fibre to fabric final 2003
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Fibre
To Fabric(Jerram & Hoffman, 1994, p.58.)
(Castles & Peters, 2010, p. 74.)
1. Clothing is made from Fabrics (cloth) 2. Fibres are the Raw material in fabrics 3. Fibres are made into Yarn 4. Yarn can be made into cloth that is
Woven Fabric
Felt (matted)
Knitting
5. Clothing is made from cloth (fabric) 6. Activities:- 1. Making a yarn 2. Making a weave. 7. Mini Test 8. Summary
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Each of us wears clothing to school
Have you wondered how cloth began its life cycle?
It begins as a raw material that is grown, manufactured or inorganic.
Fibres can be ◦ Natural
◦ Manufactured (Man Made)
◦ Mixed (blended)
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Bunney et al, 1983, p. 101.)
(Jerram & Hoffman, 1994, p. 2.)
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(Castles & Peters, 2010, p. 70.)
Natural Fibres
Manufactured (Man Made or Regenerated) Fibres
Inorganic
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Clothes from Natural fibresCloth from Man Made Fibres
Natural Fibres are in three Groups◦ 1. Plant Based – Vegetable (Cellulose)
* Cotton
* Flax (Linen)
◦ 2. Animal Based (Protein)
* Wool
* Silk
◦ 3. Inorganic
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Cotton Boll
(Hutchinson, 1983, p. 50 & 52.)
(Hutchinson, 1983, p. 50 & 52.)
Merino Sheep. (Castles & Peters, 2010, p. 103.)
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(Castles & Peters, 2009, p. 212.)
Plant based◦ Cellulose
Raw material is the cotton fibre when the cotton boll ripens
This is harvested with a cotton picker
Needs lots of water, good flat soil and sunshine.
Grows NSW (Dubbo, Narromine, Wee Waa, Moree, Brewarrina) and QLD.
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Plant based◦ Cellulose
Raw material is the Flax fibre from the stems of the plant
This is harvested by cutting the long strappy leaves off
Grows tall, has bright blue flowers
Grows in Mediterranean countries mostly
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Flax crop – flax up close Flax is harvested Made into linen cloth
(Ridgewell, 2006)
Animal Based Fibre◦ Protein
Raw material is the hair, fur or wool the animal produces
Grows Australia – great conditions
Animals – sheep, camels, alpacas, rabbits, goats
Harvested, Cleaned, carded, combed, processed to wool yarn
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Animal Based Fibre◦ Protein
Raw material - long filament from the spinneret of a silk worm
Grows first in China (Emperor). Farmed now as Sericulture
Animals – silk worms that live on Mulberry leaves
Harvested, Cocoons heated, reeled, processed to silk yarn
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Silk worms Silk cocoons Silk farming (sericulture)
Silk Fabric(Castles & Peters, 2009, p. 220, 224)
Man makes them in a Laboratory
Two Groups
1. Synthetics (using all Chemicals)
2. Regenerated or Re-made Natural Fibres plus chemicals
Blends (mixes)
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Melting plastic chips to make nylon
By Drawing out and twisting
We will do an activity on this soon
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Felt (matted)KnittingWoven Fabric
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(Bunney et al, 1983, p. 19.)
Threads
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Make Yarn from a Cotton Ball
Cotton is ◦ Harvested
Cleaned
Carded
Combed
Processed into Yarn, then Thread, then Cloth (fabric)
Make Thread from several yarns twisted together
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Unravel a threadTwist yarns to make thread
(Jerram & Hoffman, 1994, pp. 22-23, 35.)
Reel of thread
Cotton balls(Castles & Peters, 2009. p. 231.)
Make cloth by
1. Weaving (interlacing two threads at right angles)
2. Knitting /Crocheting (inter-looping one yarn with needles)
3. Felting (matting fibres with friction, heat, water)
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Step 1 Step 2 Plain Weave
(Ridgewell, 2006.)
(Scott * Koutroulis, 1985, p. 122)
knitting
Crocheting
(Scott & Koutroulis, 1985, pp. 124/5)
Knitting(Castles & Peters, 2009, p. 37.)
Felting(Castles & Peters, 2010, p. 145.)
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Loom for weaving(Gohl & Vilensky, 1993, p. 292.)
(Castles & Peters, 2009, P. 30.)
1. The clothes we wear have R__ M_______ of various fibres. 2.The raw material from a cotton blouse would be C_____. 3. The raw material from a woollen jumper would be W___. 4. The raw material from a linen tea towel would be F___. 5. The fruit that produces the fibre on a cotton bush as called
a B___. 6.The animal that produces most of the wool worn is the
S____. 7. Can you name another animal that produces wool or hair? -------------- 8. People who farm silk worms are called S______________. 9. What is felting?------------------------------------------------- 10. What is weaving------------------------------------------------
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Name............................................
1. The clothes we wear have RAW MATERIAL of various fibres. 2.The raw material from a cotton blouse would be COTTON. 3. The raw material from a woollen jumper would be WOOL. 4. The raw material from a linen tea towel would be FLAX. 5. The fruit that produces the fibre on a cotton bush as called a
BOLL. 6.The animal that produces most of the wool worn is the SHEEP. 7. Can you name another animal that produces wool or hair? Camel, rabbit, goat, alpaca, Llama 8. People who farm silk worms are called SERICULTURALISTS 9. What is felting? Matting Fibres together with
heat, water, friction 10. What is weaving? Interlacing two yarns at right angles to make
cloth.
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The End
Illustrations Bunney, H., Cone, A., & Eagle, J. (1983). Everyday Living Book Three: Activities in Home Economics.
Williams Brook & Co, Eagle Farm, Australia. Castles, C., & Peters, L. (2010). Textiles and Design: Preliminary and HSC. Nelson Cencage Learning
Australia. Gohl, E. & Vilensky, L. ( 1993). Textiles for Modern Living (5th ed.). Longman Cheshire, Melbourne,
Australia. Hutchinson, B. (1983). Textiles and Design: an Introduction. Thomas Nelson & Sons, Australia. Jerram, D., & Hoffman, R. (1994). Tried and Tested: A guide to quality control and the textile
industry. Publishing and Production Projects, Potts Point, Australia. Jerram, D., & Hoffman, R. (1993). Hanging by a Thread: A guide to sewing threads for the apparel
industry. Publishing and Production Projects, Potts Point, Australia. Jerram, D., & Hoffman, R. (1994). A Cut Above the Rest: A guide to cutting and marker-making for
the apparel industry. Publishing and Production Projects, Potts Point, Australia. Ridgewell, T. (2006). Textiles Technology First. Pearson Education, Australia. Scott, L., & Koutroulis, H. ( 1985). Exploring Textiles. Longman Cheshire, Melbourne, Australia.
Research Roblyer, R.D., & Doering, A.H. (2010). Integrating Educational Technology into Teaching (5th ed.) Boston,
MA: Allyn and Bacon. (P187 top ten tips on PowerPoint presentations)
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