field manual* equipment, clothing, and … · (see ar600-35, 615-40, and 850-5.) b. theuniform. ......

U .3 WAR DEFT,

FIELD MANUAL* EQUIPMENT, CLOTHING, ANDT’KNT PITCHING.:FM 21-15 •

FM 21-15

WAR DEPARTMENT

BASIC FIELD MANUAL

EQUIPMENT, CLOTHING,AND TENT PITCHING

FM 21-15

BASIC FIELD MANUAL

EQUIPMENT, CLOTHING,AND TENT PITCHING

Prepared under direction of theChief of Staff

UNITED STATESGOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON: 1940

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. - Price 15cents

1

FM 21-15

BASIC FIELD MANUAL

EQUIPMENT, CLOTHING, AND TENTPITCHING

(The matter contained herein supersedes Basic Field Manual, Vol-ume 1, Chapter 3, December 31, 1937; TR 225-5, July 10, 1925 (includ-ing Cl, January 3, 1927); TR 225-10, July 10, 1925 (including Cl,January 2, 1931); and TR 225-15, January 26, 1926.)

Section I

GENERAL

■ 1. General.—The allowances of clothing and equipmentreferred to in this manual are prescribed in Tables of BasicAllowances. Procedure of issue, fitting, marking, accounting,and disposition is prescribed in Army Regulations. The careof arms and technical equipment is prescribed in the appro-priate Field Manuals and Technical Manuals. The articlesconstituting the uniform and the wearing of the uniform areprescribed in Army Regulations.

■ 2. Scope.—This manual prescribes the wearing, packing,and display for inspection of the field equipment pertainingto mounted and dismountedpersonnel; also the care of leatherand web equipment used in the field.■ 3. Responsibility for Equipment.—The individual is pri-marily responsible that the field equipment issued to him ismaintained in condition for field service, and that the properfinishes of metal, leather, and painted articles are protectedor renewed. Company commanders will supervise the renewalof worn surfaces and refinishing thereof.■ 4. Care of Leather.—a. Cleaning and oiling agents. —Twoagents are essential to the proper care of leather; a cleaningagent and an oiling agent. Castile or other mild soap is thebest cleaning agent, while neat’s-foot oil meets the require-ments for oiling. The composition of saddle soap is such that

2

it both cleans and oils. Dubbin is particularly suited for useon shoes and boots in the field because it contains ingredientsthat waterproof as well as preserve the leather.

b. Boots and shoes.—(l) Dirt or mud will be removed fromboots and shoes by brushing or by scraping with a dull instru-ment. They will then be cleaned with soap. Drying by directexposure to sun, fire, or strong heat is injurious to the leatherand is prohibited.

(2) Shoes will be well broken in and maintained in service-able condition.

(3) In garrison, regimental, separate, or higher unit com-manders may prescribe that boots and shoes be polished.

c. Harness and saddlery.—(l) Daily care.—Leather equip-ment in use will be cleaned daily. Under no conditions willit be cleaned by immersion in water.

(2) Procedure in cleaning.—(a) Separate all parts, un-buckle straps, and remove detachable parts permissible.

(b) With a damp (not wet) sponge remove all surface dust,mud or other foreign substances.

(c) Rinse the sponge and, using very little water, make aheavy lather by rubbing it vigorously on the soap or saddlesoap. When a creamy lather is obtained, clean each piece ofequipment thoroughly. Each strap is drawn its entire lengththrough the lathered sponge to remove the dirt and sweatfrom the leather.

(d) After the leather has become partially dry, rub it vigor-ously with a soft cloth.

(e) Generally, the above will be sufficient to keep the.leather in excellent condition. However, at intervals it maybe necessary to oil very lightly with neat’s-foot oil. In doingthis, care should be taken to apply the oil sparingly on theflesh or unfinished side of the leather, using light quickstrokes in order to obtain even distribution.

(/) Excessive oil is injurious to leather equipment. Oilis applied sparingly at time intervals that can only be deter-mined by an examination of the appearance and pliabilityof the leather.■ 5. Care of Web Equipment.—Web equipment will be washedwith castile or similar mild soap and dried in the shade. Use

4-5 EQUIPMENT, CLOTHING, AND TENT PITCHING

3

of yellow issue soap, or of commercial cleaning fluids or dyesthat may injure component metal parts and leather isprohibited.

■ 6. Care of Metal P/rts.—Bits, curb chains, and all metalparts issued unpainted will be oiled lightly when not in use.When in use, they will be kept clean and free from rust.Except for authorized renovation, the removal of paint frommetal parts which are issued painted is prohibited.

■ 7. Clothing.—a. Basis of issue.—(l) Outer articles of uni-form clothing for all grades are listed and described in AR600-35. Authorized articles of clothing are issued to Armynurses and enlisted men in accordance with the amounts pre-scribed in the Table of Basic Allowances pertaining to therespective arm or service concerned. Normally, officers andwarrant officers are required to provide themselves with theprescribed articles of uniform and other clothing. In thetheater of operations, officers and warrant officers may beissued articles of clothing not exceeding the amounts pre-scribed in Tables of Basic Allowances.

(2) Organization commanders are responsible that theauthorized allowance of clothing is issued to personnel oftheir commands, that the clothing is marked as required, andthat it is used and cared for and records kept of it as pre-scribed by regulations. (See AR 600-35, 615-40, and 850-5.)

b. The uniform.—Organization commanders are responsiblefor the proper fit of the clothing of their commands. (See

AR 600-35.) It is especially important that enlisted men’ssocks and shoes are of correct size. The method prescribedin AR 850-125 for the fitting of shoes and socks will be fol-lowed. The uniforms of officers and enlisted men will con-form, both on and off duty, in every respect to the specifica-tions therefor and will be worn in the prescribed manner.(See AR 600-35 and 600-40.) In particular, the followingpoints will be observed in wearing the uniform:

(1) The uniform will be kept clean and neat and in goodrepair.

(2) Missing insignia and buttons will be promptly replaced.(3) Insignia and buttons on the service uniform during

5-7EQUIPMENT, CLOTHING, AND TENT PITCHING

4

peace will be of a bright finish; in war, they will have a dullbronze finish.

(4) Insignia and buttons having a gold finish should becleaned with ammonia and water. An abrasive will removegold plating. Rubber, manila paper, or any material con-taining surphur if near medals, insignia, or buttons, willtarnish them.

(5) Overcoats, coats, and shirts will be worn buttonedthroughout.

(6) Service hats are worn in regulation shape and the hatcord will be sewed on. (See AR 600-35 and 600-40.)

(7) Field caps of standard design are worn by personnel ofthe Air Corps and of mechanized and motorized units, by alldrivers of motor vehicles, and by personnel assigned to motorvehicles. (See AR 600-35 and 600-40.)

■ 8. Insignia of Grade.—lnsignia of grade on the service uni-form are worn by officers on each shoulder loop, by warrantofficers on the shirt collar or coat lapel, and by noncommis-sioned officers and privates, first class, on each sleeve as illus-trated in figure 1.■ 9. Headgear Insignia and Hat Cords.—a. Headgear insig-nia.—See figure 2.

b. Hat cords.—(l) General officers.—A double cord of goldbullion with an acorn of same material.

(2) Other officers.—A double cord of gold bullion and blacksilk intermixed, the acorns and keeper of gold bullion.

(3) Warrant officers.—A double cord of silver and blacksilk intermixed, the acorns and keeper of black silk.

(4) Enlisted men.—A double cord of the color of the armor service. When two colors are prescribed for an arm orservice, the cord will be in the color first named and the acornsand keeper will be in the second named.■ 10. Brassards.—Brassards consist of distinctive bands ofcloth worn around the left sleeve between the elbow and theshoulder and are for the ready identification of persons de-tailed to special duties. They should be about 4 inches inwidth and about 18 inches long.

7-10 EQUIPMENT, CLOTHING, AND TENT PITCHING

5

SHOULDER LOOP INSIGNIA OF GRADEFOR OFFICERS

GENERAL(SILVER)LT. GENERAL

(SILVER)MA.L GENERAL

(SILVER)BRIG. GENERAL

(SILVER)COLONEL(SILVER)

|ST LIEUTENANT(SILVER)

2NO LIEUTENANT(GOLD)

LT. COLONEL(SILVER)

MAJOR(GOLD)

CAPTAIN(SILVER)

COLLAR INSIGNIA FOR WARRANT OFFICERS

SLEEVE INSIGNIA OF GRADE FOR NON COMMISSIONED OFFICERS

MASTER SGT.I st GRADE

TECHNICAL SGT2 N0 GRADE

IST SGT.2NO GRADE

STAFF SGT.3rd GRADE

SERGEANT4™ GRADE

PRIVATE I st CLASS6th GRADECORPORAL 5™ GRADE

Figure I.—lnsignia of grade

10EQUIPMENT, CLOTHING, AND TENT PITCHING

6

HEADGEAR. INSIGNIA

OFFICERS’ INSIGNIA(Service Cap) WARRANT OFFICERS’ INSIGNIA

(Service Cap)

SERVICE CAP

ENLISTED MEN’SINSIGNIA

(Service Cap) Locaf ionof Insignia

. Ornamentation(Officers only)

FIELD CAP

-Distinctive Insignia

SERVICE HAT"Distinctive Insignia

"'Hat CordFigure 2.—Headgear insignia.

10 EQUIPMENT, CLOTHING, AND TENT PITCHING

7

-Green - Green Green Green Green Green

PHOTOGRAPHER CHAUFFEURCORRESPONDENT CHAUFFEUR CORRESPONDENT MESSENGER PHOTOGRAPHER MESSENGER RADIONEWS MESSENGERRADIO

NEWS CHAUFFEUR

Figure3.—Brassards.BRASSARDS ntU-DIVISIONBLUE-CORPS.CORPSAREA,

ORDEPARTMENT

WHITEAND

RED-ARMYBLUE.WHITE

ANDRED

-HO.

FIELDFORCES

AND

WARDEPARTMENT Green-White. White Green - Green-Blue

SCREEN CORRESPONDENT PHOTOGRAPHER RADIO COMMENTATORKP

GenevaConvention RedCross

is)5 srr OC

cc zu UJh~ UuJ CC> OGeneral Staff Military Police

1CEQUIPMENT, CLOTHING, AND TENT PITCHING

8

Section II

OFFICERS’ AND WARRANT OFFICERS’ EQUIPMENT■ 11. General.—The equipment covered in this section isthe basic equipment common to the greater portion of theservice. Other special equipment peculiar to certain armsand services or particular conditions will be carried in themost practicable manner possible.

■ 12. Method of Carrying.—For normal methods, see Table I.

EQUIPMENT, CLOTHING, AND TENT PITCHING11-12

9

TableI.

—Officers’

andwarrantofficers’fieldequipment

(otherthanclothing

wornonperson).

i

Saddleload

maybedistributed

betweenfirstandsecondmount

whensecondmountis

available.

8See

paragraph136.


Article

Dismounted

Mountedonhorse1

Mountedon

vehicle

Bag,cantle

Attachedtorearofsaddle.

Bag,canvas,field

Attachedto

suspenders,carried

Attachedto

suspenders,carried

onback,

oron

rightsideslung

onback;on

rightsideslung

by

strappassing

overleft

by

strappassing

overleft

shoulder.

shoulderor

stowedinvehicle.

Bags,feedandgrain

Onpommelunder

raincoator

overcoat.

Basin,canvas,

folding.In

beddingroll

Inbeddingroll

Inbeddingroll.

Belt,pistolor

revolverWorn>

--_Worna

Worn.a

Inbeddingroll.

Inbeddingroll

Inbeddingroll..

Inbeddingroll.

Inbedding

roll...

Inbeddingroll.

OS(right)cantlering, .Onbelt,leftrear.

Case,dispatch...

Onrightside,slungbya

strapOn

rightside,slungbya

strapOnrightside,slungbya

strap

passingoverleft

shoulder.passing

overleftshoulder.

passingoverleft

shoulder.

Rightfrontofbelt

Rightfrontofbelt.

Flashlight

Inbag,

canvas,field

Near(left)cantlepocket

Inbag,

canvas,field.

Glasses,field,.-

Onright

rearslungbystrappass-

Onrightrearslungbystrappass-On

rightrearslungbystrappass-

ingoverleft

shoulder.

ingoverleft

shoulder.

ingoverleft

shoulder.

Innear

(left)saddlebag,.

Inbag,

canvas,fieldandbedding

roll.

roll.

TableI.— Officers'andwarrantofficers'field,equipment—Con.

10


Article

Dismounted

Mountedon

horse

Mountedon

vehicle

Helmet,steel

Onback,

attachedtobag,

canvas,Attachedtonear

(left)saddle

bag.Onback,

attachedtobag,

canvas,

field.

field.

Onbelt

oppositerighthip__

-Onbelt

oppositerighthip

..Onbeltopposite

righthip.

Innear

(left)pommelpocket

Inbag,

canvas,field

Near(left)

cantiebag

Inbag,

canvas,field.

Inof!

(right)cantlebag.

Inbag,

canvas,field.

Mask,gas,

service

Underleftarm,slungbystrapUnderleftarm,slungbystrapUnderleftarm,slungbystrap

passingover

rightshoulder.

passingover

rightshoulder.

passingover

rightshoulder.

Attachedto

halterunder

throat

latch.

Onbag,

canvas,field

double.

mel.

Onbelt,right

rear.

Inbag,

canvas,field

Oncantle

Inbag,

canvas,field

Distributedbetweencantlepock-Inbag,

canvas,field.

etsto

balanceload.

Roll,bedding

Oncargovehicle

(oron

packani-On

cargovehicle(or

onpackani-On

cargovehicle.

mal).

mal).

Inbag,

canvas,field-

Shirt,flannel-_...

Inbeddingroll.Inbeddingroll

Inbeddingroll.

11

2See

paragraph131).


Inbeddingroll.

Inoilcantlebag-

_

Inbeddingroll.

Surcingle

Innear

pommelpocket

Worn,attachedtobeltA

. __Worn,attachedtobelt.3

Aroundneckundershirt

Aroundneckundershirt.

tape. Tent,shelter(2

halves),Inbeddingroll.In

beddingrolloron

secondInbedding

roll.

complete.

mount.

Towel.

Inbag,

canvas,field,or

inbed-Inoil

(right)pommelpocketInbag,

canvas,field,orinbed-

dingroll.

dingroll.

UnderclothingInbeddingroll

Inoil

cantlebag. --Inbeddingroll.

Whistle(chain,hookedto

Leftpocket,shirtor

coat

.Leftpocket,shirtor

coat.

leftshoulderloopbut-

tonhole).

12

©Leftrear.

Figure4.—Dismountedofficers’fieldequipment.

©Rightrear.

©Frontview.


■ 13. Method of Assembling.—a. Belt.—To assemble, placebelt on the ground with outer side of belt down. Insert hookend of belt through sliding keeper, then through unattachedmale buckle with stud down, double belt back through slidingkeeper and secure end hook in the particular center eyeletrequired to give proper length. Slide magazine pouch over at-tached female buckle end and attach it to the fastener pro-vided. The belt is put on with male buckle on the man’s right.

b. To attach suspenders to belt.—Lay belt on the groundwith articles attached, inner side of belt down. Attach snaphooks of rear suspender straps to two of the upper row ofeyelets, respectively, to right and left of center of belt, pointof hooks out. Attach snap hooks of right and left frontsuspender straps to right and left ends of belt in a similarmanner so that the front strap on each side will be attachedto first eyelet from buckle and the other strap to third eyeletfrom buckle.

c. To attach field bag to suspenders.—Place assembledpistol belt and suspenders on the body and make necessaryadjustment as to length of straps. With field bag suspendedby the hands in front of the body, outer side of bag towardthe body, attach snap hooks, point in, to suspender D-rings.Pass bag over the head to its position on the back. Positionon the back of wearer may be varied by regulating front andrear suspender adjustment. Disengage the rearmost of frontsuspender straps on each side from belt and attach them tothe D-rings at lower, inner corners of field bag. Access tofield bag may be had by disengaging snap hooks from D-ringsof bag and passing bag over the head to front of body.

d. Helmet. —Secure by looping chin strap about field bagsuspension straps so that top of helmet is outward (See

fig. 4®.)Section 111

ENLISTED MEN’S EQUIPMENT■ 14. General.—The equipment covered in this section isthe basic equipment common to the greater portion of theservice. Other special equipment peculiar to certain armsand services or particular conditions will be carried in themost practicable manner possible.

■ 15. Method of Carrying.—For normal method, see Table 11.

equipment, clothing, and tent pitching 13-15

Tablell.—Fieldequipment,

enlistedmen

(otherthan

clothingwornon

person)

14


Article

DismountedMounted

onhorse

(exceptartillery drivers)

Driver,horse(ar-

tilleryonly)

Driver,vehicle

Menmountedin

vehicle1

Bag,canvas,field,

withcarrying

Onrightside,

slung

bya

strappassing

Onrightsideslung

bya

strappassing

Onright

side,slung

byastrappassing

strap.

overleftshoulder.

overleftshoulder;

orin/on

vehicle.overleft

shoulder;or

in/onvehicle.

Bags,feedand

grain.

Onpommelunder

raincoat.Onseatofsaddle,off

horse,oron

lim-

ber.

Belt,pistol,

revolv-er,

cartridge,or

Worn3

Worn.3

magazine. Blanket,wool

In

packcarrier.

Carriedon

back.Incantle

orblanketIncantleor

blanketInpackcarrierorin

blanketroll.Car-

Inpackcarrierorin

roll.

roll.

blanketroll.Car-

orin

cargovehicle.

riedon

backor

in/onvehicle.

riedon

backor

in/onvehicle.

Canteen,cup

andOnbelt,leftrear

Slungfromoff

Slungfrom

nearOnbelt,leftrearorOn

belt,leftrearor

cover.

(right)cantlering

andattachedto

offsaddlebag.

(left)cantlering,

offhorseandat-

tachedtosaddle-

bag.

in/onvehicle.in/onvehicle.

Onrightside,slung

bystrap

passingOn

rightside,slung

bystrappassing

Onrightside,slung

bystrap

passing

overleftshoulder.

overleftshoulder.

overleftshoulder.

Near(left)

saddle-bag.

Near(left)saddle-

bagoffhorse.

Inblanketroll,orin

saddlebag.In

blanketroll.

15

1

Alternativemethodsforcarryingequipmentofmenmountedin

vehiclesare

prescribedforthe

reasonthattypesofvehicles,nature

andlengthsof

march,etc.,varysogreatlythatthe

descriptionofonlyonemethod

forone

typeofvehiclewillnotsuffice.

2

Seeparagraph16.


tobelt.3

tobelt.3

tobelt.3

Attachedto

bag,

canvas,field,near

saddlebag,orto

rearofhaversack.

haversack.(left)

saddlebag.(right)

saddlebag,oShorse.

sack,or

bag,can-

vas,field.

Attachedtobeltop-

positeright

hip.

Attachedtobeltop-

positerighthip.

Attachedtobeltop-

positerighthip.

Attachedtobeltop-

positerighthip.

Attachedtobeltop-

positerighthip.

Horseshoes(2),with

nails.

Inoff

(right)saddle-

bag.

Inoff(right)saddle-

bag,off

horse.

Intrenchingtool

(macheteor

bolo).haversack.

haversack.

Kit,grooming,com-

plete,andsaddle

Inoft

(right)saddle-

bag.

Inoft

(right)saddle-

bag,offhorse.

soapandsponge.

Kit,mess,

complete

Innear

(left)saddle-

bag.

Inbag,

canvas,Held,

in

haversack,or

in

saddlebag.

bag,off

horse.

bag,canvas,field.

Innear

(left)saddle-

bag.

Innear

(left)saddle-

bag,offhorse.

Inbag,canvas,field,

in

haversack,or

inleftsaddlebag.

bag,canvas,field.

Mask,gas,

horse.

Strappedto

halterunderthroatlatch.

Strappedto

halterunderthroatlatch.

Mask,gas,

serviceSlungunderleftarm

SlungunderleftarmSlungunderleftarm

Slungunderleftarm

Slungunderleftarm

bystrappassingby

strappassingbystrappassingbystrappassingbystrappassing

overright

shoul-over

rightshoul-

overright

shoul-over

rightshoul-over

rightshoul-

der.

der.

der.

der.

der.

TableII.—Fieldequipment,enlisted

men(otherthanclothing

wornonperson

)—Continued16


Article

DismountedMounted

onhorse

(exceptartillery drivers)

Driver,horse(ar-

tilleryonly)

Driver,vehicle

Menmountedin

vehicle1

Overcoat..

Strappedto

pommeloverfeed

bag.

Strappedacrossseat

ofsaddle,off

horse.Attachedtohaver-Attachedto

haver-

sack.

sack,tobag,

can-

vas,field,or

in/on

vehicle.

sack,tobag,

can-

vas,field,or

in/on

vehicle.

Pocket,magazine.

Leftfrontofbelt

Leftfrontofbelt

Leftfrontofbelt

Leftfrontofbelt

Leftfrontofbelt.

web,double.

Pouch,first-aidOnbelt,rightrcar_-_Onbelt,rightrear.. _Onbelt,rightrear.,.Onbelt,rightrearOnbelt,rightrear.

packet.

Attachedto

pommeloverfeed

bag.

Strappedacrossseat

ofsaddle,offhorse.

Inhaversack,inbag,

canvas,field,or

in/onvehicle.

In

haversack,in

bag,canvas,field,

orin/onvehicle.

Inhaversack

Distributedbe-

Distributedbe-Inhaversack,inbag,

canvas,field,orin

Inhaversack,or

in

bag,canvas,field.

tweenthetwosad-tweenthetwosad-

dlebagsto

balancedlebagsoffhorse,

saddlebags.

load.

tobalanceload.

OnbarsofsaddleinAcrossseatofsaddle

Motorcyclists—in

rearofseat.

rearofcantle.oronbarsofsaddle

inrearofcantle,

offhorse.

Scabboard,bayonet-Attachedtoleftside

Attachedtoleftside

ofhaversack.

ofhaversack.

Attachedtovehicle.-

(left)sideofsaddle,

underskirt.

17


Bet.toilet

InhaversackIn

near(left)saddle-In

near(left)saddle-Inhaversack,inbag,Inhaversack,orin

bag.

bag,ofl

horse.

canvas,field,orin

bag,canvas,field.

saddlebag.

.do

InblanketrollorinInblanket

roll.

saddlebag.

Inofl

(right)saddle-Attached,oneto

bag,oroversaddle

eachsaddlebag,

blanket.

oflhorse.

«

Susnenders _

Attachedtobelt

Attachedtobelt

Attachedtobelt

Attachedto

belt.

Tag,identification,

Aroundneck,underAroundneck,underAroundneck,underAroundneck,underAroundneck,under

withtape.

shirt.

shirt.

shirt.

shirt.

shirt.

Tent,shelterhalfInpackcarrier,

car-Covering(pole,rope.

Covering(pole,rope,

Covering(pole,rope,

Covering(pole,rope.

completewith

riedon

back,orin

andpinswithin)andpinswithin)andpinswithin)andpinswithin)

pole,rope,andvehicle.

blanketroll,on

blanketroll,

car-blanketroll,

car-blanketroll.Car-

pins.

cantleorin/onve-

riedonseatofsad-riedin/onvehicle.

riedon

backor

hide.

die,'oflhorse,or

in/onvehicle.

onlimber.

Innear

(left)saddle-In

near(left)saddle-In

haversack,inbag,Inhaversack

orin

bag.

bag,oflhorse.

canvas,field,orin

bag,canvas,field.

saddlebag.

Suspendedon

right

sidebystrappass-

sidebystrappass-

sidebystrappass-

ingoverleft

shoul-ing

overleftshoul-

ingoverleft

shoul-

der.

der.

der.

Underclothing.Inblanketroll.Car-In

near(left)saddle-In

near(left)saddle-In

blanketroll,inInblanketroll.Oar-

riedonbackor

in

bag,or

blanketbag,oflhorse,or

bag,canvas,field,

riedonbackor

in

cargovehicle.roll.

blanketroll.

orin

saddlebag.cargovehicle.

Whistle(chain,Inleftpocket,shirtInleftpocket,shirtInleftpocket,shirtInleftpocket,shirtInleft

pocket,shirt

hookedtoleft

orcoat.

orcoat.

orcoat.

orcoat.

orcoat.

shoulderloopbut-

tonhole).

18

■ 16. Method of Assembling Haversack and Pack Carrier.—a. Belt.—(1) Pistol or revolver belt (fig. s).—Place belt on theground, outer side of belt down. Insert hook end of beltthrough sliding keeper, then through unattached male buckle

Figure 5.—Pistol belt.

with stud down, double belt back through sliding keeper andsecure end hook in the particular center eyelet required togive proper length. Slide magazine pouch over attachedfemale buckle end and attach it to the fastener provided. Thebelt is put on with male buckle on the man’s right.

©Filled.Figure 6.—Belt, cartridge, or magazine.

(2) Cartridge or magazine belt (fig. 6).—Place adjustingstrap on the ground, eyeleted edge to the front; place pocketsections on the ground in prolongation of adjusting strap.


19

pockets down, tops of pockets to the front; insert end ofadjusting strap in outer loop of metal guide from the upperside, carry it under middle bar and up through inner loop;engage hooks on the end of adjusting strap in eyelets providedon inner surface of belt. The belt is adjusted to fit theindividual. It should fit loosely about the waist so that whenbuckled it may rest well down over hip bones and below thepit of the abdomen. Care should be taken that adjustmentsare made equally from both ends of adjusting strap so thatcenter eyelet will be in the middle of belt. The proper posi-tion of the belt is the same, whether filled or empty.

Figure 7.—Haversack without pack carrier.

b. To attach pack carrier to haversack (figs. 7 and B),

Spread haversack on the ground, inner side down, outer flapand meat can pouch to the front. Place button-holed edgeof pack carrier, lettered side of pack carrier up, under button-holed edge of haversack. Superimpose button holes of haver-sack upon corresponding ones of pack carrier. Lace the packcarrier to haversack by passing the ends of coupling strapdown through corresponding button holes of haversack andpack carrier nearest the center, bringing the ends up throughnext button holes and continuing to the right and left,respectively, to the sides.


20

HEAT CAN POUCHHAVERSACK SNAP HOOKSNAP HOOK

FRONT PACK SUSPENDERFRONT PACK SUSPENDER

UPPER BINDING STRAP

MIDDLE BINDING STRAPLOOP FOR BAYONET SCABBARD

LOWER BINDING STRAP- REAR BELT SUSPENDER

BUTTON HOLED EDGE < -COUPLING STRAP

US. PACK CARRIERCARRIER BINDING STRAP

SUSPENSION D RINGS

® Before Joining (outside view).

@ After joining (outside view).Figure B.—Haversack and pack carrier.

T6 EQUIPMENT, CLOTHING, AND TENT PITCHING

21

OUTER FLAP*

INSIDE FLAP

® Inside viewFigure 8.—Haversack and pack carrier—Continued.

c. To attach haversack.—(l) To cartridge or magazinebelt.—Place haversack and pack carrier (assembled) on theground, inner side down; place belt along the junction ofhaversack and carrier, pockets down, tops toward the haver-sack; insert hooks on rear belt suspenders in upper rear eye-lets of each belt section so that point of hooks will be onthe outside of belt; twist front belt suspenders toward theends of belt and insert snap hooks in eyelets between firstand second pockets from each end of belt so that the pointsof the snap hooks will be on the outside of belt and suspenderswill be fiat on the body.

(2) To pistol or revolver belt.—Proceed as with the car-tridge belt, the hooks on the ends of front belt suspendersbeing inserted in the third eyelets from the buckle, and hooks


22

on rear belt suspenders in two of the upper eyelets respectivelyto right and left of center of belt.

d. To attach bayonet scabbard.—(l) To haversack.—At-tach scabbard by passing its lower end through loops providedon the side of haversack body; then engage double hook at-tachment in eyelets on outer flap of haversack, inserting hookfrom the under side. Place bayonet in scabbard, ring to therear. (See fig. 14(1).)

(2) To cartridge belt.—When the haversack is not carried,attach scabbard to left side of cartridge belt over left hip.Place bayonet in scabbard, ring to the front.

e. To attach intrenching tool or machete carrier to haver-sack.—Fold outer flap of haversack over so that meat canpouch is uppermost; pass intrenching tool carrier under-neath meat can pouch and engage double hook attachmentin eyelets in flap provided, inserting hooks from the underside. Secure intrenching tool to roll by means of third haver-sack binding strap. (See fig. 14 @.)

f. To make the roll (fig. 9).—Spread shelter half on theground and fold in triangular end so that shelter half formsa rectangle. Make a second fold by carrying folded edge toopposite edge. Fold the blanket twice parallel to its longeraxis so that blanket is now one-fourth its previous width, andthen fold once at the middle so as to bring the ends together.Place blanket symmetrically in center of folded shelter half;place underwear, socks, and handkerchief between folds ofblanket. Place tent pole on that end of the blanket fromwhich the rolling is to begin. Place pins as shown in figure9@. (An alternate method is to place pins next to and par-allel with pole.) Fold sides and then the near end of shelterhalf snugly over the blanket; fold 10 inches of far end ofshelter half toward the blanket and, beginning at near end,roll tightly into folded end of shelter half, thus making anenvelope roll.

g. To pack the haversack (fig. 10).—(1) Place equipmenton the ground, inside of haversack up, pockets of belt up, hav-ersack spread out, inside flap and pack carrier extended totheir full length. Place rations in the center of haversack infront of and touching line of attachment of inside flap. Placetoilet articles in front of rations. Fold inside flap of haver-


EQUIPMENT, CLOTHING, AND TENT PITCHING 16

23

® First step.

® Second step.

® Third step.Figure 9.—To make the roll.

24

® Completed roll.Figure 9. To make the roll—Continued.

sack over these articles. Fold sides of haversack over rationsand toilet articles. Pass upper two binding straps throughloop opposite point of attachment of the strap to haversackbody. Fasten each strap by passing end of strap through theopening of its opposite buckle next to the buckle attachment,over center bar and back through opening of buckle awayfrom attachment. Pull strap tight and make fastening se-cure. Fold over outer flap of haversack and fasten it bymeans of the lower haversack binding strap passed throughthe buckle on inside of outer flap. Pull strap towards theright, drawing outer flap snugly over filled haversack. Thehaversack is now packed and the carrier is ready for receptionof the roll

® First step.Figure 10.—To pack the haversack.


25

® Second step.Figure 10. To pack the haversack—Continued.

(2) When rations are not carried, roll toilet articles in in-side flap so that top of toilet articles will be on line with top ofhaversack body. Then fold up lower haversack strap againstthe roll thus formed.

h. To assemble the pack (fig. 11).—Place roll in pack carrierand haversack with one end against bottom of packed haver-sack. Grasp lower suspension rings, one in each hand. Placeright knee against bottom of roll. Pull carrier down andforce roll up close against bottom of packed haversack.Without removing the knee, fasten lower pack carrier bind-ing strap over the roll and secure it by passing, from below,its end up through the opening of its corresponding buckleaway from the buckle attachment, then over center bar anddown through opening of the buckle next to buckle attach-ment, then back underneath the standing end of strap. In a


26

similar manner secure middle haversack binding strap andthen upper carrier binding strap. Engage snap hooks onpack suspenders in lower suspension rings. In order to obtainthe maximum benefit from the shoulder loops in suspendingthe pack on the wearer, each pack should be so assembledthat when the roll is carried the length of the assembledhaversack and pack carrier is at least 27 inches. This maybe done by placing clothing or equipment ordinarily carried

Figure 11.—Pack assembled.

elsewhere in the ration space in the haversack so that theassembled pack will be the same length as when rations arecarried. When this method is used, the pack carrier will notbe folded under.

i. To fold and attach the overcoat (figs. 12 and 13).—Turn

sleeves inside out, place overcoat on the ground, outside down,coat smooth, collar extended, sleeves smooth and extendedtoward pockets; move inside flap of tail under outside flap


27

about 6 inches and gather the slack in the coat thus caused inone fold along middle seam, tapering toward the collar. Foldbottom of front edges of coat about 12 inches toward centerseam, forming an approximate parallelogram, the side ofwhich across the coat will be 42 inches. Fold collar enddown about 15 inches at the top and roll smoothly and tightlytoward the tail; turn tail up to a depth of about 9 inches, androll entire coat into this pocket. Place the overcoat thusrolled, open side of roll down, on top of haversack, in rear ofbayonet handle so that center back seam is over center oftop of haversack. Secure coat at the top with a shelter halfrope. Bind the ends of overcoat down and along the sidesof haversack. Lash the ends of roll to haversack with therope, using a half hitch near each end of overcoat and passingthe rope around haversack over outside flap.

j. To attach the raincoat.—Fold raincoat neatly into arectangle about 10Vz inches long by BV2 inches wide, with out-side of raincoat out. Place raincoat between inner and outer

® First step.Figure 12.—T0 fold the overcoat.


© Completed fold.Figure 12.—To fold the overcoat.—Continued.

28

EQUIPMENT, CLOTHING, AND TENT PITCHING16

29

Figure 13.—Pull equipment with overcoat and raincoat.

haversack flaps. Secure it with lower haversack bindingstrap by passing the latter under bottom haversack bindingstrap and fastening it tightly to the buckle on under side ofouter haversack flap.

k. To attach the helmet.—Attach and secure the helmet byplacing chin strap over meat can pouch.

Z. To adjust full equipment.—Put on equipment, slippingthe arms through pack suspenders as through sleeves of acoat. By means of adjusting buckles on belt suspenders, raiseor lower the belt until it rests well down over hip bones andbelow pit of abdomen. Raise or lower it in rear until adjust-ing strap lies smoothly across small of the back. By meansof adjusting straps on pack suspenders, raise or lower the loadon the back until the top of haversack is on a level with topof shoulders, so that pack suspenders from their point ofattachment on the haversack to the shoulders will be hori-zontal. The latter is essential to proper adjustment of theload. (See fig. 14.)


30

®

Leftrearview.

Figure 14.—Full equipment(lessovercoat).©

Rightrearview.

©Frontview.


31

m. To discard the roll without removing equipment fromthe tody.—Unsnap pack suspenders from suspension ringsand snap them into eyelets on top of belt and in rear ofrear pockets of right and left pocket sections. Support bot-tom of pack with left hand, with right hand grasp couplingstrap at its middle and withdraw first one side and then theother. Pull down on the roll with both hands and removeit. When the roll has been removed, lace coupling strapthrough buttonholes along upper edge of carrier.■ 17. Method of Packing Individual Equipment on Horse.—a. General.—(l) The method of packing the saddle of themounted enlisted man has a decided bearing on the mobilityof a command. To maintain this mobility and to preventsore backs, care must be exercised to insure even distributionof weight on the horse’s back. The pressure due to an unevendistribution of arms and equipment on the horse may causeinjury to its withers and back. Therefore, weight of articlesattached to one side of the saddle should be balanced asnearly as possible by weight of articles attached to the otherside. Weight is better borne by the pommel than the cantle.

(2) The saddle pack of specialists varies from the pre-scribed basic saddle pack only to the extent required by differ-ences in the equipment carried by each individual on hisriding horse.

b. To assemble and pack the cantle or blanket roll.—(1)The shelter tent half is spread flat on the ground, buttons up.The triangular flap is folded over shelter tent half, making thelatter a rectangle. The blanket is folded once through thecenter, parallel to short side, and again through the centerperpendicular to short sides. The blanket is then laid onshelter tent half, the longer folded edge parallel to and oneinch from long side of shelter tent half, opposite the buttons,the shorter folded edge toward triangular flap, the blanketequidistant from ends of shelter tent half.

(2) The tent pole, folded, is inserted in double fold ofblanket, end of pole flush with shorter folded edges, the poleparallel to and fitting snugly into the double fold. The tentpins are inserted in double fold of blanket, near loose edges,placed alternately head and point and overlapping each otherso as to occupy about the same space as the tent pole, the pins

EQUIPMENT, CLOTHING, AND TENT PITCHING 16-17

32

parallel to and fitting snugly into double fold of blanket.This leaves a “break” at center of completed roll which allowsit to fit the saddle.

(3) The free ends of shelter tent half are folded over cor-responding portions of the blanket, the ends of shelter halfthroughout their length being parallel to its center line. As aprevention against the ends of completed roll pulling out, thefree (loop) end of tent rope is passed several times through tentpin loops on the two opposite corners of button side of sheltertent half, stretched flat and tied with a single bow-knot. Thebutton side of roll is folded back about 6 inches (as far as sec-ond button) in order to form a pocket when roll is completed,edge of pocket being parallel to edge of blanket.

(4) Using the hands and knees the blanket and shelter tenthalf are rolled tightly from side opposite buttons into pocket atbutton side, making a tightly bound roll. The roll is then“broken” or curved to fit the cantle of saddle, with free edgeof pocket uppermost and to the rear, so that this edge fitssnugly against the roll and prevents entrance of rain or snowwhen roll is on the saddle. It is advisable for two men to worktogether in making up the roll.

c. To fold the raincoat and/or overcoat.—The raincoat, inside out, with collar extended is folded once lengthwise. It isrolled tightly from folded edge toward buttons, making lengthof roll the same as full length of garment. If the overcoatis carried, it is rolled in the same manner as the raincoat.

d. Feed and grain hag.—The grain bag, with or withoutgrain, is secured inside the feed bag.

e. To pack the saddle (fig. 15).—(1) The saddle, off thehorse, is placed on the ground, or otherwise as is most con-venient for packing. The saddlebags are placed on the cantleand secured thereto by the attachments provided. The cantleroll is strapped to the cantle by means of the cantle strapswhich are wrapped three times around the roll. The strapsare securely buckled and the loose ends, falling to the front,are tucked under the straps. The buckles should be farenough to the rear to prevent injury or discomfort to thetrooper. The ends of the roll are pressed forward and downtoward the saddlebags. The two outside straps should passover the roll well down toward its ends in order to keep theroll curved to the shape of the cantle.


33

(2) The feed bag and grain bag are strapped on top of thepommel bar (under the raincoat or overcoat), regardless ofwhether grain is carried. The loose ends of the straps, fallingto the rear, are tucked under the straps. The raincoat, and/orovercoat, collar to the left, is placed on top of feed and grainbag and strapped on by means of the pommel straps. Theends of the roll are pressed in toward the horse’s shoulders.All buckles should be far enough forward to prevent injury ordiscomfort to the trooper.

(3) The canteen and cup, in their cover, are snapped to theright cantle ring. The cover is fastened tight to the saddle-bag by buckling the two rear saddlebag cover straps over thecanteen cover strap where it passes under the bottom of thecanteen cover.

(4) Attach helmet to near (left) saddlebag by buckling thethree straps of saddlebag flap through the chin strap.

(5) The rifle scabbard is secured to left side of saddle, at-tached to the pommel ring by the upper strap of scabbard andto cantle ring by lower strap. Both straps are so adjustedthat the scabbard will hang at an angle of 30° with the verti-cal. The rifle is not inserted in the scabbard until after thehorse is saddled.

(6) Wherever possible, two men work together in placingthe packed saddle on the horse’s back. In case only one manis available, it may be found advisable to attach saddle bags,canteen, cup and cover, and rifle scabbard after the horse hasbeen saddled.

f. Drivers ( artillery).—(1) General.—ln order to equalizeloads on the two horses, certain articles, as prescribed byTable II may be placed on saddle of the off horse instead ofon riding horse.

(2) To pack ieed bags.—To pack feed bags fill the grainbags; tie mouths securely and place a filled grain bag in eachfeed bag, mouths of grain bags down. Roll feed bags, securingclosed ends by means of web straps at ends of feed bags.The snap ends of the straps are either snapped in the ringson feed bags or tucked under turns in straps. The open endsof the two feed bags are closely secured together to preventlower ends from rubbing against traces. When grain is notcarried, fold empty grain bags and place them inside feed



34

® Near side.

@ Off side.Figure 15.—Saddle, packed.

35

bags. Roll feed bags along their longer edges and secure asabove.

(3) To pack saddle.—To pack the saddle of the off horse,the near stirrup being passed over seat of saddle, the pro-cedure is as follows:

(a) The saddlebags are placed on cantle and secured byattachments provided.

(b) Place surcingles under straps of saddlebag flaps abovethe loops in saddlebag flaps through which the straps pass.

(c) Attach mounted canteen cover to left rear cantle ringby the snap of canteen strap.

(d) Attach helmet to off (right) saddlebag by buckling thethree straps of saddlebag flap through the chin strap.

(e) Extend center cantle strap. Place roll on top of buckleend of cantle strap in the center of seat of saddle so thatopen edge will be down. Place the two feed bags, securedtogether at their open ends, across seat of saddle in front ofroll. Bring tongue end of cantle strap to the front overcenter of roll and junction of the two feed bags; take oneturn around the junction of the two feed bags; pass strapto rear under roll, bring it forward over center of roll, andbuckle it. Each coat strap is passed under rear quarter strapand once around feed bag about 4 inches from the lower end,punching a throat in feed bag to prevent strap from slipping;pass each strap to rear and once around roll about 6 inchesfrom end of roll; bring strap from under roll, over itself atthe interval between feed bags, roll and buckle. The endsof roll are drawn close to ends of feed bags before beingsecured. The coat straps are attached to saddle bag side—-strap rings about saddlebag side straps to avoid twistingthe rings.

(/) Place overcoat, collar to the left, across seat of saddlein front of feed bags and secure by two pommel coat straps.When raincoat and overcoat are both carried, place raincoaton top of overcoat. When overcoat is not carried, raincoatis packed as provided for overcoat. (See fig. 16.)

(4) To pack saddle of the off horse when blanket rolls andfeed bags carried on limber.—To pack the saddle of the offhorse, the near stirrup being passed over seat of saddle, theprocedure is as follows:


36

(a) Place the saddlebags on the seat of the saddle andsecure them by passing the saddlebag straps through thecinch rings and drawing them tight.

(b) Place the overcoat on top of the saddlebags, collar tothe left; place the raincoat on top of the overcoat. Take acouple of turns with the middle cantle strap around the twocoats. Then take several turns around each end of the coats,using a coat strap on each end. Place the free end of eachstrap through the cinch ring on each side and pull the coatsdown firmly against the saddle.

(c) Secure end of halter tie rope of off horse to off pommelring of oif saddle, and that of near horse to near pommelring of near saddle.

Figure 16.—Driver’s (artillery) off horse.

■ 18. Method of Attaching Equipment to Vehicles.—a. Tolimber.—Extend the four blanket straps and place the blanketrolls across the top of ammunition chest in rear of bucketbrackets, feed bags on top of blanket rolls; then buckle blanketstraps.

h. To motor vehicles.—When carried on tanks, scout cars,tractors, trucks, motorcycles, and passenger cars, the disposi-


37

tion of rolls will depend upon the particular construction ofthe vehicle. Vehicles of strictly commercial type are not pro-vided with straps or other fastenings for securing the rolls.It is then necessary to utilize the straps pertaining to the rollsthemselves or to use ropes or special straps. It will often bepreferable to dispose the rolls within the vehicles, thus reduc-ing danger of loss and affording better protection fromweather.

Section IV

DISPLAY OF BASIC EQUIPMENT FOR FORMALINSPECTION

■ 19. Enlisted Man With Haversack and Pack Carrier orSimilar Equipment.—a. When shelter tents are not pitched,the relative position of basic articles of equipment is as indi-cated in figure 17.

Figure 17.—Display of basic equipment of enlisted men(dismounted).


38

b. Special items of equipment not shown on figure 17 areadded to the display without disturbing the relative positionsof basic articles,

c. When shelter tents are pitched, the blanket remains inthe position shown for shelter half and blanket in figure 17.Rear edge of blanket is on line with front (entrance) edges ofshelter tents as shown in figure 20.■ 20. Mounted Enlisted Men or Those Similarly

Equipped.—a. When shelter tents are not pitched, the rela-tive position of basic articles of equipment is as indicated infigure 18.

b. Special items of equipment not shown on figure 18 areadded to the display without disturbing the relative positionsof basic articles.

c. When shelter tents are pitched, the blanket remains inthe position shown for shelter half and blanket in figure 18.Rear edge of blanket is on line with front (entrance) edgesof shelter tents as shown in figure 20.

Section V

TO PITCH SHELTER TENTS

■ 21. General.—The purpose of this instruction is to enablethe unit commander to establish his unit expeditiously inshelter tents. Except at inspections, alinements and inter-vals of the tents will be subordinated to the employment ofthe available ground for the concealment and comfort of themen.■ 22. Formations. —a. The company (battery or troop) com-mander indicates the area for each platoon (or section) orthe line on which its tents are to be pitched.

b. For instruction and for inspections, the platoons or sec-tions are formed for pitching tents as prescribed in FM 22-5.■ 23. Formal Shelter Tent Pitching.—a. When directed byplatoon leader (or chief of section), odd numbered men marktheir positions by thrusting bayonets, or by marking withtheir left heel, points alongside the outside of their left heels,near their insteps. The locations marked indicate the posi-


39

tions of the front tent poles. Odd and even numbers (num-bers one and two; numbers three and four; etc.) pitch tentstogether.

Figure 18.—Display of basic equipment of enlisted men (mounted).

b. At the command, pitch tents, each man (if armed withthe rifle) steps off obliquely with the right foot a full paceto the right front, lays his rifle on the ground, muzzle to the


40

front, barrel to the left, butt near the toe of his right foot.He then steps back into place. All men then unsling equip-ment and place their packs (or rolls) on the ground in frontof them, haversacks (saddle bags or field canvas bags) upand to the front, the packs two paces in front of their posi-tions. They then open their packs and remove their shelterhalves, poles, and pins. Each odd numbered man, when notarmed with a bayonet, places a pin in the ground on thespot which he previously marked with his left heel. Themen of each pair spread their shelter halves on the groundwhich the tent is to occupy, triangle to the rear, buttons tothe center, the even numbered man’s half on the left.

c. They then button the halves together. The odd num-bered man adjusts his pole through the eyelets in the frontof the tent and holds the pole upright in position beside thebayonet (or pin). The even numbered man pins down thefront corners of the tent in line with the bayonets (or pins).He then drives the front guy pin a rifle length in front ofthe front pole. If he is not armed with the rifle, he measuresthis distance with his tent rope by taking the distance fromthe base of the front tent pole to one of the front tent pins.He places the loop of the guy rope over the front guy pin,runs the other end of the rope through the loops of theshelter halves and ties it, making sure that the pole is ver-tical when the rope is taut. The even numbered man thenadjusts the rear tent pole through the eyelets in the rearof the tent. The odd numbered man pins down the rearof the tent and drives the rear guy pin so that it is a bayonetlength in rear of the rear pin of the triangle. If he is notarmed with the bayonet, he drives the rear guy pin two anda half tent pin lengths from the rear triangle pin. He thenadjusts the guy rope. The even numbered man then drivesthe remaining pins on the left of the shelter tent and theodd numbered man drives them on the right.

d. Each man displays the contents of his pack as describedin paragraphs 19 and 20. After the equipment of all men isdisplayed, the platoon (or section) reforms in single rank withnormal interval in front of their equipment, the right flankman taking position about one foot in front of the front guypin of his tent.


EQUIPMENT, CLOTHING, AND TENT PITCHING 23

41

Figure 19.—Pitchingsheltertents.

42

Figure20.—Todisplayequipment.


43

■ 24. Pitching Double Shelter Tents.—a. The double tentcamp is preferable to the single tent camp in cold or inclementweather because of the added shelter it affords. It is usefulin restricted areas because of its greater concentration of per-sonnel. The double tent is composed of two single tents but-toned together at the square ends. The tent is supported bythree poles, one in the center and one at each end.

b. The platoons (or sections) are formed for pitching tentsas prescribed in FM 22-5, except that, after all squads are inline, the platoon (or section) is formed at close interval.

c. On direction of the platoon leader (or chief of section)number one and every fourth man thereafter mark the spotalongside the outside of their left heels, near their insteps.This indicates the positions of the front tent poles. Numbersone, two, three, and four pitch and occupy one double tent.Numbers five, six, seven, and eight the next double tent, andso on.

d. At the command, pitch double shelter tents, each man(if armed with the rifle) steps off obliquely with the right foota full pace to the right front, lays his rifle on the ground,muzzle to the front, barrel to the left, butt near the toe of hisright foot. He then steps back into place. All men then un-sling equipment and place their packs on the ground in frontof them, haversacks (saddle bags or canvas field bags) up andto the front, the packs two paces in front of their positions.They then open their packs and remove their shelter halves,poles, and pins. Each odd numbered man, when not armedwith a bayonet, places a pin in the ground on the spot whichhe previously marked with his left heel. The four men ofeach group pitching tents together spread their shelter halveson the ground which the tent is to occupy as follows: the lowerodd numbered man at the right front, the lower even num-bered man at the left front, the higher odd-numbered man atthe right rear and the higher even numbered man at the leftrear.

e. They then button together the four shelter halves of eachtent, the ridge first, then the square ends so that the centereyelets of the shelter halves will be in the following order; thelower half of the front tent on the bottom, the lower half of


44

Figure21.

—Layingoutshelterhalvesfor

doublesheltertents.


45

the rear tent next, the upper half of the front tent next, andthe upper half of the rear tent on the top. The odd numbersInsert and support the front and rear poles, respectively,the front pole in the location marked, the rear pole in a linewith it perpendicular to the line of front poles. The evennumbers pin the front and rear corners of the tent. Oneeven number then enters the tent with his pole and, assistedby the other, inserts the pole through the center eyelets ofthe shelter halves.

/. The even numbers then drive two guy pins at each end ofthe tent. Guy pins are one rifle’s length distance from thecorner pins of the tent and on line with the side pins. Theythen adjust the guy ropes through both loops at once ateach end of the tent. The even numbers then fasten theguy ropes and all drive the remaining pins. The occupantsturn back the triangular ends, and, for inspections, displaythe contents of their packs as prescribed in section IV. Eachman stands at attention in front of his own shelter half,toes on line with the guy pins. If equipment is not to bedisplayed the platoon (or section) reforms in single rank withclose interval as shown in Figure 22, the right flank mantaking position so that his left foot is on line with the tentpoles of his tent.■ 25. To Strike Shelter Tents. —The men are directed tofall in at their own tents. They take the positions as shownin figure 20 or figure 22. At the command, strike tents, themen pull the pins, unbutton the shelter halves, and roll theirpacks. When packs are rolled men equipped with haversacksplace their packs on the ground in front of them, haversacksto the front, suspenders up, packs one foot in front of thetoes, and stand at ease in the positions they occupied beforethe command to pitch tents. Equipment is not slung untildirected by the platoon leader (or chief of section).

Section VITO PITCH WALL AND PYRAMIDAL TENTS

■ 26. Wall Tents. —a. Pitching.—(l) Preliminary arrange-ments.—The officer or noncommissioned officer in charge se-lects suitable ground. He indicates the direction in whichthe tent is to face, the line on which the tent is to be placed,


46

Figure22. —Doubleshelter

tentspitchedwithmenat

attention.(Equipmentnot

displayed.)26 EQUIPMENT, CLOTHING, AND TENT PITCHING

47

Figure23.—Walltent.


48

and the position of the door pin. Pour men are required topitch each tent.

(2) Procedure for each tent.—(a) First, a pin is driven tomark the center of the door. Then the tent is spread on theground it is to occupy, the door loops being placed over thedoor pin. The front corners are drawn taut, alined, andpegged down. The rear door is laced, if there is one. Rearcorners are drawn taut in both directions and pegged down.Then the four corner guy pins are driven in prolongation ofthe diagonals of the tent and about two paces beyond thecorner pins.

(b) The front door is temporarily loosened and the twocorner loops on one side only are loosened from the cornerpins. The ridge pole is inserted between the ventilation stripand the tent ridge. The upright eyelet pins are inserted inthe ridge pole and in the eyelets of the tent. The fly eyeletsare placed over the end-pole eyelet pins. The tent is raisedand held in position. The two loosened corner loops are re-placed and the corner and fly guy ropes secured and tightenedto hold the poles vertical. The wall pins are driven throughthe open loops as they hang. Finally, the intermediate guypins are driven in alinement with the corner guy pins alreadydriven.

b. Striking.—The men first remove all pins except those ofthe four corner guy ropes. The pins are neatly placed in areceptacle. One man holds each corner guy rope, and the tentis lowered. The poles are removed and the tent folded. Thepoles are fastened together and the remaining pins collected.

c. Folding.—(l) First the tent is spread flat on the ground,folded at the ridge so that the bottoms of the side walls areeven, ends of the tent forming triangles to the right and left.Then the triangular ends of the tent are folded in toward themiddle to form a rectangle. The top is folded over about 9inches. The tent is folded in two by carrying the top foldover to the foot, and again from the top to the foot.

(2) All the guy ropes are thrown on the tent except thesecond from each end. The ends are folded in so as to coverabout two-thirds of the second widths. The left end is thenfolded over to meet the turned-in edge of the top right end,


49

then the right end is folded over the top right end, next theright end is folded over the top, completing the bundle.Finally, the bundle is tied with the two exposed guy ropes.

■ 27. Pyramidal Tents. —a. Pitching.—(l) Preliminary ar-rangements.—The commander designates the ground onwhich the tents are to be erected. The line of tents is markedby driving a wall pin on the spot to be occupied by the rightfront corner of each tent. The interval between adjacentmarking pins should be 30 feet, which leaves a space of about2 feet between tents. Each tent is usually erected by thesquad which will occupy it.

(2) Procedure for each tent.—(a) If the tripod is to beused, it is first spread on the ground where the center ofthe tent will be.

(b) The tent is next spread on the ground which it is tooccupy, door to the front. The corners and door are lacedand the right front wall loop is placed over the corner pinalready driven.

(c) The left corner wall loop is carried to the left as faras it will go, and a wall pin driven through it, in line withthe right corner pins already driven.

(d) The rear corner wall loops are pulled to the rear andoutward, so that the bottom of the rear wall of the tent isstretched to complete the square. Wall pins are then driventhrough these loops. Each rear corner pin should be directlyin rear of its corresponding front corner pin to form thesquare. Unless the canvas is wet a small amount of slackshould be allowed before the corner pins are driven.

(e) Three men crawl under the tent and fit the pole intothe rings, and such accessories as hood, fly, and tripod areadjusted.

(/) Steadied by one man at each corner guy rope, the tentis then raised by the men underneath.

( g ) The four corner guy ropes are then placed over thelower notches of large pins, which are driven in prolongationof the diagonals at such distances as to hold the walls andends of the tent vertical and smooth when the guy ropesare drawn taut.

(h) A wall pin is then driven through each remainingloop, and a large pin for each guy rope is driven in line with



Figure24.—Pyramidaltent.

51

the four corner guy pins already driven. The guy ropes ofthe tent are placed over the lower notches of the large pins.All ropes are then drawn taut.

b. Striking.—First, all pins are removed except those ofthe four corner guy ropes and the rear corner wall pins. Thepins are neatly piled or placed in a receptacle. With oneman holding each corner guy rope, the tent is then slowlylowered to the rear. The tripod and poles are fastenedtogether and the remaining pins collected.

c. Folding.—(l) Procedure for each tent.—(a) The tenthaving been lowered to the rear, the back wall and roof can-vas are pulled out smooth. This is accomplished by leavingthe rear corner wall pins in the ground with the loops at-tached. One man at each corner guy and one or two holdingthe square iron perpendicular pull the canvas to its limitaway from the former front of the tent. This places the threeremaining sides of the tent on top of the rear side, with thedoor side in the middle.

(b) Next, to straighten the right side wall and roof canvas,the right front corner is carried over and laid on the left frontcorner. All canvas is pulled smooth, the guy ropes throwntoward the square iron, and the bottom edges pulled even.Then the right front corner is returned to the right to coverthe right rear corner. This folds the right side of the tenton itself, with a crease in the middle and under the front sideof the tent.

(c) Next, to straighten the left side wall and roof canvas,the left front corner is carried to the right and back in asimilar fashion. This will leave the front and rear sidesof the tent lying smooth and flat and the two side walls foldedinward, each on itself.

(d) The square iron is folded downward toward the bottomof the tent and then the hood is placed in the square iron.The tent is now folded around the square iron as a core, allfolds being pressed down flat and smooth, and parallel to thebottom of the tent. If each fold is compactly made and thecanvas is kept smooth, the last fold will exactly cover thelower edge of the canvas.

(e) All exposed guys are laid along the folded canvas ex-cept the two on the center width. These two are pulled out


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and away from the bottom edge to their extreme length so asto be used later for the final tying of the bundle.

(/) From one end the bundle is folded toward the centerhinging on the first seam; that is, the one joining the firstand second widths. It is again folded toward the center, sothat the canvas already folded will come to within about 3inches of the middle width. It is again folded to the oppositeedge of the middle width of canvas.

(g ) From the opposite end the first width is folded in half.A second fold comes about 4 or 5 inches from the part of thetent already folded from the first end. This second fold isthen thrown entirely over the part already folded.

( h ) The exposed guys are drawn taut toward and acrossone another so that they are at right angles. The bundle isturned over on the guy rope which is in prolongation of thetent seam. The guy ropes are crossed on the new top of thebundle. The bundle is turned over again on the crossed ropesand tied.

(2) Bundle. —(a) When properly tied and pressed togetherthe bundle will be about 11 by 23 by 34 inches.

(b) The unit designation, stenciled on the lower half of themiddle width of canvas in the back wall, will appear on theexposed top of the bundle.

Section VII

TO PITCH LATRINE SCREENS

■ 28. Pitching.—a. Preliminary arrangements.-—A detail ofsix men, supervised by a noncommissioned officer, is requiredto pitch the latrine screen. The noncommissioned officer se-lects suitable ground, indicates the direction in which thescreen is to face, the line on which it is to be placed, and theposition of the inside corner of the entrance.

b. Procedure for each latrine screen.—(l) A tent pin isdriven to mark the inside corner of the entrance. The latrinescreen is unfolded and the end having both a long and a shorttie rope (as differing from the end having two short tie ropes)is placed near the entrance pin. The short tie rope on thebottom of the screen is tied to this pin.


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(2) The latrine screen is laid on the ground following gen-erally its final outline (see fig. 25). A long ridge pole andthree uprights are assembled and raised to a vertical positionnear the center of the latrine screen. The uprights beingheld in position, two center guy rope pins are driven in twopaces from the front center upright and generally in pro-longation of the diagonals from the right and left rear cornersof the latrine screen through the front center upright (see fig.25 ©). A third guy rope pin is driven about one pace fromthe rear center upright and on line with the three uprights.Guy ropes are placed over these pins and over the uprighteyelet pins and tightened. The latrine screen is raised on theoutside of the inner and rear uprights and is tied to the ridgepole with the bottom about six inches from the ground.

(3) At the narrow end of the screen a short ridge pole andtwo uprights are assembled and held in position. Guy ropepins are driven in about two paces from the uprights and inprolongation of the diagonals from the inner center and rearcenter uprights. Guy ropes are attached as before. Thelatrine screen is raised on the outside of the uprights and istied to the ridge pole so that the bottom is about six inchesfrom the ground.

(4) Before the long ridge pole and uprights are assembledto form the wide end of the latrine screen, the long tie ropefrom the top of the inside corner of the entrance is passedover the ridge pole. The upright eyelet pins are inserted inthe two outside holes of the ridge pole and the uprights areraised and held in place. The two remaining guy rope pinsare then driven. All four front guy rope pins are not on thesame line. (See fig. 25®.) Guy ropes are attached andtightened. The latrine screen is raised and tied to the endridge pole and the outside of the entrance is tied to the centerridge pole.

(5) The long tie rope from the top of the inside corner ofthe entrance is drawn taut. All tie ropes on the lower edgeof the latrine screen are tied to the uprights. Any slack istaken out of the screen by a final tightening of the guy ropesand if necessary by shifting slightly the upright poles.


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Figure25.—Latrine screen.

®

Sideview.


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Figure25.—Latrine screen—Continued.

®

Topview.


fl 29. Striking.—a. To strike the latrine screen the work iscarried on in the reverse order to pitching the screen. All tieropes on the lower edge of the screen are untied from theupright poles. The outside of the entrance is untied from thecenter ridge pole. At the wide end, the latrine screen is untiedand dropped to the ground. Guy ropes at this end are de-tached and the ridge pole and two uprights are disassembledand placed in a pile at one side.

b. The narrow end of the latrine screen is untied. The guyropes are detached and the ridge pole and uprights are placedwith the poles previously placed to one side.

c. The same procedure is followed with the center ridgepole. The eight tent pins and seven guy ropes are collectedand placed near the ridge poles and uprights.

■ 30. Folding.—a. The first step in folding the latrine screenis to extend the screen on the ground and smooth it out. Thefirst fold is made by carrying one end over the other. Thisstep is repeated, the folded edge being placed even with thetwo ends of the screen, (The screen can be better controlledif the first two folds are made into the wind.) It is importantthat the canvas be smoothed out after each fold.

b. Next, either the top or bottom edge is folded over one-third of the width of the latrine screen. The other edge isthen folded over on top of this fold. The tie ropes and all guyropes, except one for tying the bundle, are put inside the foldsat one end of the screen.

c. To form the final bundle, a two foot fold from each end ofthe screen is made toward the center. This step is repeatedtwice leaving the two folded sections two or three inches apart.One folded section is placed on the other and the bundle isready to be tied.

d. Lay the guy rope over the center of the bundle and turnthe bundle over on the rope. The ends of the rope are crossedover the new top of the bundle. The bundle is turned overagain on the crossed ropes and tied.


INDEXParagraph Page

Brassards 10 4Care of—

Equipment:Metal parts 6 3Web 5 2

Leather 4 1Clothing 1,7 1,3

Scope of manual on 2 1Equipment 1 1

Attaching to vehicles 18 36Basic, displaying for formal inspection 19, 20 37, 38Care:

Metal parts 6 3Web 5 2

Enlisted men 14 13Methods of carrying 15 13

Individual, packing on horse 17 31Officers and warrant officers 11-13 8

Assembling 13 13Carrying. 12 8

Responsibility for 3 1Scope of manual on 2 1

Formations for shelter tents 22 38Hat cords 9 4Haversacks:

Assembling 16 18Displaying for formal inspection 19 37

Headgear insignia 9 4

Insignia 8,9 4Inspections, formal, displaying basic equipment for. 19, 20 37,38

Leather, care 4 1Latrine screen:

Folding 30 56Pitching 28 52Striking 29 56

Officers’ and warrant officers’ equipment 11-13 8

Pack carrier:Assembling 16 18Displaying for formal inspection 19 37

Pyramid tent pitching 27 49

Screens, latrine: Paragraph PageFolding 30 56Pitching 28 52Striking 29 56

Shelter tent:Pitching 21-24 38

Formal 23 38Formations for 22 38

Striking 25 45

Tent pitching 1 1Double 24 43Pyramid , 27 49Scope of manual on 2 1Shelter 21-24 38Wall 26 45

Vehicles, attaching equipment to 18 36

Wall tent pitching 26 45Warrant officers’ equipment 11-13 8Web equipment, care 5 2

INDEX