figure 1. map of the lower calaveras river basin....new hogan jl (upper) jl (lower) figure 14....
TRANSCRIPT
Figure 1. Map of the lower Calaveras River Basin.
Jenny Lind
Figure 2. Steelhead and resident rainbow trout life cycle and potential limiting factors in the Calaveras River watershed.
SPAWNING
INCUBATION
REARING
OUTMIGRATION(steelhead only)
OCEAN andDELTA
REARING
UPSTREAMMIGRATION
&Ocean
Estuary
Factors Affecting Upstream Migration•Physical migration barriers (dams, dewatered reaches, natural falls, culverts, sand bars at mouth of estuary)
•Migration corridor hazards (unscreened diversions, bypasses, poaching, water quality)
Factors Affecting Spawning and Incubation•Redd dewatering•Spawning gravel quality (permeability)•Spawning gravel mobility (redd scour)•Water quality and temperature
Factors Affecting Fry Rearing
•Proximity of fry rearing habitat to spawning areas
•Water quality and temperature•Food availability•Stranding by low flows•Displacement by high flows
Factors Affecting Juvenile Rearing•Availability of oversummering habitat (deep pools, temperature refugia)
•Availability of overwintering habitat (in-channel LWD, interstitial habitat)
•Stranding by low flows•Displacement by high flows•Food availability•Water quality and temperature
Factors Affecting Outmigration•Predation•Diversion hazards
Factors Affecting Estuary and Ocean Rearing
• Loss of estuarine rearing habitat
•Water quality and temperature
•Harvest• Ocean conditions•Predation
Calaveras River Basin
Resident Trout
Figure 3. Chinook salmon life cycle (fall and spring runs) and potential limiting factors in the Calaveras River watershed.
SPAWNING
INCUBATION
REARING
OUTMIGRATION
OCEANREARING
UPSTREAMMIGRATION
&Ocean
Calaveras River Basin
Estuary
Factors Affecting Upstream Migration
• Attraction flows• Physical migration barriers (inadequate flows)
• Environmental migration barriers (water quality, water temperature)
• Migration corridor hazards (unscreened diversions, bypasses, poaching)
Factors Affecting Spawning and Incubation•Spawning gravel quantity and reddsuperimposition
•Spawning gravel quality (intergravel flow, sedimentation, armoring)
•Water quality and temperature•Substrate mobility/scouring (redd scour)•Redd dewatering
Factors Affecting Fry Rearing
•Availability of suitable stream margin and off-channel habitat for fry rearing
•Water quality (temperature, toxics)
•Predation•Displacement by high flows
Factors Affecting Juvenile Rearing•Predation•Food availability•Water quality and temperature
Factors Affecting Outmigration•Adequate flows for outmigration•Water quality and temperature•Predation•Diversion hazards
Factors Affecting Estuary and Ocean Rearing• Loss of estuarine rearing habitat•Temperature•Water quality • Dissolved oxygen• Harvest• Ocean conditions
Factors Affecting Summer Holding(applies to spring run only)• Presence of deep pools (with thermal stratification)•Water quality and temperature
SUMMERHOLDING
(spring run only)
New Hogan Dam
Shelton Rd Br
Jenny Lind Br.
Canyon Reach
Figure 4. Locations of habitat patches suitable for salmonid spawning in the Calaveras River between New Hogan Dam and Shelton Road. Smaller gravel patches in the Canyon Reach are unlikely to be used by Chinook salmon.
Figure 5. Location and size class of larger pools in the lower Calaveras River.
Redd Area (ft2)
Per
cent
0 2 4 6 8 10
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
Canyon
Hogan
Jenny Lind
Figure 6. Size distribution of Oncorhynchus mykiss redds in Jenny Lind, Hogan, and Canyon reaches of the Calaveras River. Area under the curves equals 1.0. No significant differences in redd size were found between reaches when tested using non-parametric test for equality.
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C
2
A B C
Hogan Reach Jenny Lind Reach
5 7 7.5 15105 19
Riffle Number
Expe
cted
Egg
Sur
viva
l
Figure 7. Egg survival predicted from gravel permeability measured at three sites (A, B, C) in selected riffles in the New Hogan and Jenny Lind Reaches. Riffle numbers represent individual riffles within each reach.
WY 1999
0.1
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
10/1/98 11/20/98 1/9/99 2/28/99 4/19/99 6/8/99 7/28/99 9/16/99
Dai
ly D
isch
arge
(cfs
)
WY 2000
0.1
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
10/1/99 11/20/99 1/9/00 2/28/00 4/18/00 6/7/00 7/27/00 9/15/00
Date
Dai
ly D
isch
arge
(cfs
)WY 1970
0.1
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
10/1/69 11/20/69 1/9/70 2/28/70 4/19/70 6/8/70 7/28/70 9/16/70
Dai
ly D
isch
arge
(cfs
)
Figure 8. Hydrographs for the median water year (WY 1999) and water years ranked immediately above (WY 2000) and below (WY 1970) the median during the period of record from 1964 and 2002 below New Hogan Dam.
Water Year 1999
0.1
1
10
100
1000
10000
10/1 11/20 1/9 2/28 4/19 6/8 7/28 9/16
Date
Dis
char
ge (c
fs)
Water Year 2000
0.1
1
10
100
1000
10000
10/1 11/20 1/9 2/28 4/18 6/7 7/27 9/15
Date
Dis
char
ge (c
fs)
Figure 9. Mormon Slough hydrographs for water years 1999 and 2000. Data downloaded from CDEC Mormon Slough at Bellota (USACE). Data arepreliminary.
WY 2000
WY 1999
Figure 10. Hydrographs for years classified by the Department of Water Resources as “critically dry” (WY 1989) and “wet” (WY 1983).
0.1
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
10/1/10 11/20/10 1/9/11 2/28/11 4/19/11 6/8/11 7/28/11 9/16/11
Date
Dai
ly D
isch
arge
(cfs
)
10/1/1912 - 9/30/1913
0.1
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
10/1/12 11/20/12 1/9/13 2/28/13 4/19/13 6/8/13 7/28/13 9/16/13
Date
Dai
ly D
isch
arge
(cfs
)
WY 1989
WY 1983
01 O
ct
11 O
ct
21 O
ct
31 O
ct
10 N
ov
20 N
ov
30 N
ov
10 D
ec
20 D
ec
30 D
ec
09 J
an
19 J
an
29 J
an
08 F
eb
18 F
eb
28 F
eb
10 M
ar
20 M
ar
30 M
ar
09 A
pr
19 A
pr
29 A
pr
09 M
ay
19 M
ay
29 M
ay
08 J
un
18 J
un
28 J
un
01 O
ct
11 O
ct
21 O
ct
31 O
ct
10 N
ov
20 N
ov
30 N
ov
10 D
ec
20 D
ec
30 D
ec
09 J
an
19 J
an
29 J
an
08 F
eb
18 F
eb
28 F
eb
10 M
ar
20 M
ar
30 M
ar
09 A
pr
19 A
pr
29 A
pr
09 M
ay
19 M
ay
29 M
ay
08 J
un
18 J
un
28 J
un
30mm
40mm
60mm
80mm
30mm
40mm
60mm
80mm
01 A
ug
11 A
ug
21 A
ug
31 A
ug
10 S
ep
20 S
ep
30 S
ep
10 O
ct
20 O
ct
30 O
ct
09 N
ov
19 N
ov
29 N
ov
09 D
ec
19 D
ec
29 D
ec
08 J
an
18 J
an
28 J
an
07 F
eb
17 F
eb
27 F
eb
09 M
ar
19 M
ar
29 M
ar
08 A
pr
18 A
pr
28 A
pr
01 A
ug
11 A
ug
21 A
ug
31 A
ug
10 S
ep
20 S
ep
30 S
ep
10 O
ct
20 O
ct
30 O
ct
09 N
ov
19 N
ov
29 N
ov
09 D
ec
19 D
ec
29 D
ec
08 J
an
18 J
an
28 J
an
07 F
eb
17 F
eb
27 F
eb
09 M
ar
19 M
ar
29 M
ar
08 A
pr
18 A
pr
28 A
pr
spawn
hatch
emerge
spawn
hatch
emerge
Figure 11. Chinook salmon development calendar based on water temperatures at New Hogan Dam. The lower calendar displays time from spawning to emergence for a range of spawning dates. The upper calendar displays time needed to reach 80 mm in length based on a range of emergence dates.
01 O
ct
11 O
ct
21 O
ct
31 O
ct
10 N
ov
20 N
ov
30 N
ov
10 D
ec
20 D
ec
30 D
ec
09 J
an
19 J
an
29 J
an
08 F
eb
18 F
eb
28 F
eb
10 M
ar
20 M
ar
30 M
ar
09 A
pr
19 A
pr
29 A
pr
09 M
ay
19 M
ay
29 M
ay
08 J
un
18 J
un
28 J
un
01 O
ct
11 O
ct
21 O
ct
31 O
ct
10 N
ov
20 N
ov
30 N
ov
10 D
ec
20 D
ec
30 D
ec
09 J
an
19 J
an
29 J
an
08 F
eb
18 F
eb
28 F
eb
10 M
ar
20 M
ar
30 M
ar
09 A
pr
19 A
pr
29 A
pr
09 M
ay
19 M
ay
29 M
ay
08 J
un
18 J
un
28 J
un
30mm
40mm
60mm
80mm
30mm
40mm
60mm
80mm
01 A
ug
11 A
ug
21 A
ug
31 A
ug
10 S
ep
20 S
ep
30 S
ep
10 O
ct
20 O
ct
30 O
ct
09 N
ov
19 N
ov
29 N
ov
09 D
ec
19 D
ec
29 D
ec
08 J
an
18 J
an
28 J
an
07 F
eb
17 F
eb
27 F
eb
09 M
ar
19 M
ar
29 M
ar
08 A
pr
18 A
pr
28 A
pr
01 A
ug
11 A
ug
21 A
ug
31 A
ug
10 S
ep
20 S
ep
30 S
ep
10 O
ct
20 O
ct
30 O
ct
09 N
ov
19 N
ov
29 N
ov
09 D
ec
19 D
ec
29 D
ec
08 J
an
18 J
an
28 J
an
07 F
eb
17 F
eb
27 F
eb
09 M
ar
19 M
ar
29 M
ar
08 A
pr
18 A
pr
28 A
pr
spawn
hatch
emerge
spawn
hatch
emerge
Figure 12. Chinook salmon development calendar based on water temperatures at upper portion of the Jenny Lind Reach. The lower calendar displays time from spawning to emergence for a range of spawning dates. The upper calendar displays time needed to reach 80 mm in length based on a range of emergence dates.
01 O
ct
11 O
ct
21 O
ct
31 O
ct
10 N
ov
20 N
ov
30 N
ov
10 D
ec
20 D
ec
30 D
ec
09 J
an
19 J
an
29 J
an
08 F
eb
18 F
eb
28 F
eb
10 M
ar
20 M
ar
30 M
ar
09 A
pr
19 A
pr
29 A
pr
09 M
ay
19 M
ay
29 M
ay
08 J
un
18 J
un
28 J
un
01 O
ct
11 O
ct
21 O
ct
31 O
ct
10 N
ov
20 N
ov
30 N
ov
10 D
ec
20 D
ec
30 D
ec
09 J
an
19 J
an
29 J
an
08 F
eb
18 F
eb
28 F
eb
10 M
ar
20 M
ar
30 M
ar
09 A
pr
19 A
pr
29 A
pr
09 M
ay
19 M
ay
29 M
ay
08 J
un
18 J
un
28 J
un
30mm
40mm
60mm
80mm
30mm
40mm
60mm
80mm
Figure 13. Chinook salmon development calendar based on water temperatures at lower portion of the Jenny Lind Reach. The calendar displays time needed to reach 80 mm in length based on a range of emergence dates.
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
189/
1
10/1
11/1
12/1 1/1
2/1
3/1
4/1
5/1
6/1
7/1
New Hogan
JL (upper)
JL (lower)
Figure 14. Calaveras River temperatures used to model Chinook salmon development in New Hogan and Jenny Lind (JL) reaches.
Date
Tem
pera
ture
(°C
)