fiction-writing mode article
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Fictionwriting modeFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A fictionwriting mode is a manner of writing with its own set of conventions regarding how, when, and where it should be used.
Fiction is a form of narrative, one of the four rhetorical modes of discourse. Fictionwriting also has distinct forms of expression, or modes, each with itsown purposes and conventions. Currently, there is no consensus within the writing community regarding the number and composition of fictionwritingmodes and their uses. Some writing modes suggested include action, dialogue, thoughts, summary, scene, description, background, exposition andtransition.[1][2][3]
Contents
1 Narration2 Description3 Exposition4 Summarization5 Introspection6 Recollection7 Sensation8 Emotion9 Action10 Transition11 See also12 Footnotes13 References
Narration
Main article: Narration
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As a fictionwriting mode, narration is how the narrator communicates directly to the reader. This contrasts with the use of the term "narration" as arhetorical mode of discourse, where it has a broader meaning which encompasses all written fiction.
Description
Description is the fictionwriting mode for transmitting a mental image of the particulars of a story. Together with dialogue, narration, exposition, andsummarization, description is one of the most widely recognized of the fictionwriting modes. Description is more than the amassing of details, it isbringing a scene to life by carefully choosing and arranging words and phrases to produce the desired effect.[4]
Exposition
Main article: Exposition (literary technique)
Broadly defined, exposition is one of four rhetorical modes of discourse. Within the context of fictionwriting modes, exposition is used to conveyinformation. Exposition may be used to add drama to a story, but too much exposition at one time may slow the pace of the story.[5]
Summarization
Summarization, or narrative summary, condenses events to convey, rather than to show, what happens within a story.[6] The "tell" in the axiom "Show,don't tell" is often in the form of summarization. Summarization may be used to:
connect parts of a storyreport details of less important eventsskip events that are irrelevant to the plotconvey an emotional state over an extended period of time[7]
vary the rhythm and texture of the writing[8]
The main advantage of summary is that it takes up less space than other fictionwriting modes.[9] Effective use of summarization requires a balancebetween showing and telling, action and summary, with rhythm, pace and tone playing a role.[10]
Introspection
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Main article: Introspection
Introspection (also referred to as internal dialogue, interior monologue, or selftalk) is the fictionwriting mode used to convey the thoughts of acharacter, allowing the expression of normally unexpressed thoughts.[11] Introspection may also be used to:
enhance a story by allowing the character's thoughts to deepen characterisationincrease tensionwiden the scope of a story[12]
play a critical role in both scene and sequel[13]
Recollection
Recollection is the fictionwriting mode whereby a character remembers a detail or event. It plays a vital role in conveying backstory by allowing writersto convey information from earlier in the story or from before the beginning of the story. Although recollection is not widely recognized as a distinctmode of fictionwriting, it is a common tool. Recollection could be considered a subset of introspection, but its role in developing backstory separates itfrom the other thoughts of a character. Effective presentation of recollection has its own unique issues and challenges. For example, timing a recollectionto avoid implausibleseeming memories (such as when a character must make a key decision) can be difficult, and should be prompted by a recent plotevent.[14]
Sensation
Sensation is used to portray a character's perceptions. It can help draw the reader in by conveying the actual sensations of things comprising the story,breathing life into its physical world.[15][16] Since the reader has experienced only a portion of the sensations experienced by the character, the authoraims to either provoke recall from the reader, or convey the experience,[17] drawing the reader in and maintaining interest in the story.[18]
Emotion
The fictionwriting mode of emotion conveys the feelings of the character, and is a vital component of creative writing.[19] Connecting the character tohis own emotions allows the author to connect with the reader on an emotional level.[20][21]
Action
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Action is the demonstration of events as they are happening in a story,[22][23] and may help readers feel as if they were participating in the plot.[24]
Transition
Transitions in fiction are words, phrases, sentences, paragraphs, or punctuation that may be used to signal various changes in a story, including changesin time, location, pointofview character, mood, tone, emotion, and pace.[25][26]
See also
WritingStyleExpositionNarrative modeRhetorical mode
Footnotes1. Marshall, 1998, p. 14365 (http://books.google.com/books?id=ziBORQpTMD0C&pg=PA143).2. Morrell, 2006, p. 127 (http://books.google.com/books?id=qhufPkfjmXgC&pg=PA127).3. Selgin, 2007, p. 38.4. Polking, 1990, p. 106.5. Kernen, 1999, p. 57.6. Marshall, 1998, p. 1446 (http://books.google.com/books?id=qhufPkfjmXgC&pg=PA144).7. Marshall, 1998, p. 145 (http://books.google.com/books?id=qhufPkfjmXgC&pg=PA145).8. Browne, King & Booth, 2004, p. 12.9. Selgin, 2007, p. 31.10. Card, 1999, p. 1402 (http://books.google.com/books?id=gNYtrafWhDwC&pg=PA140).11. Browne, King & Booth, 2004, p. 117.12. Kress, 2003, p. 38.13. Bickham, 1993, pp. 1222 (http://books.google.com/books?id=wzUoKvpA2UC&g=PA12), 508 (http://books.google.com/books?id=wzUoKvpA2UC&g=PA50)14. Card, 1999, p. 113 (http://books.google.com/books?id=gNYtrafWhDwC&pg=PA113).15. Rozelle, 2005, p. 76 (http://books.google.com/books?id=6O3CIkg9NDAC&pg=PA76).16. Morrell, 2006, p. 172 (http://books.google.com/books?id=qhufPkfjmXgC&pg=PA172).17. Rozelle, 2005, p. 86 (http://books.google.com/books?id=6O3CIkg9NDAC&pg=PA86).18. Morrell, 2006, p. 173 (http://books.google.com/books?id=qhufPkfjmXgC&pg=PA173).
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19. Reid, 1994, p. 105.20. Kempton, 2004, p. 148 (http://books.google.com/books?id=ayhE_0hlH34C&pg=PA148).21. Card, 1999, p. 74 (http://books.google.com/books?id=gNYtrafWhDwC&pg=PA74).22. Marshall, 1998, p. 142 (http://books.google.com/books?id=ziBORQpTMD0C&pg=PA142).23. Morrell, 2006, p. 127 (http://books.google.com/books?id=qhufPkfjmXgC&pg=PA127).24. Rosenfeld, 2008, p. 173.25. Morrell, 2006, p. 2812 (http://books.google.com/books?id=qhufPkfjmXgC&pg=PA2812).26. Polking, 1990, p. 495.
References
Bickham, JM (1993). Scene & Structure. Writer's Digest Books. ISBN 0898795516.Browne R, King D & Booth G (2004). Selfediting for Fiction Writers: Edit Yourself Into Print. New York: Harper Resource. ISBN 0060545690.Card, OS (1999). Characters & Viewpoint. Cincinnati, OH: Writer's Digest Books. ISBN 0898793076.Kempton, G (2004). Dialogue: Techniques and Exercises for Crafting Effective Dialogue. Cincinnati, OH: Writer's Digest Books. ISBN 1582972893.Kernen, R (1999). Building Better Plots. Cincinnati, OH: Writer's Digest Books. ISBN 0898799031.Kress, N (August 2003). "Make 'em think". Writer's Digest: 38.Marshall, E (1998). The Marshall Plan for Novel Writing. Cincinnati, OH: Writer's Digest Books. ISBN 1582970629.Morrell, JP (2006). Between the Lines: Master the Subtle Elements of Fiction Writing. Cincinnati, OH: Writer's Digest Books. ISBN 9781582973937.Polking, K (1990). Writing A to Z. Cincinnati, OH: Writer's Digest Books. ISBN 0898794358.Reid, MI (1994). The Writer’s Digest Guide to Good Writing. Cincinnati, OH: Writer's Digest Books. ISBN 0898796407.Rosenfeld, JE (2008). Make a Scene: Crafting a Powerful Story One Scene at a Time. Cincinnati, OH: Writer's Digest Books. ISBN 9781582974798.Rozelle, R (2005). Write Great Fiction: Description & Setting. Cincinnati, OH: Writer's Digest Books. ISBN 158297327X.Selgin, P (2007). By Cunning & Craft: Sound Advice and Practical Wisdom for fiction writers. Cincinnati, OH: Writer's Digest Books. ISBN 9781582974910.
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Categories: Rhetoric Narratology Writing Style (fiction) Fictionwriting mode
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