

~'2tIlNen '-'0:':'""w~l.... N1»00

OCI..E.til<~

tvw

24Acta ent. serb., 2000, 5 (1/2): 13-28

S. PESIC.':: Weevils of the lakes of Kragujevac

Among the aquatic species, Bagous bagdatensis Pic, 1904 (= B. wagneriDieckmann, 1964) stands out with respect to the number of specimens collected(36). Widely disseminated in Central, Southern, and Southeast Europe as well asAsia Minor, this species on the territory of the former Yugoslavia had up to nowbeen registered only in the guise of three specimens from Montenegro (Budva,Virpazar, and Ulcinj), all of them collected by foreign entomologists (... , 1993).With 35 specimens, it is even the dominant species on the lake in Sumarice. Thefoodplant of this species is still unknown. The insects climb out of the water ontosurrounding vegetation at dusk (HOLECOVA, 1993).

Bagous eollignensis and B. lutulentus develop in Equisetum limosum(FREUDE et al., 1883).

To judge from biology of the related species Bagous affinis Hustache and B.laevigatus O'Brien and Pajni (BENNETT & BUCKINGHAM, 1991), these insects areincapable of swimming on the surface. Only the occasional specimen manages tocrawl along the host's stem under water, but it surfaces immediately on being dis­turbed. Under conditions of submersion in an experiment, 90% of adults of bothsexes of the former species survived two days. It turned out that males can remainlonger under water. Adults under water obtain oxygen by means of plastron breath­ing (oxygen from the water diffuses into a thin layer of air around the body, whichis maintained owing to scales and spines on the surface). Larvae and pupae devel­op in tubers of the water weed Hydrilla vertieillata. They likewise can developnormally for only a limited time in tubers under submersed conditions, at theexpense of the amount of air in hollow tubers. Under normal (nonexperimental)conditions, adults feed on all parts of the host plant. Larvae under natural condi­tions do not assault inundated (submersed) tubers, but instead develop in tubers(underground turions) of Hydrilla on the stream bank after water withdrawal, i.e.,during the dry period. Complete development at 2rC on the average lasts 21.9days. Potamogeton peetinatus also serves frequently as the host plant.

On the Bubanj lakelet, Nanophyes marmoratus is dominant with 35 capturedspecimens (more than half of the total number). In contrast to it, Nanomimus anu­latus should be mentioned as a rarer species of the same family that was foundonly alongside this lakelet in the center of town. This species was previouslyrecorded in the Kragujevac basin (PE~;I('::, 1997) on damp meadows in the Sumaricepark, as well as at the Drac and Grbica localities. Both species were taken from thehost plant, Lythrum saliearia (ANGELOV, 1980). Larvae of the former develop inthe fruit, those of the latter in galls on the main leaf vein. The other two species ofNanophyidae iDieckmanniellus helvetieus with 27 specimens and Nanophyes bre­vis with eight) are linked with the same host and were found at all three lakes.

Also characteristic of the Bubanj lakelet was the finding of eight specimensof Phytobius leueogaster, a species that lays its eggs in unopened emersed flower

Acta ent. serb., 2000, 5 (1/2): 13-28S. Paste: Weevils of the lakesof Kragujevac 25

clusters of Myriophyllum spicatum or between them. Development of the larvaeoccurs in and on the same plant, often under water. Chrysalis formation is in thewater in a leathery cocoon on the stem of the host. Cocoons are supplied with airfrom the plant aerenchyma. May to December is given as the period of activity ofthe imago. During reproduction, the body of the adult is surrounded by an air bub­ble (it can spend 8-24 h under submersed conditions) (BUCKINGHAM & BENNET,1981). Later during the winter, the adult hides under fallen leaves, in moss, andelsewhere. Following three-year experiments on biological suppression ofMyriophyllum spicatum as a weed, LEKIC & MIHAJLOVIC (1970) recommendedprecisely this species of weevil.

Pelenomus canaliculatus is biologically linked with Myriophyllum verticil/a­tum and M spicatum (CALDARA & O'BRIEN, 1995) and was recorded only on theSumarice lake. Pelenomus waltoni, this time recorded only on that lake, but pre­viously recorded (PESIC, 1997) on the Bubanj lakelet, lives on Polygonumhydropiper and P mite. On the other hand, P. comari is a polyphagous form thatfeeds on Comarum, Alchemila and Lythrum (FREUDE et. al., 1983). It is nowrecorded on the Grosnica reservoir and Bubanj lakelet, having been previouslyregistered on the Sumarice lake as well (PESIC, 1997). The larvae of all Pelenomusspecies are exposed (naked) and live on the underside of leaves of the host.

Rhinoncus inconspectus (all 13 specimens of which were found by theGrosnica reservoir) and R. perpendicularis (only one specimen of which wasfound in the Sumarice park this time, but which in 1997 was also recorded both onthe Grosnica reservoir and near Zdraljica river) are linked with Polygonumamphibium and P. lapathifolium (CALDARA & O'BRIEN, 1995), to some extent com­peting with each other as adults, although development of the former occurs in theroot, while the latter develops in the leaf petiole and stem. Biologically linked withRumex (FREUDE et ai, 1983; ANGELOV, 1979), R. pericarpius was found this time(five specimens) only by the Grosnica reservoir, but was previously also recordedboth in the Sumarice park and in the Adzine Livade (PESIC, 1997).

To the list of aquatic species of weevils in Kragujevac can also be added onesrecorded previously (PESIC, 1997; PESIC, 1998), but not captured this time:Eryrhinus scirpi (Fabricius, 1792) (= Notaris scirpi F.), which is linked withTypha, Scirpus, and Carex species and was previously found in the Sumarice park;Bagous tempestivus (Herbst, 1795), which develops in Ranunculus repens(FREuDE et al., 1983) or in Potamogeton (ANGELOV, 1979) and was previouslyrecorded in the Sumarice park and at the Draca and Vinjista localities; andNeophytobius quadrinodosus (Gyllenhal, 1813), which is biologically linked withPolygonum and Rumex and was previously found in the Sumarice park and inVinjista.

26Acta ent. serb., 2000, 5 (1/2): 13-28

S. PE~IC: Weevils of the lakes of Kragujevac

Continuation of the present investigation is planned, together with its exten­sion to the Gruza reservoir if circumstances permit.

REFERENCES

ABBAZZl, P., COLONNELLI, E., MASUTTI, L., OSELLA, G. (1995): 61. Coleoptera PolyphagaXVI (Curculionoidea). In: MINELLI, A., RUFFO, s., LA POSTA, S.: Cheklist delle speciedella fauna italiana. Ministero dell'Ambiente e Comitato Scientifico per la Faunad'Italia; Edizioni calderini, Bologna; 68pp.

ALONSO-ZARAZAGA, M. A, LYAL, C. H. C. (1999): A world catalogue offamilies and gen­era of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) (Excepting Scolytidae andPlatypodidae). Entomopraxis; Barcelona: 315 pp.

ANGELOV, P. (1979): Fauna of Bulgaria; t-9; Coleoptera, Curculionidae, III part:Calandrininae I. BAN, Sofiya: 261 pp. [Bulgarian]

ANGELOV, P. (1980): Fauna of Bulgaria; t-IO; Coleoptera, Curculionidae, IV part:Calandrininae II. BAN, Sofiya: 30I pp. [Bulgarian]

BENNETT, C. A BUCKINGHAM, G. R. (1991): Laboratory Biologies of Bagous affinis and B.laevigatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidaei Attacking Tubers of Hydril/a verticillata(Hydrocharitaceae). Ann. Entomo!. Soc. Am. 84 (4): 420-428.

BUCKINGHAM, G. R., BENNET, C. A (1981): Laboratory Biology and Behavior ofLitodactylus leucogaster, a Ceutorhynchinae Weevil that Feeds on Watermilfoils.Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am., 74: 451-458.

CALDARA, R., O'BRIEN, C. W. (1995): Curculionidae: Aquatic weevils of China (Coleop­tera). - in JACH, M.A & JI, L. (eds): Water Beetles ofChina. Wien; Vo!. I: 389-408.

DIECKMANN, L. (1972): Beitrage zur Insektenfauna der DDR: Coleoptera - Curculionidae(Ceutorhynchinae). Beitr. Entomol. Berlin 22 (112): 3-128.

DIECKMANN, L. (1980): Beitrage zur Insektenfauna der DDR: Coleoptera - Curculionidae(Brachycerinae, Otiorhynchina, Brachyderinae). Beitr. Entomol. Berlin 30: 145-310.

DIECKMANN, L. (1983): Beitrage zur Insektenfauna der DDR: Coleoptera - Curculionidae(Tanymecinae, Leptopiinae, Cleoninae, Tanyrhynchinae, Cosonina,Raymondionyminae, Bagoinae, Tanysphyrinaei. Beitr. Entomo!. Berlin 33 (2): 257­381.

FREUDE, H., HARDE, K. W., LOHSE, G. A. (1981): Die kdfer Mitteleuropas; band 10.Krefeld: 102-310.

FREUDE, H., HARDE, K. W., LOHSE, G. A (1983): Die kdfer Mitteleuropas; band II.Krefeld: 340pp.

Acta ent. serb., 2000, 5 (1/2): 13-28S. PE~lJC: Weevils of the lakes of Kragujevac 27

HOLECOVA, M. (1993): Bagous bagdatensis Pic, 1904. (=wagneri Dieckmann, 1964) (Cu­rculionidae, Coleoptera) - a little known palaearctic weevil. Ent. Probl., 24 (1): 73­80.

LEKlc, M., MIHAJLOVIC, LJ. (1970): Entomofauna of Myriophillum spicatum iHalorrhagi­daceae) as an Aquatic Weed in Yugoslavia. Arhiv za poljoprivredne nauke, Beograd;XXIII (82): 63-76. [In Serbian w. English s.]

MAJZLAN, 0., HOLEcovA, M., (1986): Sociony nosacikov (Coleoptera, Curculionidaeistatnej prirodnej rezervacie Abrod pri Zavode. Ochrana prirody, 7: 197-213.

PESIC, S. (1997): Interactions with environment and dynamics of weevils (Coeloptera,Curculionidae) in Kragujevac basin; PhD Thesis. Faculty of Science; University inKragujevac; 176 pp., + 32 tables. [In Serbian]

PESIC, S. (1998): The fauna of weevils (Coleoptera: Attelabidae; Apionidae;Curculionidae; Rhynchophoridae) in Kragujevac Basin (Serbia). Taxonomy, ecologyand distribution of Curculionoidea xx I.e.£. (1996, Firenze, Italy); Mus. reg. Sci.nat. Torino, 163-182.

SIMIC, v., JANKOVIC, D., KARAMAN, S., OSTOJIC, A., SIMIC, v., PAVLOVIC-MuRATSPAHIC, D.,RANKOVIC, B., PESIC, S., STOJANOVIC, M., SAVIC, G., MILOSEVIC, S. & ILIC, G. (1994):Ecological characteristics of lake Bubanj in Kragujevac and possibilities for its re­clamation and protection (ceo-engineering). lchthyologia; Beograd, 26 (I): 25-42.

SMRECZYNSKI, S. (1974): Key for species identification: part XIX: Beetles - Coleoptera,98f: Weevils - Curculionidae; subfamily Curculioninae, tribes: Nanophyini,Mecinini, Cionini, Anoplini, Rhynchaenini with supplements to 98a-e. PolskieTowarzystwo entomologiczne, Warszawa: 115pp. [In Polish]

STEPANOVIC, Ii. (1974): Hidrological characters ofKragujevac Basin with special reviewto the watersupply of Kragujevac. Fond za finansiranje visokoskolskih ustanova,naucne i naucno-izdavacke delatnosti SO Kragujevac; Kragujevac; 307 pp. [InSerbian]

WINKELMANN, H. (1991): Liste del' Russelkafer (Col.: Curculionidaei von Berlin mitAngaben zur Gefahrdungssituation ("Rote Liste"). Landschaftesntwicklung undUmweltforschung S6: 319-357. in: AuHAGEN, A., PLATEN, R., SUKOPP, H. (HRSG.): RoteListen der gefdhrdeten Pflanzen und Tiere in Berlin.

28Ada ent. serb., 2000, 5 (1/2): 13-28

S. PE~IC: Weevils of the lakes of Kragujevac

CYPJIAIlIM (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONOIDEA)KPArYJEBAlfKMX JE3EPA

(I1pBH npanor)

CHE)KAHA nEllIl1n

M3BO.!l

Hcrpazoman,e cnaTKOBO,QHHX H cypnaura OKO BO,QeHHX CTaHHllITa je 360rcneuadnraaor-, nperezcno CKpHBeHor HatIHHa I-bHXOBOr )KHBOTa, npHnHtIHO3aXTeBHO. Y OBOM party cy H3nO)KeHH pesyrrrara caxynrsatsa H ofipane anyrrr­HHX cyprraura y jyny 2001. rO,QHHe na KparyjeBatKHM jeaepasra IIIYMapH~e,

Ey6al-b H Fpomnaua. YKynHo je caxynrseao 409 npHMepaKa. l1,QeHTH<t>HKa~H­

jOM je yrnpljeno 84 BpCTe H3 45 ponosa, ner <t>aMHnHja - Rhynchitidae,Apionidae, Nanophyidae, Eryrhinidae HCurcurlionidae. Ie3ynTaTH no jesepanacy cnenehn: IIIYMapH~e - 204 je,QHHKe H3 47 spcra; Ey6al-b - 67 je,QHHKH H316 spcra; H rpOllIHHtKO jesepo - 138 je,QHHKH H3 49 spcra.

O,Q yxynaor 6poja, 11 BpCTa je aKBaTHtIHO HnH norryaxearnsao. To cy:je,QHHH npe,QcTaBHHK ¢aMHnHje Eryrhinidae - Tanysphirus lemnae; TpH BpCTepona Bagous (bagdatensis, collignensis, H lutulentus); H cenaa spcra rpafiycaPhytobiini (cy6<t>aMHnHja Ceutorhynchinae, ¢aMHnHja Cucurlionidae)­Pelenomus canaliculatus, P comari, P waltoni, Phytobius leucogaster, Rhinoncusinconspectus, R. pericarpius HR. perpendicularis.

no npsn nyr y xparyjeaa-xoj KOTnHHH ce 6ene)KH npncycrao 14 spcracypnaura, O,Q xera je nortonnna aKBaTHtIHa tTanysphirus lemnae, Bagous bag­datensis, B. collignensis, B. lutulentus, Pelenomus canaliculatus, Pelenomus wal­toni H R. perpendicularisi.

113HeTH npenasnmapaa peaynrarn yxasyjy na norpefiy na ce HCTpa)KH­sane HaCTaBH.

Received November 19,2001

Accepted December 20, 2001