File Transferring Protocols

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a protocol used to transfer files over the Internet.

People commonly use FTP to make files available for others to download, but you can also use FTP to upload WebPages for building a website or for putting digital photos on a picture sharing site.

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The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used to transfer computer files between a client and server on a computer network.

FTP is built on a client-server model architecture and uses separate control and data connections between the client and the server.

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• FTP uses a TCP (TCP is one of the main protocols in TCP/IP networks) control and data connection.

• The TCP ( transmission control protocol) control connection is used for opening / closing an FTP session and for transferring commands from client to server.

• The data connection is used for transferring individual files between client and server.

• Every file transfer uses a separate data connection.

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FeaturesInteractive Access

FTP provides an interactive interface to allow humans tointeract with remote servers.

Format SpecificationFTP allows the client to specify the type and

representation of stored data.The user can specify whether a file contains text or binary data.

Authentication ControlFTP requires clients to authorize themselves by sending

a login name and password to the server beforerequesting file transfers.

The server refuses access to clients that cannot provide a validlogin and password.

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So how does FTP Works?After a TCP connection is established, an FTP controlconnection is created. Internal FTP commands are passed over this logical connection based on

formatting rules established by the Telnet protocol. Each command sent by the client receives a reply from the server to indicate whether

it succeeded or failed. A data connection is established for each individual data transfer to be

performed. FTP supports either normal or passive data connections, allowing eitherthe server or client to initiate the data connection.

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The Goal of FTP FTP was created with the overall goal of allowing indirect

use of computers on a network, by making it easy for usersto move files from one place to another. Like most TCP/IPprotocols, it is based on a client/server model, with an FTP

client on a user machine creating a connection to an FTPserver to send and retrieve files to and from the server.

Themain objectives of FTP were to make file transfer simple,

and to shield the user from implementation details of howthe files are actually moved from one place to another. To

this end, FTP is designed to automatically deal with many ofthe issues that can potentially arise due to format

differences in files stored on differing systems.

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How To Start It? To start FTP in Internet Explorer, type the FTP

address into the Address bar or click an FTP link on a webpage. If you click a link, you will be asked whether you want to save the file or open it. (If you use a different web browser, follow the instructions that came with your browser.)

FTP addresses start with "ftp://" rather than "http://." For example, to go to the Microsoft FTP website, type ftp://ftp.microsoft.com, and then press ENTER.

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How do I access FTP websites and download files?

In your web browser's address bar, type the Internet address (URL) for the FTP site you want to connect to (for example, ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/), and then press ENTER.

The FTP site opens, and you can do one or more of the following:To open a file or folder, click it.To download a file or folder, right-click it, and then, in Internet

Explorer, click Save Target As. If you use a different web browser, follow the instructions that came with your browser.

If you have permissions from the person who owns the FTP site, you can also open the site in a Windows Explorer window. To open the site in this way, in Internet Explorer, click the Page button, and then click Open FTP site in Windows Explorer. In the new window, to download a file or folder, right-click it, and then click Copy to Folder.

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How do I upload files to an FTP website?

To upload files to an FTP website, you usually need certain permissions from the person who owns the site. That

person must also give you a user name and password, which you'll need to sign in to the FTP site.Open the FTP website in your browser.

Click Page, and then click Open FTP site in Windows Explorer. If you use a different web browser, follow the

instructions that came with your browser.  If you are prompted for an administrator password or confirmation,

type the password or provide confirmation.In Windows Explorer, press ALT, click File, and then

click Login as.Type the user name and password, and then click Log On.

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Can I use FTP to copy or move files between websites?

Yes, but not directly between sites. You must first use FTP to download the files to your computer, and then use FTP again to upload them to the other website.

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AAYUSHI PAREEK

(01820304014)