fig. 16-9-3 a t g c ta ta g c (a) parent molecule at gc t a t a gc (c) “daughter” dna molecules,...
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![Page 1: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Fig. 16-9-3
A T
GC
T A
TA
G C
(a) Parent molecule
A T
GC
T A
TA
G C
(c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand
(b) Separation of strands
A T
GC
T A
TA
G C
A T
GC
T A
TA
G C
It looks so simple…..
![Page 2: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
DNA Pol III
DNA polymerase III (from E. coli)- Enzyme responsible for almost all DNA replication- Extends DNA polymers by adding nucleotides to 3’ ends
![Page 3: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
DNA Pol III
DNA polymerase III (from E. coli)- Enzyme responsible for almost all DNA replication- Extends DNA polymers by adding nucleotides to 3’ ends
Requires:1.Template strand of DNA2.“Primer” strand of DNA
![Page 4: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
DNA Pol III
DNA polymerase III (from E. coli)- Enzyme responsible for almost all DNA replication- Extends DNA polymers by adding nucleotides to 3’ ends
Requires:1.Template strand of DNA2.“Primer” strand of DNA3.Deoxynucleoside triphosphates
dATP
![Page 5: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
deoxynucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs)i.e. dATP, dGTP, dCTP, dTTP
The fundamental building blocks for DNA synthesis
![Page 6: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
DNA Pol IIIDNA synthesis
![Page 7: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
DNA Pol III
![Page 8: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Fig. 16-9-3
A T
GC
T A
TA
G C
(a) Parent molecule
A T
GC
T A
TA
G C
(c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand
(b) Separation of strands
A T
GC
T A
TA
G C
A T
GC
T A
TA
G C
It looks so simple…..
![Page 9: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Fig. 16-12a
Origin of replication Parental (template) strand
Daughter (new) strand
Replication fork
Replication bubbleDouble-stranded DNA molecule
Two daughter DNA molecules
(a) Origins of replication in E. coli
0.5 µm
Prokaryotic replication
![Page 10: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Fig. 16-13
Topoisomerase
Helicase
PrimaseSingle-strand binding proteins
RNA primer
55
5 3
3
3
3’
DNA needs to be made single stranded (and kept that way)
![Page 11: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Fig. 16-13
Topoisomerase
Helicase
PrimaseSingle-strand binding proteins
RNA primer
55
5 3
3
3
DNA synthesis is initiated by Primase making a short RNA “primer”
![Page 12: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Fig. 16-15b
Origin of replication
RNA primer
“Sliding clamp”
DNA pol IIIParental DNA
3
5
5
5
5
5
5
3
3
3
![Page 13: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Fig. 16-12a
Origin of replication Parental (template) strand
Daughter (new) strand
Replication fork
Replication bubbleDouble-stranded DNA molecule
Two daughter DNA molecules
(a) Origins of replication in E. coli
0.5 µm
Prokaryotic replication
![Page 14: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Fig. 16-15a
Overview
Leading strand
Leading strandLagging strand
Lagging strand
Origin of replication
Primer
Overall directions of replication
![Page 15: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Fig. 16-16a
Overview
Origin of replication
Leading strand
Leading strand
Lagging strand
Lagging strand
Overall directions of replication
12
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Fig. 16-16b1
Template strand
5
53
3
Primase
![Page 17: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Fig. 16-16b2
Template strand
5
53
3
RNA primer 3 5
5
3
1
Primase
DNA Pol III + S. clamp
![Page 18: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Fig. 16-16b3
Template strand
5
53
3
RNA primer 3 5
5
3
1
13
35
5
Okazaki fragment
Primase
DNA Pol III + S. clamp
![Page 19: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Fig. 16-16b4
Template strand
5
53
3
RNA primer 3 5
5
3
1
13
35
5
Okazaki fragment
12
3
3
5
5
Primase
DNA Pol III + S. clamp
![Page 20: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Fig. 16-16b5
Template strand
5
53
3
RNA primer 3 5
5
3
1
13
35
5
Okazaki fragment
12
3
3
5
5
12
3
3
5
5
Primase
DNA Pol III + S. clamp
DNA Pol I
![Page 21: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Fig. 16-16b6
Template strand
5
53
3
RNA primer 3 5
5
3
1
13
35
5
Okazaki fragment
12
3
3
5
5
12
3
3
5
5
12
5
5
3
3
Overall direction of replication
Primase
DNA Pol I
DNA Ligase
![Page 22: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Fig. 16-17
OverviewOrigin of replication
Leading strand
Leading strand
Lagging strand
Lagging strandOverall directions of
replication
Leading strand
Lagging strand
Helicase
Parental DNA
DNA pol III
Primer Primase
DNA ligase
DNA pol III
DNA pol I
Single-strand binding protein
5
3
5
5
5
5
3
3
3
313 2
4
![Page 23: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Figure 16.18
Parental DNA
DNA pol III
Leading strand
Connectingprotein
Helicase
Lagging strandDNA pol III
Laggingstrandtemplate
5
5
5
5
5
5
3 3
33
3
3
![Page 24: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
5’ ATGTCAAC 3’3’GACTACAGTTGACGTACG5’
In a test tube:DNA Pol III +
dNTPs +
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5’ ATGTCAACTGCATGC3’3’GACTACAGTTGACGTACG5’
Why can’t dNTPs add to the 5’ end of the primer?
In a test tube:DNA Pol III +
dNTPs +
![Page 26: Fig. 16-9-3 A T G C TA TA G C (a) Parent molecule AT GC T A T A GC (c) “Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649f055503460f94c1ace7/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
deoxynucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs)i.e. dATP, dGTP, dCTP, dTTP
The fundamental building blocks for DNA synthesis